CN105115834B - Coarse-grained soil shearing strength test method under a kind of cryogenic conditions - Google Patents
Coarse-grained soil shearing strength test method under a kind of cryogenic conditions Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Coarse-grained soil shearing strength test method under a kind of cryogenic conditions, it is characterized in that carrying out shearing strength test using a kind of experimental rig, the device includes reaction frame (1), loading frame (2), first servomotor (3), second servomotor (4), load sample platform (5), upper shear box (6), down cut box (7), railcar (8), ball axle arranges (12), horizontal slide rail (17), horizontal addload axle (22), Vertical loading axle (25), upper box freezing liquid entrance (31), upper box freezing liquid exports (32), lower box freezing liquid entrance (33), lower box freezing liquid exports (34), freeze liquid pipeline (35) etc..The device is simple to manufacture, measurement accuracy is high, the consolidation under different temperatures control and oblique scissor test requirement are met, is obtained available for the shearing resistance shear strength parameters of the various Rock And Soils such as coarse-grained soil, gravelly soil, soil-rock mixture, the cohesive soil run into civil engineering or Geological Engineering under cryogenic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of geotechnical testament instrument, belongs to civil engineering instrument test field.
Background technology
Coarse-grained soil (gravelly soil, soil-rock mixture) is a kind of gravel by as aggregate or block stone and gluing as casting resin
The geologic body that soil and sand are constituted.Coarse-grained soil is widely used in earth and rockfill dam, highway, railway, airport, house as a kind of filler
The architectural engineerings such as base, application is quite extensive.Due to coarse-grained soil by block stone and local soil type into and both are presented in mechanical property
" extremely strong " (block stone) and " extremely weak " (soil body) two extreme othernesses.This otherness makes coarse-grained soil on physico-mechanical properties
Extreme inhomogeneities and extreme nonlinear characteristic is presented, its Macroscopic physical mechanical property can not be by block stone or native simple superposition
Form.There are a large amount of coarse-grained soil side slopes in southwest, and compared with low temperature environment is at High aititude throughout the year, for thick under cryogenic conditions
The test of the native intensity of grain can not be completed, it is necessary to develop suitable coarse grain by traditional soil mechanics shear or rock test rig
The new instrument of native own characteristic, measures its mechanical strength, especially to consider dimensional effect and low temperature to coarse-grained soil intensity
Influence.The present invention is exactly a kind of test method for being used to measure coarse-grained soil shearing strength under low temperature control condition.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide coarse-grained soil shearing strength test method under a kind of cryogenic conditions, for solving coarse-grained soil etc.
Strength test test of the various Rock And Soils under different consolidation stress states and cryogenic conditions, technology ginseng is provided for engineering practice
Number.
The technical solution of the present invention, it is characterized in that carrying out the coarse grain under low temperature control condition using a kind of test device
Native shear strength parameter is obtained, and the device includes reaction frame 1, and loading frame 2, the first servomotor 3, the second servomotor 4 is carried
Sample platform 5, upper shear box 6, down cut box 7, railcar 8, vertical displacement meter 9, the first vertical slide rail 10, upper box sample 11, ball
Axle row 12, lower box expansion board 13, lower box sample 14, the first jack 15, the first support base 16, horizontal slide rail 17, second
Support base 18, the second jack 19, transmission rod 20, connection end 21, horizontal addload axle 22, horizontal displacement meter 23, the first lateral spacing
Post 24, Vertical loading axle 25, increased pressure board 26, the second lateral spacing post 27, telescopic arm 28, the 3rd lateral spacing post 29, the second vertical slide rail 30,
Upper box freezing liquid entrance 31, upper box freezing liquid outlet 32, lower box freezing liquid entrance 33, lower box freezing liquid outlet 34 freezes liquid pipe
Road 35, firing ring 36.First servomotor 3 connection Vertical loading axle 25, Vertical loading axle 25 provides pressure at right angle, positioned at pressurization
Above plate 26, the connection vertical displacement meter 9 of increased pressure board 26, increased pressure board 26 is located at the top surface of upper box sample 11, and upper shear box 6 is by first
The lateral spacing post 27 of lateral spacing post 24 and second is fixed, and the first lateral spacing post 24 connects the first vertical slide rail 10, and the second lateral spacing post 27 is by stretching
Contracting arm 28 is connected with the 3rd lateral spacing post 29, and the 3rd lateral spacing post 29 connects the second vertical slide rail 30, and upper shear box 6 is arranged by ball axle
Installed in 12 alignment down cut boxes 7, upper shear box 6 and lower box sample 14, down cut box 7 are installed in box sample 11, down cut box 7
The lower box expansion board 13 of connection, the connection railcar 8 of down cut box 7, railcar 8 can be moved on load sample platform 5 along horizontal slide rail 17,
Horizontal slide rail 17 is connected with loading frame 2, and the first jack 15 connects the first support base 16, the second jack 19 connection second
Support base 18, the connection transmission rod 20 of down cut box 7 and horizontal displacement meter 23, connection end 21 are aligned with horizontal addload axle 22,
Horizontal addload axle 22 connects the second servomotor 4；Upper box freezing liquid entrance 31, upper box freezing liquid outlet 32, lower box freezing liquid enter
Mouth 33, lower box freezing liquid outlet 34 are connected with refrigeration machine respectively, are freezed, are above cut for providing upper box sample 11 and lower box sample 14
Cut and freezing liquid pipeline 35 is equipped with box 6 and down cut box 7, flowed for freezing liquid inside upper shear box 6 and down cut box 7
Logical, freezing liquid uses alcohol；The pre-buried firing ring 36 in the inside of down cut box 7, the temperature for measuring lower box sample 14.Upper shear box
6 sizes are the wide 500mm of long 500mm, a height of 445mm of box wall of the upper shear box 6 of connection the first lateral spacing post 24 side, connection second
The a height of 155mm of box wall of the upper shear box 6 of the side of lateral spacing post 27, the size of down cut box 7 is the wide 500mm of long 500mm, the lower box of connection
The a height of 155mm of box wall of the down cut box 7 of the side of expansion board 13, the box wall of the down cut box 7 of connection transmission rod 20 side is a height of
445mm, it is 30 ° that ball axle, which arranges 12 inclination angles, and upper shear box 6 and down cut box 7 use the high alloy material of light weight intensity, and
Anodization preservative treatment is carried out, four angles of inwall of upper shear box 6 and down cut box 7 are circular design, and radius of corner is
30mm~60mm, upper shear box 6 can be slided along lower box expansion board 13, and the first lateral spacing post 24 can hang down along the first vertical slide rail 10
Straight to slide, the 3rd lateral spacing post 29 can be along the vertical sliding motion of the second vertical slide rail 30, the first servomotor 3 and the second servomotor 4
By the applying power of reaction frame 1, reaction frame 1 and loading frame 2 and increased pressure board 26 use high-strength stainless steel material, increased pressure board
Gap length between 26 and upper shear box 6 is 2mm~4mm, and ball axle row 12, lower box expansion board 13 and horizontal slide rail 17 are height
Intensity stainless steel material, and surface scribbles teflon.First servomotor 3 and the second servomotor 4 can be carried out
Fast forwarding and fast rewinding is operated, and can also carry out at the uniform velocity strain loading and stress loading, and strain shear rate is 0.02~5.00mm/min,
EIAJ is up to 1000kN, and measurement accuracy of exerting oneself is up to 0.5%FS, and stress shear rate is 100~600kN/min.Vertically
The maximum range of displacement meter 9 is 150mm, and measurement accuracy is up to 1mm, and the maximum range of horizontal displacement meter 23 is 170mm, measurement essence
Degree is up to 1mm.
The method of testing for measuring coarse-grained soil shearing strength under cryogenic conditions is as follows：
(1) according to certain water content, rock-soil ratio and density requirements, the soil body, rubble and water of respective quality are weighed, by soil
Body, rubble, water three be well mixed, as compound, be divided into uniform three parts it is standby；
(2) railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, upper shear box 6 is alignd down cut boxes 7 via ball axle row 12, by the
A compound is fitted into down cut box 7, and increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, and railcar 8 is being moved into Vertical loading axle 25 just
Lower section, starts the first jack 15 and the second jack 19, by the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 respectively with adding
Carry framework 2 to contact, make railcar 8 hanging, start the first servomotor 3, Vertical loading axle 25 is contacted the top cap of increased pressure board 26, press
It is required that applying pressure at right angle F, the corresponding shift value when display of vertical displacement meter 9 reaches the density of requirement stops loading；
(3) the first servomotor 3 is started, unloading makes Vertical loading axle 25 leave the top cap of increased pressure board 26, starts first very heavy
The jack 19 of top 15 and second, the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, make track
Car 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, and railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, takes out increased pressure board 26, by compound plucking, loads second
Part compound, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, and railcar 8 is moved to immediately below Vertical loading axle 25, starts first very heavy
The jack 19 of top 15 and second, the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 are contacted with loading frame 2 respectively, make track
Car 8 is hanging, starts the first servomotor 3, Vertical loading axle 25 is contacted the top cap of increased pressure board 26, applies pressure at right angle F on request,
The corresponding shift value when display of vertical displacement meter 9 reaches the density of requirement, stops loading；
(4) the first servomotor 3 is started, unloading makes Vertical loading axle 25 leave the top cap of increased pressure board 26, starts first very heavy
The jack 19 of top 15 and second, the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, make track
Car 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, and railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, takes out increased pressure board 26, by compound plucking, loads the 3rd
Part compound, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, and railcar 8 is moved to immediately below Vertical loading axle 25, starts first very heavy
The jack 19 of top 15 and second, the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 are contacted with loading frame 2 respectively, make track
Car 8 is hanging, starts the first servomotor 3, Vertical loading axle 25 is contacted the top cap of increased pressure board 26, applies pressure at right angle F on request,
The corresponding shift value when display of vertical displacement meter 9 reaches the density of requirement, keeps pressure at right angle F constant；
(5) the first lateral spacing post 24 and the second lateral spacing post 27 are connected with upper shear box 6 respectively, the second lateral spacing post 27 is passed through
Telescopic arm 28 is connected with the 3rd lateral spacing post 29, fixes shear box 6, start the second servomotor 4, make horizontal addload axle 22 with
Connection end 21 is connected；Refrigeration machine is opened, is respectively that upper box is tried by upper box freezing liquid entrance 31 and lower box freezing liquid entrance 33
Sample 11 and lower box sample 14 provide cryogenic freezing, when firing ring 36 indicates that temperature reaches the test temperature of requirement, on request
Equi-strain rate applies pulling force T by transmission rod 20, down cut box 7 is moved to the direction of the second servomotor 4, while using water
Flat displacement meter 23 measures the horizontal direction of shear box 6 in horizontal displacement S, holding and fixed, and upper shear box 6 passes through the first vertical slide rail 10
With the slide downward of the second vertical slide rail 30, make the output pressure of Vertical loading axle 25 according to F '=F-Ttg30 ° of change, and using vertical
Straight displacement meter 9 measures the vertical displacement S ' of increased pressure board 26, and ball axle row 12 slides along lower box expansion board 13, to avoid upper shear box
Upper box sample 11 inside 6 is spilt；
(6) experiment is stopped when horizontal displacement S increases to 75mm, in acquisitions at box sample 11 and the lower contact surface of box sample 14
+ Tsin30 ° of normal pressure f=F ' cos30 °, take f maximum fmax1, obtain shearing force T '=Tcos30 ° of-F ' at contact surface
Sin30 °, take T ' maximum of T 'max1；
(7) refrigeration machine is closed, unloads the first servomotor 3 by Vertical loading axle 25, the second servomotor 4 passes through water
Flat loading axis 22 applies thrust and promotes down cut box 7 to move so that upper shear box 6 is overlapped with down cut box 7, shear box on removal
6 and first lateral spacing post 24 and the second lateral spacing post 27 connection, start the first jack 15 and the second jack 19, by the first support
The support base 18 of base 16 and second departs from loading frame 2 respectively, railcar 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, by railcar 8
It is moved to by horizontal slide rail 17 on load sample platform 5, removal whole compound；
(8) pressure at right angle F value is changed, repeat step (2)-(7) obtain fmax2With T 'max2；
(9) pressure at right angle F value is changed again, repeat step (2)-(7) obtain fmax3With T 'max3；
(10) by fmax1With T 'max1、fmax2With T 'max2、fmax3With T 'max3Pass through connecing for upper box sample 11 and lower box sample 14
Contacting surface product is converted into stress, draws mole coulomb line, obtains coarse-grained soil compound Shear Strength Index under cryogenic conditions.
Advantage of the present invention：
The experimental rig that this method is used is simple to manufacture, and measurement accuracy is high, meet under the conditions of different vertical stress loading and
Consolidation and the requirement of oblique scissor test under low temperature control condition, can carry out strain controlling formula or the loading of Stress Control formula, Ke Yiliang
Structural shear strength of the large scale coarse-grained soil (including gravelly soil, soil-rock mixture and soil body) under the conditions of Different hypothermia is surveyed to survey
Examination.
The scope of application of the present invention：
The various accumulation bodies, coarse-grained soil, gravelly soil, soil-rock mixture, the cohesive soil that are run into suitable for civil engineering etc. are more
The consolidation characteristics under Rock And Soil indoor low temperature control condition, strength characteristics are planted to test.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for testing the experimental rig of coarse-grained soil shearing strength under cryogenic conditions.Wherein have：Instead
Power frame 1, loading frame 2, the first servomotor 3, the second servomotor 4, upper shear box 6, down cut box 7, railcar 8, vertically
Displacement meter 9, the first vertical slide rail 10, upper box sample 11, ball axle row 12, lower box expansion board 13, lower box sample 14, first is very heavy
Top 15, the first support base 16, horizontal slide rail 17, the second support base 18, the second jack 19, transmission rod 20, connection end
21, horizontal addload axle 22, horizontal displacement meter 23, the first lateral spacing post 24, Vertical loading axle 25, increased pressure board 26, the second lateral spacing post 27,
Telescopic arm 28, the 3rd lateral spacing post 29, the second vertical slide rail 30, upper box freezing liquid entrance 31, upper box freezing liquid outlet 32, lower box is cold
Freeze liquid entrance 33, lower box freezing liquid outlet 34 freezes liquid pipeline 35.
Fig. 2 is the AA left views for testing the structural representation of the experimental rig of coarse-grained soil shearing strength under cryogenic conditions
Figure.Wherein have：First servomotor 3, load sample platform 5, upper shear box 6, down cut box 7, railcar 8, upper box sample 11, lower box examination
Sample 14, increased pressure board 26.
Fig. 3 is for testing the upper shearing under cryogenic conditions in the structural representation of the experimental rig of coarse-grained soil shearing strength
The top view of box 6.Wherein there are upper shear box 6, upper box freezing liquid entrance 31.
Fig. 4 is for testing the down cut under cryogenic conditions in the structural representation of the experimental rig of coarse-grained soil shearing strength
The top view of box 7.Wherein there are down cut box 7, lower box expansion board 13, lower box freezing liquid entrance 33.
Embodiment：
Embodiment：Coarse-grained soil shearing strength test method is as follows under cryogenic conditions,
1. according to water content 15%, rock-soil ratio 20% and density 1.9g/cm3It is required that, weigh the soil body, the rubble of respective quality
And water, the soil body, rubble, water three are well mixed, as compound, be divided into uniform three parts it is standby；
2. railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, upper shear box 6 is alignd down cut boxes 7 via ball axle row 12, by the
A compound is fitted into down cut box 7, and increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, and railcar 8 is being moved into Vertical loading axle 25 just
Lower section, starts the first jack 15 and the second jack 19, by the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 respectively with adding
Carry framework 2 to contact, make railcar 8 hanging, start the first servomotor 3, Vertical loading axle 25 is contacted the top cap of increased pressure board 26, press
It is required that applying pressure at right angle F=400kN, the corresponding shift value when display of vertical displacement meter 9 reaches the density of requirement stops adding
Carry；
3. the first servomotor 3 is started, unloading makes Vertical loading axle 25 leave the top cap of increased pressure board 26, starts the first jack
15 and second jack 19, the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, make railcar
8 are contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, and railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, take out increased pressure board 26, by compound plucking, load second part
Compound, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, and railcar 8 is moved to immediately below Vertical loading axle 25, starts the first jack
15 and second jack 19, the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 are contacted with loading frame 2 respectively, make railcar
8 is hanging, starts the first servomotor 3, Vertical loading axle 25 is contacted the top cap of increased pressure board 26, applies pressure at right angle F=on request
400kN, the corresponding shift value when display of vertical displacement meter 9 reaches the density of requirement, stops loading；
4. the first servomotor 3 is started, unloading makes Vertical loading axle 25 leave the top cap of increased pressure board 26, starts the first jack
15 and second jack 19, the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 are departed from loading frame 2 respectively, make railcar
8 are contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, and railcar 8 is moved on load sample platform 5, take out increased pressure board 26, by compound plucking, load the 3rd part
Compound, increased pressure board 26 is placed on compound, and railcar 8 is moved to immediately below Vertical loading axle 25, starts the first jack
15 and second jack 19, the first support base 16 and the second support base 18 are contacted with loading frame 2 respectively, make railcar
8 is hanging, starts the first servomotor 3, Vertical loading axle 25 is contacted the top cap of increased pressure board 26, applies pressure at right angle F=on request
400kN, the corresponding shift value when display of vertical displacement meter 9 reaches the density of requirement, keeps pressure at right angle F=400kN constant；
5. the first lateral spacing post 24 and the second lateral spacing post 27 are connected with upper shear box 6 respectively, the second lateral spacing post 27 is passed through
Telescopic arm 28 is connected with the 3rd lateral spacing post 29, fixes shear box 6, start the second servomotor 4, make horizontal addload axle 22 with
Connection end 21 is connected,；Refrigeration machine is opened, is respectively that upper box is tried by upper box freezing liquid entrance 31 and lower box freezing liquid entrance 33
Sample 11 and lower box sample 14 provide cryogenic freezing, and when firing ring 36 indicates that temperature reaches subzero 10 DEG C, waiting on request is strained
Speed 1mm/min applies pulling force T by transmission rod 20, down cut box 7 is moved to the direction of the second servomotor 4, while using
Horizontal displacement meter 23 measures the horizontal direction of shear box 6 in horizontal displacement S, holding and fixed, and upper shear box 6 passes through the first vertical slide rail
10 and the slide downward of the second vertical slide rail 30, make the output pressure of Vertical loading axle 25 according to F '=F-Ttg30 ° of change, and use
Vertical displacement meter 9 measures the vertical displacement S ' of increased pressure board 26, and ball axle row 12 slides along lower box expansion board 13, to avoid upper shearing
Upper box sample 11 inside box 6 is spilt；
6. experiment is stopped when horizontal displacement S increases to 75mm, in acquisitions at box sample 11 and the lower contact surface of box sample 14
+ Tsin30 ° of normal pressure f=F ' cos30 °, take f maximum fmax1, obtain shearing force T '=Tcos30 ° of-F ' at contact surface
Sin30 °, take T ' maximum of T 'max1；
7. refrigeration machine is closed, the first servomotor 3 is unloaded by Vertical loading axle 25, the second servomotor 4 passes through water
Flat loading axis 22 applies thrust and promotes down cut box 7 to move so that upper shear box 6 is overlapped with down cut box 7, shear box on removal
6 and first lateral spacing post 24 and the second lateral spacing post 27 connection, start the first jack 15 and the second jack 19, by the first support
The support base 18 of base 16 and second departs from loading frame 2 respectively, railcar 8 is contacted with horizontal slide rail 17, by railcar 8
It is moved to by horizontal slide rail 17 on load sample platform 5, removal whole compound；
8. change pressure at right angle F=600kN, repeat step 2. -7., obtain fmax2With T 'max2；
9. again change pressure at right angle F=800kN, repeat step 2. -7., obtain fmax3With T 'max3；
10. by fmax1With T 'max1、fmax2With T 'max2、fmax3With T 'max3Pass through contact of the upper box sample 11 with lower box sample 14
Area is converted into stress, draws mole coulomb line, obtains the Shear Strength Index of coarse-grained soil compound under the conditions of subzero 10 DEG C.
Claims (1)
1. coarse-grained soil shearing strength test method under a kind of cryogenic conditions, it is characterized in that carrying out low temperature bar using a kind of test device
Coarse grain soil classifiction is tested under part, and the device includes reaction frame (1), loading frame (2), the first servomotor (3), second
Servomotor (4), load sample platform (5), upper shear box (6), down cut box (7), railcar (8), vertical displacement meter (9), first hangs down
Straight slide rail (10), upper box sample (11), ball axle row (12), lower box expansion board (13), lower box sample (14), the first jack
(15), the first support base (16), horizontal slide rail (17), the second support base (18), the second jack (19), transmission rod
(20), connection end (21), horizontal addload axle (22), horizontal displacement meter (23), the first lateral spacing post (24), Vertical loading axle
(25), increased pressure board (26), the second lateral spacing post (27), telescopic arm (28), the 3rd lateral spacing post (29), the second vertical slide rail (30), on
Box freezing liquid entrance (31), upper box freezing liquid exports (32), lower box freezing liquid entrance (33), and lower box freezing liquid exports (34), cold
Freeze liquid pipeline (35), firing ring (36)；First servomotor (3) connection Vertical loading axle (25), Vertical loading axle (25) is provided
Pressure at right angle, increased pressure board (26) connection vertical displacement meter (9), increased pressure board (26) are tried positioned at increased pressure board (26) above positioned at upper box
The top surface of sample (11), upper shear box (6) is fixed by the first lateral spacing post (24) and the second lateral spacing post (27), and the first lateral spacing post (24) is even
The first vertical slide rail (10) is connect, the second lateral spacing post (27) is connected by telescopic arm (28) with the 3rd lateral spacing post (29), the 3rd lateral spacing
Post (29) connects the second vertical slide rail (30), and upper shear box (6) is directed at down cut box (7), upper shearing by ball axle row (12)
Installed in box (6) and lower box sample (14) is installed in box sample (11), down cut box (7), the lower box extension of down cut box (7) connection
Plate (13), down cut box (7) connection railcar (8), railcar (8) can be moved on load sample platform (5) along horizontal slide rail (17),
Horizontal slide rail (17) is connected with loading frame (2), and the first jack (15) connects the first support base (16), the second jack
(19) the second support base of connection (18), down cut box (7) connection transmission rod (20) and horizontal displacement meter (23), connection end
(21) it is aligned with horizontal addload axle (22), horizontal addload axle (22) connects the second servomotor (4)；Upper box freezing liquid entrance
(31), upper box freezing liquid outlet (32), lower box freezing liquid entrance (33), lower box freezing liquid outlet (34) connect with refrigeration machine respectively
Connect, freeze, be equipped with upper shear box (6) and down cut box (7) cold for providing upper box sample (11) and lower box sample (14)
Freeze liquid pipeline (35), for freezing liquid in upper shear box (6) and down cut box (7) internal circulation, freezing liquid uses alcohol；Under cut
Cut the internal pre-buried firing ring (36) of box (7), the temperature for measuring lower box sample (14)；Upper shear box (6) size is long 500mm
Wide 500mm, connects a height of 445mm of box wall of the upper shear box (6) of first lateral spacing post (24) side, connects the second lateral spacing post (27)
The a height of 155mm of box wall of the upper shear box (6) of side, down cut box (7) size is the wide 500mm of long 500mm, the lower box extension of connection
The a height of 155mm of box wall of the down cut box (7) of plate (13) side, connects the box wall of the down cut box (7) of transmission rod (20) side
A height of 445mm, ball axle row (12) inclination angle is 30 °, and upper shear box (6) and down cut box (7) are high using light weight intensity
Four angles of inwall of alloy material, and progress anodization preservative treatment, upper shear box (6) and down cut box (7) set for circle
Meter, radius of corner is 30mm~60mm, and upper shear box (6) can be slided along lower box expansion board (13), and the first lateral spacing post (24) can
With along the first vertical slide rail (10) vertical sliding motion, the 3rd lateral spacing post (29) can along the second vertical slide rail (30) vertical sliding motion,
One servomotor (3) and the second servomotor (4) by reaction frame (1) applying power, reaction frame (1) and loading frame (2) and
Increased pressure board (26) uses high-strength stainless steel material, gap length between increased pressure board (26) and upper shear box (6) be 2mm~
4mm, ball axle row (12), lower box expansion board (13) and horizontal slide rail (17) are high-strength stainless steel material, and surface is applied
There is teflon；First servomotor (3) and the second servomotor (4) can carry out fast forwarding and fast rewinding operation, can also enter
Row at the uniform velocity strain loading and stress loading, strain shear rate is 0.02~5.00mm/min, and EIAJ goes out up to 1000kN
Power measurement accuracy is up to 0.5%FS, and stress shear rate is 100~600kN/min；The maximum range of vertical displacement meter (9) is
150mm, measurement accuracy is up to 1mm, and the maximum range of horizontal displacement meter (23) is 170mm, and measurement accuracy is up to 1mm；
The method of testing for measuring coarse-grained soil shearing strength under cryogenic conditions is as follows：
1. according to certain water content, rock-soil ratio and density requirements, the soil body, rubble and water of respective quality are weighed, by the soil body, broken
Stone, water three be well mixed, as compound, be divided into uniform three parts it is standby；
2. railcar (8) is moved on load sample platform (5), by upper shear box (6) via ball axle row (12) alignment down cut box
(7), first part of compound is fitted into down cut box (7), increased pressure board (26) is placed on compound, railcar (8) is moved to
Immediately below Vertical loading axle (25), start the first jack (15) and the second jack (19), by the first support base (16) and
Second support base (18) is contacted with loading frame (2) respectively, makes railcar (8) vacantly, is started the first servomotor (3), is made
Vertical loading axle (25) contacts increased pressure board (26) top cap, applies pressure at right angle F on request, treats that vertical displacement meter (9) display reaches
It is required that density when corresponding shift value, stop loading；
3. the first servomotor (3) is started, unloading makes Vertical loading axle (25) leave increased pressure board (26) top cap, starts first very heavy
Push up (15) and the second jack (19), by the first support base (16) and the second support base (18) respectively with loading frame (2)
Depart from, railcar (8) is contacted with horizontal slide rail (17), railcar (8) is moved on load sample platform (5), take out increased pressure board (26),
By compound plucking, load second part of compound, increased pressure board (26) is placed on compound, railcar (8) is moved into vertical add
Carry immediately below axle (25), start the first jack (15) and the second jack (19), by the first support base (16) and second
Support base (18) is contacted with loading frame (2) respectively, is made railcar (8) vacantly, is started the first servomotor (3), makes vertical add
Axle (25) contact increased pressure board (26) top cap is carried, applies pressure at right angle F on request, treats that vertical displacement meter (9) display reaches requirement
Corresponding shift value during density, stops loading；
4. the first servomotor (3) is started, unloading makes Vertical loading axle (25) leave increased pressure board (26) top cap, starts first very heavy
Push up (15) and the second jack (19), by the first support base (16) and the second support base (18) respectively with loading frame (2)
Depart from, railcar (8) is contacted with horizontal slide rail (17), railcar (8) is moved on load sample platform (5), take out increased pressure board (26),
By compound plucking, load the 3rd part of compound, increased pressure board (26) is placed on compound, railcar (8) is moved into vertical add
Carry immediately below axle (25), start the first jack (15) and the second jack (19), by the first support base (16) and second
Support base (18) is contacted with loading frame (2) respectively, is made railcar (8) vacantly, is started the first servomotor (3), makes vertical add
Axle (25) contact increased pressure board (26) top cap is carried, applies pressure at right angle F on request, treats that vertical displacement meter (9) display reaches requirement
Corresponding shift value during density, keeps pressure at right angle F constant；
5. the first lateral spacing post (24) and the second lateral spacing post (27) are connected with upper shear box (6) respectively, by the second lateral spacing post (27)
It is connected by telescopic arm (28) with the 3rd lateral spacing post (29), makes shear box (6) fixed, is started the second servomotor (4), make water
Flat loading axis (22) is connected with connection end (21)；Refrigeration machine is opened, passes through upper box freezing liquid entrance (31) and lower box freezing liquid
Entrance (33) is respectively that upper box sample (11) and lower box sample (14) provide cryogenic freezing, treats that firing ring (36) indicates that temperature reaches
It is required that test temperature when, equi-strain rate on request applies pulling force T by transmission rod (20), makes down cut box (7) to the
Two servomotors (4) direction is moved, while measuring shear box (6) level in horizontal displacement S, holding using horizontal displacement meter (23)
Direction is fixed, and upper shear box (6) makes Vertical loading by the first vertical slide rail (10) and the second vertical slide rail (30) slide downward
Axle (25) output pressure uses the vertical position of vertical displacement meter (9) measurement increased pressure board (26) according to F '=F-Ttg30 ° of change
S ' is moved, ball axle row (12) slides along lower box expansion board (13), to avoid the internal upper box sample (11) of upper shear box (6) from leaking
Go out；
6. experiment is stopped when horizontal displacement S increases to 75mm, in acquisitions at box sample (11) and lower box sample (14) contact surface
+ Tsin30 ° of normal pressure f=F ' cos30 °, take f maximum fmax1, obtain shearing force T '=Tcos30 ° of-F ' at contact surface
Sin30 °, take T ' maximum of T 'max1；
7. refrigeration machine is closed, the first servomotor (3) is unloaded by Vertical loading axle (25), the second servomotor (4) passes through
Horizontal addload axle (22) applies thrust and promotes down cut box (7) mobile so that upper shear box (6) is overlapped with down cut box (7), is unloaded
Except the connection of upper shear box (6) and the first lateral spacing post (24) and the second lateral spacing post (27), start the first jack (15) and second
Jack (19), the first support base (16) and the second support base (18) are departed from loading frame (2) respectively, make railcar
(8) contacted with horizontal slide rail (17), railcar (8) is moved on load sample platform (5) by horizontal slide rail (17), removal is all mixed
Close material；
8. change pressure at right angle F value, repeat step 2. -7., obtain fmax2With T 'max2；
9. change pressure at right angle F value again, repeat step 2. -7., obtain fmax3With T 'max3；
10. by fmax1With T 'max1、fmax2With T 'max2、fmax3With T 'max3Pass through contact of the upper box sample (11) with lower box sample (14)
Area is converted into stress, draws mole coulomb line, obtains coarse-grained soil compound Shear Strength Index under cryogenic conditions.
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| CN108535122B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2021-03-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Clay medium strength parameter fluctuation range determination method |
| CN109060560A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-21 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of Rock And Soil shear creep test instrument and test method considering Frozen-thawed cycled |
| CN113203734A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-03 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Shearing and damaging experimental method for granular materials of particles |
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| CN102323166A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-01-18 | 河海大学 | Cascade circular inclined plane shearing apparatus |
| CN103175742B (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2016-04-27 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of frozen soil dynamic loading direct shear apparatus |
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