CN102998087B - Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface - Google Patents
Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN102998087B CN102998087B CN201210487874.5A CN201210487874A CN102998087B CN 102998087 B CN102998087 B CN 102998087B CN 201210487874 A CN201210487874 A CN 201210487874A CN 102998087 B CN102998087 B CN 102998087B
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- water tank
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Abstract
The invention provides a resistance testing device suitable for a jet flow surface and a non-smooth surface. The resistance testing device comprises a model, a jet flow portion and a driving portion. The model is hollow, and a casing with an open groove is arranged at the bottom of the model. The jet flow portion comprises a water tank, a submerged pump, a test sample and a rectifying plate, the water tank is fixed at the bottom of the model, an opening of the water tank corresponds to the open groove at the bottom of the model, the submerged pump is arranged in the water tank, a water inlet of the submerged pump is communicated with the outside, the rectifying plate 3 is arranged in the water tank and located behind a water outlet of the submerged pump, and the test sample is installed at the position of the open groove at the bottom of the model. The driving portion comprises a motor installed in the model and a screw propeller driven by the motor. The resistance testing device suitable for the jet flow surface and the non-smooth surface is simple in structure, low in cost, easy in test condition control and capable of testing frictional resistance of the jet flow surface and the non-smooth surface moving on a two-dimensional plane.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of proving installation of frictional resistance, a kind ofly specifically can be used in the proving installation of test fluid flow to different surfaces frictional resistance, is particularly useful for testing the drag-reduction effect of jet surface.
Background technology
The experimental provision that can be applicable to frictional resistance test between stream, liquid/solid interface at present mainly contains water hole, wind-tunnel, pond and tank.Method by experiment carrys out Study of Fluid frictional resistance characteristic, obtains many important turbulent phenomenon, serves vital effect to the development of propulsive fluid drag reduction theory.When aircraft is advanced in a fluid, power source is mainly used in overcoming frictional resistance, reduces its surface friction drag and not only increases flying power and headway, and can economize energy.For the research of drag reduction technology, there is very high practical value.According to theoretical calculate, when power and energy is certain, if resistance is reduced 10%, then cruise speed and voyage can increase about 3.57% simultaneously.Therefore design studies one can be assessed the proving installation of fluid to the frictional resistance of different surfaces and seems particularly important, especially while application jet surface drag reduction technology, can assess its drag-reduction effect.Mostly adopt the device such as water hole and tank in traditional fluid dynamics research, its cost is high, costly, experiment condition is wayward, complex structure, and the closed circular tube structure of many employings, greatly limit its Test Application field, more cannot carry out the experiment of jet surface resistance measurement.Existing towing proving installation is limited to again pond length, and somewhat expensive.How to make proving installation simple, reliable, and different surfaces drag-reduction effect can be assessed, for practical application provides reliable basis, still there are problems.Above-mentioned proving installation is used for Practical teaching or non-smooth surface research is more applicable, but its limiting factor is many, cannot widespread use, and cannot carry out jet surface Research of Drag Reduction.And mostly current jet surface fluid friction proving installation is " rotary ", not only measure complexity, precision is not high, and when rotating, the situation more complicated of water flow field, cannot accurate evaluation, further increases difficulty of test; Realize jetting method complexity, more difficult realization simultaneously, and differ more with reality, cogency is not strong.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide that a kind of structure is simple, with low cost, the manageable resistance measurement device being adapted to jet surface and non-smooth surface that can realize two dimensional surface motion of experiment condition.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Comprise model, stream portion and drive part;
Described model is hollow, the slotted housing in bottom;
Described stream portion comprises water tank, submersible pump, experiment exemplar and cowling panel, water tank is fixed on model bottom and the opening of water tank is corresponding with the fluting of model bottom, submersible pump is placed in water tank inside, the water inlet of submersible pump communicates with the external world, cowling panel 3 is arranged at that water tank is inner and after being positioned at the water delivering orifice of submersible pump, experiment exemplar is installed on the fluting place of model bottom;
Described drive part comprises and is arranged on motor in model and by described motor-driven screw propeller.
The present invention can also comprise:
1, described cowling panel is two pieces, and there is twice slot water tank inside, and described cowling panel is embedded in described slot.
2, described motor is fixed on water tank, and motor output shaft is connected with gear shaft by shaft coupling, is provided with driving gear set between gear shaft and transmission shaft, is provided with packoff between transmission shaft and model, and screw propeller is arranged on transmission shaft.
After submersible pump in stream portion starts, realize continuing to supply water in water tank, motor in drive part is as power source, carrying screws rotates, driving proving installation travels, under identical operating mode, in same time, the travel speed of Negotiation speed sensor to the proving installation under many group experiment exemplar conditions is measured, compares, is analyzed, and assesses the drag-reduction effect of jet surface and non-smooth surface.
The drag-reduction effect of proving installation traveling process and assessment jet surface and structured non-smooth surface under different condition is simulated by changing the size of jet orifice, arrangement, shape, surface topography or the non-smooth surface at its surface working different structure on experiment exemplar.
Test process is under the identical operating mode of identical starting condition, measure the travel speed of proving installation same time point in the experiment exemplar situation of smooth surface and jet surface (non-smooth surface), assessed the drag-reduction effect of jet surface (non-smooth surface) by versus speed.Measure mainly through speed pickup, to collect the velocity amplitude in proving installation driving process accurately.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages: the frictional resistance test that can realize two dimensional surface motion, more existing " rotary " proving installation has more cogency, and method of testing is simply effective.Jet supply mode adopts submersible pump to supply continuously, and conserve space, simplifies the structure, and noise is little; Drive part adopts spur-gear mechanism, effectively reduces vibration, and make the overall decentralization of device, stability increases, and makes measurement result more accurate simultaneously; Experiment exemplar is the core of device, be easy to dismounting, easy to process, and experiment sample surface can process different structured non-smooth surface (as V-type, pit etc.) as required, or have the jet orifice of difformity aperture, different large small-bore, different jet angle, varying number, different arrangement mode; This experiment is control experiment, when after the experiment under completing certain experiment exemplar situation, only need change experiment exemplar, and without the need to dismantling other parts, and experiment exemplar Renewal process is simple, processing ease, save time; Proving installation achieves circulating of water, provides water source without the need to the external world, cost-saving, pollution-free; Proving installation integral installation, processing ease.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: be stream portion structural drawing;
Fig. 2: be cowling panel schematic diagram;
Fig. 3: be experiment exemplar schematic diagram;
Fig. 4: be drive part structural drawing;
Fig. 5: be proving installation front view;
Fig. 6: be control section process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific embodiment of the invention process is described:
Composition graphs 5 and 6, the present invention mainly comprises stream portion I, drive part II and control section three parts: stream portion I, is the core of this device, forms primarily of water tank 2, submersible pump 4, experiment exemplar 8, cowling panel 3; Drive part II, forms primarily of motor 33, shaft coupling 32, transmission shaft 20, packoff, screw propeller 31; Control section, motor 33 is by frequency converter frequency modulation adjusting rotary speed, and motor 33, transmitter and transformer are by storage battery power supply, and submersible pump 4 controls flow by transformer.
The structure of composition graphs 1,2 and 3 stream portion is: model 1 inside is designed to hollow-core construction, object is that anti-locking apparatus entirety is too heavy, cannot ensure that it at floating on water, can lay drive unit and jet feedway simultaneously wherein, not only save space, and effectively reduce vibration.One is had with water tank 2 size and test the through hole that exemplar 8 size matches and slot, for fixing experiment exemplar 8 in the bottom of model 1.Water tank 28 screws are fixed on fluting place, adopt gasket seal 7 to seal between fluting and water tank 2, prevent the water in water tank 2 from leaking.Have a hole at water tank 2 sidewall, object the circuit of submersible pump 4 can be connected with outside transformer by this hole, and this hole exits place is sealed with gasket seal 5 by half round clamp 6, prevents water from flowing out in access to plant cavity.Submersible pump is placed in water tank 2, is fixed on bottom model 1 by two screws, opens a through hole mated with submersible pump 4 water inlet size, submersible pump water inlet is communicated with outside in the place that model 1 and submersible pump 4 bottom connection touch.Directly can absorb water from external water stream, be equipped with gasket seal simultaneously between submersible pump 4 and the base plate of model 1, anti-sealing leaks.External water stream is pumped into water tank by submersible pump 4, for preventing being direct splashing on experiment exemplar 8 from the water of the discharge submersible pump 4, affecting flow field near jet orifice, causing measurement result to have deviation, be embedded in two pieces of cowling panels 3 at water tank, realize carrying out rectification function to the water pumped in submersible pump 4.Experiment exemplar 8 is arranged on the base plate of model 1 by 8 screws, and is sealed by gasket seal 9 between model 1, and experiment exemplar 8 surface has the jet orifice of some regular array, and jet is formed thus.Experiment exemplar 8 surface can also process the structured non-smooth surface of different size, meets requirement of experiment.
Stream portion principle of work:
Before experiment starts, start submersible pump 4, external water stream is supplied water to water tank 2 by submersible pump 4, until experiment starts when being full of.In experimentation, submersible pump 4 is in opening always, namely in water tank 2, is supplying feedwater continuously always, because water tank 2 is water tank, experiment exemplar 8 is installed bottom it, when the pressure in water tank 2 is greater than external pressure, the jet orifice of water by experiment in exemplar 8 is discharged, and forms jet.Under the water-filled state of water tank 2, the flow supplied water in water tank 2 is equal with the flow of the water that jet in jet orifice is gone out, and the drain discharge namely by controlling submersible pump 4 reaches the object regulating effluxvelocity.Cowling panel 3 object carries out rectification to the water pumped in submersible pump 4.Experiment by changing the factors such as the experiment surperficial jet aperture of exemplar 8, direction, hole and hole arrangement, can also test the near wall region drag-reduction effect during navigation of different condition lower device.Also the surface design of experiment exemplar 8 can be become real hull local surface structure, realize the sailing condition of the aircraft such as nearly Actual Simulation boats and ships.When doing the resistance measurement of non-smooth surface, corresponding non-smooth surface (as V-type, T-shaped, groove, pit, prominent bag etc.) structure should be gone out in experiment exemplar 8 surface working, only need change experiment exemplar 8 and not need to dismantle other parts, simultaneously when doing the experiment of non-smooth surface resistance measurement, work without the need to submersible pump 4, namely do not need to provide jet to supply.
Composition graphs 4,5, the formation of drive part is: adopt motor 33 to drive screw propeller.Connected by shaft coupling 32 between motor shaft with gear shaft 14, the transmission of moment of torsion can be realized.Gear shaft 14 is arranged in bearing seat 16, and end is sealed by end cap 18, prevents spilled oil.Gear shaft 14 is provided with pair of horns contact ball bearing 15, and bearing is located with the shaft shoulder by end cap 18, little round nut 17.Gear wheel 22 is arranged on low-speed shaft 20, is located by the shaft shoulder and little round nut 21.Diaxon is connected by gear drive with slow-speed shaft 20 by gear shaft 14.Be provided with pair of horns contact ball bearing 13 in slow-speed shaft 20 both sides, bearing is located by the shaft shoulder and shaft end ring 19; Slow-speed shaft 20 end is provided with screw propeller 31, connected by key 27 between screw propeller 31 with slow-speed shaft 20, be provided with O type rubber seal 26 in screw propeller 31 propeller hub end, its objective is and prevent water from flowing into screw propeller 31 propeller hub inside, O-ring seal 26 is compressed by gland 25.Screw propeller 31 is located by slotted nut 29 and split pin 30.In screw propeller 31 end, radome fairing 28 is installed, its objective is flow field near stable screw propeller 31, between radome fairing 28 and screw propeller 31 propeller hub, pass through thread connection.Working environment due to proving installation is in water, so need design packoff in slow-speed shaft 20 and model 1 connection place, packoff is primarily of compositions such as a set of cups 10, end cap 12, filler 24, linings 23.By a set of cups 10, filler 24 is covered, owing to being soft packing, need be compressed by end cap 12 and lining 23, regulate gap by screw and adjustment pad 11.
Drive part principle of work:
When experiment starts, motor 33 is started by storage battery power supply, and the moment of torsion of motor is passed to gear shaft 14 by shaft coupling 32, transfers torque on slow-speed shaft 20 by cogwheel gearing, and the moment of resistance that can overcome screw propeller 31 thus makes it get into smooth.Slow-speed shaft 20 is rotated by flat key 27 carrying screws 31, effectively transfers torque on screw propeller 31, to be supplied to proving installation power, make it move forward after rotating.Adopt at slow-speed shaft 20 and model 1 connection place packoff the form compressing lining 23 with end cap 12, then by lining 23, soft packing 24 is compressed, and filler 24 is placed in a set of cups 10, can effectively be sealed by compacted filler 24.
Composition graphs 6, control section relates to the adjustment of effluxvelocity and the adjustment of the model speed of a ship or plane, and the former is that submersible pump 4 is powered by accumulator, the middle supply voltage being changed submersible pump 4 by transformer, realizes the water discharge regulating submersible pump 4; The latter is that motor 33 is powered by accumulator, is regulated the frequency of motor 33, realize the adjustment of rotating speed, and then reach the adjustment to the proving installation speed of a ship or plane by frequency converter.Assess the drag-reduction effect of jet surface (non-smooth surface) structure by comparing the headway of same time build-in test device under smooth surface and jet surface (non-smooth surface) situation in experimentation.
Claims (3)
1. be adapted to a resistance measurement device for jet surface and non-smooth surface, it is characterized in that:
Comprise model, stream portion and drive part;
Described model is hollow, the slotted housing in bottom;
Described stream portion comprises water tank, submersible pump, experiment exemplar and cowling panel, water tank is fixed on model bottom and the opening of water tank is corresponding with the fluting of model bottom, submersible pump is placed in water tank inside, the water inlet of submersible pump communicates with the external world, cowling panel (3) is arranged at that water tank is inner and after being positioned at the water delivering orifice of submersible pump, experiment exemplar is installed on the fluting place of model bottom;
Described drive part comprises and is arranged on motor in model and by described motor-driven screw propeller.
2. a kind of resistance measurement device being adapted to jet surface and non-smooth surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cowling panel is two pieces, and there is twice slot water tank inside, and described cowling panel is embedded in described slot.
3. a kind of resistance measurement device being adapted to jet surface and non-smooth surface according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described motor is fixed on water tank, motor output shaft is connected with gear shaft by shaft coupling, driving gear set is provided with between gear shaft and transmission shaft, be provided with packoff between transmission shaft and model, screw propeller is arranged on transmission shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210487874.5A CN102998087B (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210487874.5A CN102998087B (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface |
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| CN102998087A CN102998087A (en) | 2013-03-27 |
| CN102998087B true CN102998087B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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| CN103528789B (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2015-12-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Jet flow drag reduction effect of two-dimensional plane proving installation |
| CN103575501A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Experimental device suitable for testing friction resistance of jet flow surface and non-smooth surface |
| CN103630329A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Testing device and method for evaluating drag-reduction effect of bionic jet surface |
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| CN112078747B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-10-08 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Flow calibration device and calibration method suitable for T-shaped nozzle of water jet propulsion ship model |
| CN112197931B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Control method of pure gas jet wind tunnel |
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Effective date of registration: 20201126 Address after: Area A129, 4th floor, building 4, Baitai Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya City, Hainan Province, 572024 Patentee after: Nanhai innovation and development base of Sanya Harbin Engineering University Address before: 150001 Heilongjiang, Nangang District, Nantong street,, Harbin Engineering University, Department of Intellectual Property Office Patentee before: HARBIN ENGINEERING University |
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