CN103788480A - 汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物及其制备和使用 - Google Patents

汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物及其制备和使用 Download PDF

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CN103788480A
CN103788480A CN201310727868.7A CN201310727868A CN103788480A CN 103788480 A CN103788480 A CN 103788480A CN 201310727868 A CN201310727868 A CN 201310727868A CN 103788480 A CN103788480 A CN 103788480A
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micro
polypropylene
polypropylene composite
composite
automotive trim
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孙刚
李国明
陈延安
李志平
程文超
周英辉
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Shanghai Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
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    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
    • C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
    • C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08L23/14—Copolymers of propene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物及其制备和使用。所述的汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物，其特征在于，由包括聚丙烯80-44wt％、乙烯/辛烯共聚物(POE)5-15wt％、茂金属聚丙烯弹性体5-15wt％、滑石粉10-25wt％以及热稳定剂0-1wt％的原料制成。本发明产品具有优异的刚性、耐热性、耐冲击性以及极低的密度。将其微发泡化后，经检测闭孔率≥90％，拉伸强度≥20MPa，弯曲模量≥1500MPa，常温(23℃)缺口冲击强度≥30KJ/m2，热变形温度≥100℃，密度≤0.9g/10min。满足汽车内饰用微发泡聚丙烯的要求。

Description

汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物及其制备和使用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物及其制备方法，属于高分子材料及其成型加工领域。
背景技术
聚丙烯由于原料来源丰富、力学性能优异、容易回收以及无毒环保的特点，在汽车工业中广泛用于制备保险杠、仪表板、门板等汽车内外饰，为汽车工业的发展做出了重要贡献。但是随着汽车工业的发展，对汽车材料轻量化的要求进一步提高，微发泡聚丙烯材料以其内部均匀封闭的微发泡泡孔结构既达到汽车材料轻量化的目的，又提高了材料刚性，提高制件表面质量，消除缩痕，消除内应力减少制件翘曲，缩短注塑周期。
汽车内饰如门板、仪表板、立柱材料等一般采用聚丙烯加滑石粉和乙烯辛烯共聚物弹性体(POE)改性制备，随着汽车轻量化技术的发展，汽车内饰件微发泡注塑成为必然的趋势，传统的汽车内饰用聚丙烯材料在微发泡注塑的过程中由于聚丙烯和乙烯辛烯共聚物弹性体的相容性问题，容易导致泡孔过早破裂，不能形成均匀密实的闭孔结构的微发泡。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种高闭孔率的微发泡注塑的聚丙烯复合物及其制备方法。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物，其特征在于，由包括聚丙烯80-44wt％、乙烯/辛烯共聚物(POE)5-15wt％、茂金属聚丙烯弹性体5-15wt％、滑石粉10-25wt％以及热稳定剂0-1wt％的原料制成。
优选地，所述的热稳定剂为酚类、胺类、亚磷酸酯类、半受阻酚类、丙烯酰基官能团与硫代酯的复合物类或杯芳烃类中热稳定剂的一种或两种以上的混合物。
优选地，所述的茂金属聚丙烯弹性体为丙烯含量在80-99％，熔体流动速率在0.5-100g/10min之间的茂金属弹性体。
优选地，所述的聚丙烯选用熔体流动速率为0.01～100g/10min的均聚PP、共聚PP或其混合物。
本发明还提供了上述汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤包括：将聚丙烯、热稳定剂、POE、茂金属聚丙烯弹性体和滑石粉在长径比为40∶1的双螺杆挤出机中熔融混合分散，挤出造粒，最终得到汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物。
优选地，所述的挤出温度为170-240℃。
本发明还提供了上述汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物的使用方法，其特征在于，具体步骤包括：在上述汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物100重量份中添加ADC发泡剂0.1-1.0重量份混合均匀，采用普通注塑机注塑，实现聚丙烯复合物的微发泡化。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明产品具有优异的刚性、耐热性、耐冲击性以及极低的密度。将其微发泡化后，经检测闭孔率≥90％，拉伸强度≥20MPa，弯曲模量≥1500MPa，常温(23℃)缺口冲击强度≥30KJ/m2，热变形温度≥100℃，密度≤0.9g/10min。满足汽车内饰用微发泡聚丙烯的要求。
2、本发明采用茂金属聚丙烯弹性体和乙烯基弹性体(POE)协效增韧的技术，解决了传统的单纯乙烯基弹性体(POE)与聚丙烯相容性不良导致的微发泡过程中泡孔过早破裂弊端，提高了橡胶相和聚丙烯塑料相的相容性。
具体实施方式
为使本发明更明显易懂，兹以优选实施例，作详细说明如下。
对比例1
将72.8公斤PP M2600R、12公斤POE DF610、15公斤3000目滑石粉、0.1公斤酚类热稳定剂1010以及0.1公斤磷酸酯类热稳定剂168在长径比为40∶1的双螺杆挤出机中熔融混合分散，挤出机各段温度设置在200℃、220℃、220℃、230℃、230℃、240℃，挤出造粒，最终得到产品。
产品混合0.5％的ADC发泡剂后注塑标准力学性能样条，测试性能。
按相应标准测试其性能，列表如下：
性能 单位 测试标准 测试结果
闭孔率 ％ GB10799 45
密度(23℃) g/cm3 ISO1183 0.95
HDT(0.45MPa) ℃ IS075/1-93 101
拉伸强度 MPa IS0527/2-93 18
弯曲模量 MPa IS0178/2-93 1605
缺口冲击强度 KJ/m2 IS0179/2-93 30
实施例1
一种汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物，由包括聚丙烯、乙烯/辛烯共聚物(POE)、茂金属聚丙烯弹性体、滑石粉以及热稳定剂的原料制成。其制备方法为：将72.8公斤PP M2600R、6公斤POE DF610、6公斤茂金属聚丙烯弹性体VM6202(埃克森美孚)、15公斤3000目滑石粉、0.1公斤酚类热稳定剂1010以及0.1公斤磷酸酯类热稳定剂168在长径比为40∶1的双螺杆挤出机中熔融混合分散，挤出机各段温度设置在200℃、220℃、220℃、230℃、230℃、240℃，挤出造粒，最终得到汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物。
在汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物100重量份中添加ADC发泡剂0.5重量份混合均匀，采用普通注塑机注塑标准力学性能样条，实现聚丙烯复合物的微发泡化，所得产品按相应标准测试其性能，列表如下：
性能 单位 测试标准 测试结果
闭孔率 ％ GB10799 91
密度(23℃) g/cm3 ISO1183 0.82
HDT(0.45MPa) ℃ IS075/1-93 105
拉伸强度 MPa IS0527/2-93 20
弯曲模量 MPa IS0178/2-93 1650
缺口冲击强度 KJ/m2 IS0179/2-93 35
实施例2
一种汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物，由包括聚丙烯、乙烯/辛烯共聚物(POE)、茂金属聚丙烯弹性体、滑石粉以及热稳定剂的原料制成。其制备方法为：将32.5公斤PP K7760H、30公斤PP BX3900、9公斤POE7447、8公斤茂金属聚丙烯弹性体VM6102(埃克森美孚)、20公斤3000目滑石粉、0.2公斤酚类热稳定剂1010以及0.3公斤磷酸酯类热稳定剂168在长径比为40∶1的双螺杆挤出机中熔融混合分散，挤出机各段温度设置在200℃、220℃、220℃、230℃、230℃、240℃，挤出造粒，最终到汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物。
在汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物100重量份中添加ADC发泡剂0.5重量份混合均匀，采用普通注塑机注塑标准力学性能样条，实现聚丙烯复合物的微发泡化，所得产品按相应标准测试其性能，列表如下：
性能 单位 测试标准 测试结果
闭孔率 ％ GB10799 94
密度(23℃) g/cm3 ISO1183 0.86
HDT(0.45MPa) ℃ IS075/1-93 108
拉伸强度 MPa IS0527/2-93 22
弯曲模量 MPa IS0178/2-93 1850
缺口冲击强度 KJ/m2 IS0179/2-93 38
实施例3
一种汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物，由包括聚丙烯、乙烯/辛烯共聚物(POE)、茂金属聚丙烯弹性体、滑石粉以及热稳定剂的原料制成。其制备方法为：将30公斤PP BX3920、21公斤PP BX3900、12公斤POE8842、11公斤茂金属聚丙烯弹性体VM3980(埃克森美孚)、25公斤3000目滑石粉、0.5公斤酚类热稳定剂1010以及0.5公斤磷酸酯类热稳定剂168在长径比为40∶1的双螺杆挤出机中熔融混合分散，挤出机各段温度设置在200℃、220℃、220℃、230℃、230℃、240℃，挤出造粒，最终得到汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物。
在汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物100重量份中添加ADC发泡剂0.5重量份混合均匀，采用普通注塑机注塑标准力学性能样条，实现聚丙烯复合物的微发泡化，所得产品按相应标准测试其性能，列表如下：
性能 单位 测试标准 测试结果
闭孔率 ％ GB10799 97
密度(23℃) g/cm3 ISO1183 0.89
HDT(0.45MPa) ℃ IS075/1-93 112
拉伸强度 MPa IS0527/2-93 23
弯曲模量 MPa IS0178/2-93 1950
缺口冲击强度 KJ/m2 IS0179/2-93 42

Claims (7)

1.一种汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物，其特征在于，由包括聚丙烯80-44wt％、乙烯/辛烯共聚物5-15wt％、茂金属聚丙烯弹性体5-15wt％、滑石粉10-25wt％以及热稳定剂0-1wt％的原料制成。
2.如权利要求1所述的汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物，其特征在于，所述的热稳定剂为酚类、胺类、亚磷酸酯类、半受阻酚类、丙烯酰基官能团与硫代酯的复合物类或杯芳烃类中热稳定剂的一种或两种以上的混合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物，其特征在于，所述的茂金属聚丙烯弹性体为丙烯含量在80-99％，熔体流动速率在0.5-100g/10min之间的茂金属弹性体。
4.如权利要求1所述的汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物，其特征在于，所述的聚丙烯选用熔体流动速率为0.01～100g/10min的均聚PP、共聚PP或其混合物。
5.权利要求1-4任一项所述的汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤包括：按比例将聚丙烯、热稳定剂、POE、茂金属聚丙烯弹性体和滑石粉在长径比为40∶1的双螺杆挤出机中熔融混合分散，挤出造粒，最终得到汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物。
6.如权利要求5所述的汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的挤出温度为170-240℃。
7.权利要求1-4任一项所述的汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物的使用方法，其特征在于，具体步骤包括：在上述汽车内饰用微发泡注塑聚丙烯复合物100重量份中添加ADC发泡剂0.1-1.0重量份混合均匀，采用普通注塑机注塑，实现聚丙烯复合物的微发泡化。
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