CN110579331B - Bionic jet test device for cavitation resistance of surface of hydrofoil - Google Patents
Bionic jet test device for cavitation resistance of surface of hydrofoil Download PDFInfo
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- CN110579331B CN110579331B CN201910716792.5A CN201910716792A CN110579331B CN 110579331 B CN110579331 B CN 110579331B CN 201910716792 A CN201910716792 A CN 201910716792A CN 110579331 B CN110579331 B CN 110579331B
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- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic jet flow test device for cavitation resistance of the surface of a hydrofoil, which comprises a waterway circulation system, a jet flow supply system and a jet flow control system, wherein the waterway circulation system provides waterway circulation required by overflowing for the hydrofoil; the jet supply system is used for providing circulation of the jet, and the jet control system is used for adjusting the size and the direction of the jet. According to the invention, the jet structure is arranged in the hydrofoil through the bionic structure design, so that the cavitation influence on the surface of the hydrofoil can be greatly reduced, and the flow condition is improved; the invention can reduce the friction between the contact surface of the fluid and the solid, reduce the friction resistance between the contact surface and the main flow field in the flowing process, reduce the energy loss, improve the conveying efficiency and save the energy; the invention can also improve the lift resistance and ensure the stable and efficient operation of the hydrofoil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydrofoil surface anti-cavitation technology, in particular to a bionic jet test device for hydrofoil surface anti-cavitation.
Background
Hydrofoils are an important airfoil in fluid machinery, and are widely used in mechanical products such as underwater vehicles and propeller blades. The hydrofoil utilizes the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the wing profile to generate lift force to lift the underwater vehicle out of the water surface. However, with the continuous increase of the motion speed of the hydrofoil, the negative pressure on the hydrofoil surface continuously decreases, and cavitation erosion occurs on the hydrofoil surface, so that the lift force of the hydrofoil is unstable, and the safe navigation of the hydrofoil is seriously affected. At present, the cavitation performance of the airfoil surface becomes an important evaluation index of the hydrofoil. The hydrofoil cavitation process comprises a cavitation bubble generation process, a cavitation bubble splitting process and a cavitation bubble collapse process. In the falling process of the vacuoles, a large-scale vortex structure is formed on the surface of the hydrofoil, and a strongly unstable shear layer appears in the area, so that the vacuoles are further split into small-scale vacuoles. Such unstable vortex structures can induce strong hydraulic excitation and noise, which is not favorable for stable operation of hydrofoil machinery.
The shark is one of the fastest animals in the midstream of the ocean, and due to the fact that the shark has a jet structure existing in the gill part, the jet structure can effectively improve the structure of a shark boundary layer, effectively control the wall surface boundary layer, reduce the speed gradient of the boundary layer when the shark skin is in contact with the shark skin, and achieve the purpose of reducing the shearing force of the contact surface. Aiming at the characteristic of shark gill jet flow, the research on the surface of the bionic jet flow discovers that the jet flow can effectively change the pseudo-sequence structure of a turbulent flow field and can effectively adjust the velocity field and the pressure field of the wall surface. The characteristic is closely related to the flow field structure when the hydrofoil cavitation is generated. The bionic jet technology is well applied by simulating certain anti-cavitation characteristics obtained by organisms in the evolution process, and the working process is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and has important engineering practical value.
In the process of shark swimming, in order to maintain stable water flow in vivo, seawater needs to be continuously taken in through a mouth so as to have enough oxygen for self-breathing, after the oxygen content of the seawater in vivo is absorbed by the shark, the seawater is finally discharged out of the body through gill crack, the discharged water flow forms jet flow at the gill crack, the gill crack and the peripheral area form a jet flow surface, the jet flow process is continuously continuous along with the progress of breathing, and the jet flow changes the distribution of a turbulent flow field near the gill crack. The shark shape is similar to the wing structure of the hydrofoil and is a streamline shape; the structure of the jet hole on the surface of the hydrofoil is similar to the shark gill crack structure. The special function of the shark gill splitting jet flow can optimize the structure of a shark body surface fluid boundary layer, effectively reduce the shearing force of water on the surface of the shark body surface fluid boundary layer, reduce the energy dependence degree and enable the shark body surface fluid boundary layer to obtain higher advancing speed. Based on shark gill splitting jet characteristics, the shark gill splitting jet function is introduced into the research of the anti-cavitation problem of the hydrofoil, the jet is changed to change the boundary layer structure of the surface of the hydrofoil, the pressure distribution of the surface of the hydrofoil is improved, the influence of reverse jet on cavitation bubble shedding is inhibited, and further the cavitation of the surface of the hydrofoil is improved. The bionic jet flow surface cavitation inhibition method imitating the shark gill-cracking structure and the respiratory jet flow process principle is provided, and has important theoretical significance and engineering practical application value for improving the research of the anti-cavitation of the surface of the hydrofoil.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention analyzes the process that oxygen-rich water enters into an oropharyngeal cavity when sharks breathe and oxygen-poor water flows out from an external gill to form jet flow after gas exchange is carried out on the gill part by researching the distribution and driving connection principle of muscle and skeletal tissues of the gill part of the sharks. In the process of external gill crack jet flow, the muscle and skeleton synergistic effect of the gill part achieves a motion regulation mechanism for changing the aperture and direction of an outlet of the external gill crack, and active regulation is performed on a flow field by simulating the coupled motion of the muscle bone of the shark gill crack part to achieve the purpose of changing the flow structure of a boundary layer on the surface of the hydrofoil, so that the formation of cavitation on the surface of the hydrofoil is inhibited.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a bionic jet flow test device for cavitation resistance of the surface of a hydrofoil is characterized by comprising a waterway circulation system, a jet flow supply system and a jet flow control system;
the waterway circulation system provides waterway circulation required by overflowing for the hydrofoil;
the jet flow supply system comprises a lifting platform, a second motor, a self-priming pump water inlet pipeline, a self-priming pump water outlet pipeline, a jet flow water inlet pipeline, a flange plate with a water diversion channel, a water wing, the second motor and the self-priming pump are fixed on the lifting platform, the power output end of the second motor is connected with the power input end of the self-priming pump, the water inlet of the self-priming pump is communicated with a water tank through a pipeline, the self-priming pump water outlet pipeline, the jet flow water inlet pipeline, the flange plate with the water diversion channel and the water wing are sequentially connected, the water wing is internally provided with the water diversion channel which is communicated with the water diversion channel of the flange plate, a plurality of openings are formed in the water wing, and jet holes are communicated with the water diversion channel of the water wing;
jet control system include electric ball valve, PLC controller, flow sensor, basic gill skeleton, imitative aponeurosis tissue, IPMC muscle strip, bionical gill board, waterproof covering, electric ball valve set up self priming pump outlet conduit, efflux inlet channel between, flow sensor set up flange plate's diversion passageway in, basic gill skeleton fix the opening part on the basin, imitative aponeurosis tissue and IPMC muscle strip fix basic gill skeleton on, just waterproof covering constitute the jet orifice with bionical gill board, electric ball valve, flow sensor, IPMC muscle strip all with PLC controller intercommunication.
Furthermore, the waterway circulation system comprises a vertical axial-flow pump, a first motor support, a first water inlet bent pipe, a stable section connecting pipe, a stable connecting pipe support, a contraction section connecting pipe, a hydrofoil overflowing pipeline, a diffusion section connecting pipe, a water outlet bent pipe, a water pipe support, a backflow section connecting pipe support, a water tank cover plate and a water tank, wherein the driving end of the vertical axial-flow pump is connected with the output shaft of the first motor, the water pumping end of the vertical axial-flow pump is introduced into the water tank, the water outlet end of the vertical axial-flow pump, the first water inlet bent pipe, the stable section connecting pipe and the contraction section connecting pipe are sequentially connected to form a water inlet flow path and are arranged on the cover plate of the water tank through the stable connecting pipe support frame, the small end of the contraction section connecting pipe is connected with the hydrofoil overflowing pipeline; the hydrofoil overflow pipeline, the diffusion section connecting pipe, the water outlet bent pipe and the backflow section connecting pipe are sequentially connected and are arranged on a cover plate of the water tank through a water outlet pipe support and a backflow section connecting pipe support frame, and the water outlet end of the backflow section connecting pipe is led into the water tank.
Furthermore, the waterway circulation system also comprises two flow-regulating fences which are respectively arranged at two ends of the hydrofoil overflowing pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the jet structure is arranged in the hydrofoil through the bionic structure design, so that the cavitation influence on the surface of the hydrofoil can be greatly reduced, and the flow condition is improved; the invention can reduce the friction between the contact surface of the fluid and the solid, reduce the friction resistance between the contact surface and the main flow field in the flowing process, reduce the energy loss, improve the conveying efficiency and save the energy; the invention can also improve the lift resistance and ensure the stable and efficient operation of the hydrofoil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly view of a waterway circulation system;
FIG. 2 is an assembly view of the jet delivery system;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a biomimetic jet hole;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the connection between the hydrofoil 29 and the jet inlet pipe 26 and the flange plate 27 with the water channel;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of hydrofoil 29;
the device comprises a vertical axial-flow pump 1, a first coupler 2, a first motor 3, a first motor support 4, a first water inlet elbow pipe 5, a stable section connecting pipe 6, a stable connecting pipe support 7, a contraction section connecting pipe 8, a hydrofoil overflowing pipeline 9, a rectifier grid 10, a diffusion section connecting pipe 11, a water outlet elbow pipe 12, a water pipe support 13, a backflow section connecting pipe 14, a backflow section connecting pipe support 15, a water tank cover plate 16, a water tank 17, a lifting platform 18, a second motor 19, a second coupler 20, a self-sucking pump 21, a self-sucking pump water inlet pipeline 22, a self-sucking pump water outlet pipeline 23, an electric ball valve 24, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 25, a jet water inlet pipeline 26, a flange plate 27 with a water diversion channel, a flow sensor 28, a hydrofoil 29, a basal gill skeleton 30, an aponeurosis tissue 31, an IPMC muscle bar 32, a bionic gill plate 33.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and the objects and effects of the invention will become more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an assembly diagram of a waterway circulation system of a bionic jet test device for resisting cavitation on the surface of a hydrofoil of the present invention is provided, the waterway circulation system includes a vertical axial-flow pump 1, a first motor 3, a first motor support 4, a first water inlet elbow 5, a stable section connecting pipe 6, a stable connecting pipe support 7, a contraction section connecting pipe 8, a hydrofoil overflow pipeline 9, a rectifying grid 10, a diffusion section connecting pipe 11, a water outlet elbow 12, a water pipe support 13, a reflux section connecting pipe 14, a reflux section connecting pipe support 15, a water tank cover plate 16 and a water tank 17, a driving end of the vertical axial-flow pump 1 is connected with an output shaft of the first motor 3, a water pumping end of the vertical axial-flow pump 1 is introduced into the water tank 17, a water outlet end of the vertical axial-flow pump 1, the first water inlet elbow 5, the stable section connecting pipe 6 and the contraction section connecting pipe 8 are sequentially connected to form a water inlet flow, the water tank is erected on a cover plate 16 of a water tank 17 through a stable connecting pipe support 7, the small end of a contraction section connecting pipe 8 is connected with a hydrofoil overflowing pipeline 9, a hydrofoil 29 is arranged in the middle of the hydrofoil overflowing pipeline 9, and two rectifying grids 10 are respectively arranged at two ends of the hydrofoil overflowing pipeline 9; the hydrofoil overflow pipeline 9, the diffusion section connecting pipe 11, the water outlet bent pipe 12 and the backflow section connecting pipe 14 are sequentially connected and are erected on a cover plate 16 of a water tank 17 through a water outlet pipe support 13 and a backflow section connecting pipe support 15, and the water outlet end of the backflow section connecting pipe 14 is led into the water tank 17. The return leg 14 is arranged vertically.
The jet flow supply system comprises a lifting platform 18, a second motor 19, a second coupler 20, a self-sucking pump 21, a self-sucking pump water inlet pipeline 22, a self-sucking pump water outlet pipeline 23, a jet flow water inlet pipeline 26, a flange plate 27 with a water diversion channel and a hydrofoil 29, wherein the second motor 19 and the self-sucking pump 21 are fixed on a support through bolts, and the water diversion channel is formed in the flange plate and the hydrofoil. The support is supported by the lifting table 18 to a desired height. The power output end of the second motor 19 is connected with the power input end of the self-priming pump 21. The water inlet of self priming pump 21 is fixed on the support, and is communicated with water tank 17 through the pipeline. Self priming pump outlet pipe way 23, efflux inlet pipe way 26, have diversion channel's flange board 27, hydrofoil 29 connect gradually, the inside diversion channel that is equipped with of hydrofoil 29, its diversion channel intercommunication with flange board 27, just hydrofoil 29 on set up a plurality of openings, the jet orifice all with diversion channel intercommunication of hydrofoil 29. When the second motor 19 works, the torque is transmitted to the self-sucking pump 21 through the second coupling 20, and the plum coupling has large axial, radial and angular compensation capacity, so that good balance and sensitivity of the plum coupling are guaranteed.
The jet flow control system comprises an electric ball valve 24, a PLC 25, a flow sensor 28, a basal gill skeleton 30, an aponeurosis-like tissue 31, an IPMC muscle bar 32, a bionic gill plate 33 and a waterproof skin 34, wherein the electric ball valve 24 is arranged between a self-priming pump water outlet pipeline 23 and a jet flow water inlet pipeline 26, the flow sensor 28 is arranged in a water diversion channel of a flange plate 27, and the PLC 25 controls a power supply to output corresponding current to execute jet flow. The basal gill skeleton 30 is fixed at the opening on the hydrofoil 29, the aponeurosis-like tissue 31 and the IPMC muscle bar 32 are fixed on the basal gill skeleton 30, the waterproof skin 34 and the bionic gill plate 33 form a jet hole, and the electric ball valve 24, the flow sensor 28 and the IPMC muscle bar 32 are all communicated with the PLC 25. The outgoing line of the electric ball valve 24 is connected to a corresponding PLC 25, and receives a feedback signal on a computer in real time, so that the electric ball valve 24 is regulated and controlled, and the flow of a fluid medium is regulated. The flow sensor 28 is configured to detect a flow speed of the fluid under a current working condition, and transmit a flow speed signal obtained by the detection to the PLC controller 25 after digital-to-analog conversion, so as to control the second motor 19 to rotate at a certain speed. Second motor 19 passes through second coupling 20 with power transmission to self priming pump 21, and self priming pump 21 operation is with the fluid pump income efflux inlet channel 26 in the basin to realize the real-time regulation of efflux intensity.
The working principle of the jet hole is described in detail with reference to fig. 3-5: waterproof skin 34 and bionical gill board 33 constitute the jet hole, adopt the basal gill skeleton 30 of imitative shark gill portion as the motion skeleton, IPMC muscle strip 32 is as drive unit, and the removal takes place for the hydrated cation in the circular telegram IPMC muscle strip 32, makes muscle strip one side because the increase of hydrone takes place the inflation, consequently produces the bending deformation for imitative aponeurosis tissue 31 takes place the displacement, thereby drives bionical gill board 33 motion and reaches the purpose that changes the efflux direction. The jet angle adjusting function of the bionic gill unit is realized through the change of the swing position of the bionic gill plate 33 in the jet hole, the swing of the bionic gill plate 33 is completed by the linear driving of IPMC muscle strips 32 at two sides, a certain angle needs to be adjusted after the PLC 25 receives the signal of the flow sensor 28, the signal is converted into a corresponding current signal and is transmitted to the IPMC muscle strips 32, and the IPMC-driven bionic gill swings at intervals to adjust the position, so that the mechanism can meet the preset movement requirement, and the real-time adjustment of the jet angle is realized.
The complete workflow is as follows: the vertical axial flow pump 1 pumps water flow from the water tank 17 to a water inlet pipeline, and the water flow is stabilized by the flow straightener 10 and then flows through the hydrofoil 29. And then returns to the water tank 17 through the water outlet pipeline. The hydrofoil 29 operates under a certain working condition, the flow sensor 28 detects the flow speed of the fluid under the current working condition, the flow speed signal detected by the flow sensor is transmitted to the PLC 25 after digital-to-analog conversion, and the deviation signal obtained by PID control calculation is amplified by the power amplifier and then the rotating speed of the second motor 19 is adjusted, so that the second motor 19 is controlled to rotate at a certain speed. The second motor 19 transfers power to the self-primer pump 21 through the second coupling 20, and the self-primer pump 21 operates to pump fluid in the tank 17 into the inner jet cavity. Meanwhile, the PLC controller 25 transmits a corresponding current signal to the IPMC muscle bar 32, so that one side of the muscle bar is expanded due to the increase of water molecules to generate bending deformation, and the aponeurosis-like tissue 31 is displaced to drive the bionic gill plate 33 to move, thereby adjusting the jet direction thereof. Finally, the water flow is controlled to jet at a certain intensity and a certain angle. When the water flow speed in the working condition changes, the PLC 25 changes the corresponding current signal, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the jet flow strength and the jet flow speed in real time, thereby realizing the self-adaptive jet flow.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the form and details of the embodiments may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. All modifications, equivalents and the like which come within the spirit and principle of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A bionic jet flow test device for cavitation resistance of the surface of a hydrofoil is characterized by comprising a waterway circulation system, a jet flow supply system and a jet flow control system;
the waterway circulation system provides waterway circulation required by overflowing for the hydrofoil;
the jet flow supply system comprises an elevating platform (18), a second motor (19), a self-sucking pump (21), a self-sucking pump water inlet pipeline (22), a self-sucking pump water outlet pipeline (23), a jet flow water inlet pipeline (26), a flange plate (27) with a water diversion channel and a water wing (29), wherein the second motor (19) and the self-sucking pump (21) are fixed on the elevating platform (18), the power output end of the second motor (19) is connected with the power input end of the self-sucking pump (21), the water inlet of the self-sucking pump (21) is communicated with a water tank (17) through a pipeline, the self-sucking pump water outlet pipeline (23), the jet flow water inlet pipeline (26), the flange plate (27) with the water diversion channel and the water wing (29) are sequentially connected, the water diversion channel is arranged inside the water wing (29), and is communicated with the water diversion channel of the flange plate (27), and a plurality of openings are arranged on the hydrofoil (29);
the jet flow control system comprises an electric ball valve (24), a PLC (programmable logic controller) (25), a flow sensor (28), a basal gill skeleton (30), a simulated aponeurosis tissue (31), an IPMC (IPMC) muscle bar (32), a simulated gill plate (33) and a waterproof skin (34), the electric ball valve (24) is arranged between the self-priming pump water outlet pipeline (23) and the jet flow water inlet pipeline (26), the flow sensor (28) is arranged in the water guide channel of the flange plate (27), the basal gill skeleton (30) is fixed at the opening of the hydrofoil (29), the aponeurosis-like tissue (31) and the IPMC muscle bar (32) are fixed on the basal gill skeleton (30), the waterproof skin (34) and the bionic gill plate (33) form jet holes, and the jet holes are communicated with a water diversion channel of the hydrofoil (29); the electric ball valve (24), the flow sensor (28) and the IPMC muscle bar (32) are all communicated with the PLC (25).
2. The bionic jet test device for resisting cavitation of the surface of the hydrofoil according to claim 1, wherein the water circulation system comprises a vertical axial-flow pump (1), a first motor (3), a first motor support (4), a first water inlet bent pipe (5), a stable section connecting pipe (6), a stable connecting pipe support (7), a contraction section connecting pipe (8), a hydrofoil overflowing pipeline (9), a diffusion section connecting pipe (11), a water outlet bent pipe (12), a water outlet pipe support (13), a backflow section connecting pipe (14), a backflow section connecting pipe support (15), a water tank cover plate (16) and a water tank (17), the driving end of the vertical axial-flow pump (1) is connected with the output shaft of the first motor (3), the water pumping end of the vertical axial-flow pump (1) is introduced into the water tank (17), and the water outlet end of the vertical axial-flow pump (1), the first water inlet bent pipe (5), The stable section connecting pipe (6) and the contraction section connecting pipe (8) are sequentially connected to form a water inlet flow path and are erected on a cover plate (16) of a water tank (17) through a stable connecting pipe support (7), the small end of the contraction section connecting pipe (8) is connected with a hydrofoil overflowing pipeline (9), and a hydrofoil (29) is arranged in the middle of the hydrofoil overflowing pipeline (9); the hydrofoil overflow pipeline (9), the diffusion section connecting pipe (11), the water outlet bent pipe (12) and the backflow section connecting pipe (14) are sequentially connected and are erected on a cover plate (16) of a water tank (17) through a water outlet pipe support (13) and a backflow section connecting pipe support (15), and the water outlet end of the backflow section connecting pipe (14) is led into the water tank (17).
3. The bionic jet test device for resisting cavitation of the surface of the hydrofoil according to claim 2, characterized in that the waterway circulation system further comprises flow-rectifying fences (10), and the two flow-rectifying fences (10) are respectively arranged at two ends of the flow-passing pipeline (9) of the hydrofoil.
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| CN201910716792.5A CN110579331B (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | Bionic jet test device for cavitation resistance of surface of hydrofoil |
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| CN111852998B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-04-26 | 江苏大学 | Cavitation suppression wing section device |
| CN111852956B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2021-11-19 | 南通大学 | Micro-channel cavitation suppression system for rotating impeller |
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| JP3730163B2 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2005-12-21 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Small planing boat inspection device |
| CN102998087B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2015-04-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Resistance testing device suitable for jet flow surface and non-smooth surface |
| CN105424319B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-02-13 | 浙江工业大学 | Based on bionical submerged jet surface drag reduction test device |
| CN106092505B (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-11-13 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of test device of the drag reduction surface based on bionical jet stream |
| CN106482926B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2019-04-12 | 浙江工业大学 | Based on underwater multifunctional bionic drag reduction test device |
| CN108844714B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2023-12-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Variable-curvature bionic non-smooth surface drag reduction testing device and simulation device |
| CN108982060B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2023-11-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Hydrofoil surface fluid resistance testing device capable of realizing jet flow |
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