CN108760232A - A kind of experimental rig and test method for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig and test method for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN108760232A CN108760232A CN201810541032.0A CN201810541032A CN108760232A CN 108760232 A CN108760232 A CN 108760232A CN 201810541032 A CN201810541032 A CN 201810541032A CN 108760232 A CN108760232 A CN 108760232A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to drag reduction technical field of measurement and test, and disclose a kind of experimental rig for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism, including aqua storage tank, peristaltic pump, air syringe pump, pressure sensor, PIV measuring instruments, Micro-PIV measuring instruments and computer receiving processing system, aqua storage tank has fluid inlet and fluid outlet；Fluid outlet connects the entrance of peristaltic pump by the first conveyance conduit, and the outlet of peristaltic pump connects the second conveyance conduit；The fluid inlet of aqua storage tank connects third conveyance conduit；There are two pressure sensor settings, and each pressure sensor is respectively used to be installed to one end of pipeline to be tested；PIV measuring instruments and Micro-PIV measuring instruments are used to measure the velocity field of the fluids within pipes to be tested.The present invention tests the drag-reduction effect of drag reduction surface using smaller sample, is conducive to the R&D costs for reducing drag reduction technology, and the experimental rig of the present invention is simple in structure, the replacement of pipeline to be tested is also more convenient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to drag reduction technical field of measurement and test, are filled more particularly, to a kind of experiment for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism
It sets and test method.
Background technology
Fluid is since there are resistances, such as Ship Resistance, underwater boat with ambient interfaces for meeting in flow process for intrinsic viscosity
Row body resistance and transport pipeline resistance etc..
With the continuous aggravation of energy crisis, research becomes domestic and international applied to the fluid flowing drag reduction technology of different scenes
Hot spot, research method includes mainly theory analysis, numerical simulation and experiment etc..Wherein, test method because of its accuracy and
Authenticity, it is considered to be the mostly important means of research surface drag reduction technology.
But existing test method has certain defect, it is main as follows：
1) current drag reduction experimental study carries out in large-scale water hole, sink mostly, and to assess based on drag-reduction effect, because
Integral device is bulky, will generate huge plant maintenance and test surfaces manufacturing cost.
If 2) laboratory level carry out drag-reduction effect measurement, resistance directly detect because plane is too small have it is larger
Numerical error.
3) in terms of the research of drag reduction mechanism, current experimental study mode pays close attention to macroscopic velocity field more, and draws to drag reduction
The microcosmic velocity field observation risen is less, ignores a large amount of details compared to numerical simulation.
4) the most not interchangeable structures of current pipeline drag reduction experimental study, it is difficult to process, cause test inconvenient
It is prompt.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of examinations for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism
Experiment device and test method can be directed to the test of a variety of different drag reduction modes, to be probed into the development process of drag reduction surface
The mechanism of surface drag reduction, while saving R&D costs.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of experiment for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism is provided
Device, which is characterized in that surveyed including aqua storage tank, peristaltic pump, air syringe pump, pressure sensor, PIV measuring instruments, Micro-PIV
Measure instrument and computer receiving processing system, wherein
The aqua storage tank has fluid inlet and fluid outlet；
The fluid outlet connects the entrance of the peristaltic pump, the outlet connection of the peristaltic pump by the first conveyance conduit
Second conveyance conduit, second conveyance conduit are used to connect one end of pipeline to be tested；
The fluid inlet of the aqua storage tank connects third conveyance conduit, and the third conveyance conduit is used for the test tube to be measured
The other end in road；
There are two the pressure sensor settings, and each pressure sensor is respectively used to be installed to the test tube to be measured
The one end in road measures pressure later for being passed through fluid in pipeline to be tested, to obtain the pipe ends to be tested
Pressure difference, and then obtain the resistance of the pipeline to be tested；
The PIV measuring instruments and Micro-PIV measuring instruments are used to measure the velocity field of the fluids within pipes to be tested；
The PIV measuring instruments, Micro-PIV measuring instruments and each pressure sensor are received with the computer respectively
Processing system connects.
Preferably, second conveyance conduit is connect by connector with the pipeline to be tested, second conveyance conduit
For pipe, the pipeline to be tested is square tube, and the cross-sectional area of second conveyance conduit inner cavity is more than described to be tested
The cross-sectional area of inner cavity of pipe.
Preferably, the pipeline to be tested is surrounded by one piece of upper wall, two pieces of side walls and one piece of lower wall, and upper wall and two
Side wall is to be detachably connected, and lower wall is also to be detachably connected with two side walls.
Preferably, the third conveyance conduit is connect by connector with the pipeline to be tested, the third conveyance conduit
For pipe, the pipeline to be tested is square tube, and the cross-sectional area of third conveyance conduit inner cavity is more than described to be tested
The cross-sectional area of inner cavity of pipe.
Preferably, further include air syringe pump and high-speed camera, for the sky being arranged from the pipeline to be tested
Gas injection orifice is to air is injected inside pipeline to be tested, to generate bubble, then is shot by the high-speed camera, with
Record form and speed of the bubble near the internal face of pipeline to be tested.
Preferably, the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are separately positioned in two side walls opposite on aqua storage tank,
And the height of the fluid inlet is more than the height of the fluid outlet；
It is provided with bubble separation net in the water tank, the bubble in aqua storage tank is flowed into for removal.
Other side according to the invention additionally provides the examination that surface drag reduction mechanism is probed into using the experimental rig
Proved recipe method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A, it chooses and is connect with the second conveyance conduit and third conveyance conduit without the pipeline to be tested that drag reduction is handled；
B, peristaltic pump is opened, fluid flow rate is adjusted, so that the fluid in pipeline to be tested is flowed steady, uniform；
C, PIV measuring instruments are opened, measure the velocity field of the fluid in pipeline to be tested, and extremely by the velocity field data transmission
Computer receiving processing system；
D, open Micro-PIV measuring instruments, measurement close to the fluid in inner wall of the pipe face to be tested velocity field, and by the speed
Degree field data is transmitted to computer receiving processing system；
E, the pressure of pipe ends to be tested is measured using two pressure sensors, and sends data to computer reception
Processing system；
F, received data is handled using computer receiving processing system, obtains subtracting under current fluid flow velocity
Hinder effect, flow field velocity distribution and vortex structure；
G, to the pipeline to be tested of step a carry out drag reduction processing, then again with the second conveyance conduit and third conveyance conduit
Connection；
H, step b~step f is repeated；
I, drag reducing efficiency DR is obtained：
Wherein, Δ PnoneFor using the pressure difference of the pipe ends to be tested of drag reduction processing, Δ P is not to be handled using drag reduction
Pipe ends to be tested pressure difference.
Preferably, the drag reduction processing described in step g is to arrange that micro- texture, setting are flexible on the internal face of pipeline to be tested
Surface, setting polymeric coating layer and/or input bubble.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
(1) present invention tests the drag-reduction effect of drag reduction surface using smaller sample (pipeline to be tested), has
Conducive to the R&D costs of reduction drag reduction technology, and the experimental rig of the present invention is simple in structure, and the replacement of pipeline to be tested is also compared
It is more convenient；
(2) present invention is replaceable by upper wall, the lower wall for testing pipeline, then the internal face of the internal face of upper wall, lower wall
Drag reduction processing can be carried out, is conducive to the drag-reduction effect to different drag reduction processing modes, drag reduction mechanism compares；
(3) test of PIV measuring instruments and the test of Micro-PIV measuring instruments can be carried out at the same time in this experimental rig, be had
Conducive to the velocity field of different scale is measured, the drag reduction mechanism in inner wall of the pipe face to be tested is more accurately probed into.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that pipeline is tested in the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
It does not constitute a conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.
Referring to Fig.1, Fig. 2, a kind of experimental rig for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism, including aqua storage tank 9, peristaltic pump 6, air note
Penetrate pump 3, pressure sensor 13, PIV measuring instruments 1, Micro-PIV measuring instruments 2 and computer receiving processing system 4, wherein
The aqua storage tank 9 has fluid inlet and fluid outlet；
The fluid outlet connects the entrance of the peristaltic pump 6, the outlet of the peristaltic pump 6 by the first conveyance conduit 15
The second conveyance conduit 14 is connected, second conveyance conduit 14 is used to connect one end of pipeline 10 to be tested；
The fluid inlet connection third conveyance conduit 7 of the aqua storage tank 9, the third conveyance conduit 7 is for described to be measured
The other end in test tube road 10；
There are two the settings of the pressure sensor 13, and each pressure sensor 13 is respectively used to be installed to described to be measured
The one end in test tube road 10 measures pressure later for being passed through fluid in pipeline 10 to be tested, described to be tested to obtain
The pressure difference at 10 both ends of pipeline, and then obtain the resistance of the pipeline 10 to be tested；
The PIV measuring instruments 1 and Micro-PIV measuring instruments 2 are used to measure the speed of fluid in the pipeline to be tested 10
?；
The PIV measuring instruments 1, Micro-PIV measuring instruments 2 and each pressure sensor 13 respectively with the computer
Receiving processing system 4 connects.
Further, second conveyance conduit 14 is connect by connector 5 with the pipeline 10 to be tested, second conveying
Pipeline 14 is pipe, and the pipeline 10 to be tested is square tube, and the cross-sectional area of 14 inner cavity of the second conveyance conduit is more than
The cross-sectional area of 10 inner cavity of pipeline to be tested.
Further, the third conveyance conduit 7 is connect by connector 5 with the pipeline 10 to be tested, the third conveying
Pipeline 7 is pipe, and the pipeline 10 to be tested is square tube, and the cross-sectional area of 7 inner cavity of third conveyance conduit is more than institute
State the cross-sectional area of 10 inner cavity of pipeline to be tested.
Further, further include air syringe pump 3 and high-speed camera, for what is be arranged from the pipeline 10 to be tested
Air injecting hole 11 is to air is injected inside pipeline 10 to be tested, to generate bubble, then is carried out by the high-speed camera
Shooting, in the form of recording bubble near the internal face of pipeline 10 to be tested and speed.
Further, the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are separately positioned in two side walls opposite on aqua storage tank 9,
And the height of the fluid inlet is more than the height of the fluid outlet, and the two has difference in height h；
It is provided with bubble separation net 8 in the water tank, the bubble in aqua storage tank 9 is flowed into for removal.
Probe into the test method of surface drag reduction mechanism the specific steps are：
A, it chooses and is connect with the second conveyance conduit 14 and third conveyance conduit 7 without the pipeline to be tested 10 that drag reduction is handled；
B, peristaltic pump 6 is opened, fluid flow rate is adjusted, so that the fluid in pipeline 10 to be tested is flowed steady, uniform；
C, PIV measuring instruments 1 are opened, measure the velocity field of the fluid in pipeline 10 to be tested, and the speed field data is passed
Transport to computer receiving processing system 4；
D, Micro-PIV measuring instruments 2 are opened, measure the velocity field close to the fluid of 10 internal face of pipeline to be tested, and will
The velocity field data transmission is to computer receiving processing system 4；
E, the pressure at 10 both ends of pipeline to be tested is measured using two pressure sensors 13, and sends data to computer
Receiving processing system 4；
F, received data is handled using computer receiving processing system 4, is obtained under current fluid flow velocity
Drag-reduction effect, flow field velocity distribution and vortex structure；
G, drag reduction processing is carried out to the pipeline to be tested 10 of step a, is then conveyed again with the second conveyance conduit 14 and third
Pipeline 7 connects；
H, step b~step f is repeated；
I, drag reducing efficiency DR is obtained：
Wherein, Δ PnoneFor do not use drag reduction processing 10 both ends of pipeline to be tested pressure difference, Δ P be using drag reduction at
The pressure difference at 10 both ends of pipeline to be tested of reason.Drag reducing efficiency DR is bigger, it was demonstrated that used Drag reduction devices have better drag reduction
Effect.
J, peristaltic pump 6 is closed, the fluid in pipeline 10 to be tested and each delivery pipe is emptied, terminates experiment.
The fluid of the present invention is driven by peristaltic pump 6, fluid is sucked out from aqua storage tank 9, by the first conveyance conduit 15
Flow into pipeline to be tested；Utility pipes jointing 5 is needed to connect between first conveyance conduit 15 and pipeline to be tested 10, first is defeated
It is seamless pipe to send pipeline~third conveyance conduit, the larger circular configuration and pipeline to be tested 10 of the first conveyance conduit 15
Smaller square structure makes the fluid in pipeline to be tested flow more uniform；Pipeline 10 to be tested utilizes test support of pipelines
12 are fixed on measurement rack bottom surface；In 10 inward at both ends side a distance location arrangements a pair of pressure sensor of pipeline to be tested
13, the resistance of pipeline is described using pressure difference before and after pipeline；Arrangement PIV measuring instruments 1 and Micro-PIV in pipeline stage casing to be tested
Measuring instrument 2 can be arranged inside the same axial position pipeline 10 to be tested of measurement, the flow field near internal face by Different Plane；
It, can be in upstream (close to the position of the first conveyance conduit) cloth of tested wall surface if the drag-reduction effect to bubble drag-reduction is tested
Air injecting hole 11 is set, and air is injected near wall using air syringe pump 3, and bubble shape is recorded using high-speed camera
State；After fluid flows through pipeline 10 to be tested, aqua storage tank 9 is back flowed back into along third conveyance conduit 7；The fluid inlet of aqua storage tank 9 and
There is difference in height between fluid outlet, the bubble in fluid is removed using the bubble separation net 8 of this difference in height and arrangement；Pressure sensing
Device 13, PIV measuring instruments 1 and 2 obtained data of Micro-PIV measuring instruments are eventually transferred to computer receiving processing system 4, and
Do data processing and analysis.
With reference to Fig. 2, the pipeline to be tested 10 of measuring device of the present invention is designed as detachable, composable comprising upper wall 16,
Two side 17 and lower wall 18, material are transparent acrylic；Upper wall 16 and lower wall 18 are main test surfaces, can be replaced by dismounting
It changes and the drag reduction mode of required test is replaced；Pressure sensor 13 is arranged in the fixed position of side wall 17；It is removable to ensure
Unloading property is fixed outside wall surface using adhesive waterproof tape.
The present invention can measure the tube friction of the wall surface of different in flow rate, different drag reduction modes, and be commented by drag reducing efficiency
Estimate the drag-reduction effect of tested drag reduction mode；Meanwhile using PIV tests and Micro-PIV tests to structure near fluid walls face
It measures, is handled through computer receiving processing system, probe into the drag reduction mechanism of tested drag reduction mode.The experimental rig structure
Simply, easy to operate；Can carry out the test of different drag reduction modes as needed, including the micro- texture in surface, surface polymeric coating layer,
Flexible surface, input bubble etc..Test philosophy of the present invention is intuitive, as a result accurately, there is the extensive scope of application.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of experimental rig for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism, which is characterized in that including aqua storage tank, peristaltic pump, air syringe pump,
Pressure sensor, PIV measuring instruments, Micro-PIV measuring instruments and computer receiving processing system, wherein
The aqua storage tank has fluid inlet and fluid outlet；
The fluid outlet connects the entrance of the peristaltic pump, the outlet connection second of the peristaltic pump by the first conveyance conduit
Conveyance conduit, second conveyance conduit are used to connect one end of pipeline to be tested；
The fluid inlet of the aqua storage tank connects third conveyance conduit, and the third conveyance conduit is for the pipeline to be tested
The other end；
There are two the pressure sensor settings, and each pressure sensor is respectively used to be installed to the pipeline to be tested
One end measures pressure later for being passed through fluid in pipeline to be tested, to obtain the pressure of the pipe ends to be tested
Force difference, and then obtain the resistance of the pipeline to be tested；
The PIV measuring instruments and Micro-PIV measuring instruments are used to measure the velocity field of the fluids within pipes to be tested；
The PIV measuring instruments, Micro-PIV measuring instruments and each pressure sensor are handled with the computer reception respectively
System connects.
2. a kind of experimental rig for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described second is defeated
Pipeline is sent to be connect with the pipeline to be tested by connector, second conveyance conduit is pipe, and the pipeline to be tested is side
Pipe, and the cross-sectional area of second conveyance conduit inner cavity is more than the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of pipe to be tested.
3. a kind of experimental rig for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to be tested
Pipeline is surrounded by one piece of upper wall, two pieces of side walls and one piece of lower wall, and upper wall is to be detachably connected with two side walls, lower wall and two
A side wall is also to be detachably connected.
4. a kind of experimental rig for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the third is defeated
Pipeline is sent to be connect with the pipeline to be tested by connector, the third conveyance conduit is pipe, and the pipeline to be tested is side
Pipe, and the cross-sectional area of third conveyance conduit inner cavity is more than the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of pipe to be tested.
5. a kind of experimental rig for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include air
Syringe pump and high-speed camera, for the air injecting hole that is arranged from the pipeline to be tested to noting inside pipeline to be tested
Enter air, to generate bubble, then shot by the high-speed camera, with record bubble pipeline to be tested inner wall
Form near face and speed.
6. a kind of experimental rig for probing into surface drag reduction mechanism according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the fluid enters
Mouth and the fluid outlet are separately positioned in two side walls opposite on aqua storage tank, and the height of the fluid inlet is more than
The height of the fluid outlet；
It is provided with bubble separation net in the water tank, the bubble in aqua storage tank is flowed into for removal.
7. the test method of surface drag reduction mechanism is probed into using the experimental rig described in any claim in claim 1~6,
It is characterized by comprising the following steps：
A, it chooses and is connect with the second conveyance conduit and third conveyance conduit without the pipeline to be tested that drag reduction is handled；
B, peristaltic pump is opened, fluid flow rate is adjusted, so that the fluid in pipeline to be tested is flowed steady, uniform；
C, PIV measuring instruments are opened, measure the velocity field of the fluid in pipeline to be tested, and the velocity field data transmission is extremely calculated
Machine receiving processing system；
D, open Micro-PIV measuring instruments, measurement close to the fluid in inner wall of the pipe face to be tested velocity field, and by the velocity field
Data transmission is to computer receiving processing system；
E, the pressure of pipe ends to be tested is measured using two pressure sensors, and sends data to computer reception processing
System；
F, received data is handled using computer receiving processing system, obtains the drag reduction effect under current fluid flow velocity
Fruit, flow field velocity distribution and vortex structure；
G, drag reduction processing is carried out to the pipeline to be tested of step a, is then connect again with the second conveyance conduit and third conveyance conduit；
H, step b~step f is repeated；
I, drag reducing efficiency DR is obtained：
Wherein, Δ PnoneFor using the pressure difference of the pipe ends to be tested of drag reduction processing, Δ P is not to be waited for using what drag reduction was handled
Test the pressure difference of pipe ends.
8. test method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the drag reduction processing described in step g is in test tube to be measured
Micro- texture, setting flexible surface, setting polymeric coating layer and/or input bubble are arranged on the internal face in road.
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| CN109724877A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-07 | 天津大学 | A kind of system and method for oil pipe drag-reduction effect and pressure test |
| CN111721496A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-29 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Resistance testing device and method under high Reynolds number in fluid |
| CN117191336A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-12-08 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Flexible epidermis drag reduction efficacy test evaluation method based on flat model |
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