CN103754325B

CN103754325B - Rubber tyre formula push wheel-tug-barge coupling arrangement

Info

Publication number: CN103754325B
Application number: CN201310298328.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈苗青
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-07-16
Filing date: 2013-07-16
Publication date: 2019-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-16
Also published as: CN103754325A

Abstract

The present invention is used for push wheel-tug-barge attachment device, is suitable for rivers, coastal and the through transport of river sea barging；It is also applied for adding dispatching for the non-motor vessel of column equipped with Aomei.Push wheel and tug-barge are linked together by this attachment device using rubber tyre, form both strong and flexible connecting mode.There are 2 rubber tyres in push wheel stem, be fixed on the U-shaped end of Y-axis, there are bearing combination seat supports in push wheel Ship Structure；The Aomei that the stern construction of tug-barge is equipped with opening adds column, and internal diameter matches with tire outside diameter；The air pressure in tire is adjusted, it is relatively fixed in bucket to may be implemented tire, and the different conditions such as complete floating or semifloating realize the optimal join of push wheel and barge to adapt to different sea situations；The advantages that present invention has safety, efficiently, economic, energy conservation, low-carbon, environmentally friendly.

Description

Rubber tyre formula push wheel-tug-barge coupling arrangement

Technical field

The invention patent -- rubber tyre formula push wheel-tug-barge coupling arrangement is suitable for rivers, coastal and the through transport of river sea to push away Wheel-tug-barge connection.

Barging compares cargo ship transport

Either tug-barge ATB or barge TTB system, in coastal or river-sea transportation, barging and freighter transport phase Than with certain superiority:

Shipbuilding expense is saved, and initial cost is at low cost；

Barging more can maneuverability it is efficient on time；

Crewman's quantity can greatly reduce, and save crew's wages expenditure, such as the U.S. has a nineteen twenty to be Jone ' s The enforcement rules of Act, to the freighter and towboat of same main engine power, the crewman's number that should be equipped with is differed up to one times or more；

Many cargos, the lay day is considerably long, such as bulk goods, liquid goods, big part and deck package goods etc., when lighterage goods When, push wheel can go to participate in the operation of other barge, and use scope is wide, reduce waiting time, reduce sky and put, give full play to push wheel The effect of, realize cycle operation thus also reach economical, low-carbon, low emission；

Disadvantage: the resistance of tug-barge system is generally 10-15% bigger than the freighter of identical loading capacity；

Push wheel-tug-barge system (ATB) compares tugboat-barge system (TTB)

Push wheel-tug-barge system ATB-Articulated Tug-Barge System

Tugboat-barge system TTB-Towing Tug-Barge System

In coastal and river Hai Lianyun, ATB ratio TTB is superior more,

1. safety:

ATB pattern length is short, directly couples between push wheel and tug-barge, and TTB is then between tugboat and barge with long wirerope Connection, the bad of lane will cause major break down；

In ATB, the movement of barge such as speed is retreated, and is turned to, and turns around to wait being directly controlled completely by push wheel；

In ATB, barge shipping-direction stability is good, unlike in TTB, it is indefinite that barge can move left and right；

ATB combine it is more convenient and efficient than TTB, generally only need the 10% of TTB binding time；

ATB generally with remote control clutch, wants local operation unlike TTB, and upper barge with cable or unties the mooring rope, and personnel are in wirerope Area's work, quite dangerous；

TTB will adjust at any time wirerope according to sea condition, entering and leaving port etc., and the safety for having special messenger to monitor barge and wirerope；

2. economical:

Under the same speed of a ship or plane, the main engine power ratio TTB of ATB is small by 25%；

Time is saved, high efficiency；

The high towing winch of price and its power consumption are not needed, it also should not wirerope and traction auxiliary device；

3. power supply, grease air pipe is provided, monitoring, alarming data and signal control:

A) monitoring, alarming data and signal control etc. can be realized by wired or wireless interface in ATB system；

B) push away can be by operating in push wheel for the bow side of barge；

C) it is difficult to realize in TTB system；

D) BOG gas can be transported to push wheel by LNG barge, the fuel as host；

4. personnel's dealing is convenient between barge:

In ATB system, be not necessarily intended to someone and be fixed on barge, and on TTB then must someone scooped out on tugboat, be responsible for Band cable, the work such as signal lamp, it is therefore necessary to live on barge；

Personnel's dealing is convenient in ATB system, at any time, and it is then unlikely in TTB system；

Therefore can accomplish on the barge of ATB unmanned but general unlikely on the barge of TTB；

5. push wheel is gone on board, employee makees and living environment comfort is better than tugboat, this is because push wheel closely nuggar, rocks It is small；

In 6.ATB system, barge is easy combination and is combined in groups with realizing, a string of barges push away together, greatly improve efficiency；

Background technique

The development history of pusher barge system and its coupling arrangement

Initial pusher barge system only bundles the stern of the fore of tugboat and barge with hawser, it may be said that It is simplest connecting mode, but has realized the superiority of pusher barge system；

Before and after nineteen fifty, there is ITB (Integrated Tug/Barge System) system, barge occurs in the U.S. A greatly notch is opened among stern, and specially to match the tug-barge system of push wheel accordingly；

1970, the Elwin Fletcher of the u s company of entitled Bludworth Marine started push wheel insertion and has pushed away The big depression of barge tail, and being coupled push wheel and tug-barge hinge type with two major diameter pin shafts, referred to as Artubar system, pin shaft Diameter reaches 1-2 meters, hereafter, forms the classical architecture of tug-barge system, and imitate like this so far for later all companies, And with respective patented technology；

Another company in the U.S. is Intercon, with two point form without difference, recently successively for U.S. Maritrans and Number set ATB (including 12,000hp push wheel and 45,000dwt oil barge) of OSG shipping company provides Intercon coupling arrangement, When pin diameter is up to 64 (1625.6mm)；

Mr. mountain pass (Yamaguchi) of Tokyo great achievement engineering company (Taisei Engmeering) carries out therewith The Articouple system similar with Artubar and hereafter emergence improvement model were released in research in 1972, but It is generally essentially identical；

The bikini Triofix system invented later is then firmly joined push wheel together with barge with 3 bolts；This It is exactly using this system that beginning of the century river, which raises two that shipyard is Italian shipowner's construction and pushes away four and refute, and push wheel host general power is 13, 200kw, tug-barge loading capacity are 30,000 ton, are the maximum ATB systems that the said firm produces so far；Since 1972 extremely 2012, the said firm sold more than 250 altogether and has covered equipment, mainly for Japanese shipyard/shipowner, was also supplied with shipowner/ship all over the world Factory, wherein Chinese shipyard more than 10 covers totally, mainly for export ships/foreign countries shipowner

Information collection shows that the said firm is current ATB system in the best-run company of sold worldwide and in quantity On tend to the status held a safe lead, the Bludworth company of Lian Meiguo also at DaCheng Co., Ltd beauty agency；

Europe:

Research starting is not late, but makes slow progress, and just starts to act after 1980, little to the interest of ATB system, but Also there is a small amount of application, coupling arrangement mainly has:

The Finnpusku system of Finland is the system of connections (Wartsila Coupling System) of watt company, Ceylon, Successively it is common to 3 tugboats and 5 barges；

Another company, Finland Beacon Finland, is not only engaged in Ship Design, also designs JAK-ATB system of connections (JAK-Coupling System), there are three types of specification and two point forms for product, and products application is just begun with after nineteen ninety in ATB System, usage quantity are few；Also many European shipowners select the product of Japanese DaCheng Co., Ltd；

China:

China coast transport, river Hai Lianyun, the Changjiang river and inland water transport are increasingly busy, and the Changjiang river pusher barge team system has obtained Considerable paces are to have ample scope for one's abilities using ATB system；It is reported that 45, the 000dwt " state built by Yangzhou in 2008 Abundant sea refutes No. 1, and use is exactly ATB structure, but at present it is not yet found that the play-by-play of the company of closing research and development and the series of product；

Many ATB systems are to fill export ships after ordering from shipyard to Japanese DaCheng Co., Ltd, such as:

Shipyard, Peng Lai Bohai Sea shipyard, Zhoushan COSCO shipyard etc., total about more than 10 ship sets are raised in Nanjing shipyard, river；In addition Have within 2002 1 set of use is also the ATB product of Japanese DaCheng Co., Ltd, be Singapore shipowner and after the construction of Singapore's shipyard As oil field shuttle oil barge, here it is saliva, and No. 10 (JIN TUO 10) and saliva to be dragged to refute No. 10 (JIN BO in the Bohai Sea Gulf oil field Zhao Dong 10)；

It is all mechanical coupling arrangement although also there is a small amount of message in relation to ATB patent in the country, with external two o'clock Formula difference is little；It is whether used unknown；

In conclusion 60 Yu Nianlai since the 1950s so far, whether the U.S., Japanese and European, always edge It is fixedly connected with two point form hinge arrangement or a small amount of bikini；

Nearest Chinese research and coupling arrangement for 45,000DWT " Guo Yuhai is refuted " is apparently also similar structures.

Summary of the invention

Attached drawing 1 is rubber tyre formula push wheel-tug-barge coupling arrangement schematic diagram of the application

Rubber Tyre-Couple ATB System for Pusher-Barge

Rubber tyre formula push wheel-its principle of tug-barge coupling arrangement is very simple, by push wheel and is pushed away using the rubber tyre of inflation It refutes and is linked together, form a connecting mode that is both strong but not being perfect rigidity.

In push wheel stem bilateral symmetry position, respectively there are a rubber tyre, slightly stretching stem, tire rim strip, wheel rim, wheel Axis is fixed on the U-shaped end of axis；

Two Y-axis it is parallel to each other and with hull centerline parallel, every Y-axis have a thrust bearing and a support shaft Assembled base is held, is firmly supported in the hull reinforcement structure under forecastle；

Two tires can make tire axis at horizontal or vertical direction with the synchronous rotation of Y-axis, can also carry out small angle Degree adjustment；

It is set on the stern construction of tug-barge there are two long Aomei increasing cylinder, spacing is consistent with above-mentioned Y-axis, left and right pair Claim, inner face is smooth and matches with tire outside diameter；Each great circle tube rear end has opening, the end U of Y-axis and its rubber from top to bottom Rubber tire tire can pass in and out cylinder by opening；When tire axis in bucket with cylinder center parallel when, tire is stuck in cylinder, is pushed away Wheel is just combined together with tug-barge；

The air pressure in tire is adjusted, it is relatively fixed in bucket to may be implemented tire, the difference shape such as full floating or semifloating State keeps best combination operating condition to adapt to different sea situations；

It when full floating operating condition, can be cooled down if necessary to tire and the watering of cylinder engaging portion, lubrication reduces friction hair Heat reduces abrasion；

Tire gas source is provided by air bottle in cabin, and the clutch of coupling arrangement can also be met an urgent need on the spot by bridge remote control Operation；For the service life for extending the inner tube of a tyre, nitrogen cylinder inflation can also be used, and compressed air is as spare；

The features and advantages of the invention

1. safety:

Rubber tyre can bear load and buffer the impact and vibration being subject to；

Clutch is reliable rapidly, and the time is short, can clutch less than 10 seconds；

Clutch is steady, the direct contact between no metal Ji Peng Tong Shen Zhi Tong bad shell；

No matter the drinking water between push wheel and barge, floading condition, angle heeling condition all may be used in any trim, a certain range With clutch, rather than two point form or 3 point type latch systems, has to adjust drinking water and ship state, be otherwise difficult to engage；

Whether push wheel or barge, binding site uniform force but can avoid the impact of the peak value of wave force；

It is simple to operate, if people's bridge remote control, or emergency operation on the spot, it is not necessary to someone is at clutch scene； To start pumping station system in advance unlike hydraulic control, it must special messenger's supervision；

Just in case one of tyre break or gas leakage will not cause a serious accident, the connection of tire is no entirely ineffective, can To renew tire；

Push wheel line style or scale are unrestricted, therefore surely meet the requirement for singly putting stability, push wheel list put dispatch navigation not by Stability limitation；

2. economical:

Equipment price is low, estimates the half less than equivalent specifications price, also unlike two point form or 3 point type latch systems that Sample, device structure and system complex, weight weight, installation workload is big, and price is naturally high；Raising shipyard with Yang Zhoujiang in 1999 is Italian shipowner 2 push away 4 refute for, the price of every set ATB was up to 800,000 dollars at that time；

The manufacturing cost of ship is low: its ship stern of traditional ocean tug-barge has the big notch to match with push wheel Nearly half of hull of (Large Notch), push wheel are embedded, and with push wheel is linear matches, this traditional pattern, from tug-barge It is born and starts being kept approximately constant in more than 60 years so far；Notch length has and shallowly has depth, and generally occupy the entire captain of barge 1/5 is arrived 1/10 or push wheel length 10% to 100%；Because by strength load, therefore its structure is very strong, plate is also thick, and construction is complicated, Period is long, it may be said that is the hull part of most time-consuming expense material；The present invention will thoroughly remove from office this big notch and go, and shorten and refute The captain of ship, greatly reduces hull weight；

Substantially reduce raw material and artificial consumption: thrust is passed to by tire and is transmitted to barge ship after cylinder again by the present invention Body stern, distribution of force is uniform, as long as ship stern is suitably reinforced, every barge in this way can save the even upper kiloton of hundreds of tons Steel and artificial paint etc.；

Low-carbon saves oil consumption: push wheel and barge can be designed according to respective best line style, without taking very much that into account This, therefore can be designed not only to resistance small and singly put the good ship type of stability for push wheel, substantially increases the economy of shipping；

Operating cost is low, not huge hydraulic system and its oil liquid material consumption；

As long as coupling, spot size is the same, that inference and tug-barge can combine, it is not required that push wheel must be embedded in In tug-barge depression, the economy of shipping and the flexibility of scheduling are substantially increased, push wheel service efficiency is high；

3. environmental protection:

ATB system resistance is small, and fuel consumption is few, realizes energy-saving low-carbon environmental protection；

Without adjustment ship state energy clutch, faster, saving of work and time is fuel-efficient；

There is no the pollution of hydraulic system leakage bring；

4. versatility:

As long as coupling, spot size is the same, and any one inference and tug-barge can combine, it is not required that push wheel is required embedding Enter in tug-barge depression；

Push wheel can still keep the other function such as port of its separate operaton to drag, and sea is dragged, the functions such as pushing tow；

Either existing tugboat, push wheel or barge, as long as carrying out certain change, so that it may install pushing tow of the invention System, and do not lose original function still；

It is not only tug-barge, other non-boat working ship such as dredgers certainly, pile driving barge, crane ship, peak generating ship etc., as long as Corresponding connection straight tube is installed, then just having the primary condition for being pushed away ship dispatching and sending；

Suggestion to push wheel-tug-barge ATB system and its attachment device is newly made

According to towboat power, tug-barge size, speed of a ship or plane etc. estimates the size specification of coupling arrangement thrust；It is divided into several grades, such as: 40,60,100 tons etc., suitable tire is found to design attachment device, and class should not be too many, and otherwise push wheel-tug-barge scheduling is flexible Property is poor；

ATB must be taken into consideration land-and-water transportation and take into account, and to give full play to its advantage, drinking water will consider inland river and stranding harbour area, high It is empty to cross bridge；

For the maneuvering performance for improving ATB, push wheel preferably matches double hosts, Twin Rudders paddle, and tug-barge fore body preferably sets sideways-acting propeller 1 or 2 Set；

Tug-barge should be equipped with remote control and cast anchor function, but remote control may not request to unmoor；

For the bow sight for improving ATB, tug-barge fore body Ke Yi She Zhi lookout station and video camera (containing night vision function)；

To install coupling arrangement, the line style and structure and routine of push wheel fore body are different, also want reasonable arrangement anchor system Arrangement；

For transporting the tug-barge of LNG, BOG can also guide push wheel into, the energy as push wheel host；Using double fuel host or Electric propulsion host after power generation；

In specification license or in the case where negotiated agreement, it is simple that barge makes every effort to design, easy for construction, it is all can be by push wheel It provides, then need not repeat.Barge is generally answered unmanned；Practicable ATB system specifications should be formulated as early as possible；

It wouldn't recommend to be applied to the transport of ocean tug-barge, practice warp must be obtained through coastal Operation trial after a period of time Discussion is remake after testing；

In diagram: 1. barge stern Aomeis increase cylinder

2. rubber lip care

3. rubber tyre

4. wheel rim

5. forked type axis

6. bearing combines

7. steering mechanism

8. control unit

9. remote control unit

Claims

1. rubber tyre formula push wheel-tug-barge coupling arrangement, it is characterised in that: it includes two Y-axis being arranged in push wheel, and two Y-axis it is parallel to each other and with hull centerline parallel, every Y-axis passes through a thrust bearing and a bearing support assembled base branch Support fixes a rubber tyre in the hull reinforcement structure under forecastle, in the end of every Y-axis, and rubber tyre stretches out stem, Rubber tyre includes rim strip, wheel rim, wheel shaft；It further includes that two Aomeis being parallel to each other on tug-barge stern construction are arranged in add Large cylinder, Aomei increase cylinder between spacing and above-mentioned Y-axis between spacing it is consistent, Aomei increase cylinder inner face it is smooth and with Tire outside diameter matches；Each great circle tube rear end has opening from top to bottom, and the rubber tyre of Y-axis end can be passed in and out by opening Cylinder；When tire axis in cylinder with cylinder center parallel when, tire is stuck in cylinder, and push wheel and tug-barge are just incorporated in one It rises；The air pressure in tire is adjusted, it is relatively fixed in cylinder to may be implemented tire, full floating or semifloating, to adapt to different seas Condition；It when full floating operating condition, can be cooled down to tire and the watering of cylinder engaging portion, lubrication reduces frictional heating, reduces abrasion；

Tire gas source is provided by air bottle in cabin, and the clutch of coupling arrangement, can also emergency operation on the spot by bridge remote control； For the service life for extending the inner tube of a tyre, charge air conditioning is nitrogen.