CN103743542A - Testing device and method for evaluating resistance reducing effect of porous bionic jet flow surface - Google Patents
Testing device and method for evaluating resistance reducing effect of porous bionic jet flow surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a testing device and method for evaluating the resistance reducing effect of a porous bionic jet flow surface. The testing device comprise a water tank, a centrifugal pump, a detachable rectangular testing pipeline, a porous jet device, a high-accuracy differential gauge, an electromagnetic flow meter, a speed regulating valve, an overflow valve and a necessary loop connecting piece, wherein a current plate is arranged inside a porous jet device, so that stable jet flow can be provided; a pressure measuring hole is formed in the two ends of a jet flow inlet respectively; the pressures at the two points are introduced into the high-accuracy differential gauge to measure the pressure difference between the two points. The resistance reducing effect of the porous bionic jet flow surface is estimated by comparing the magnitude of the pressure difference before jet flow and after jet flow. By adopting the testing device, testing of the resistance reducing effects of the porous bionic jet flow surface and a surface coating structure can be realized, and the conventional fluid mechanics test can be performed; in a water supply part, elements of the centrifugal pump, a valve, a flow meter and the like are coordinated, so that the jet flow speed and main flow speed of a test model can be controlled accurately, and a plurality of jet flow environments can be simulated.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of test unit and test method, specifically test unit and the test method of test fluid flow to different structure surface friction drag.
Background technology
At present, the motion drag reduction between relevant scholar's convection cell and solid interface has carried out theory study and applied research extensively and profoundly both at home and abroad, and successfully in many-side, has obtained progress comparatively significantly.Because drag reduction can directly have influence on energy consumption and the mechanical property of equipment, so the research of this problem receives various countries experts and scholars' concern always, its research method is mainly studied from aspects such as theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, model tests, the finally resistance reducing performance by test sample in comparison test device draw required conclusion, and then put into again in practical implementation.Test method, as the important means of Study of Fluid drag reduction, has played very important effect to the development of propulsive fluid drag reduction theory, and the proposition of fluid mechanics new phenomenon and new theory generally needs convection cell to carry out a large amount of testing experiments.Bionical jet surface can reduce the frictional resistance between fluid and solid, drag-reduction effect is obvious, it is a kind of brand-new drag reduction technology, the current research for technique mainly concentrates on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation stage, because it does not also have a set of complete jet surface tester for testing, therefore model test also cannot complete.Traditional drag reduction experimental study is carried out mostly in the environment such as water hole, tank or pond towing, but, because it involves great expense, costly, bulky, daily servicing is difficult, noise is large, test condition is wayward, test model is complicated, various aspects at test condition all have certain limitation, and the above device all cannot carry out the research of jet surface drag reduction test, therefore, one of research and design with low cost, simple in structure, test jet drag reduction tester for testing easily and seem particularly important.
At present, the drag reduction proving installation of non-smooth surface and jet surface focuses mostly in rotating jet method of testing, has consumed more tubulence energy.As the patent No. is: 201110089369.0, name is called " test unit of assessment bionic non-smooth surface and bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect " and the patent No. is: 201120070969.8, name is called " a kind of test unit to frictional resistance test ".
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the test unit and the method that can be used in the assessment porous bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of test fluid flow to different structure surface friction drag.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The present invention assesses the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous, it is characterized in that: comprise water tank, pump, testing conduit, differential manometer, in water tank, be filled with liquid, the bionical jet surface conduit of smooth surface conduit cover plate or porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, water tank is by the first pipeline connection pump, pump is by the entrance of the second pipeline connection testing conduit, the outlet of test pipe is by the 3rd pipeline connection water tank, first group of pressure tap is set on smooth surface conduit cover plate, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, second group of pressure tap is set, first group of pressure tap and second group of pressure tap all have two, and present position is identical, when the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, multiple jet device is installed, on the second pipeline, draw the 4th pipeline, the 4th pipeline connection multiple jet device, second group of pressure tap lays respectively at the both sides of multiple jet device, and the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on respectively the place, two holes of second group of pressure tap, when smooth surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on respectively the place, two holes of first group of pressure tap.
The test unit that the present invention assesses the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous can also comprise:
1, on the second pipeline between pump and the 4th pipeline, draw the 5th pipeline, the 5th pipeline connection water tank.
2, the first flow speed control valve, flowmeter, the first tensimeter are installed on the second pipeline, mounting ball valve, the second flow speed control valve, the second tensimeter on the 4th pipeline.
3, on the 5th pipeline, surplus valve is installed.
4, described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
The present invention assesses the test method of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous, it is characterized in that: adopt following test unit: comprise water tank, pump, testing conduit, differential manometer, in water tank, be filled with liquid, the bionical jet surface conduit of smooth surface conduit cover plate or porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, water tank is by the first pipeline connection pump, pump is by the entrance of the second pipeline connection testing conduit, the outlet of test pipe is by the 3rd pipeline connection water tank, first group of pressure tap is set on smooth surface conduit cover plate, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, second group of pressure tap is set, first group of pressure tap and second group of pressure tap all have two, and present position is identical, when the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, multiple jet device is installed, on the second pipeline, draw the 4th pipeline, the 4th pipeline connection multiple jet device, second group of pressure tap lays respectively at the both sides of multiple jet device, and the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on respectively the place, two holes of second group of pressure tap, when smooth surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on respectively the place, two holes of first group of pressure tap,
On the second pipeline between pump and the 4th pipeline, draw the 5th pipeline, the 5th pipeline connection water tank; The first flow speed control valve, flowmeter, the first tensimeter are installed, mounting ball valve, the second flow speed control valve, the second tensimeter on the 4th pipeline on the second pipeline; On the 5th pipeline, surplus valve is installed;
(1) smooth surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, close ball valve, start pump, by regulation relief valve, regulate delivery side of pump pressure, by the first flow speed control valve and first flow meter, regulating the fluid velocity in testing conduit is mainstream speed, records the pressure differential p that differential pressure gauge records simultaneously
s;
(2) take off smooth surface conduit cover plate, and the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, multiple jet device is installed, open ball valve, by regulating the second flow speed control valve to regulate effluxvelocity, keep equating with the mainstream speed of step (1) the pressure differential p that while recording different jet speed, differential pressure instrumentation obtains simultaneously
j;
(3) drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate represents with drag reducing efficiency DR:
Advantage of the present invention is: cost of the present invention is low, compact conformation, volume is little, daily servicing is convenient, noise is low; Test unit can be realized the test to the bionical jet surface of porous and surface coating structure drag-reduction effect, also can carry out the test of normal flow mechanics; Water supply part is by coordinating the components and parts such as centrifugal pump, valve, flowmeter, and the effluxvelocity of Control experiment model and mainstream speed accurately, simulates multiple jet environment; In process of the test, realized recycling of water, environmental protection and energy saving, pollution-free.
The present invention adopts high precision differential pressure gauge that the fluid friction resistance of bionical jet surface is tested and its drag-reduction effect is evaluated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is rectangular duct schematic diagram a of the present invention, and Fig. 2 b is rectangular duct schematic diagram b of the present invention, and Fig. 2 c is rectangular duct schematic diagram c of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is conduit cover plate schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, for example the present invention is described in more detail:
In conjunction with Fig. 1～3, the present invention includes water tank 1, centrifugal pump 2, detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, high precision differential pressure gauge 17, electromagnetic flowmeter 5, flow speed control valve 4,20, tensimeter 6,10, multiple jet device 18, surplus valve 3 and necessary loop connecting piece composition.Wherein detachable test rectangle pipeline 8 comprises rectangular duct 14 and conduit cover plate 15 two parts, only need to change conduit cover plate 15 in the time need to measuring the drag-reduction effect of different surfaces structure; Grid cowling panel 12 is equipped with in multiple jet device 18 inside, can make the jet fluid of multiple jet more uniform and stable.On conduit cover plate 15, streamwise is offered two pressure taps 16, this pressure of 2 is introduced to high precision differential pressure gauge 17, to measure the pressure differential of this point-to-point transmission, the pressure differential recording by contrast smooth surface conduit cover plate with when the conduit cover plate of multiple jet device is housed is assessed the drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of porous.
The concrete steps of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous of the present invention evaluation method are:
A, on detachable test rectangle pipeline, smooth surface conduit cover plate is being installed and is being closed the ball valve on jet pipeline, start centrifugal pump, by regulation relief valve, regulate delivery side of pump pressure, by flow speed control valve and flowmeter, regulate the mainstream speed of test rectangle pipeline, record the pressure differential p that high precision differential pressure gauge records simultaneously
s;
B, on detachable test rectangle pipeline, multiple jet surface groove road cover plate and multiple jet device are being installed, open ball valve, by regulating flow speed control valve to regulate effluxvelocity, keep equating with the mainstream speed of step a the pressure differential p that while recording different jet speed, high precision differential pressure gauge records simultaneously
j;
The drag-reduction effect of c, the bionical jet surface of porous represents with drag reducing efficiency DR, and computing method are:
Drag reducing efficiency DR is larger, and drag-reduction effect is better.Mainstream speed of the present invention, effluxvelocity, jet orifice number, jet orifice diameter is adjustable, can analyze the influence factor of multiple drag-reduction effects.
The present invention includes main flow circulation line, jet-loop pipeline two parts composition.Main flow circulation line comprises water tank 1, centrifugal pump 2, surplus valve 3, flow speed control valve 4, electromagnetic flowmeter 5, tensimeter 6, testing conduit 8, two pressure taps 16, high precision differential pressure gauge 17 and necessary loop web members.Wherein two pressure taps 16 are connected with high precision differential pressure gauge 17, and two pressure taps 16 lay respectively at the both sides of jet pipe entrance 19, for measuring the pressure differential of 2, and by the variation of pressure differential of 2 before and after contrast jet, assess the drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of porous.
Jet pipeline comprises water tank 1, centrifugal pump 2, surplus valve 3, flow speed control valve 20, tensimeter 10, jet pipe entrance 19, ball valve 9 and necessary loop web member.Jet orifice number, jet orifice diameter, effluxvelocity and mainstream speed are adjustable, and the pressure differential recording by contrast smooth surface conduit cover plate and jet surface conduit cover plate is assessed the drag-reduction effect of the each factor of the bionical jet surface of porous.
The concrete steps of the evaluation method of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous are:
A, on detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, smooth surface conduit cover plate is being installed and is being closed the ball valve 9 on jet pipeline, start centrifugal pump 2, by regulation relief valve 3, regulate the top hole pressure of pump 2, the mainstream speed that regulates test rectangle pipeline 8 by flow speed control valve 4 and flowmeter 5 records the pressure differential p that high precision differential pressure gauge 17 records simultaneously
s;
B, on detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, multiple jet surface groove road cover plate and multiple jet device 18 are being installed, open ball valve 9, by regulating flow speed control valve 20 to regulate effluxvelocity, keep equating with the mainstream speed of step a the pressure differential p that while recording different jet speed, high precision differential pressure gauge 17 records simultaneously
j;
The drag-reduction effect of c, the bionical jet surface of porous represents with drag reducing efficiency DR, and computing method are:
Drag reducing efficiency DR is larger, and drag-reduction effect is better.
D, change a factor or the multiple factor in mainstream speed, effluxvelocity, jet orifice number, four drag reduction factors of jet orifice diameter respectively, record the pressure differential that differential pressure gauge records, and the pressure differential recording during with smooth surface under identical mainstream speed contrasts, can analyze the drag-reduction effect in single factor and multifactor coupling situation.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
The present invention, by driving centrifugal pump 2 to supply water to main flow circulation line and jet-loop pipeline, regulates the top hole pressure of centrifugal pump 2 by surplus valve 3.By regulating flow speed control valve 4 and flow speed control valve 20 to regulate respectively the test entrance 7 of testing conduit and the speed of jet pipe entrance 19.On conduit cover plate 15, two pressure taps 16 are offered in jet pipe entrance 19 left and right, the force value that records is introduced to high precision differential pressure gauge 17, by the pressure difference that smooth surface conduit cover plate and jet surface conduit cover plate are recorded, compare to detect the drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of porous.
The present invention assesses the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous, comprises water tank 1, centrifugal pump 2, surplus valve 3, flow speed control valve 4 and 20, ball valve 9, electromagnetic flowmeter 5, tensimeter 6 and 10, detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, multiple jet device 18, high precision differential pressure gauge 17 and necessary loop connecting piece composition; Wherein, multiple jet device 18 comprises jet orifice plate 11 and grid cowling panel 12 two parts.
In the exit of centrifugal pump 2, surplus valve 3 has been installed, can have been regulated the top hole pressure of pump 2.
Flow speed control valve 4 and 20 and tensimeter 6 and 10 have been installed respectively on main flow pipeline and jet branch road, can have regulated respectively the speed of detachable test rectangle pipeline 8 and jet pipe entrance 19.
Detachable test rectangle pipeline 8 comprises rectangular duct 14 and conduit cover plate 15 two parts, can change conduit cover plate 15 according to the difference of measuring object.
Two pressure taps 16 are offered along flowing to direction in the both sides of multiple jet device 18 installation sites on conduit cover plate 15, the pressure of 2 are introduced to high precision differential pressure gauge 17, to record the pressure differential of 2, test rectangle pipeline.
By changing jet orifice number and the jet orifice diameter on jet orifice plate 11, the drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of porous in the time of can assessing different jet bore dia.
The present invention assesses the method for the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous: when conduit cover plate 15 is the smooth surface while not adding jet, by flow speed control valve 4, electromagnetic flowmeter 5 and tensimeter 6, regulate the inlet velocity of test rectangle pipeline 8, the pressure differential that while recording different mainstream speed, differential pressure instrumentation obtains simultaneously; Smooth surface conduit cover plate is changed into the jet surface conduit cover plate 15 that multiple jet device 18 is housed, by regulating flow speed control valve 20 to regulate the speed of jet inlet, the pressure differential that while recording different jet speed, differential pressure instrumentation obtains simultaneously, the pressure differential of smooth surface and the bionical jet surface of porous is assessed the drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of porous when contrasting identical mainstream speed.
The method concrete steps of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous are:
A, on detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, smooth surface conduit cover plate is being installed and is being closed the ball valve 9 on jet pipeline, start centrifugal pump 2, by regulation relief valve 3, regulate the top hole pressure of pump 2, the mainstream speed that regulates test rectangle pipeline 8 by flow speed control valve 4 and flowmeter 5 records the pressure differential p that high precision differential pressure gauge 17 records simultaneously
s;
B, on detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, multiple jet surface groove road cover plate and multiple jet device 18 are being installed, open ball valve 9, by regulating flow speed control valve 20 to regulate effluxvelocity, keep equating with the mainstream speed of step a the pressure differential p that while recording different jet speed, high precision differential pressure gauge 17 records simultaneously
j;
The drag-reduction effect of c, the bionical jet surface of porous represents with drag reducing efficiency DR, and computing method are:
Drag reducing efficiency DR is larger, and drag-reduction effect is better.Mainstream speed of the present invention, effluxvelocity, jet orifice number, jet orifice diameter is adjustable, can analyze the influence factor of multiple drag-reduction effects.
Claims (10)
1. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous, it is characterized in that: comprise water tank, pump, testing conduit, differential manometer, in water tank, be filled with liquid, the bionical jet surface conduit of smooth surface conduit cover plate or porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, water tank is by the first pipeline connection pump, pump is by the entrance of the second pipeline connection testing conduit, the outlet of test pipe is by the 3rd pipeline connection water tank, first group of pressure tap is set on smooth surface conduit cover plate, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, second group of pressure tap is set, first group of pressure tap and second group of pressure tap all have two, and present position is identical, when the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, multiple jet device is installed, on the second pipeline, draw the 4th pipeline, the 4th pipeline connection multiple jet device, second group of pressure tap lays respectively at the both sides of multiple jet device, and the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on respectively the place, two holes of second group of pressure tap, when smooth surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on respectively the place, two holes of first group of pressure tap.
2. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the second pipeline between pump and the 4th pipeline, draw the 5th pipeline, the 5th pipeline connection water tank.
3. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the first flow speed control valve, flowmeter, the first tensimeter are installed, mounting ball valve, the second flow speed control valve, the second tensimeter on the 4th pipeline on the second pipeline.
4. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 2, is characterized in that: on the 5th pipeline, surplus valve is installed.
5. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 3, is characterized in that: on the 5th pipeline, surplus valve is installed.
6. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
7. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
8. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
9. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
10. the test method of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous, it is characterized in that: adopt following test unit: comprise water tank, pump, testing conduit, differential manometer, in water tank, be filled with liquid, the bionical jet surface conduit of smooth surface conduit cover plate or porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, water tank is by the first pipeline connection pump, pump is by the entrance of the second pipeline connection testing conduit, the outlet of test pipe is by the 3rd pipeline connection water tank, first group of pressure tap is set on smooth surface conduit cover plate, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, second group of pressure tap is set, first group of pressure tap and second group of pressure tap all have two, and present position is identical, when the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, multiple jet device is installed, on the second pipeline, draw the 4th pipeline, the 4th pipeline connection multiple jet device, second group of pressure tap lays respectively at the both sides of multiple jet device, and the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on respectively the place, two holes of second group of pressure tap, when smooth surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on respectively the place, two holes of first group of pressure tap,
On the second pipeline between pump and the 4th pipeline, draw the 5th pipeline, the 5th pipeline connection water tank; The first flow speed control valve, flowmeter, the first tensimeter are installed, mounting ball valve, the second flow speed control valve, the second tensimeter on the 4th pipeline on the second pipeline; On the 5th pipeline, surplus valve is installed;
(1) smooth surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, close ball valve, start pump, by regulation relief valve, regulate delivery side of pump pressure, by the first flow speed control valve and first flow meter, regulating the fluid velocity in testing conduit is mainstream speed, records the pressure differential p that differential pressure gauge records simultaneously
s;
(2) take off smooth surface conduit cover plate, and the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, on the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate, multiple jet device is installed, open ball valve, by regulating the second flow speed control valve to regulate effluxvelocity, keep equating with the mainstream speed of step (1) the pressure differential p that while recording different jet speed, differential pressure instrumentation obtains simultaneously
j;
(3) drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface conduit of porous cover plate represents with drag reducing efficiency DR:
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| CN107219057A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oxygen mix equipment hydrodynamics method of testing |
| CN107631958A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-01-26 | 重庆大学 | A kind of small test device for testing super hydrophobic material resistance reducing performance |
| CN108760232A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-06 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of experimental rig and test method for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism |
| CN110514399A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-29 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of controllable single-phase flow flow field generating device of array |
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| CN113092314A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 西安工程大学 | Super-hydrophobic surface resistance reduction performance testing device under high flow rate |
| CN113267321A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-17 | 华北电力大学 | Drag reduction system and method based on photo-thermal bubble bed drag reduction surface |
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