CN109653737B - Experimental device for simulating thickened oil heat dissipation law - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating thickened oil heat dissipation law Download PDFInfo
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- CN109653737B CN109653737B CN201710944509.5A CN201710944509A CN109653737B CN 109653737 B CN109653737 B CN 109653737B CN 201710944509 A CN201710944509 A CN 201710944509A CN 109653737 B CN109653737 B CN 109653737B
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 56
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 steam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010796 Steam-assisted gravity drainage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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Abstract
The invention provides an experimental device for simulating a thickened oil heat dissipation rule, which comprises an injection system, a model system, a measurement and control system, a computer acquisition and processing system and an auxiliary system, wherein the model system adopts a tubular model to carry out an experimental oil layer simulation test, a sand bath model is utilized to carry out real-time temperature compensation or heat dissipation, the injection system injects oil, chemical agents, steam, water and foam into the model system, the auxiliary system controls core outlet pressure and oil-gas-water metering, the measurement and control system acquires parameters of the injection system, the model system and the auxiliary system during working and transmits control signals, and the computer acquisition and processing system is connected with the measurement and control system, receives working parameters acquired by the measurement and control system to carry out data processing and transmits the control signals to the measurement and control system. The experimental device for simulating the thickened oil heat dissipation law can simulate the influence of heat loss on recovery ratio under different thermal recovery displacement modes, and evaluate the displacement efficiency and injection parameter optimization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an indoor experimental device for a petroleum thermal recovery process, in particular to an experimental device for simulating a thickened oil heat dissipation rule.
Background
The currently used thick oil thermal recovery process indoor experimental device mainly comprises linear, flat and three-dimensional physical simulation devices, the experimental devices are mainly used for simulating the influence of different oil reservoir geological parameters (permeability, oil saturation, crude oil viscosity, oil layer heterogeneity and the like) on thermal recovery effects and the influence of different injection and production process modes on oil displacement effects, the influence of heat loss on recovery efficiency in the thermal recovery process cannot be described, the oil displacement and heat dissipation mechanisms of development modes such as steam flooding, chemical steam flooding, steam huff and puff back steam flooding and chemical auxiliary SAGD cannot be deeply explored, the on-site oil reservoir thermal recovery management guidance effect is small, and the application prospect of new on-site technology is influenced. Therefore, the experimental device for simulating the thickened oil heat dissipation law is invented, and the technical problems are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thickened oil heat dissipation rule experimental device which has the multi-parameter functions of simulating complex permeability, different crude oil viscosities and the like, and can simulate heat dissipation rules of heat under different thermal recovery displacement modes such as steam flooding, gas flooding, chemical flooding, compound flooding and the like and influence of heat loss on recovery ratio in the thermal recovery process.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: the experimental device for simulating the thick oil heat dissipation rule comprises an injection system, a model system, a measurement and control system, a computer acquisition and processing system and an auxiliary system, wherein the model system adopts a tubular model to carry out an experimental oil layer simulation test, a sand bath model is utilized to carry out real-time temperature compensation or heat dissipation, the injection system is connected with the model system, oil, chemical agents, steam, water and foam are injected into the model system, the auxiliary system is connected with the model system to control core outlet pressure and oil-gas-water metering, the measurement and control system is connected with the injection system, the model system and the auxiliary system to acquire parameters of the injection system, the model system and the auxiliary system during operation and transmit control signals to the injection system, the model system and the auxiliary system, the computer acquisition and processing system is connected with the measurement and control system to receive working parameters acquired by the measurement and control system to carry out data processing, and transmit the control signals to the measurement and control system.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures:
the injection system comprises an oil and chemical agent injection module, a steam and water injection module and a foam generation module, wherein the oil and chemical agent injection module is connected with the model system, the oil and chemical agent is injected into the model system, the steam and water injection module is connected with the model system, the steam and water are injected into the model system, the foam generation module is connected with the model system, and the foam is injected into the model system.
The oil and chemical agent injection module comprises a constant pressure pump, a first intermediate heating container, a second intermediate heating container, a third intermediate heating container and a stirring piston container, wherein one end of the first intermediate heating container is connected with the constant pressure pump, the other end of the first intermediate heating container is connected with the stirring piston container, one end of the second intermediate heating container is connected with the constant pressure pump, the other end of the second intermediate heating container is connected with the stirring piston container, one end of the third intermediate heating container is connected with the constant pressure pump, the other end of the third intermediate heating container is connected with the stirring piston container, the stirring piston container is connected with the model system, displacement liquid is driven into the lower ends of the first intermediate heating container, the second intermediate heating container and the third intermediate heating container by adopting the constant pressure pump, so that oil or chemical agent at the upper ends of the first intermediate heating container, the second intermediate heating container and the third intermediate heating container is ejected out, and enters the model system through the stirring piston container.
The steam and water injection module comprises a steam generator and a heating pipeline, one end of the steam generator is connected with the constant pressure pump, the other end of the steam generator is connected with the model system through the heating pipeline, the constant pressure pump provides different flow of liquid for the steam generator, the steam generator generates steam and can automatically adjust the dryness of the steam, and the heating pipeline is provided with a heating heat insulation device for preventing the heat dissipation of the steam.
The foam generating module comprises a displacement pump, a foaming agent container, a foam generator and an observation window, wherein one end of the foaming agent container is connected with the displacement pump, the other end of the foaming agent container is connected with one end of the foam generator, the other end of the foam generator is connected with one end of the observation window, the displacement pump displaces foaming agent in the foaming agent container into the foam generator, so that foam is generated, the generated foam enters the observation window, and the shape and the size of the foam are observed through the observation window.
The foam generating module further includes a one-way valve and a valve connected in sequence between the viewing window and the modeling system to allow foam to enter the modeling system after exiting the viewing window.
The foam generating module further comprises a high-pressure gas quantitative injection system, a gas pressurizing system, a pneumatic valve and a gas flowmeter, wherein one end of the gas pressurizing system is connected with the high-pressure gas quantitative injection system, the other end of the gas pressurizing system is connected with one end of the pneumatic valve, the other end of the pneumatic valve is connected with one end of the gas flowmeter, the other end of the gas flowmeter is connected with the model system, the high-pressure gas quantitative injection system provides different types of gas sources, the gas pressurizing system pressurizes the gas sources to design requirements, the pneumatic valve controls the gas flow, and the gas flowmeter monitors the gas flow in real time.
The model system also comprises sand bath temperature thermocouples and sand filling pipe temperature thermocouples, 1-7 sand filling pipe temperature thermocouples are arranged on the pipe model, 1-21 sand bath temperature thermocouples are arranged in the sand bath model, the sand bath temperature thermocouples and the sand filling pipe temperature thermocouples are respectively connected to the measurement and control system, and collected sand bath temperature and model pipe temperature data are transmitted to the measurement and control system.
The model system also comprises a bracket, a water jacket, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, an upper cover and an upper cover hinge, wherein a plurality of temperature and pressure measuring points are arranged on the tubular model and are integrally placed in the sand bath model through the bracket, the sand bath model is a cuboid sand box with the length of 1000cm and the width of 400cm and the height of 400cm, simulated stratum sand is arranged in the sand box, a plurality of temperature measuring points are radially and axially arranged in the sand box to detect the temperature change in the simulated steam driving process, the water jacket is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the sand box, the real-time temperature compensation or heat dissipation is carried out on the sand bath model, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the tubular model are respectively provided with the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the same size, so that various fluids can enter and exit the tubular model, the upper cover and the upper cover hinge are arranged on the upper end face of the cuboid sand box, and the upper cover can be freely opened through the upper cover hinge.
The auxiliary system comprises a back pressure control module and an oil-gas-water metering module, wherein the back pressure control module is connected with the model system to control the outlet pressure of the model system, and the oil-gas-water metering module is connected with the back pressure control module to respectively meter oil, gas and water flowing out of the model system.
The back pressure control module comprises a back pressure valve, a constant speed constant pressure pump, a buffer container and a second pressure sensor, wherein the back pressure valve is connected to a pipeline of an outlet of the model system to control the outlet pressure of the model system, the constant speed constant pressure pump is connected with the back pressure valve through the buffer container to regulate the pressure of the back pressure valve, and the second pressure sensor is connected to the back pressure valve and is positioned at the outlet of the model system to measure the pressure value of the outlet of the model system.
The oil-gas-water metering module comprises a gas-liquid separator, a liquid level controller, a heating temperature controller, a gas flowmeter and an oil-water separator, wherein the heating temperature controller is connected with the gas-liquid separator to heat the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is connected with the back pressure valve to separate gas and oil water produced by the model system, the gas flowmeter is connected with the gas-liquid separator to meter the separated gas, the liquid level controller is connected with the gas-liquid separator, the separated oil water flows out from the gas-liquid separator and enters the liquid level controller to control the oil water quantity, and the oil-water separator is connected with the liquid level controller to separate the oil water.
The oil-gas-water metering module further comprises a rotation positioning controller of the collecting bottle and a plurality of collecting bottles, wherein the collecting bottles are connected to the oil-water separator and placed on the rotation positioning controller of the collecting bottle to collect separated oil and water, and the rotation positioning controller of the collecting bottle is used for automatically positioning and replacing the collecting bottle after collecting oil and water.
The measurement and control system comprises a data acquisition and control unit and a conversion module, wherein the conversion module is connected with the model system, receives temperature data transmitted by the model system, and transmits the collected temperature data to the data acquisition and control unit in real time to acquire temperature values in real time.
The data acquisition and control unit is connected with the injection system, receives the data of the steam quantity, the foam quantity and the gas quantity which are transmitted by the injection system and injected into the model system, transmits control signals to the injection system, controls the steam quantity, the foam quantity and the gas quantity which are injected into the model system, and adjusts the steam dryness.
The measurement and control system also comprises a first pressure sensor and a pressure automatic identification switching module, wherein the first pressure sensor is positioned at an inlet of the model system to measure a pressure value at the inlet of the model system and transmit the inlet pressure data to the pressure automatic identification switching module, the pressure automatic identification switching module is connected with the auxiliary system to receive outlet pressure data of the model system, the pressure automatic identification switching module is connected with the data acquisition and control unit to receive a control signal transmitted by the data acquisition and control unit to automatically switch the measuring range of the pressure sensor and transmit the received inlet pressure data and outlet pressure data to the data acquisition and control unit to acquire the inlet pressure value and the outlet pressure value in real time.
The data acquisition and control unit is connected with the auxiliary system, receives the data after oil-gas-water separation transmitted by the auxiliary system, acquires an outlet pressure value, and transmits a control signal to the auxiliary system so as to adjust the outlet back pressure of the model system.
The computer acquisition and processing system processes the acquired data of temperature, pressure, injection parameters and produced fluid parameters, and carries out simulation on the temperature diffusion and heat transfer rules of the sand bath model.
According to the experimental device for simulating the heat dissipation law of the thickened oil, sand filling pipes with different sizes and types are placed in the sand bath thermophysical property device, the experimental device has the multi-parameter functions of simulating complex permeability, different crude oil viscosities and the like, and can simulate the heat dissipation law of heat under different thermal recovery displacement modes such as steam flooding, gas flooding, chemical flooding, compound flooding and the like, and the research of the influence of heat loss in the thermal recovery process on recovery ratio and the like. The experimental device for simulating the thick oil heat dissipation rule can simulate the heat dissipation rule of steam under oil reservoir parameters such as complex permeability, oil saturation, porosity, crude oil viscosity, oil layer heterogeneity and the like, and evaluate the feasibility of multi-factor steam flooding. The method can simulate the influence of heat loss on recovery ratio under different thermal recovery displacement modes such as steam displacement, gas displacement, chemical displacement, compound displacement and the like, and evaluate the displacement efficiency and injection parameter optimization. The temperature measuring points are widely distributed, and the actual oil reservoir heat dissipation temperature field in the thermal recovery process can be truly simulated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an experimental apparatus for simulating a thickened oil heat dissipation law according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an experimental apparatus for simulating a heat dissipation law of thickened oil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an embodiment of a model system in an experimental apparatus for simulating the heat dissipation law of thickened oil according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of an embodiment of a model system in an experimental apparatus for simulating the heat dissipation law of thickened oil according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of an embodiment of a model system of the experimental device for simulating the heat dissipation law of thickened oil according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a measurement and control system in an experimental device for simulating the heat dissipation law of thickened oil according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of an auxiliary system in the experimental device for simulating the heat dissipation law of thickened oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an experimental device for simulating a thickened oil heat dissipation rule. The experimental device for simulating the thickened oil heat dissipation law consists of an injection system 102, a model system 101, a measurement and control system 103, a computer acquisition and processing system 104 and an auxiliary system 105. The injection system 102 is connected with the model system 101, the injection system 102 injects oil, chemical agent, steam, water and foam into the model system 101, the measurement and control system 103 is connected with the injection system 102, the model system 101, the auxiliary system 105 and the computer acquisition and processing system 104, the measurement and control system 103 controls parameters such as injection pump, model pipe and sand bath temperature, back pressure tracking, automatic range switching of a pressure sensor, foam gas-liquid ratio and the like of the injection system 101, the outlet end of the model system 101 is connected with the auxiliary system 105, the auxiliary system 105 mainly controls core outlet pressure and oil gas-water metering, and the computer acquisition and processing system 104 mainly monitors and acquires temperature, pressure, injection parameters, produced liquid parameters and the like in real time and simulates sand bath model temperature diffusion and heat transfer rules. The model system 101 mainly adopts a tubular model to carry out simulation test of a test oil layer, and utilizes a sand bath model to carry out real-time temperature compensation or heat dissipation.
As shown in fig. 2, the injection system 102 mainly comprises an oil and chemical agent injection module, a steam and water injection module and a foam generation module, so as to ensure the smooth realization of different injection modes and different injection parameters. The oil and chemical agent injection module mainly comprises a high-precision constant-speed constant-pressure pump 10, a first intermediate heating container 11, a second intermediate heating container 12, a third intermediate heating container 13, a stirring piston container 15 and the like. The high-precision constant-speed constant-pressure pump 10 is adopted for displacement, the displacement liquid is pumped into the lower ends of the first intermediate heating container 11, the second intermediate heating container 12 and the third intermediate heating container 13, so that oil or chemical agents at the upper ends of the first intermediate heating container 11, the second intermediate heating container 12 and the third intermediate heating container 13 are ejected out and enter the model system 101 through the stirring piston container 15. The steam and water injection module is composed of a high-precision constant-speed constant-pressure pump 10, an adjustable dryness steam generator 14 and a heating pipeline, and the produced steam injection devices with different dryness are adopted. The heating pipeline is a section of pipeline from the outlet of the adjustable dryness steam generator 14 to the inlet of the model system, and a heating and heat insulating device is arranged on the pipeline to prevent the steam from radiating. One end of the steam and water injection module is connected with the model system, the other end is connected with the displacement fluid source, a high-precision constant-speed constant-pressure pump 10 is arranged on a pipeline, a steam generator 14 is connected in series between the high-precision constant-speed constant-pressure pump 10 and the model system 101, and a valve is also arranged on the pipeline. The high-precision constant-speed constant-pressure pump 10 provides different flow rates of liquid for the steam generator, and the steam generator 14 can generate steam and automatically adjust the dryness of the steam.
The foam generating module consists of a displacement pump 16, a foaming agent container 17, a foam generator 18, an observation window 21, a high-pressure gas quantitative injection system 19, a gas pressurization system 20 and the like.
One end of the foam generating module is connected with a model system, the other end of the foam generating module is connected with a foam generating source, a displacement pump 16 is arranged on a pipeline, a foaming agent container 17, a foam generator 18 and an observation window 21 are sequentially connected in series between the displacement pump 16 and the model system, a one-way valve and a valve are further arranged, and a gas pressurizing system 20, a pneumatic valve 26 and a gas flowmeter 27 are connected in series between the high-pressure gas quantitative injection system 19 and the model system. The foam is generated after the foaming agent in the foaming agent container 17 is displaced into the foam generator 18, the generated foam enters the observation window 21, the shape and the size of the foam can be directly observed through the observation window 21, and the one-way valve and the valve only allow the foam to enter the model system after exiting from the observation window 21, but not allow the foam to back up and gas in the pipeline to enter. The high pressure gas dosing system 19 provides different types of gas sources which are pressurized by the gas pressurization system 20 to the design requirements, the pneumatic valve 26 is used for controlling the gas flow, and the gas flowmeter 27 monitors the gas flow in real time.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the model system 101 comprises a tubular model 1, a bracket 2, a sand bath temperature thermocouple 3, a sand filling pipe temperature thermocouple 4, a sand bath model 5, a water jacket 6, an inlet pipe 7, an outlet pipe 8 and an upper cover hinge 9, wherein 1-7 thermocouples can be arranged on the tubular model, and 1-21 thermocouples can be arranged in the sandbox.
The model system 101 mainly comprises a tubular model 1, a sand bath model 5 and the like, wherein a plurality of temperature and pressure measuring points are arranged on the tubular model 1 and are integrally arranged in the sand bath model 5, the sand bath model 5 is a cuboid sand box with the length of 1000cm, the width of 400cm and the height of 400cm, simulated stratum sand is arranged in the sand box, and a plurality of temperature measuring points are arranged in the radial direction and the axial direction of the sand box so as to detect temperature change in a simulated steam flooding process. A water jacket 6 is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the sandbox, so that the model can be subjected to real-time temperature compensation or heat dissipation. 1-7 thermocouples 4 can be arranged on the tubular model, and 1-21 thermocouples 3 can be arranged in the sandbox. The inlet and outlet of the tubular model are respectively provided with an inlet and outlet pipe 7 with the same size, so that various fluids can enter and exit the tubular model. The upper end face of the cuboid sandbox is provided with an upper cover 8 and an upper cover hinge 9, and the upper cover 8 can be freely opened through the upper cover hinge 9.
The measurement and control system 103 mainly controls a pneumatic valve, a pressure measurement and automatic pressure identification switching module, a temperature sensor, a gas flowmeter, an electronic balance and the like, and realizes the control of parameters such as injection pump, model pipe and sand bath temperature, back pressure tracking, automatic switching of pressure sensor measuring ranges, foam gas-liquid ratio and the like. The pressure measurement and automatic pressure identification switching module is characterized in that each pressure measuring point adopts three pressure transmitters with different measuring ranges to measure pressure, and the pressure measurement and automatic pressure identification switching module can be automatically switched by an identification system according to measured pressure values, so that measurement accuracy is ensured.
The measurement and control system 103 mainly comprises a data acquisition and control unit 63, the data acquisition and control unit 63 is connected with the injection system 102, the model system 101 and the auxiliary system 105, pressure and temperature data in the model system are acquired through pressure and temperature sensors, data of steam quantity and foam quantity are acquired through an injection pump, data of gas quantity entering the model system 101 are acquired through a gas flowmeter, model outlet pressure data are acquired through a back pressure control module, and data after oil, gas and water separation are acquired through an oil, gas and water metering module. The data acquisition and control unit 63 is connected with the injection system 102 and the auxiliary system 105, controls the steam quantity and the foam quantity through the injection pump, adjusts the steam dryness through controlling the steam generator, controls the range automatic switching of the pressure sensor through the automatic pressure identification switching module, controls the quantity of injected gas through the pneumatic valve, and controls the outlet pressure of the model system through the back pressure control module. As shown in fig. 6, the data acquisition and control unit 63 includes 1-7 thermocouples 4 disposed in the model tubing, 1-21 thermocouples 3 in the sandbox, the model inlet pressure sensor 24, the model outlet pressure sensor 25, the model outlet produced hydrocarbon water, the injection pump 10 providing the source of displacement fluid, the steam generator 14 on the injection line, the foam generator 17 on the injection line, the pneumatic valve 26 on the injection line, the gas flow meter 27 on the injection line. The thermocouple 4 and the thermocouple 3 are connected with the measurement and control system 103 through the conversion module 61, so that data detected by the thermocouple are transmitted to the conversion module 61, and the collected data are transmitted to the data acquisition and control unit 63 by the conversion module 61 in real time to acquire temperature values in real time. The pressure sensor 24 is used for measuring the pressure value at the inlet of the model system 101, the pressure sensor 24 is connected with the measurement and control system 103 through the automatic pressure identification switching module 62, so that data detected by the pressure sensor 24 are transmitted to the data acquisition and control unit 63 to acquire the pressure value of the measured point in real time, the pressure sensor 25 is used for measuring the pressure value at the outlet of the model system 101, and the pressure sensor 25 is connected with the measurement and control system 103 through the back pressure control module 22, so that data detected by the pressure sensor 25 are transmitted to the data acquisition and control unit 63 to acquire the pressure value of the measured point in real time. The metering of the produced oil, gas and water is connected with the measurement and control system 103 through the oil gas and water metering module 23, so that metering data of the oil, gas and water are transmitted to the data acquisition and control unit 63 for real-time acquisition. The steam generator 14 is used for generating experimental steam and is directly connected with the measurement and control system 103, so that data detected by the steam generator 14 is transmitted to the data acquisition and control unit 63 for real-time acquisition of steam quantity. The foam generator 17 is used for generating experimental foam and is directly connected with the measurement and control system 103, so that data detected by the foam generator 17 is transmitted to the data acquisition and control unit 63 for real-time acquisition of the foam amount. The gas flowmeter 27 is connected with the inlet end of the model system through a gas pipeline and is used for measuring the gas flow rate input by the high-pressure gas quantitative injection system 19 to the model system 101, and the gas flowmeter 27 is connected with the data processing unit through a data line so as to transmit the measured gas flow rate data to the data processing unit for real-time acquisition. The data acquisition and control unit 63 includes the automatic pressure identification switching module, the back pressure control module 22, the steam generator 14, the foam generator 17, the pneumatic valve 26, and the infusion pump 10. The pressure automatic identification switching module 62 is connected with the data acquisition and control unit 63 through a data line, and the data acquisition and control unit 63 controls the pressure automatic identification switching module according to the model inlet pressure data acquired by the data acquisition and control unit 63, so that automatic selection of the pressure sensor is realized. The back pressure control module 22 is connected with the data acquisition and control unit 63 through a data line, and the data acquisition and control unit 63 controls the back pressure control module according to the model outlet pressure data acquired by the data acquisition and control unit 63, so that the regulation of the model outlet back pressure is realized. The steam generator 14, the foam generator 17 and the injection pump 10 are connected with the data acquisition and control unit 63 through data lines, and the data acquisition and control unit 63 controls the injection pump 10 according to the data of the steam and the foam acquired by the data acquisition and control unit 63, so that the control of the steam and the foam values is realized. The pneumatic valve 26 is connected with a data acquisition and control unit 63 through a data line, and the data acquisition and control unit 63 controls the opening and closing of the pneumatic valve 26 according to the data of the gas flowmeter 27 to realize the change of the gas flow entering the model system 101.
The computer acquisition processing system 104 comprises a data acquisition card, an input and output card, control acquisition software and the like, and is mainly used for monitoring and acquiring temperature, pressure, injection parameters, produced fluid parameters and the like in real time and simulating the temperature diffusion and heat transfer rules of the sand bath model.
The computer acquisition processing system 104 mainly comprises a data acquisition card, an input/output card, control acquisition software, a circuit control system and the like. The data acquisition and control unit 63 of the measurement and control system 103 is connected with the computer acquisition and processing system 104 through a data acquisition card, and the computer acquisition and processing system 104 processes the data acquired by temperature, pressure, injection parameters, produced liquid parameters and the like by utilizing control acquisition software and performs simulation on the temperature diffusion and heat transfer rules of the sand bath model. The data acquisition and control unit 63 of the measurement and control system 103 is connected with the computer acquisition and processing system 104 through an input/output card, so as to realize the control of the pressure automatic identification switching module, the back pressure control module 22, the steam generator 14, the foam generator 17, the pneumatic valve 26 and the injection pump 10.
The auxiliary system 105 mainly consists of a back pressure control module 22 and an oil, gas and water metering module 23. The back pressure control module 22 mainly comprises a back pressure valve 81, a constant speed constant pressure pump 82, a buffer container 83 and the like.
As shown in fig. 7, a back pressure valve 81 is connected to a pipeline at the outlet of the model system 101 for controlling the outlet pressure of the model system, and a constant pressure pump 82 is connected to the back pressure valve 81 through a buffer container 83 to regulate the pressure of the back pressure valve 81. The oil-gas-water metering module 23 mainly comprises a gas-liquid separator 84, a separator liquid level controller 85, a rotary positioning controller 86 of a collecting bottle, a gas flowmeter 87, a heating temperature controller 88 and the like, wherein the gas-liquid separator 84 is directly connected with a back pressure valve 81 and the heating temperature controller 88 through pipelines, the heating temperature controller 88 is used for heating the gas-liquid separator 84, the gas-liquid separator 84 is used for separating produced gas and oil-water, the separated gas is metered through the gas flowmeter 89 connected to the outlet of the gas-liquid separator, the separated oil-water enters the liquid level controller 85 connected to the other outlet of the gas-liquid separator 84, the liquid level controller 85 is used for automatically controlling the oil-water amount entering the collecting bottle 90, the oil-water separator 87 is connected with the liquid level controller 85 and the collecting bottle 90 through pipelines, the collecting bottle 90 is placed on the collecting bottle rotary positioning controller 86 for collecting the separated oil-water, and the collecting bottle rotary positioning controller 86 is used for automatically positioning and changing the collecting bottle 90 after collecting the oil-water.
In the test, oil, chemical agent and water are displaced by a constant speed pump 10, and displacement liquid is pumped from the lower end of a middle heating container (11, 12 and 13), so that the liquid at the upper end of the container is ejected out and enters the tubular model 1. Steam is fed by a pump 10 and fed into the tubular mould 1 via an adjustable dryness steam generator 14. The gas is divided into two paths, one path can enter the tubular model 1 through the high-pressure gas quantitative injection system 19 and the gas pressurizing system 20, and the other path enters the tubular model 1 after being mixed with the foam. Foam is produced by the foamer container 16 and the foam generator 17, mixed with gas in the high-pressure gas tank 18, and then introduced into the observation window 21, and injected into the tubular model 1.
The tubular model 1 is placed on a support 2 in the sandbox 5, 1-7 thermocouples 4 can be arranged on the tubular model to monitor the temperature in the pipe, 1-21 thermocouples 3 are arranged outside the tubular model to monitor the temperature in the pipe, and the water jacket 6 can control the water temperature to realize real oil reservoir simulation. Pressure sensors are arranged at the inlet and outlet positions of the simulation tube 1, and all data of temperature, pressure and the like are transmitted to a computer processing system 104 through a measurement and control system 103. The test output is regulated and controlled by a back pressure control module 22 and an oil, gas and water metering module 23.
Claims (7)
1. The experimental device for simulating the thickened oil heat dissipation law is characterized by comprising an injection system, a model system, a measurement and control system, a computer acquisition and processing system and an auxiliary system, wherein the model system adopts a tubular model to carry out the simulation test of an experimental oil layer, a sand bath model is utilized to carry out real-time temperature compensation or heat dissipation, the injection system is connected with the model system, oil, chemical agents, steam, water and foam are injected into the model system, the auxiliary system is connected with the model system to control the outlet pressure of a rock core and the oil-gas-water metering, the measurement and control system is connected with the injection system, the model system and the auxiliary system to acquire parameters of the injection system, the model system and the auxiliary system during operation and transmit control signals to the injection system, the model system and the auxiliary system, the computer acquisition and processing system is connected with the model system to receive the working parameters acquired by the measurement and control system for data processing, and transmit the measurement and control signals to the measurement and control system;
the injection system comprises an oil and chemical agent injection module, a steam and water injection module and a foam generation module, wherein the oil and chemical agent injection module is connected with the model system, the oil and chemical agent is injected into the model system, the steam and water injection module is connected with the model system, the steam and water are injected into the model system, the foam generation module is connected with the model system, and the foam is injected into the model system;
the oil and chemical agent injection module comprises a constant pressure pump, a first intermediate heating container, a second intermediate heating container, a third intermediate heating container and a stirring piston container, wherein one end of the first intermediate heating container is connected with the constant pressure pump, the other end of the first intermediate heating container is connected with the stirring piston container, one end of the second intermediate heating container is connected with the constant pressure pump, the other end of the second intermediate heating container is connected with the stirring piston container, one end of the third intermediate heating container is connected with the constant pressure pump, the other end of the third intermediate heating container is connected with the stirring piston container, the stirring piston container is connected with the model system, the constant pressure pump is adopted for displacement, and displacement liquid is driven into the lower ends of the first intermediate heating container, the second intermediate heating container and the third intermediate heating container, so that oil or chemical agent at the upper ends of the first intermediate heating container, the second intermediate heating container and the third intermediate heating container is ejected out, and enters the model system through the stirring piston container;
the foam generation module comprises a displacement pump, a foaming agent container, a foam generator and a viewing window, wherein one end of the foaming agent container is connected with the displacement pump, the other end of the foaming agent container is connected with one end of the foam generator, the other end of the foam generator is connected with one end of the viewing window, the displacement pump displaces foaming agent in the foaming agent container into the foam generator so as to generate foam, the generated foam enters the viewing window, and the shape and the size of the foam are observed through the viewing window;
the model system also comprises sand bath temperature thermocouples and sand filling pipe temperature thermocouples, 1-7 sand filling pipe temperature thermocouples are arranged on the pipe model, 1-21 sand bath temperature thermocouples are arranged in the sand bath model, the sand bath temperature thermocouples and the sand filling pipe temperature thermocouples are respectively connected with the measurement and control system, and collected sand bath temperature and model pipe temperature data are transmitted to the measurement and control system;
the auxiliary system comprises a back pressure control module and an oil-gas-water metering module, wherein the back pressure control module is connected with the model system to control the outlet pressure of the model system, and the oil-gas-water metering module is connected with the back pressure control module to respectively meter oil, gas and water flowing out of the model system;
the model system also comprises a bracket, a water jacket, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, an upper cover and an upper cover hinge, wherein a plurality of temperature and pressure measuring points are arranged on the tubular model and are integrally placed in the sand bath model through the bracket, the sand bath model is a cuboid sand box with the length of 1000cm, the width of 400cm and the height of 400cm, simulated stratum sand is arranged in the sand box, a plurality of temperature measuring points are radially and axially arranged in the sand box to detect the temperature change in the simulated steam driving process, the water jacket is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the sand box, the real-time temperature compensation or heat dissipation is carried out on the sand bath model, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the tubular model are respectively provided with the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe with the same size, so that various fluids can enter and exit the tubular model, the upper cover and the upper cover hinge are arranged on the upper end face of the cuboid sand box, and the upper cover can be freely opened through the upper cover hinge;
the back pressure control module comprises a back pressure valve, a constant speed constant pressure pump, a buffer container and a second pressure sensor, wherein the back pressure valve is connected to a pipeline of an outlet of the model system and is used for controlling the outlet pressure of the model system;
the oil-gas-water metering module comprises a gas-liquid separator, a liquid level controller, a heating temperature controller, a gas flowmeter and an oil-water separator, wherein the heating temperature controller is connected with the gas-liquid separator to heat the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is connected with the back pressure valve to separate gas and oil water produced by the model system, the gas flowmeter is connected with the gas-liquid separator to meter the separated gas, the liquid level controller is connected with the gas-liquid separator, the separated oil water flows out from the gas-liquid separator and enters the liquid level controller to control the oil water quantity, and the oil-water separator is connected with the liquid level controller to separate the oil water;
the oil-gas-water metering module also comprises a rotary positioning controller of the collecting bottle and a plurality of collecting bottles, wherein the collecting bottles are connected to the oil-water separator and are placed on the rotary positioning controller of the collecting bottle to collect separated oil and water, and the rotary positioning controller of the collecting bottle automatically positions and replaces the collecting bottle after collecting the oil-water;
the measurement and control system comprises a data acquisition and control unit and a conversion module, wherein the conversion module is connected with the model system, receives temperature data transmitted by the model system, and transmits the collected temperature data to the data acquisition and control unit in real time to acquire temperature values in real time.
2. The experimental device for simulating thick oil heat dissipation law according to claim 1, wherein the steam and water injection module comprises a steam generator and a heating pipeline, one end of the steam generator is connected with the constant pressure pump, the other end of the steam generator is connected with the model system through the heating pipeline, the constant pressure pump provides different flow rates of liquid for the steam generator, the steam generator generates steam and can automatically adjust the dryness of the steam, and the heating pipeline is provided with a heating heat insulation device for preventing heat dissipation of the steam.
3. The experimental device for simulating the law of heat dissipation of thickened oil according to claim 1, wherein the foam generating module further comprises a one-way valve and a valve, the one-way valve and the valve being connected between the observation window and the model system in sequence, so that the foam enters the model system after exiting from the observation window.
4. The experimental device for simulating a thickened oil heat dissipation law according to claim 1, wherein the foam generating module further comprises a high-pressure gas quantitative injection system, a gas pressurizing system, a pneumatic valve and a gas flowmeter, one end of the gas pressurizing system is connected with the high-pressure gas quantitative injection system, the other end of the gas pressurizing system is connected with one end of the pneumatic valve, the other end of the pneumatic valve is connected with one end of the gas flowmeter, the other end of the gas flowmeter is connected with the model system, the high-pressure gas quantitative injection system provides different types of gas sources, the gas pressurizing system pressurizes the gas sources to design requirements, the pneumatic valve controls the gas flow, and the gas flowmeter monitors the gas flow in real time.
5. The experimental device for simulating the heat dissipation law of thickened oil according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and control unit is connected to the injection system, receives the data of the steam quantity, the foam quantity and the gas quantity injected into the model system transmitted by the injection system, transmits control signals to the injection system, controls the steam quantity, the foam quantity and the gas quantity injected into the model system, and adjusts the steam dryness.
6. The experimental device for simulating thickened oil heat dissipation law according to claim 1, wherein the measurement and control system further comprises a first pressure sensor and a pressure automatic identification switching module, the first pressure sensor is positioned at an inlet of the model system to measure a pressure value at the inlet of the model system and transmit the inlet pressure data to the pressure automatic identification switching module, the pressure automatic identification switching module is connected with the auxiliary system to receive outlet pressure data of the model system, the pressure automatic identification switching module is connected with the data acquisition and control unit to receive control signals transmitted by the data acquisition and control unit to automatically switch the measuring range of the pressure sensor and transmit the received inlet pressure data and outlet pressure data to the data acquisition and control unit to acquire the inlet pressure value and the outlet pressure value in real time.
7. The experimental device for simulating the heat dissipation law of thickened oil according to claim 6, wherein the data acquisition and control unit is connected to the auxiliary system, receives the data after the oil-gas-water separation transmitted by the auxiliary system, acquires the outlet pressure value, and transmits a control signal to the auxiliary system to adjust the outlet back pressure of the model system.
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| CN111197474B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2022-06-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Experimental device for simulating change of thickened oil thermal recovery flow field |
| CN110513091B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2022-02-25 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Long horizontal section multi-point steam injection measuring device for thickened oil thermal recovery experiment |
| CN110469301B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2022-03-01 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Thick oil thermal recovery three-dimensional injection-recovery simulation device used under large-scale model |
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| CN114607329A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-06-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Gas injection auxiliary thermal recovery simulation experiment device and method |
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