CN103775070B - A kind of full-scale wellbore stability simulator - Google Patents
A kind of full-scale wellbore stability simulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103775070B CN103775070B CN201410012207.0A CN201410012207A CN103775070B CN 103775070 B CN103775070 B CN 103775070B CN 201410012207 A CN201410012207 A CN 201410012207A CN 103775070 B CN103775070 B CN 103775070B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of full-scale wellbore stability simulator, it comprises the sealing rubber cover (18) that is set in rock core outside, axial compression piston is all installed at sealing rubber cover (18) two ends, in axial compression piston, arrange the borehole wall visual with imaging system and stratum slide wave sound velocity test system, the outer cover of sealing rubber cover (18) is equipped with HTHP kettle (28), confined pressure entrance (29) connects confined pressure regulating system, upper axial compression piston (6) is connected respectively the high pressure line connection high-pressure slurry circulatory system with lower axial compression piston (7) and is connected hole pressure system with high pressure line, upper axial compression piston (6) also connects burden pressure control system. the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can simulate more truly subsurface environment, dynamically evaluation well wall stable case, can change circulatory mediator, contributes to preferred drilling mode and drilling fluid system, the energy nearly borehole wall stratum permeability of overall merit and acoustic wave of rock characteristic, realize borehole wall imaging, observe more directly perceived, practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to analog study wellbore stability experimental evaluation method technical field in oilfield prospecting developing, particularly a kind of full-scale wellbore stability simulator.
Background technology
Borehole well instability problem is the large problem that in oilfield explorating developing process, ubiquity also perplexs petroleum industrial circle always. Hole instability is having a strong impact on the speed of drilling well, quality and cost, at a conservative estimate, the annual appointment of borehole well instability causes the loss of 5～600,000,000 dollars to World Oil Industry, and because causing drilling fluid, borehole well instability is immersed in reservoir, polluted reservoir, brought adverse influence to the exploitation of oil gas field, this has seriously restricted the process of exploration and development. Therefore, maintaining wellbore stability is question of common concern in oil worker exploration and development oil gas field process, and is the important content that world oil circle is devoted to tackling key problem all the time.
The factor that affects wellbore stability is a lot, comprising formation lithology and clay mineral type, and tectonic stress, strata pressure, head of liquid, formation temperature, mud soak and wash away etc. Therefore in the time of research Wellbore Stability, can not simply be regarded as pure mechanics or Chemical Problem, must be considered from mechanics, physics and chemistry aspect.
At present, oil circle has been carried out the comprehensive study of wellbore stability from mechanics, physics and chemistry aspect. According to total adsorbance water law, theory of equivalent pore pressure and total flow of water elastic increment theory, developed the instruments such as mud shale HTHP borehole wall stability aquation/Coupling with Mechanics analogue experiment installation, new type high temperature high pressure borehole wall stability analogue experiment installation, HTHP borehole wall stability tester, simulation stratum condition wellbore stability evaluating apparatus and HTHP mud shale borehole wall stability evaluating apparatus. But these instruments, mechanical environment under cannot Reality simulation stratum high-temperature high-pressure well, the impact of can not overall merit different drilling modes on wellbore stability, cannot carry out property of drilling fluid, acoustic wave of rock characteristic and stratum permeability overall merit, measurement parameter is limited, and can not react intuitively the situation after borehole well instability. Therefore develop a kind of Lab-evaluation device that can react really the impact of the drilling fluid of rock under downhole environment and under different circulatory mediator condition on wellbore stability significant, the needs that carry out to meet oilfield prospecting developing safety economy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, a kind of full-scale wellbore stability simulator based on wellbore stability under the working conditions such as full diameter dimension rock core simulated formation environment and different pit shaft circulatory mediators is provided.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of full-scale wellbore stability simulator, it comprises the sealing rubber cover of the tubular that is set in rock core outside, between rock core and sealing rubber cover, be provided with pore pressure permeable formation, the internal placement of rock core has caliper logging instrument, the two ends of sealing rubber cover are separately installed with upper axial compression piston and the lower axial compression piston of the described sealing rubber cover port of sealing, on upper axial compression piston and lower axial compression piston, be provided with the through hole of communication seals rubber sleeve inner space, in the through hole of upper axial compression piston, upper plug is installed, in the through hole of lower axial compression piston, lower plunger is installed, on upper plug and lower plunger, be provided with the through hole of communication seals rubber sleeve inner space, HTHP zoom endoscope is installed in the through hole of upper plug, lower HTHP zoom endoscope is installed in the through hole of lower plunger, upper axial compression piston compresses the upper surface of rock core, and between upper axial compression piston base and the upper surface of rock core, be provided with HTHP transparent observing sheet, lower axial compression piston compresses the lower surface of rock core, and between upper axial compression top land and the lower surface of rock core, be provided with lower HTHP transparent observing sheet, upper HTHP transparent observing sheet, lower high high-temperature high-pressure transparent observing sheet, upper HTHP zoom endoscope and lower HTHP zoom endoscope form the visual and imaging system of the borehole wall, the bottom of upper plug is inlaid with upper left sonic probe and upper right sonic probe, the top of lower plunger is inlaid with lower-left sonic probe and bottom right sonic probe, upper left sonic probe, upper right sonic probe, lower-left sonic probe and bottom right sonic probe form stratum slide wave sound velocity test system, the outer cover of sealing rubber cover is equipped with HTHP kettle, between sealing rubber cover and HTHP kettle, form the confined pressure chamber of sealing, HTHP kettle inside is provided with true three axle voltage-stabilizing systems, on HTHP kettle, be provided with the confined pressure entrance that is communicated with confined pressure chamber, confined pressure entrance connects confined pressure regulating system by high pressure line, on upper axial compression piston, be provided with the drilling liquid pressure entrance that is communicated with rock core inside from top, on lower axial compression piston, be provided with the drilling liquid pressure outlet that is communicated with rock core inside from bottom, outlet is connected the high-pressure slurry circulatory system by high pressure line respectively to drilling liquid pressure entrance with drilling liquid pressure, on upper axial compression piston, be provided with from the hole of interconnected pore, top pressure permeation layer and be pressed into mouth, on lower axial compression piston, be provided with from the hole of interconnected pore, bottom pressure permeation layer and extrude mouth, hole is pressed into mouth and is connected hole pressure system by high pressure line respectively with hole extrusion mouthful, upper axial compression piston connects burden pressure control system by high pressure line.
In described HTHP kettle, be inlaid with upper left heater, upper right heater, lower-left heater and bottom right heater, upper left heater, upper right heater, lower-left heater and bottom right heater lay respectively at upper left quarter, upper right quarter, lower left quarter and the right lower quadrant of rock core.
Described true three axle voltage-stabilizing systems comprise upper left Mechanical Moving arm, upper right Mechanical Moving arm, lower-left Mechanical Moving arm and bottom right Mechanical Moving arm, and upper left Mechanical Moving arm, upper right Mechanical Moving arm, lower-left Mechanical Moving arm and bottom right Mechanical Moving arm are installed on respectively upper left quarter, upper right quarter, lower left quarter and the right lower quadrant of HTHP kettle inside.
Described upper left Mechanical Moving arm, upper right Mechanical Moving arm, lower-left Mechanical Moving arm is connected horizontal pressure force hydraulic system by high pressure line respectively with bottom right Mechanical Moving arm, described horizontal pressure force hydraulic system comprises horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump, horizontal pressure force display A, horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve, horizontal pressure force display B and horizontal pressure force relief valve, the export pipeline of horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump connects horizontal pressure force display A successively, horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve, blowdown line, left side high pressure line and right side high pressure line, horizontal pressure force display B and horizontal pressure force relief valve are installed on blowdown line, left side high pressure line connects upper left Mechanical Moving arm and lower-left Mechanical Moving arm successively, right side high pressure line connects upper right Mechanical Moving arm and bottom right Mechanical Moving arm successively, on the high pressure line of left side, left Mechanical Moving adjuster is installed, right Mechanical Moving adjuster is installed on the high pressure line of right side.
Described burden pressure control system comprises independent electric hydraulic pump, prexxure of the hydraulic pump display, pump pressure pressurization hand valve, burden pressure display and pump pressure pressure release hand valve, the export pipeline of independent electric hydraulic pump is connecting fluid press pump pressure display unit, pump pressure pressurization hand valve, blowdown line and upper axial compression piston successively, and burden pressure display and pump pressure pressure release hand valve are installed on blowdown line.
Described confined pressure regulating system comprises confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump, confined pressure hydraulic pump display, confined pressure pressurizing valve, confined pressure display and confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve, the export pipeline of confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump connects confined pressure hydraulic pump display, confined pressure pressurizing valve, blowdown line and confined pressure entrance successively, and confined pressure display and confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve are installed on blowdown line. The described high-pressure slurry circulatory system comprises mud circulation pump, upper mud circulation hand valve and lower mud circulation hand valve, the export pipeline of mud circulation pump connects mud circulation hand valve and drilling liquid pressure entrance successively, and drilling liquid pressure outlet connects lower mud circulation hand valve and mud circulation pump successively by pipeline.
Described pore pressure system comprises nitrogen cylinder, low-pressure gas source Pressure gauge, pneumatic filter, gas-booster, high-pressure bottle, gas drive hand valve, back pressure pressure control hand valve and high pressure back pressure device, high-pressure bottle bottom is connected with draining valve, nitrogen cylinder connects low-pressure gas source Pressure gauge, pneumatic filter, gas-booster and high-pressure bottle successively by pipeline, high-pressure bottle top is divided into two branch roads, a branch road in described two branch roads connects successively gas drive hand valve and hole is pressed into mouth, and another branch road connects successively back pressure pressure control hand valve, high pressure back pressure device and hole and extrudes mouth.
The present invention has the following advantages: full-scale wellbore stability simulator of the present invention has higher pressure and temp performance indications, high temperature and high pressure environment under simulation well more truly, true environment under can simulation well, load overlying formation pressure, confined pressure, pore pressure and head of liquid and control formation temperature, its drilling-fluid circulation system is to design according to shaft structure simultaneously, can dynamic evaluation wellbore stability situation, can change pit shaft circulatory mediator, simulation is at gas drilling, atomization drilling well, the variation of diverse location point hole diameter under the drilling mode such as foam drilling and conventional water-based drilling, evaluate borehole wall stable case under different drilling modes, select rational drilling mode, OPTIMIZATION OF DRILLING FLUID performance, contribute to preferred drilling mode and drilling fluid system, introduce three-dimensional gas-liquid two-phase permeability test and stratum slide wave SVEL test macro simultaneously, can the nearly borehole wall stratum permeability of overall merit and acoustic wave of rock characteristic, study nearly borehole wall area acoustic wave of rock characteristic variations under different drilling mode conditions, be equipped with Visual Dynamic analytical system simultaneously, utilize laser beam test diverse location point wellbore shape, realize borehole wall imaging, can observe more intuitively well radius variations and the borehole wall pressure break situation that collapses, possesses larger practicality, be convenient to promote.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
In figure, 1-independence electric hydraulic pump, 2-prexxure of the hydraulic pump display, 3-burden pressure display, 4-pump pressure pressurization hand valve, 5-pump pressure pressure release hand valve, the upper axial compression piston of 6-, axial compression piston under 7-, 8-upper plug, 9-lower plunger, 10-upper left sonic probe, 11-upper right sonic probe, 12-lower-left sonic probe, 13-bottom right sonic probe, the upper HTHP transparent observing of 14-sheet, HTHP transparent observing sheet under 15-, the upper HTHP zoom of 16-endoscope, HTHP zoom endoscope under 17-, 18-sealing rubber cover, 19-caliper logging instrument, 20-upper left Mechanical Moving arm, 21-upper right Mechanical Moving arm, 22-lower-left Mechanical Moving arm, 23-bottom right Mechanical Moving arm, 24-upper left heater, 25-upper right heater, 26-lower-left heater, 27-bottom right heater, 28-HTHP kettle, 29-confined pressure entrance, 30-confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump, 31-confined pressure pressurizing valve, 32-confined pressure hydraulic pump display, 33-confined pressure display, 34-confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve, 35-drilling liquid pressure entrance, the outlet of 36-drilling liquid pressure, the upper mud circulation hand of 37-valve, mud circulation hand valve under 38-, 39-mud circulation pump, the left Mechanical Moving adjuster of 40-, the right Mechanical Moving adjuster of 41-, 42-horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump, 43-horizontal pressure force display A, 44-horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve, 45-horizontal pressure force display B, 46-horizontal pressure force relief valve, 47-nitrogen cylinder, 48-low-pressure gas source Pressure gauge, 49-pneumatic filter, 50-gas-booster, 51-high-pressure bottle, 52-draining valve, 53-back pressure pressure control hand valve, 54-gas drive hand valve, 55-high pressure back pressure device, 56-hole is pressed into mouth, 57-hole extrudes mouth, 58-pore pressure permeable formation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following stated:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of full-scale wellbore stability simulator, it comprises the sealing rubber cover 18 of the tubular that is set in rock core outside, between rock core and sealing rubber cover 18, be provided with pore pressure permeable formation 58, rock core around contacts with sealing rubber cover 18 by pore pressure permeable formation 58, the internal placement of rock core has caliper logging instrument 19, the two ends of sealing rubber cover 18 are separately installed with upper axial compression piston 6 and the lower axial compression piston 7 of described sealing rubber cover 18 ports of sealing, on upper axial compression piston 6 and lower axial compression piston 7, be provided with the through hole of communication seals rubber sleeve 18 inner spaces, in the through hole of upper axial compression piston 6, by screw thread, upper plug 8 is installed, in the through hole of lower axial compression piston 7, by screw thread, lower plunger 9 is installed, on upper plug 8 and lower plunger 9, be provided with the through hole of communication seals rubber sleeve 18 inner spaces, HTHP zoom endoscope 16 is installed in the through hole of upper plug 8, lower HTHP zoom endoscope 17 is installed in the through hole of lower plunger 9, upper axial compression piston 6 compresses the upper surface of rock core, and between upper axial compression piston 6 bottoms and the upper surface of rock core, be provided with HTHP transparent observing sheet 14, lower axial compression piston 7 compresses the lower surface of rock core, and between upper axial compression piston 6 tops and the lower surface of rock core, be provided with lower HTHP transparent observing sheet 15, upper HTHP transparent observing sheet 14, lower HTHP transparent observing sheet 15, upper HTHP zoom endoscope 16 and lower HTHP zoom endoscope 17 form the visual and imaging system of the borehole wall, can directly observe out well hole enlargement, the situations such as undergauge, the bottom of upper plug 8 is inlaid with upper left sonic probe 10 and upper right sonic probe 11, the top of lower plunger 9 is inlaid with lower-left sonic probe 12 and bottom right sonic probe 13, upper left sonic probe 10, upper right sonic probe 11, lower-left sonic probe 12 and bottom right sonic probe 13 form stratum slide wave sound velocity test system, can measure nearly borehole wall area acoustic wave of rock characteristic variations in circulation of drilling fluid process, the outer cover of sealing rubber cover 18 is equipped with HTHP kettle 28, between sealing rubber cover 18 and HTHP kettle 28, form the confined pressure chamber of sealing, HTHP kettle 28 inside are provided with true three axle voltage-stabilizing systems, on HTHP kettle 28, be provided with the confined pressure entrance 29 that is communicated with confined pressure chamber, confined pressure entrance 29 connects confined pressure regulating system by high pressure line, on upper axial compression piston 6, be provided with the drilling liquid pressure entrance 35 that is communicated with rock core inside from top, on lower axial compression piston 7, be provided with the drilling liquid pressure outlet 36 that is communicated with rock core inside from bottom, drilling liquid pressure entrance 35 is connected the high-pressure slurry circulatory system by high pressure line respectively with drilling liquid pressure outlet 36, on upper axial compression piston 6, be provided with and be pressed into mouth 56 from the hole of interconnected pore, top pressure permeation layer 58, on lower axial compression piston 7, be provided with from the hole of interconnected pore, bottom pressure permeation layer 58 and extrude mouth 57, hole is pressed into mouth 56 and is connected hole pressure system by high pressure line respectively with hole extrusion mouth 57, upper axial compression piston 6 connects burden pressure control system by high pressure line.
In described HTHP kettle 28, be inlaid with upper left heater 24, upper right heater 25, lower-left heater 26 and bottom right heater 27, upper left heater 24, upper right heater 25, lower-left heater 26 and bottom right heater 27 lay respectively at upper left quarter, upper right quarter, lower left quarter and the right lower quadrant of rock core. The HTHP kettle 28 that is inlaid with upper left heater 24, upper right heater 25, lower-left heater 26 and bottom right heater 27 forms kettle heated for controlling temperature system, heating power is higher, can provide the hot environment of 150 DEG C, and temperature control is accurate, guarantees that this device is in constant temperature working environment.
Described true three axle voltage-stabilizing systems comprise upper left Mechanical Moving arm 20, upper right Mechanical Moving arm 21, lower-left Mechanical Moving arm 22 and bottom right Mechanical Moving arm 23, and upper left Mechanical Moving arm 20, upper right Mechanical Moving arm 21, lower-left Mechanical Moving arm 22 and bottom right Mechanical Moving arm 23 are installed on respectively upper left quarter, upper right quarter, lower left quarter and the right lower quadrant of HTHP kettle 28 inside. True three axle voltage-stabilizing systems can ensure mechanical part synchronously, at the uniform velocity move.
Described upper left Mechanical Moving arm 20, upper right Mechanical Moving arm 21, lower-left Mechanical Moving arm 22 is connected horizontal pressure force hydraulic system by high pressure line respectively with bottom right Mechanical Moving arm 23, described horizontal pressure force hydraulic system comprises horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump 42, horizontal pressure force display A43, horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve 44, horizontal pressure force display B45 and horizontal pressure force relief valve 46, the export pipeline of horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump 42 connects horizontal pressure force display A43 successively, horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve 44, blowdown line, left side high pressure line and right side high pressure line, horizontal pressure force display B45 and horizontal pressure force relief valve 46 are installed on blowdown line, left side high pressure line connects upper left Mechanical Moving arm 20 and lower-left Mechanical Moving arm 22 successively, right side high pressure line connects upper right Mechanical Moving arm 21 and bottom right Mechanical Moving arm 23 successively, on the high pressure line of left side, left Mechanical Moving adjuster 40 is installed, right Mechanical Moving adjuster 41 is installed on the high pressure line of right side.
Described burden pressure control system comprises independent electric hydraulic pump 1, prexxure of the hydraulic pump display 2, pump pressure pressurization hand valve 4, burden pressure display 3 and pump pressure pressure release hand valve 5, the export pipeline of independent electric hydraulic pump 1 is connecting fluid press pump pressure display unit 2, pump pressure pressurization hand valve 4, blowdown line and upper axial compression piston 6 successively, and burden pressure display 3 and pump pressure pressure release hand valve 5 are installed on blowdown line. Described burden pressure control system can provide the overburden pressure up to 151MPa.
Described confined pressure regulating system comprises confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump 30, confined pressure hydraulic pump display 32, confined pressure pressurizing valve 31, confined pressure display 33 and confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve 34, the export pipeline of confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump 30 connects confined pressure hydraulic pump display 32, confined pressure pressurizing valve 31, blowdown line and confined pressure entrance 29 successively, and confined pressure display 33 and confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve 34 are installed on blowdown line. Confined pressure regulating system can provide the confined pressure of 90MPa.
The described high-pressure slurry circulatory system comprises mud circulation pump 39, upper mud circulation hand valve 37 and lower mud circulation hand valve 38, the export pipeline of mud circulation pump 39 connects mud circulation hand valve 37 and drilling liquid pressure entrance 35 successively, and drilling liquid pressure outlet 36 connects lower mud circulation hand valve 38 and mud circulation pump 39 successively by pipeline. The high-pressure slurry circulatory system can provide the head of liquid of 60MPa, and in the process of experiment, can ensure the circulation of drilling fluid.
Described pore pressure system comprises nitrogen cylinder 47, low-pressure gas source Pressure gauge 48, pneumatic filter 49, gas-booster 50, high-pressure bottle 51, gas drive hand valve 54, back pressure pressure control hand valve 53 and high pressure back pressure device 55, high-pressure bottle 51 bottoms are connected with draining valve 52, nitrogen cylinder 47 connects low-pressure gas source Pressure gauge 48 successively by pipeline, pneumatic filter 49, gas-booster 50 and high-pressure bottle 51, high-pressure bottle 51 tops are divided into two branch roads, a branch road in described two branch roads connects successively gas drive hand valve 54 and hole is pressed into mouth 56, another branch road connects back pressure pressure control hand valve 53 successively, high pressure back pressure device 55 and hole extrude mouth 57. pore pressure system can provide the pore pressure of 60MPa accurately.
Described independent electric hydraulic pump 1 adopts 200MPa independence electric hydraulic pump, described prexxure of the hydraulic pump display 2 adopts 200MPa prexxure of the hydraulic pump display, described pump pressure pressurization hand valve 4 adopts 200MPa pump pressure pressurization hand valve, described pump pressure pressure release hand valve 5 adopts 200MPa pump pressure pressure release hand valve, described confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump 30 adopts 200MPa confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump, described confined pressure pressurizing valve 31 adopts 200MPa confined pressure pressurizing valve, described confined pressure hydraulic pump display 32 adopts 200MPa confined pressure hydraulic pump display, described confined pressure display 33 adopts 200MPa confined pressure display, described confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve 34 adopts 200MPa confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve, described mud circulation pump 39 adopts 60MPa mud circulation pump, described horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump 42 adopts 200MPa horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump, described horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve 44 adopts 200MPa horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve, described horizontal pressure force display B45 adopts 200MPa horizontal pressure force display, described horizontal pressure force relief valve 46 adopts 200MPa horizontal pressure force relief valve, described gas-booster 50 adopts 60MPa gas-booster, described high-pressure bottle 51 adopts 2L/60MPa high-pressure bottle.
Adopt described full-scale wellbore stability simulator to simulate the evaluation method of full-scale wellbore stability, it comprises the following steps:
The experiment rock sample that S1, utilization are studied obtains the required hollow rock core of experiment;
S2, prepared hollow rock core is placed in full-scale wellbore stability simulator;
S3, utilize the confined pressure regulating system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator to apply desired confined pressure to rock core;
S4, utilize the pore pressure system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator to apply desired pore pressure to rock core;
S5, utilize the true three axle voltage-stabilizing systems in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, apply the desired horizontal pressure force of experiment to rock core;
S6, utilize the burden pressure control system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, apply the desired overburden pressure of experiment to rock core;
S7, utilize the high-pressure slurry circulatory system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, give the needed pressure of rock core circulation experiment and circulation of drilling fluid medium;
S8, utilize the caliper logging instrument 19 in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, measure the hole enlargement situation of rock core well in the process of experiment;
S9, utilize the stratum slide wave sound velocity test system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, measure in experimentation under different circulatory mediators borehole wall place rock sample acoustic wave character after the immersion of drilling fluid and change;
S10, utilize the visual and imaging system of the borehole wall in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, directly observe well actual change situation after the drilling fluid borehole wall soaks.
Can obtain hole diameter size under different drilling mode conditions by step S8, S9 and S10, the characteristic of borehole wall place sound wave and borehole wall imaging data, evaluation place wellbore stability situation that can be comprehensive by these parameters.
In the process of control burden pressure, provide initial pressure by independent electric hydraulic pump 1 and prexxure of the hydraulic pump display 2, then by the pressurize burden pressure of hand valve 4 and burden pressure display 3 accurate control simulation devices of pump pressure, its control accuracy can reach 0.1MPa; In the process of level of control pressure, provide initial pressure by horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump 42 and horizontal pressure force display, and then by horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve 44 and horizontal pressure force display control upper left Mechanical Moving arm 20, upper right Mechanical Moving arm 21, lower-left Mechanical Moving arm 22, bottom right Mechanical Moving arm 23, ensure mechanical part synchronously, at the uniform velocity move, stable true three axle collar borders are provided; Controlling in the process of head of liquid, provide head of liquid by upper mud circulation hand valve 37 and mud circulation pump 39, and by lower mud circulation hand valve 38 ensure drilling fluid in simulator always in recurrent state; In the process of control pore pressure, nitrogen cylinder 47, low-pressure gas source Pressure gauge 48 and pneumatic filter 49 provide source of the gas, then by gas-booster 50 and the needed pore pressure of high-pressure bottle 51 control simulation device, provide pressure by gas drive hand valve 54 to simulator, carry out pressure release by high pressure back pressure device 55, draining valve 52 and back pressure pressure control hand valve 53; Controlling in the process of confined pressure, provide initial pressure by confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump 30 and confined pressure hydraulic pump display 32, and then control confined pressure by confined pressure pressurizing valve 31 and confined pressure display 33, utilize confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve 34 to carry out pressure release; Formation temperature is directly directly to heat to HTHP kettle 28 by upper left heater 24, upper right heater 25, lower-left heater 26 and bottom right heater 27.
The concrete grammar that the present invention realizes the different drilling mode wellbore stabilities of evaluation is: by changing the circulatory mediator in mud circulation pump 39 chambers, in the process of circulation, open mud circulation hand valve 37, by high pressure line, different circulatory mediators is transported in rock core by drilling liquid pressure entrance 35, then drilling liquid pressure outlet 36 is connected with lower mud circulation hand valve 38 by high pressure line, open lower mud circulation hand valve 38, can realize the circulation of mud in experimentation, in the process of this external circulating fluid, measure the hole diameter size at diverse location point place in rock core by caliper logging instrument 19, thereby reflect borehole wall stable case under different circulatory mediator conditions, optimize drilling mode.
Under the different drilling mode conditions of the Study of the Realization of the present invention, the concrete grammar of nearly borehole wall area acoustic wave of rock characteristic variations is: launch acoustic signals by the upper left sonic probe 10 and the upper right sonic probe 11 that are embedded in upper plug 8, the acoustic signals of launching slides along the borehole wall, receive signal by the lower-left sonic probe 12 and the bottom right sonic probe 13 that are embedded in lower plunger 9, thereby judge nearly borehole wall area acoustic wave of rock characteristic under different drilling mode conditions by the signal receiving.
The present invention realize the borehole wall visual with concrete grammar imaging be: by being arranged on the lower HTHP zoom endoscope 17 Emission Lasers bundles in lower plunger 9, then observe well hole enlargement and undergauge situation by the upper HTHP zoom endoscope 16 being arranged in upper plug 8, thereby realize wellbore shape imaging.
Further, the evaluation method of simulating full-scale wellbore stability comprises following step:
The experiment rock sample that S1, utilization are studied obtains the required hollow rock core of experiment;
S2, prepared hollow rock core is placed in full-scale wellbore stability simulator;
S3, utilize the confined pressure regulating system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator to apply desired confined pressure to rock core, in the process applying, should strengthen gradually, prevent that rock core is subject to suddenly producing destruction compared with large power;
S4, utilize the pore pressure system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator to apply desired pore pressure to rock core, in the process applying, should strengthen gradually, prevent that rock core is subject to suddenly producing destruction compared with large power;
S5, utilize the true three axle voltage-stabilizing systems in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, apply the desired horizontal pressure force of experiment to rock core, this system is to be undertaken by the mechanical arm of horizontal direction, owing to given rock core before applying horizontal stress around, applied confined pressure, therefore the size of this horizontal pressure force should be the big or small sum of confined pressure and power that mechanical arm applies;
S6, utilize the burden pressure control system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, apply the desired overburden pressure of experiment to rock core, in the process applying, should first adopt displacement control, after contacting with rock core, axial compression piston adopts again the control of power, thereby accurately control the size of axial compression, in the process applying, should strengthen gradually axial compression, prevent that rock core is suddenly stressed and destroy;
S7, utilize the high-pressure slurry circulatory system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, give the experiment needed pressure of circulation and circulation of drilling fluid medium, in the process of circulating fluid, should control the circulation rate of drilling fluid;
S8, utilize the caliper logging instrument 19 in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, measure the hole enlargement situation of rock core well in the process of experiment, if the air adopting, as circulatory mediator, can be measured by laser beam in step S7;
S9, utilize the stratum slide wave sound velocity test system in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, measure borehole wall place rock sample acoustic wave character variation after the immersion of drilling fluid under different circulatory mediators in experimentation, sound wave after transmitting is propagated along rock core wall, can be judged the mud cake situation that different drilling fluids form at borehole wall place and be judged the situation that enters of mud by this propagation;
S10, utilize the visual and imaging system of the borehole wall in full-scale wellbore stability simulator, directly observe well actual change situation after the drilling fluid borehole wall soaks.
This patent compared with prior art, the advantage having is: full-scale wellbore stability simulator has higher pressure and temp performance indications, high temperature and high pressure environment under simulation well more truly, true environment under can simulation well, load overlying formation pressure, confined pressure, pore pressure and head of liquid and control formation temperature, its drilling-fluid circulation system is to design according to shaft structure simultaneously, can dynamic evaluation wellbore stability situation, can change pit shaft circulatory mediator, simulation is at gas drilling, atomization drilling well, the variation of diverse location point hole diameter under the drilling mode such as foam drilling and conventional water-based drilling, evaluate borehole wall stable case under different drilling modes, select rational drilling mode, OPTIMIZATION OF DRILLING FLUID performance, contribute to preferred drilling mode and drilling fluid system, introduce three-dimensional gas-liquid two-phase permeability test and stratum slide wave SVEL test macro simultaneously, can the nearly borehole wall stratum permeability of overall merit and acoustic wave of rock characteristic, study nearly borehole wall area acoustic wave of rock characteristic variations under different drilling mode conditions, be equipped with Visual Dynamic analytical system simultaneously, utilize laser beam test diverse location point wellbore shape, realize borehole wall imaging, can observe more intuitively well radius variations and the borehole wall pressure break situation that collapses. possess larger practicality, be convenient to promote.
Claims (7)
1. a full-scale wellbore stability simulator, it is characterized in that: it comprises the sealing rubber cover (18) of the tubular that is set in rock core outside, between rock core and sealing rubber cover (18), be provided with pore pressure permeable formation (58), the internal placement of rock core has caliper logging instrument (19), the two ends of sealing rubber cover (18) are separately installed with upper axial compression piston (6) and the lower axial compression piston (7) of sealing described sealing rubber cover (18) port, on upper axial compression piston (6) and lower axial compression piston (7), be provided with the through hole of communication seals rubber sleeve (18) inner space, upper plug (8) is installed in the through hole of upper axial compression piston (6), lower plunger (9) is installed in the through hole of lower axial compression piston (7), on upper plug (8) and lower plunger (9), be provided with the through hole of communication seals rubber sleeve (18) inner space, HTHP zoom endoscope (16) is installed in the through hole of upper plug (8), lower HTHP zoom endoscope (17) is installed in the through hole of lower plunger (9), upper axial compression piston (6) compresses the upper surface of rock core, and be provided with HTHP transparent observing sheet (14) between upper axial compression piston (6) bottom and the upper surface of rock core, lower axial compression piston (7) compresses the lower surface of rock core, and between upper axial compression piston (6) top and the lower surface of rock core, be provided with lower HTHP transparent observing sheet (15), upper HTHP transparent observing sheet (14), lower HTHP transparent observing sheet (15), upper HTHP zoom endoscope (16) and lower HTHP zoom endoscope (17) form the visual and imaging system of the borehole wall, the bottom of upper plug (8) is inlaid with upper left sonic probe (10) and upper right sonic probe (11), the top of lower plunger (9) is inlaid with lower-left sonic probe (12) and bottom right sonic probe (13), upper left sonic probe (10), upper right sonic probe (11), lower-left sonic probe (12) and bottom right sonic probe (13) form stratum slide wave sound velocity test system, the outer cover of sealing rubber cover (18) is equipped with HTHP kettle (28), between sealing rubber cover (18) and HTHP kettle (28), form the confined pressure chamber of sealing, HTHP kettle (28) inside is provided with true three axle voltage-stabilizing systems, on HTHP kettle (28), be provided with the confined pressure entrance (29) that is communicated with confined pressure chamber, confined pressure entrance (29) connects confined pressure regulating system by high pressure line, on upper axial compression piston (6), be provided with the drilling liquid pressure entrance (35) that is communicated with rock core inside from top, on lower axial compression piston (7), be provided with the drilling liquid pressure outlet (36) that is communicated with rock core inside from bottom, drilling liquid pressure entrance (35) is connected the high-pressure slurry circulatory system by high pressure line respectively with drilling liquid pressure outlet (36), on upper axial compression piston (6), be provided with and be pressed into mouthful (56) from the hole of interconnected pore, top pressure permeation layer (58), on lower axial compression piston (7), be provided with from the hole of interconnected pore, bottom pressure permeation layer (58) and extrude mouthful (57), hole is pressed into mouthful (56) and is connected hole pressure system by high pressure line respectively with hole extrusion mouthful (57), upper axial compression piston (6) connects burden pressure control system by high pressure line.
2. the full-scale wellbore stability simulator of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described HTHP kettle (28), be inlaid with upper left heater (24), upper right heater (25), lower-left heater (26) and bottom right heater (27), upper left heater (24), upper right heater (25), lower-left heater (26) and bottom right heater (27) lay respectively at upper left quarter, upper right quarter, lower left quarter and the right lower quadrant of rock core.
3. the full-scale wellbore stability simulator of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described true three axle voltage-stabilizing systems comprise upper left Mechanical Moving arm (20), upper right Mechanical Moving arm (21), lower-left Mechanical Moving arm (22) and bottom right Mechanical Moving arm (23), upper left Mechanical Moving arm (20), upper right Mechanical Moving arm (21), lower-left Mechanical Moving arm (22) and bottom right Mechanical Moving arm (23) are installed on respectively HTHP kettle (28) inner upper left quarter, upper right quarter, lower left quarter and right lower quadrant.
4. the full-scale wellbore stability simulator of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described upper left Mechanical Moving arm (20), upper right Mechanical Moving arm (21), lower-left Mechanical Moving arm (22) is connected horizontal pressure force hydraulic system by high pressure line respectively with bottom right Mechanical Moving arm (23), described horizontal pressure force hydraulic system comprises horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump (42), horizontal pressure force display A(43), horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve (44), horizontal pressure force display B(45) and horizontal pressure force relief valve (46), the export pipeline of horizontal pressure force electric hydraulic pump (42) connects horizontal pressure force display A(43 successively), horizontal pressure force pressurizing valve (44), blowdown line, left side high pressure line and right side high pressure line, horizontal pressure force display B(45 is installed on blowdown line) and horizontal pressure force relief valve (46), left side high pressure line connects upper left Mechanical Moving arm (20) and lower-left Mechanical Moving arm (22) successively, right side high pressure line connects upper right Mechanical Moving arm (21) and bottom right Mechanical Moving arm (23) successively, on the high pressure line of left side, left Mechanical Moving adjuster (40) is installed, right Mechanical Moving adjuster (41) is installed on the high pressure line of right side.
5. the full-scale wellbore stability simulator of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described burden pressure control system comprises independent electric hydraulic pump (1), prexxure of the hydraulic pump display (2), pump pressure pressurization hand valve (4), burden pressure display (3) and pump pressure pressure release hand valve (5), the export pipeline of independent electric hydraulic pump (1) is connecting fluid press pump pressure display unit (2) successively, pump pressure pressurization hand valve (4), blowdown line and upper axial compression piston (6), burden pressure display (3) and pump pressure pressure release hand valve (5) are installed on blowdown line.
6. the full-scale wellbore stability simulator of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described confined pressure regulating system comprises confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump (30), confined pressure hydraulic pump display (32), confined pressure pressurizing valve (31), confined pressure display (33) and confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve (34), the export pipeline of confined pressure independence electric hydraulic pump (30) connects confined pressure hydraulic pump display (32) successively, confined pressure pressurizing valve (31), blowdown line and confined pressure entrance (29), confined pressure display (33) and confined pressure hydraulic pressure releasing valve (34) are installed on blowdown line, the described high-pressure slurry circulatory system comprises mud circulation pump (39), upper mud circulation hand valve (37) and lower mud circulation hand valve (38), the export pipeline of mud circulation pump (39) connects mud circulation hand valve (37) and drilling liquid pressure entrance (35) successively, drilling liquid pressure outlet (36) connects lower mud circulation hand valve (38) and mud circulation pump (39) successively by pipeline.
7. the full-scale wellbore stability simulator of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pore pressure system comprises nitrogen cylinder (47), low-pressure gas source Pressure gauge (48), pneumatic filter (49), gas-booster (50), high-pressure bottle (51), gas drive hand valve (54), back pressure pressure control hand valve (53) and high pressure back pressure device (55), high-pressure bottle (51) bottom is connected with draining valve (52), nitrogen cylinder (47) connects low-pressure gas source Pressure gauge (48) successively by pipeline, pneumatic filter (49), gas-booster (50) and high-pressure bottle (51), high-pressure bottle (51) top is divided into two branch roads, a branch road in described two branch roads connects successively gas drive hand valve (54) and hole is pressed into mouthful (56), another branch road connects back pressure pressure control hand valve (53) successively, high pressure back pressure device (55) and hole extrude mouthful (57).
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Effective date of registration: 20230106 Address after: No.8 Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000 Patentee after: SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM University Patentee after: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Address before: 610500, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Sichuan, Chengdu, 8 Patentee before: SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM University |