CN102998087A - Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface - Google Patents
Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN102998087A CN102998087A CN2012104878745A CN201210487874A CN102998087A CN 102998087 A CN102998087 A CN 102998087A CN 2012104878745 A CN2012104878745 A CN 2012104878745A CN 201210487874 A CN201210487874 A CN 201210487874A CN 102998087 A CN102998087 A CN 102998087A
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Abstract
The invention provides a resistance testing device suitable for a jet flow surface and a non-smooth surface. The resistance testing device comprises a model, a jet flow portion and a driving portion. The model is hollow, and a casing with an open groove is arranged at the bottom of the model. The jet flow portion comprises a water tank, a submerged pump, a test sample and a rectifying plate, the water tank is fixed at the bottom of the model, an opening of the water tank corresponds to the open groove at the bottom of the model, the submerged pump is arranged in the water tank, a water inlet of the submerged pump is communicated with the outside, the rectifying plate 3 is arranged in the water tank and located behind a water outlet of the submerged pump, and the test sample is installed at the position of the open groove at the bottom of the model. The driving portion comprises a motor installed in the model and a screw propeller driven by the motor. The resistance testing device suitable for the jet flow surface and the non-smooth surface is simple in structure, low in cost, easy in test condition control and capable of testing frictional resistance of the jet flow surface and the non-smooth surface moving on a two-dimensional plane.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of proving installation of frictional resistance, and a kind of test fluid flow that can be used in is particularly useful for the drag-reduction effect test to jet surface to the proving installation of different surfaces frictional resistance specifically.
Background technology
Can be applicable at present to flow, the experimental provision of frictional resistance test mainly contains water hole, wind-tunnel, pond and tank between the liquid/solid interface.Method is by experiment come Study of Fluid frictional resistance characteristic, has obtained many important turbulent flow phenomenons, and vital effect has been played in the development of propulsive fluid drag reduction theory.When aircraft was advanced in fluid, power source was mainly used in overcoming frictional resistance, and reduce its surface friction drag and not only improved flying power and headway, and can energy savings.For the research of drag reduction technology, has very high practical value.According to theoretical calculate, in the situation that power and energy is certain, if resistance is reduced 10%, then cruise speed and voyage can increase approximately 3.57% simultaneously.Therefore one of design studies can be assessed fluid the proving installation of the frictional resistance of different surfaces is seemed particularly important, especially when using the jet surface drag reduction technology, can assess its drag-reduction effect.Mostly adopt the devices such as water hole and tank in traditional fluid dynamics research, its cost is high, and is costly, experiment condition is wayward, complex structure, and adopt closed circular tube structure more, greatly limit its Test Application field, more can't carry out the experiment of jet surface resistance measurement.Existing towing proving installation is subject to again pond length, and somewhat expensive.How to make proving installation simple, reliable, and can assess the different surfaces drag-reduction effect, for practical application provides reliable basis, still have problems.Above-mentioned proving installation is used for Practical teaching or the non-smooth surface research and comparison is applicable, but its limiting factor is many, can't widespread use, and can't carry out the jet surface Research of Drag Reduction.And mostly present jet surface fluid friction proving installation is " rotary ", not only measures complicatedly, and precision is not high, and during rotation, and the situation more complicated of water flow field can't accurate evaluation, has more increased difficulty of test; Realize that simultaneously jetting method is complicated, difficulty realizes, and differs more with reality, and cogency is not strong.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, with low cost, the manageable resistance measurement device that is adapted to jet surface and non-smooth surface that can realize the two dimensional surface motion of experiment condition.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Comprise model, jet part and drive part;
Described model is hollow, the slotted housing in bottom;
Described jet partly comprises water tank, submersible pump, experiment exemplar and cowling panel, it is corresponding with the fluting of model bottom that water tank is fixed on the opening of model bottom and water tank, submersible pump places water tank inner, the water inlet of submersible pump communicates with the external world, cowling panel 3 is arranged at water tank inside and is positioned at after the water delivering orifice of submersible pump, and the experiment exemplar is installed on the fluting place of model bottom;
Described drive part comprises the motor that is installed in the model and by described motor-driven screw propeller.
The present invention can also comprise:
1, described cowling panel is two, and there is the twice slot water tank inside, and described cowling panel is embedded in the described slot.
2, described motor is fixed on the water tank, and motor output shaft links to each other with gear shaft by shaft coupling, is provided with driving gear set between gear shaft and the transmission shaft, is provided with packoff between transmission shaft and the model, and screw propeller is installed on the transmission shaft.
After submersible pump in the jet part starts, realization continues to supply water in water tank, motor in the drive part is as power source, the rotation of drive screw propeller, the driving proving installation travels, the Negotiation speed sensor is measured, compares, is analyzed the travel speeds of the proving installation under the many groups of experiment exemplar conditions under identical operating mode, in the same time, assesses the drag-reduction effect of jet surface and non-smooth surface.
Size that can be by changing jet orifice on the experiment exemplar, arrange, shape, surface topography or the drag-reduction effect of simulating proving installation traveling process under the different condition and assessment jet surface and non-smooth surface structure at the non-smooth surface of its surface working different structure.
Test process is under the identical operating mode of identical starting condition, measure the travel speed of proving installation same time point in the experiment exemplar situation of smooth surface and jet surface (non-smooth surface), assess the drag-reduction effect of jet surface (non-smooth surface) by versus speed.Measure main Negotiation speed sensor, in order to collect accurately the velocity amplitude in the proving installation driving process.
The present invention has following advantage: can realize the frictional resistance test of two dimensional surface motion, more existing " rotary " proving installation has more cogency, and method of testing is simply effective.The jet supply mode adopts the submersible pump continuous supplying to give, and conserve space simplifies the structure, and noise is little; Drive part adopts spur-gear mechanism, effectively reduces vibration, makes simultaneously the whole decentralization of device, and stability increases, and makes measurement result more accurate; The experiment exemplar is the core of device, be easy to dismounting, easy to process, and experiment exemplar surface can process different non-smooth surface structures (such as V-type, pit etc.) as required, or has the jet orifice of difformity aperture, different large small-bore, different jet angle, varying number, different arrangement modes; This experiment is control experiment, after the experiment of finishing in certain experiment exemplar situation, only needs to change the experiment exemplar, need not to dismantle other parts, and experiment exemplar Renewal process is simple, processing ease, save time; Proving installation has realized that water circuit flows, and need not the external world water source is provided, and saves cost, and is pollution-free; Proving installation integral installation, processing ease.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: be jet part-structure figure;
Fig. 2: be the cowling panel schematic diagram;
Fig. 3: be experiment exemplar schematic diagram;
Fig. 4: be the drive part structural drawing;
Fig. 5: be the proving installation front view;
Fig. 6: be the control section process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with description of drawings specific implementation process of the present invention:
In conjunction with Fig. 5 and 6, the present invention mainly comprises jet part I, drive part II and three parts of control section: jet part I, be the core of this device, and mainly formed by water tank 2, submersible pump 4, experiment exemplar 8, cowling panel 3; The drive part II mainly is comprised of motor 33, shaft coupling 32, transmission shaft 20, packoff, screw propeller 31; Control section, motor 33 are by frequency converter frequency modulation adjusting rotary speed, and motor 33, transmitter and transformer are by storage battery power supply, and submersible pump 4 is by transformer control flow.
Structure in conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and 3 jets part is: model 1 inside is designed to hollow-core construction, purpose is that anti-locking apparatus integral body is too heavy, can't guarantee that it can be at floating on water, and the while can be laid drive unit and jet feedway therein, not only save the space, and effectively reduce vibration.Have one with water tank 2 sizes in the bottom of model 1 and test the through hole fluting that exemplar 8 sizes are complementary, be used for fixing experiment exemplar 8.8 screws of water tank 2 usefulness are fixed on the fluting place, adopt gasket seal 7 to seal between fluting and the water tank 2, prevent that the water in the water tank 2 from leaking.Have a hole at water tank 2 sidewalls, purpose is the link tester of submersible pump 4 can be crossed this hole to be connected with outside transformer, and this hole exits place, prevents in the water outflow access to plant cavity its sealing by half round clamp 6 and gasket seal 5.Submersible pump is placed in the water tank 2, is fixed on model 1 bottom by two screws, open in the place that model 1 and submersible pump 4 bottom connections touch one with the through hole of submersible pump 4 water inlet sizes coupling, make submersible pump water inlet and exterior.Can directly absorb water from outside current, be equipped with gasket seal simultaneously between the base plate of submersible pump 4 and model 1, anti-sealing leaks.Submersible pump 4 pumps into water tank with outside current, for the water that prevents the discharge from submersible pump 4 is direct splashing on the experiment exemplar 8, affect near the flow field of jet orifice, cause measurement result that deviation is arranged, be embedded in two cowling panels 3 at water tank, realize the water that pumps in the submersible pump 4 is carried out rectification function.Experiment exemplar 8 is installed on the base plate of model 1 by 8 screws, and seals by gasket seal 9 between the model 1, and experiment exemplar 8 surfaces have the jet orifice that some rules are arranged, and jet forms thus.The non-smooth surface structure that experiment exemplar 8 surfaces can also process different size satisfies requirement of experiment.
Jet some work principle:
Before the experiment beginning, start submersible pump 4, external water stream supplies water to water tank 2 by submersible pump 4, until experiment beginning when it is full of.In experimentation, submersible pump 4 is in opening always, namely feeds water at continuous supplying in water tank 2 always, because water tank 2 be water tank, be equipped with in its bottom and test exemplar 8, the pressure in water tank 2 is during greater than external pressure, the water by experiment jet orifice in the exemplar 8 is discharged, and forms jet.Under water tank 2 water-filled states, the flow of the water that jet is gone out in the flow that supplies water in the water tank 2 and the jet orifice equates, can reach by the drain discharge of controlling submersible pump 4 purpose of adjusting effluxvelocity.Cowling panel 3 purposes are that the water that pumps in the submersible pump 4 is carried out rectification.Experiment can also be by changing experiment exemplar 8 surperficial jet apertures, hole direction and the hole factor such as arrange, the near wall region drag-reduction effect when testing the navigation of different condition lower device.Also the surface design of experiment exemplar 8 can be become real hull local surfaces structure, realize the sailing condition of the aircraft such as nearly Actual Simulation boats and ships.When doing the resistance measurement of non-smooth surface, should go out corresponding non-smooth surface (such as V-type, T-shaped, groove, pit, prominent bag etc.) structure in experiment exemplar 8 surface working, only need to change and test exemplar 8 and do not need to dismantle other parts, simultaneously when doing the experiment of non-smooth surface resistance measurement, need not submersible pump 4 work, namely do not need to provide jet to supply with.
In conjunction with Fig. 4,5, the constituting of drive part: adopt motor 33 to drive screw propellers.Connect by shaft coupling 32 between motor shaft and the gear shaft 14, can realize transfer of torque.Gear shaft 14 is installed in the bearing seat 16, and the end with its sealing, prevents spilled oil by end cap 18.At gear shaft 14 pair of horns contact ball bearing 15 is installed, bearing is by end cap 18, roundlet nut 17 and shaft shoulder location.Gear wheel 22 is installed on the low-speed shaft 20, by the shaft shoulder and roundlet nut 21 location.Gear shaft 14 and slow-speed shaft 20 connect diaxon by gear drive.In slow-speed shaft 20 both sides pair of horns contact ball bearing 13 is installed, bearing is by the shaft shoulder and shaft end ring 19 location; Slow-speed shaft 20 ends are equipped with screw propeller 31, connect by key 27 between screw propeller 31 and the slow-speed shaft 20, be provided with O type rubber seal 26 in screw propeller 31 propeller hub ends, its objective is to prevent that water from flowing into screw propeller 31 propeller hubs inside, O-ring seal 26 compresses by gland 25.Screw propeller 31 is by slotted nut 29 and split pin 30 location.In screw propeller 31 ends radome fairing 28 is installed, is its objective is and stablize near screw propeller 31 flow fields, pass through thread connection between radome fairing 28 and screw propeller 31 propeller hubs.Because the working environment of proving installation is in water, so need design packoff in slow-speed shaft 20 and model 1 connection place, packoff mainly is comprised of a set of cups 10, end cap 12, filler 24, lining 23 etc.By a set of cups 10 filler 24 is covered, owing to being soft packing, need to pass through end cap 12 and lining 23 with its compression, can and adjust pad 11 and regulate the gap by screw.
The drive part principle of work:
During the experiment beginning, motor 33 is started by storage battery power supply, and shaft coupling 32 passes to gear shaft 14 with the moment of torsion of motor, is transferred torque on the slow-speed shaft 20 by cogwheel gearing, and the moment of resistance that can overcome thus screw propeller 31 gets into smooth it.After slow-speed shaft 20 rotations, drive screw propeller 31 rotations by flat key 27, effectively transfer torque on the screw propeller 31, in order to offer proving installation power, make it to overtake.Adopt the form that compresses lining 23 with end cap 12 at slow-speed shaft 20 and model 1 connection place packoff, by lining 23 soft packing 24 is compressed again, and filler 24 places a set of cups 10, can be effectively with its sealing by compacted filler 24.
In conjunction with Fig. 6, control section relates to the adjusting of effluxvelocity and the adjusting of the model speed of a ship or plane, and the former is to be submersible pump 4 power supply by accumulator, and the middle supply voltage that changes submersible pump 4 by transformer realizes regulating the water discharge of submersible pump 4; The latter is motor 33 power supplies by accumulator, by the frequency of frequency converter regulating electric machine 33, realizes the adjusting of rotating speed, and then reaches the adjusting to the proving installation speed of a ship or plane.Assess the drag-reduction effect of jet surface (non-smooth surface) structure in the experimentation by comparing the headway of same time build-in test device in smooth surface and jet surface (non-smooth surface) situation.
Claims (3)
1. resistance measurement device that is adapted to jet surface and non-smooth surface is characterized in that:
Comprise model, jet part and drive part;
Described model is hollow, the slotted housing in bottom;
Described jet partly comprises water tank, submersible pump, experiment exemplar and cowling panel, it is corresponding with the fluting of model bottom that water tank is fixed on the opening of model bottom and water tank, submersible pump places water tank inner, the water inlet of submersible pump communicates with the external world, cowling panel 3 is arranged at water tank inside and is positioned at after the water delivering orifice of submersible pump, and the experiment exemplar is installed on the fluting place of model bottom;
Described drive part comprises the motor that is installed in the model and by described motor-driven screw propeller.
2. a kind of resistance measurement device that is adapted to jet surface and non-smooth surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cowling panel is two, and there is the twice slot water tank inside, and described cowling panel is embedded in the described slot.
3. a kind of resistance measurement device that is adapted to jet surface and non-smooth surface according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described motor is fixed on the water tank, motor output shaft links to each other with gear shaft by shaft coupling, be provided with driving gear set between gear shaft and the transmission shaft, be provided with packoff between transmission shaft and the model, screw propeller is installed on the transmission shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210487874.5A CN102998087B (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210487874.5A CN102998087B (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface |
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| CN102998087A true CN102998087A (en) | 2013-03-27 |
| CN102998087B CN102998087B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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| CN201210487874.5A Expired - Fee Related CN102998087B (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103487233A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-01 | 北京工业大学 | Laminar flow trough used for generating laminar flow flowing |
| CN103528789A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2014-01-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device for testing jet flow drag reduction effect of two-dimensional plane |
| CN103575501A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Experimental device suitable for testing friction resistance of jet flow surface and non-smooth surface |
| CN103630329A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Testing device and method for evaluating drag-reduction effect of bionic jet surface |
| CN103674480A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Test device and method for evaluating resistance reduction effect of bionic non-smooth surface rotating disc |
| CN103743542A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Testing device and method for evaluating resistance reducing effect of porous bionic jet flow surface |
| CN105771566A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Modular experiment section of inertial grade blade |
| CN106092505A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of drag reduction surface based on bionical jet |
| CN109632242A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-16 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Special material skin resistance measuring device in a kind of supersonic wind tunnel |
| CN110579331A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-17 | 中国计量大学 | bionic jet test device for cavitation resistance of surface of hydrofoil |
| CN112078747A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-15 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Flow calibration device and calibration method suitable for T-shaped nozzle of water jet propulsion ship model |
| CN112197931A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-08 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Control method of pure gas jet wind tunnel |
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| CN103487233A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-01 | 北京工业大学 | Laminar flow trough used for generating laminar flow flowing |
| CN103528789B (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2015-12-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Jet flow drag reduction effect of two-dimensional plane proving installation |
| CN103528789A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2014-01-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device for testing jet flow drag reduction effect of two-dimensional plane |
| CN103575501A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Experimental device suitable for testing friction resistance of jet flow surface and non-smooth surface |
| CN103674480B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-01-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | The test method of assessment bionic non-smooth surface rotating circular disk drag-reduction effect |
| CN103674480A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Test device and method for evaluating resistance reduction effect of bionic non-smooth surface rotating disc |
| CN103630329A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Testing device and method for evaluating drag-reduction effect of bionic jet surface |
| CN103743542A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Testing device and method for evaluating resistance reducing effect of porous bionic jet flow surface |
| CN103743542B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-12-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | The test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous and method |
| CN105771566B (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2018-04-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Inertia grade blade pattern experiment section |
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| CN106092505A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-09 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of drag reduction surface based on bionical jet |
| CN109632242A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-16 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Special material skin resistance measuring device in a kind of supersonic wind tunnel |
| CN109632242B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-11-20 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Material surface resistance measuring device in supersonic wind tunnel |
| CN110579331A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-17 | 中国计量大学 | bionic jet test device for cavitation resistance of surface of hydrofoil |
| CN112078747A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-15 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Flow calibration device and calibration method suitable for T-shaped nozzle of water jet propulsion ship model |
| CN112078747B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-10-08 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Flow calibration device and calibration method suitable for T-shaped nozzle of water jet propulsion ship model |
| CN112197931A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-08 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Control method of pure gas jet wind tunnel |
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