CN103788082A - 阿瑞匹坦ⅲ晶型物的制备方法 - Google Patents

阿瑞匹坦ⅲ晶型物的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103788082A
CN103788082A CN201210422307.1A CN201210422307A CN103788082A CN 103788082 A CN103788082 A CN 103788082A CN 201210422307 A CN201210422307 A CN 201210422307A CN 103788082 A CN103788082 A CN 103788082A
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王鑫
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TIANJIN CHEMPHARMATECH Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了阿瑞匹坦(Aprepitant CAS NO.170729-80-3)III晶型物的制备方法。

Description

阿瑞匹坦Ⅲ晶型物的制备方法
背景技术
化合物5-[[(2R,3S)-2-[(1R)-1-[3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基]乙氧基]-3-(4-氟苯基)-4-吗啉基]甲基]-1,2-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮的通式(I)为: 
Figure BSA00000796698400011
阿瑞匹坦是美国Merck公司研发的P物质/神经激肽1(NK1)受体拮抗剂中唯一一个获准应用于临床的品种。2003年3月经美国FDA批准上市,商品名Emend。对高致吐性抗肿瘤化疗药物(包括大剂量顺铂治疗方案)所导致的急性和迟发性恶心、呕吐反应有较好的预防作用。它将成为未来化疗止吐药物临床应用关注的焦点。 
已知路线举例: 
现有技术(1)Brands,K.M.J.;Payack.J.F.;Rosen.J.D.;Todd D.Nelson,T.D.;Candelario,A.;Huffman,M.A.;Zhao,M.M.;Li,J.;Craig,B.;Song,Z.J.;Tschaen,M.D.;Hansen,K.;Devine,P.N.;Pye,P.J.;Rossen,K.;Dormer,P.G;Reamer,R.A.;Welch,C.J.;Mathre,D.J.;Tsou,N.N.;Mcnamara,J.M.and Reider,P.J.;J.Am.Chem.Soc.2003,125,2129-2135.(2)Cowden,C.J.;Wilson,R.D.;Bishop,B.C.;Cottrell,I.F.;Davies,A.J.;Dolling,U.-H. Tetrahedron Lett.2000,41,8661-8664. 
已知路线较长,有7-12步,总收率相应的就降低了。其中所用试剂DIBALH既昂贵,又难以操作,其他使用剧毒品氰化钠,及贵金属铑,安全隐患的叠氮化合物及昂贵的三(仲丁基)硼氢化锂,生产过程既不安全,成本又高。 
以4-苄基-2-羟基-吗啉-3-酮为起始原料,通过与三氟乙酸酐作用后在三氟化硼作用下得到一对非对映异构体。此工艺只用三步就可以合成阿瑞匹坦,步骤较以上所述工艺路线短,所用的原料也不昂贵,每一步的收率也比较高,适合工业生产放大。 
由于仪器、样品和样品制备的差异,报告峰值在峰值前使用修饰语“约”。鉴于峰值的固有变化,这是固态化学领域的惯用做法。粉末衍射图谱峰的2θX-轴值的通常精确度在±0.1°2θ级别上。峰强度的变化是各晶体在样品容器中相对于外部X-射线如何取向的结果。取向作用不提供关于晶体的结构信息。 
X-射线粉末衍射技术仅仅是可以用于表征和/鉴别结晶固体形式的若干分析技术之一。光谱技术例如拉曼光谱(包括显微镜拉曼光谱)、红外光谱和固态NMR光谱可用于表征和/鉴别结晶固体形式。这些技术也可以用于对混合物中的一种或多种固体结晶方式进行定量。 
附图1是阿瑞匹坦III晶型物X-射线粉末衍射图 
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供该化合物的新晶型,其具有很好的温度、适度稳定性,且不含有任何溶剂和水分,适合制剂工艺过程和长期储存。本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种该化合物的新晶型的制备方法。 
本发明该化合物的I晶型,其特征在于如下粉末衍射图,应用仪器:美国PE公司PHI-5400型。测试方法:电压:46kv电流:40mA铜kα辐射λ: 用谱线位置(Bragg’s 2θ角,以度表示)、谱线高度(以计数表示),相对丰度(以百分比表示),晶面间距离d(以 
Figure BSA00000796698400022
表示)表示: 
本发明该化合物的III晶型,其特征在于如下粉末衍射图,应用仪器:美国PE公司PHI-5400型。测试方法:电压:46kv电流:40mA铜kα辐射λ: 用谱线位置(Bragg’s2θ角,以度表示)、谱线高度(以计数表示),相对丰度(以百分比表示),晶面间距离d(以 
Figure BSA00000796698400024
表示)表示: 
本发明的方法中,采用如下所述的制备方法获得该化合物: 
Figure BSA00000796698400031
具体实施方式
实施例1 
步骤1:合成化合物3 
将80g乙腈加入100ml反应瓶中,搅拌,然后将4-苄基-2-羟基-吗啉-3-酮10g加入。冷却至20℃,加入9.2g三氟醋酸酐。20-35℃加入(R)-1-(3,5-双三氟甲基苯基)乙醇10.5g的乙腈(20g)溶液,加入3.5g三氟化硼乙醚,20-40℃搅拌2小时。HPLC转化率大于90%时,缓慢加入提前配制好的5M的氢氧化钠水溶液40ml,温度小于25℃。加入四氢芳樟醇8g,减压浓缩,将乙腈浓缩干。向浓缩液中加入正庚烷45g和水20g,过滤,分液水相弃。将有机相常压蒸馏,当收集到原体积的1/10时,冷却至0~10℃,析晶。过滤,减压烘干,得化合 物3白色粉末共10g。收率50%。 
步骤2:合成化合物4 
将镁屑4.8g加入200ml反应瓶中,加入无水四氢呋喃24g。一粒碘引发后,混合溶液(4-溴氟苯3g,无水四氢呋喃3g)。反应液冷却至20℃,滴加四氢呋喃溶液(化合物3共5g,四氢呋喃6g),控制温度20-25℃滴加至35g的甲醇中,控制温度0~10℃。将对甲苯磺酸的甲醇溶液(对甲苯磺酸6.5g,甲醇16g)滴加至上述反应液中,反应液温度0-10℃。滴加完毕,加入钯炭3g。将反应液转移至100ml的氢化瓶中。反应温度小于20-35℃。过滤,浓缩,加入甲基异丁基甲酮40g,碳酸氢钠(碳酸氢钠4.2g,水50g)。分液,下层的水相弃。向有机相中滴加浓盐酸1.5g,减压浓缩。过滤,得到的产品白色粉末4g。收率:78%。 
合成化合物:阿瑞匹坦 
Figure BSA00000796698400042
将化合物43.2g,碳酸钾4.0g,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺11.2g,加入500mL反应瓶中。将化合物5(5-(氯甲基)-1,2-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮盐酸盐)1.4g和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺10g混合后,滴加至反应液中。5小时后,停止反应。过滤,用适量N,N-二甲基甲酰胺洗滤饼。将50g水加至滤液中,搅拌过夜。过滤,得阿瑞匹坦粗品6.6g。 
将上述得到粉末2.4g加入10ml含1-4%(V/V)水的甲醇中,加热至回流,同时搅拌,至完全溶解,然后冷却至25-30℃,发现有晶体析出,抽滤,保留晶体,然后直接于55℃烘箱烘干。取获得的晶体粉末用PHI-5400型X射线光电子分析仪(可购自美国PE公司)进行检测,测试参数为:电压:46kv,电流:40mA,铜kα辐射,λ: 
Figure BSA00000796698400043
检测结果如图1和表1所示,表明用该方法能够获得稳定的IIII型单晶。 
表1III型晶体的峰列表 
Figure BSA00000796698400051
实施例2 
本发明的晶体和现有技术的化合物的稳定性比较 
本实施例描述了本发明的晶体(实施例1制备的I型晶体,编号为样品1)和根据现有技术(1) Brands,K.M.J.;Payack.J.F.;Rosen.J.D.;Todd D.Nelson,T.D.;Candelario,A.;Huffman,M.A.;Zhao,M.M.;Li,J.;Craig,B.;Song,Z.J.;Tschaen,M.D.;Hansen,K.;Devine,P.N.;Pye,P.J.;Rossen,K.;Dormer,P.G;Reamer,R.A.;Welch,C.J.;Mathre,D.J.;Tsou,N.N.;Mcnamara,J.M.and Reider,P.J.;J.Am.Chem.Soc.2003,125,2129-2135.,编号为样品2(2)Cowden,C.J.;Wilson,R.D.;Bishop,B.C.;Cottrell,I.F.;Davies,A.J.;Dolling,U.-H.TetrahedronLett.2000,41,8661-8664.编号为样品3)制备的该化合物的稳定性对比实验。 
在65温度下进行高温稳定性测试,结果如下,这表明本发明的晶体比现有技术更加具有高温稳定性。 
 样品1   主峰面积   杂质B   杂质C   杂质A
 36h   99.05   0.32   0.20   0.40
 48h   98.94   0.42   0.20   0.41
 样品2   主峰面积   杂质B   杂质C   杂质A
 36h   98.65   0.42   0.20   0.40
 48h   98.04   0.52   0.32   0.41
 样品3   主峰面积   杂质B   杂质C   杂质A
 36h   98.55   0.42   0.20   0.40
 48h   97.94   0.62   0.40   0.41

Claims (6)

1.阿瑞匹坦(Aprepitant CAS NO.170729-80-3)III晶型物的制备方法。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物阿瑞匹坦III晶型物,其特征在于,X-粉末衍射图表明在约12.0°,15.3°,16.6°,17.0°,17.1°,17.6°,19.4°,20.0°,20.6°,21.9°,23.5°,23.8°,24.8°,25.4°,25.7°,29.2°,41.9°(2θ)处有关键的反射。
3.权利书要求III晶型物具有基本如图1的X-粉末衍射图谱。
4.权利书要求1所述的III晶型物从溶液中结晶出来,溶剂优选醇类(碳原子小于4的低级醇),乙腈,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,最优选甲醇。
5.权利书要求1-4所述的III晶型物从溶液中加热溶解,降温后析出晶体,析晶温度优选40-0℃,进一步优选30-10℃,最优选25℃。
6.权利书要求1-5所述的III晶型物从溶液中加热溶解,降温后析出晶体,析晶时间1-20小时,进一步优选3-15℃,最优选5-8小时。 
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CN104327009A (zh) * 2014-09-24 2015-02-04 山东省药学科学院 一种阿瑞匹坦关键中间体的精制方法
CN104557760A (zh) * 2015-01-28 2015-04-29 武汉励合生物医药科技有限公司 阿瑞吡坦中间体的制备方法
CN106397349A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 安徽省润生医药股份有限公司 一种阿瑞吡坦中间体及其制备方法
CN106588809A (zh) * 2016-09-23 2017-04-26 江苏富泽药业有限公司 一种吗啉衍生物的制备方法
CN109467552A (zh) * 2019-01-14 2019-03-15 成都晶富医药科技有限公司 阿瑞匹坦的制备工艺
CN109516964A (zh) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-26 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 一种阿瑞匹坦中间体的制备方法
CN112500363A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-03-16 中山奕安泰医药科技有限公司 阿瑞匹坦中间体的精制方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104327009A (zh) * 2014-09-24 2015-02-04 山东省药学科学院 一种阿瑞匹坦关键中间体的精制方法
CN104557760A (zh) * 2015-01-28 2015-04-29 武汉励合生物医药科技有限公司 阿瑞吡坦中间体的制备方法
CN106397349A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 安徽省润生医药股份有限公司 一种阿瑞吡坦中间体及其制备方法
CN106588809A (zh) * 2016-09-23 2017-04-26 江苏富泽药业有限公司 一种吗啉衍生物的制备方法
CN106588809B (zh) * 2016-09-23 2018-12-25 江苏富泽药业有限公司 一种吗啉衍生物的制备方法
CN109516964A (zh) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-26 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 一种阿瑞匹坦中间体的制备方法
CN109516964B (zh) * 2017-09-19 2022-05-31 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 一种阿瑞匹坦中间体的制备方法
CN109467552A (zh) * 2019-01-14 2019-03-15 成都晶富医药科技有限公司 阿瑞匹坦的制备工艺
CN112500363A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-03-16 中山奕安泰医药科技有限公司 阿瑞匹坦中间体的精制方法

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Application publication date: 20140514