CN103743542B - The test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous and method - Google Patents
The test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103743542B CN103743542B CN201410027019.5A CN201410027019A CN103743542B CN 103743542 B CN103743542 B CN 103743542B CN 201410027019 A CN201410027019 A CN 201410027019A CN 103743542 B CN103743542 B CN 103743542B
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Abstract
The object of the present invention is to provide test unit and the method for the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous, comprise the loop connecting piece composition of water tank, centrifugal pump, detachable test rectangle pipeline, multiple jet device, high precision differential pressure gauge, electromagnetic flowmeter, flow speed control valve, surplus valve and necessity.Cowling panel is equipped with in multiple jet device inside, can provide stable jet, respectively offers a pressure tap at jet inlet two ends, and this pressure of 2 is introduced high precision differential pressure gauge, to measure the differential pressure of this point-to-point transmission.By pressing extent to assess the drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of porous before and after contrast jet.Test unit of the present invention can realize the test to the bionical jet surface of porous and surface coating structure drag-reduction effect, also can carry out Common fluids mechanical test; Water supply part, can the effluxvelocity of Control experiment model and mainstream speed accurately by coordinating the components and parts such as centrifugal pump, valve, flowmeter, simulates multiple jet environment.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of test unit and test method, and specifically test fluid flow is to the test unit of different structure surface friction drag and test method.
Background technology
At present, both at home and abroad relevant motion drag reduction between scholar's convection cell and solid interface carries out theory study extensively and profoundly and applied research, and successfully to achieve in many-side and be in progress comparatively significantly.Because drag reduction directly can have influence on energy consumption and the mechanical property of equipment, so the research of this problem receives the concern of various countries experts and scholars always, its research method is mainly studied from aspects such as theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, model tests, finally by test sample in comparison test device resistance reducing performance and draw required conclusion, and then to put into again in practical implementation.Test method, as the important means of Study of Fluid drag reduction, serves very important effect to the development of propulsive fluid drag reduction theory, the proposition of fluid mechanics new phenomenon and new theory, generally needs convection cell to carry out a large amount of testing experiment.Bionical jet surface can reduce the frictional resistance between fluid and solid, drag-reduction effect is obvious, it is a kind of brand-new drag reduction technology, the current research for technique mainly concentrates on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation stage, because of the jet surface tester for testing that it does not also have complete set, therefore model test also cannot complete.Traditional drag reduction experimental study is carried out mostly in the environment such as water hole, tank or pond towing, but, due to its involve great expense, costly, bulky, daily servicing is difficult, noise is large, test condition is wayward, test model is complicated, in the various aspects of test condition, all there is certain limitation, and the above device all cannot carry out the research of jet surface drag reduction test, therefore, research and design one is with low cost, structure simple, test jet flow drag reduction tester for testing easily seems particularly important.
At present, the drag reduction test device of non-smooth surface and jet surface focuses mostly in rotating jet method of testing, consumes more tubulence energy.As the patent No. is: 201110089369.0, name is called " test unit of assessment bionic non-smooth surface and bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect " and the patent No. is: 201120070969.8, and name is called " a kind of test unit to frictional resistance test ".
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the test unit and method that can be used in the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of the assessment porous of test fluid flow to different structure surface friction drag.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The present invention assesses the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous, it is characterized in that: comprise water tank, pump, testing conduit, differential manometer, liquid is filled with in water tank, the lower wall of testing conduit is installed smooth surface conduit cover plate or porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, water tank is by the first pipeline connection pump, pump is by the entrance of the second pipeline connection testing conduit, the outlet of test pipe is by the 3rd pipeline connection water tank, smooth surface conduit cover plate is arranged first group of pressure tap, porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate arranges second group of pressure tap, first group of pressure tap and second group of pressure tap all have two, and present position is identical, when porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, multiple jet device installed by porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, second pipeline draws the 4th pipeline, 4th pipeline connection multiple jet device, second group of pressure tap lays respectively at the both sides of multiple jet device, and the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on two holes place of second group of pressure tap respectively, when installing smooth surface conduit cover plate on the lower wall of testing conduit, the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on two holes place of first group of pressure tap respectively.
The test unit that the present invention assesses the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous can also comprise:
1, the second pipeline between pump and the 4th pipeline is drawn the 5th pipeline, the 5th pipeline connection water tank.
2, the second pipeline is installed the first flow speed control valve, flowmeter, the first tensimeter, mounting ball valve, the second flow speed control valve, the second tensimeter on the 4th pipeline.
3, the 5th pipeline installs surplus valve.
4, described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
The present invention assesses the test method of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous, it is characterized in that: adopt following test unit: comprise water tank, pump, testing conduit, differential manometer, liquid is filled with in water tank, the lower wall of testing conduit is installed smooth surface conduit cover plate or porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, water tank is by the first pipeline connection pump, pump is by the entrance of the second pipeline connection testing conduit, the outlet of test pipe is by the 3rd pipeline connection water tank, smooth surface conduit cover plate is arranged first group of pressure tap, porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate arranges second group of pressure tap, first group of pressure tap and second group of pressure tap all have two, and present position is identical, when porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, multiple jet device installed by porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, second pipeline draws the 4th pipeline, 4th pipeline connection multiple jet device, second group of pressure tap lays respectively at the both sides of multiple jet device, and the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on two holes place of second group of pressure tap respectively, when installing smooth surface conduit cover plate on the lower wall of testing conduit, the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on two holes place of first group of pressure tap respectively,
The second pipeline between pump and the 4th pipeline is drawn the 5th pipeline, the 5th pipeline connection water tank; Second pipeline is installed the first flow speed control valve, flowmeter, the first tensimeter, mounting ball valve, the second flow speed control valve, the second tensimeter on the 4th pipeline; 5th pipeline installs surplus valve;
(1) lower wall of testing conduit installs smooth surface conduit cover plate, close ball valve, start pump, delivery side of pump pressure is regulated by regulation relief valve, regulate fluid velocity in testing conduit and mainstream speed by the first flow speed control valve and first-class gauge, record the pressure differential p that differential pressure gauge records simultaneously
s;
(2) smooth surface conduit cover plate is taken off, and porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, multiple jet device installed by porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, open ball valve, effluxvelocity is regulated by regulating the second flow speed control valve, keep equal with the mainstream speed of step (1), the pressure differential p that when recording different jet speed, differential pressure measures simultaneously
j;
(3) drag-reduction effect of porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate represents with drag reducing efficiency DR, then:
Advantage of the present invention is: cost of the present invention is low, compact conformation, volume are little, daily servicing is convenient, noise is low; Test unit can realize the test to the bionical jet surface of porous and surface coating structure drag-reduction effect, also can carry out Common fluids mechanical test; Water supply part, can the effluxvelocity of Control experiment model and mainstream speed accurately by coordinating the components and parts such as centrifugal pump, valve, flowmeter, simulates multiple jet environment; Recycling of water is achieved, environmental protection and energy saving in process of the test, pollution-free.
The present invention adopts the fluid friction resistance of high precision differential pressure gauge to bionical jet surface test and evaluate its drag-reduction effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is rectangular duct schematic diagram a, Fig. 2 b of the present invention be rectangular duct schematic diagram b, Fig. 2 c of the present invention is rectangular duct schematic diagram c of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is conduit cover plate schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing citing, the present invention is described in more detail:
Composition graphs 1 ~ 3, the present invention includes water tank 1, centrifugal pump 2, detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, high precision differential pressure gauge 17, electromagnetic flowmeter 5, flow speed control valve 4,20, tensimeter 6,10, multiple jet device 18, surplus valve 3 and necessity loop connecting piece composition.Wherein detachable test rectangle pipeline 8 comprises rectangular duct 14 and conduit cover plate 15 two parts, only needs to change conduit cover plate 15 when needing the drag-reduction effect measuring different surfaces structure; Grid cowling panel 12 is equipped with in multiple jet device 18 inside, and the Jetstream fluid of multiple jet can be made more uniform and stable.On conduit cover plate 15, streamwise offers two pressure taps 16, this pressure of 2 is introduced high precision differential pressure gauge 17, to measure the pressure differential of this point-to-point transmission, the pressure differential recorded by contrast smooth surface conduit cover plate with when the conduit cover plate of multiple jet device is housed assesses the drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of porous.
The concrete steps of porous of the present invention bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect evaluation method are:
A, smooth surface conduit cover plate installed by detachable test rectangle pipeline and closes the ball valve on fluid conduit, start centrifugal pump, delivery side of pump pressure is regulated by regulation relief valve, regulated the mainstream speed of test rectangle pipeline by flow speed control valve and flowmeter, record the pressure differential p that high precision differential pressure gauge records simultaneously
s;
B, on detachable test rectangle pipeline, multiple jet surface groove road cover plate and multiple jet device are installed, open ball valve, by regulating flow speed control valve to regulate effluxvelocity, keep equal with the mainstream speed of step a, the pressure differential p that when recording different jet speed, high precision differential pressure gauge records simultaneously
j;
The drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of c, porous represents with drag reducing efficiency DR, and computing method are:
Drag reducing efficiency DR is larger, and drag-reduction effect is better.Mainstream speed of the present invention, effluxvelocity, jet orifice number, jet orifice diameter is adjustable, can analyze the influence factor of multiple drag-reduction effect.
The present invention includes main flow circulation line, jet-loop pipeline two parts composition.Main flow circulation line comprises the loop web member of water tank 1, centrifugal pump 2, surplus valve 3, flow speed control valve 4, electromagnetic flowmeter 5, tensimeter 6, testing conduit 8, two pressure taps 16, high precision differential pressure gauge 17 and necessity.Wherein two pressure taps 16 are connected with high precision differential pressure gauge 17, and two pressure taps 16 lay respectively at the both sides of jet pipe entrance 19, for measuring the pressure differential of 2, and assessed the drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of porous by the change of the pressure differential contrasting at before and after jet 2.
Fluid conduit comprises the loop web member of water tank 1, centrifugal pump 2, surplus valve 3, flow speed control valve 20, tensimeter 10, jet pipe entrance 19, ball valve 9 and necessity.Jet orifice number, jet orifice diameter, effluxvelocity and mainstream speed are adjustable, and the pressure differential recorded by contrast smooth surface conduit cover plate and jet surface conduit cover plate assesses the drag-reduction effect of each factor of the bionical jet surface of porous.
The concrete steps of the evaluation method of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous are:
A, smooth surface conduit cover plate installed by detachable test rectangle pipeline 8 and closes the ball valve 9 on fluid conduit, start centrifugal pump 2, the top hole pressure of pump 2 is regulated by regulation relief valve 3, regulated the mainstream speed of test rectangle pipeline 8 by flow speed control valve 4 and flowmeter 5, record the pressure differential p that high precision differential pressure gauge 17 records simultaneously
s;
B, on detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, multiple jet surface groove road cover plate and multiple jet device 18 are installed, open ball valve 9, effluxvelocity is regulated by regulating flow speed control valve 20, keep equal with the mainstream speed of step a, the pressure differential p that when recording different jet speed, high precision differential pressure gauge 17 records simultaneously
j;
The drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of c, porous represents with drag reducing efficiency DR, and computing method are:
Drag reducing efficiency DR is larger, and drag-reduction effect is better.
D, change a factor in mainstream speed, effluxvelocity, jet orifice number, jet orifice diameter four drag reduction factors or multiple factor respectively, the pressure differential that record differential pressure gauge records, and contrast with the pressure differential recorded during smooth surface under identical mainstream speed, can the drag-reduction effect under single factor test and various factors coupling situation be analyzed.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
The present invention supplies water to main flow circulation line and jet-loop pipeline by driving centrifugal pump 2, is regulated the top hole pressure of centrifugal pump 2 by surplus valve 3.The test entrance 7 of testing conduit and the speed of jet pipe entrance 19 is regulated respectively by regulating flow speed control valve 4 and flow speed control valve 20.On conduit cover plate 15, jet pipe entrance about 19 offers two pressure taps 16, the force value recorded is introduced high precision differential pressure gauge 17, compares by the pressure difference recorded smooth surface conduit cover plate and jet surface conduit cover plate the drag-reduction effect detecting the bionical jet surface of porous.
The present invention assesses the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous, comprises the loop connecting piece composition of water tank 1, centrifugal pump 2, surplus valve 3, flow speed control valve 4 and 20, ball valve 9, electromagnetic flowmeter 5, tensimeter 6 and 10, detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, multiple jet device 18, high precision differential pressure gauge 17 and necessity; Wherein, multiple jet device 18 comprises jet orifice plate 11 and grid cowling panel 12 two parts.
In the exit of centrifugal pump 2, surplus valve 3 is installed, the top hole pressure of pump 2 can have been regulated.
Main flow line and jet branch road are installed flow speed control valve 4 and 20 and tensimeter 6 and 10 respectively, the speed of detachable test rectangle pipeline 8 and jet pipe entrance 19 can have been regulated respectively.
Detachable test rectangle pipeline 8 comprises rectangular duct 14 and conduit cover plate 15 two parts, can change conduit cover plate 15 according to the difference of measuring object.
Two pressure taps 16 are offered along flowing to direction in the both sides of multiple jet device 18 installation site on conduit cover plate 15, and the pressure of 2 is introduced high precision differential pressure gauge 17, to record the pressure differential of 2, test rectangle pipeline.
By changing jet orifice number on jet orifice plate 11 and jet orifice diameter, the drag-reduction effect of porous bionical jet surface when can assess different jet bore dia.
The present invention assesses the method for the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous: when conduit cover plate 15 is smooth surface when not adding jet, the inlet velocity of test rectangle pipeline 8 is regulated, the pressure differential that when recording different mainstream speed, differential pressure measures simultaneously by flow speed control valve 4, electromagnetic flowmeter 5 and tensimeter 6; Smooth surface conduit cover plate is changed into the jet surface conduit cover plate 15 that multiple jet device 18 is housed, by the speed regulating flow speed control valve 20 to regulate jet inlet, the pressure differential that when recording different jet speed, differential pressure measures simultaneously, during by contrasting identical mainstream speed, the pressure differential of smooth surface and the bionical jet surface of porous assesses the drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of porous.
The method concrete steps of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous are:
A, smooth surface conduit cover plate installed by detachable test rectangle pipeline 8 and closes the ball valve 9 on fluid conduit, start centrifugal pump 2, the top hole pressure of pump 2 is regulated by regulation relief valve 3, regulated the mainstream speed of test rectangle pipeline 8 by flow speed control valve 4 and flowmeter 5, record the pressure differential p that high precision differential pressure gauge 17 records simultaneously
s;
B, on detachable test rectangle pipeline 8, multiple jet surface groove road cover plate and multiple jet device 18 are installed, open ball valve 9, effluxvelocity is regulated by regulating flow speed control valve 20, keep equal with the mainstream speed of step a, the pressure differential p that when recording different jet speed, high precision differential pressure gauge 17 records simultaneously
j;
The drag-reduction effect of the bionical jet surface of c, porous represents with drag reducing efficiency DR, and computing method are:
Drag reducing efficiency DR is larger, and drag-reduction effect is better.Mainstream speed of the present invention, effluxvelocity, jet orifice number, jet orifice diameter is adjustable, can analyze the influence factor of multiple drag-reduction effect.
Claims (10)
1. assess the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous, it is characterized in that: comprise water tank, pump, testing conduit, differential manometer, liquid is filled with in water tank, the lower wall of testing conduit is installed smooth surface conduit cover plate or porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, water tank is by the first pipeline connection pump, pump is by the entrance of the second pipeline connection testing conduit, the outlet of testing conduit is by the 3rd pipeline connection water tank, smooth surface conduit cover plate is arranged first group of pressure tap, porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate arranges second group of pressure tap, first group of pressure tap and second group of pressure tap all have two, and present position is identical, when porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, multiple jet device installed by porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, second pipeline draws the 4th pipeline, 4th pipeline connection multiple jet device, second group of pressure tap lays respectively at the both sides of multiple jet device, and the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on two holes place of second group of pressure tap respectively, when installing smooth surface conduit cover plate on the lower wall of testing conduit, the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on two holes place of first group of pressure tap respectively.
2. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the second pipeline between pump and the 4th pipeline is drawn the 5th pipeline, the 5th pipeline connection water tank.
3. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the second pipeline is installed the first flow speed control valve, flowmeter and the first tensimeter, mounting ball valve, the second flow speed control valve and the second tensimeter on the 4th pipeline.
4. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the 5th pipeline installs surplus valve.
5. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the second pipeline is installed the first flow speed control valve, flowmeter and the first tensimeter, mounting ball valve, the second flow speed control valve and the second tensimeter on the 4th pipeline.
6. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
7. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
8. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
9. the test unit of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of assessment porous according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described testing conduit is rectangle, and the inside of testing conduit comprises rectangular duct.
10. assess the test method of the bionical jet surface drag-reduction effect of porous, it is characterized in that: adopt following test unit: comprise water tank, pump, testing conduit, differential manometer, liquid is filled with in water tank, the lower wall of testing conduit is installed smooth surface conduit cover plate or porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, water tank is by the first pipeline connection pump, pump is by the entrance of the second pipeline connection testing conduit, the outlet of testing conduit is by the 3rd pipeline connection water tank, smooth surface conduit cover plate is arranged first group of pressure tap, porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate arranges second group of pressure tap, first group of pressure tap and second group of pressure tap all have two, and present position is identical, when porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, multiple jet device installed by porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, second pipeline draws the 4th pipeline, 4th pipeline connection multiple jet device, second group of pressure tap lays respectively at the both sides of multiple jet device, and the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on two holes place of second group of pressure tap respectively, when installing smooth surface conduit cover plate on the lower wall of testing conduit, the two ends of differential manometer are arranged on two holes place of first group of pressure tap respectively,
The second pipeline between pump and the 4th pipeline is drawn the 5th pipeline, the 5th pipeline connection water tank; Second pipeline is installed the first flow speed control valve, flowmeter and the first tensimeter, mounting ball valve, the second flow speed control valve and the second tensimeter on the 4th pipeline; 5th pipeline installs surplus valve;
(1) lower wall of testing conduit installs smooth surface conduit cover plate, close ball valve, start pump, delivery side of pump pressure is regulated by regulation relief valve, regulate fluid velocity in testing conduit and mainstream speed by the first flow speed control valve and flowmeter, record the pressure differential p that differential manometer records simultaneously
s;
(2) smooth surface conduit cover plate is taken off, and porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate is installed on the lower wall of testing conduit, multiple jet device installed by porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate, open ball valve, effluxvelocity is regulated by regulating the second flow speed control valve, keep equal with the mainstream speed of step (1), the pressure differential p that when recording different jet speed, differential manometer records simultaneously
j;
(3) drag-reduction effect of porous bionical jet surface conduit cover plate represents with drag reducing efficiency DR, then:
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| CN113267321A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-17 | 华北电力大学 | Drag reduction system and method based on photo-thermal bubble bed drag reduction surface |
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