CN103743441B - The polynary of a kind of side slope safety is coupling in line monitoring system and method - Google Patents
The polynary of a kind of side slope safety is coupling in line monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103743441B CN103743441B CN201410025603.7A CN201410025603A CN103743441B CN 103743441 B CN103743441 B CN 103743441B CN 201410025603 A CN201410025603 A CN 201410025603A CN 103743441 B CN103743441 B CN 103743441B
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Abstract
本发明提供一种边坡安全的多元耦合在线监测系统和方法，所述监测系统包括数据采集单元、无线通信模块、数据信息接收单元以及数据分析处理单元，所述数据分析处理单元包括阈值分析单元、数据存储单元、视频查看单元、智能专家评判系统和预警单元，由所述智能专家评判系统进行多元信息耦合分析处理。该系统和方法把雨量、位移、应力监测方法和监测坡体内部损伤破坏的声发射方法有机结起来，从不同角度实时动态监测边坡失稳全过程并通过智能专家评判系统进行综合评判，极大提高边坡安全性监测的准确度。
The present invention provides a multi-coupling online monitoring system and method for slope safety. The monitoring system includes a data acquisition unit, a wireless communication module, a data information receiving unit, and a data analysis and processing unit, and the data analysis and processing unit includes a threshold value analysis unit. , a data storage unit, a video viewing unit, an intelligent expert judgment system and an early warning unit, and the intelligent expert judgment system performs coupling analysis and processing of multiple information. The system and method organically combine the rainfall, displacement, stress monitoring method and the acoustic emission method for monitoring the internal damage of the slope, dynamically monitor the whole process of slope instability from different angles in real time, and conduct comprehensive evaluation through the intelligent expert evaluation system, which is extremely Greatly improve the accuracy of slope safety monitoring.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to Geological Hazards Monitoring early warning technology field, be specifically related to the polynary of a kind of side slope safety and be coupling in line monitoring system and method.
Background technology:
Side slope is the slope that nature or hand excavation are formed, and being one of geologic media the most basic in Human dried bloodstains, is also modal project in engineering construction.As the slope instability slumping of one of global three large geologic hazards (earthquake, flood, callapsed landslide rubble flow), seriously injure the life security of national wealth and people, the complicacy of rock side slope geologic condition and influence factor determines Analysis of Slope Stability and must rely on slope monitoring means to monitor and verify.So, effective monitoring measure must be taked to side slope, guarantee safety.
From current slope monitoring analysis, the traditional monitoring method adopted both at home and abroad has: side slope surface monitoring (transit, GPS monitoring, stadimeter, total powerstation etc.), side slope deep monitoring (multipoint displacement meter, borehole inclinometer, anchor dynamometer and water pressure monitor etc.); And sound emission monitoring technology etc.But in these slope monitoring systems, general is all by setting single threshold value, the Prediction and Forecast of Landslide of carrying out on " time " is judged with the index such as variable quantity, deflection, deformation velocity, distortion acceleration of single rainfall, displacement or stress monitoring, and the setting of threshold value has unicity and one-sidedness, also need to coordinate and manually check, waste time and energy, accuracy is low.
Slope rock mass breaks destabilization problems, and experience continuous modification is to the complex process of discontinuous destruction.If the multiple informations such as acoustic emission method rainfall, displacement monitoring method, stress monitoring method and monitoring slope body internal injury can destroyed carry out coupling analysis process, real-time dynamic monitoring slope instability overall process carry out Comprehensive Evaluation by intelligent expert software from different perspectives, greatly will improve the accuracy of side slope safety monitoring.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of side slope safety on-line monitoring system and method, single rainfall can be solved, stress, displacement, acoustic emission monitor(ing) cause the problem that Monitoring Data is unilateral, accuracy is low, this system and method gets up the organic knot of acoustic emission method that rainfall, displacement, stress monitoring method and monitoring slope body internal injury destroy, real-time dynamic monitoring slope instability overall process carry out Comprehensive Evaluation by intelligent expert evaluation system from different perspectives, greatly improves the accuracy of side slope safety monitoring.Artificial early warning and intelligent early-warning also combine by the present invention, improve the comprehensive of monitoring further.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
Determine the key area of monitoring side slope according to the slope engineering geology of system and the comprehensive survey of rock mechanics, these regions set up to the slope stability monitoring net of the multiple information couplings such as slope displacement, stress, acoustic emission, comprising:
1, side slope surface displacement monitoring, slope displacement monitoring comprises side slope surface displacement monitoring and side slope deep soils, wherein side slope surface displacement monitoring adopts side slope radar monitoring technology, before image data, arrange monitored area according to field condition, the monitored area of radar can be divided into common monitoring section, high-risk monitoring section, known stability monitoring district and get rid of monitoring section.Multi-stage alarming pattern is adopted for monitored area, comprising: normal region yellow alarm and red alarm: wherein the displacement warning critical value of yellow alarm is 20mm, and acceleration alert critical value is 4mm/h; The displacement warning critical value of red alarm is 25mm, and acceleration alert critical value is 6mm/h.The displacement warning critical value reported to the police in high risk zone is 15mm, and acceleration alert critical value is 3mm/h; High risk zone is generally within normal region, so the point in elevated areas just has two kinds of alarm modes, warning critical value interface, normal region and warning critical value interface, high risk zone can realize automatically switching.
2, side slope deep soils, side slope deep soils adopts the side slope deep displacement meter (application number is 201320676532.8) developed voluntarily to monitor, in the monitored area of radar scanning, utilize rig to hole, hole along potential sliding mass and adopt rectangular arrangement mode, aperture is 75mm-90mm, hole depth is through the potential sliding mass of side slope, for 35m-45m, in hole, interval 10m installs fixing grappling fixture, by traction steel wire fillet slope deep displacement meter, boring external stabilization basement rock is provided with stable mark post, the absolute displacement of side slope deep rock mass different depth can be drawn according to the displacement of the mark post of radar scanning.Monitored area adopts Multi-stage alarming pattern, comprising: the absolute displacement of deep, middle part, superficial part rock mass is reported to the police, and wherein alarm threshold value is respectively 8mm, 15mm, 20mm.The relative displacement of each measuring point in side slope deep that side slope deep displacement measures, can obtain the absolute displacement of each measuring point in side slope deep by the absolute displacement of mark post outside the hole of radar scanning.
3, side slope stress monitoring, side slope stress monitoring adopts borehole stressmeter, rig is utilized to hole on the major control step of potential sliding mass, aperture is 60mm, hole depth is 20m, taseometer adopts straight line on step, interval 20m between boring, drilling hole amount is 5-7, to the bottom after boring hole flushing, taseometer being installed to boring, stress section will be guaranteed just to monitoring direction, applies an initial stress to sensor, after frequency stabilization, input instrument return to zero, can monitor side slope stress.The alarm threshold value of stress monitoring is set as that the change of monitoring collection period internal stress reaches ± 0.8MP.
4, side slope rainfall monitoring, side slope rainfall monitoring adopts side slope pluviograph, to side slope monitored area carry out rainfall weekly, monthly, annual rainfall record, side slope rain gage is arranged on Slope shoulder open field, particularly there is slight crack and carried out the side slope region that backfills, by rain gage automatic acquisition rainfall product data, immediate analysis, need when rainfall amount reaches 0.004m/hr to carry out emphasis monitoring to side slope.Take to lay trench drain, the measure such as to change its course of damming, drops to minimum by the harm of rainfall Slope Stability.
5, side slope acoustic emission monitor(ing), adopts acoustic emission automonitor, utilizes rig to produce step in explosion and holes, distance blow-up point distance is 100m, measuring point advances in real time according to blow-up point, and bore angle is 15 degree, and aperture is 60mm, hole depth is 10m, acoustic emission boring adopts triangular arrangement, and measuring point distance is 10m, and boring is selected among relatively complete rock mass, acoustic emission flush type probe is put into foot of hole, adopts Seepage-stress coupling; After setting acquisition parameter, can carry out Real-Time Monitoring to the energy variation that explosion and slope body internal injury destroy, alarm threshold value is set as: acoustic emission monitor(ing) total number of events is greater than 2000.
On-line monitoring system comprises data acquisition unit, wireless communication module and power supply, wherein data acquisition unit, wireless communication module and power supply are arranged on Monitor Sub-Station of Less, the data of monitoring are sent to data message receiving element by communication module by the data acquisition unit of Monitor Sub-Station of Less, what wherein this data message receiving element adopted is data reception module, Data Analysis Services unit is sent to after being gathered by data message receiving element, by Threshold Analysis unit, preliminary process and analysis are carried out to Monitoring Data, the data not reaching alarm threshold value will be stored, as preliminary data analysis, after reaching the arbitrary threshold value of warning of Monitor Sub-Station of Less, the video in slope monitoring region checks that unit (high-definition camera video probe) will carry out video to key area and check, and Monitoring Data is reached intelligent expert evaluation system and carry out the process of data multiple information coupling analysis, and Comprehensive analysis results is reached slope test warning center, and constantly adjust monitoring threshold according to side slope actual conditions and finally reach accurate forecast.
Video checks that unit arranges video monitoring probe to monitored area, and the monitoring point reaching alarm threshold value for monitored area is carried out video and checked, eliminate danger source in time, reaches early warning rapid, time saving and energy saving in time.
The Monitoring Data of each Monitor Sub-Station of Less is by carrying out the coupling analysis process of data multiple information based on the intelligent expert evaluation system of fuzzy mathematics algorithm and Comprehensive analysis results being reached slope monitoring warning center, and wherein multiple information coupling analysis disposal route is as follows:
(1) side slope evaluation factor collection U is set up
The Monitoring Data choosing each Monitor Sub-Station of Less of slope monitoring on-line system is evaluation index value with the ratio of setting monitoring threshold, i.e. surface displacement, deep displacement, side slope stress, acoustic emission monitor(ing), rainfall evaluation index value, and evaluation factor collection U is:
U={u
1,u
2,u
3,u
4,u
5}
Wherein u
1, u
2, u
3, u
4, u
5presentation surface displacement, deep displacement, side slope stress, acoustic emission monitor(ing), rainfall evaluation index value respectively.
(2) side slope safety evaluation collection V is set up
These parameters value has been carried out classification for stability of slope impact, be foundation thus, indivedual criterion gradational boundary is carried out suitable adjustment, unified is 4 grades by side slope safety grade classification, for stable, normally, unstability and high-risk, that is:
V={ stablizes, normally, and unstability, high-risk
={V
1,V
2,V
3,V
4}
Wherein V
1, V
2, V
3, V
4represent stable, normal respectively, unstability and high-risk state.
(3) degree of membership of factor on V and fuzzy relationship matrix r is determined '
Each evaluation index value of statistical study, according to its characteristic distributions, choose the subordinate function of k parabolic type distribution as each evaluation index Slope Stability state, the respective value of 5 influence indexs is obtained by field monitoring data and engineering experience value, according to each Monitor Sub-Station of Less threshold value and set of factors U value, bring subordinate function standard equation into
Wherein r
1(x
i), r
2(x
i), r
3(x
i), r
4(x
i) be index x
ito the degree of membership of 4 rank side slope states; x
iit is the desired value of i-th factor; a
i, b
i, c
ibe the cut off value of i-th factor index; K is Function exponential value, rule of thumb data acquisition.The fuzzy relationship matrix r of 5 index factors can be obtained namely through Matlab:
Wherein r
ij=μ
r(x
i, y
i), μ
rfor subordinate function.Wherein x
iset according to numerical simulation and experience and then constantly can revise according to monitoring, cut off value is the empirical value according to these Index Influence stability of slope degree, and the data comprising radar and individual event detection in earlier stage just divide.
(4) the weight sets A of agriculture products factor
According to the significance level of each index factor, can give each factor corresponding weight respectively.According to former project data and monitored area side slope concrete condition, determine side slope safety state leading indicator factor S, the weight allocation of D, F, A, R, thus the weight vector A of composition:
A={0.2,0.2,0.2,0.15,0.25}
Wherein determine according to former project data and monitored area side slope concrete condition the weight that on-the-spot stability of slope affects.
(5) the Comprehensive Evaluation result of side slope safety state
Consider weight and the degree of membership of each factor in evaluation factor collection U, use weighted average model to make the fuzzy comprehensive evoluation of side slope safety state:
B=A·R={b
1，b
2，b
3，b
4}
Wherein B is the Result of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of side slope safety state, b
1, b
2, b
3, b
4correspond respectively to stable, normal, unstability and high-risk.
Fuzzy comprehensive evoluation collection is also evaluate a fuzzy subset on collection V, and according to the evaluation collection set up and factor judgment criteria, obvious B more close to 1, then shows that side slope more tends to this state.Calculate through Matlab and sort by size to each comprehensive evaluation result, maximum B belonging positions in V correspond to the stability of slope state taken into full account on every judging quota weight and degree of membership basis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system composition frame diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the Operation system setting figure in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, embodiments of the invention are further described:
[embodiment]:
The present invention is applied in Magang Group Nanshan Mine Washan stope south nation slope monitoring process, and distribution is arranged on monitored area for monitoring the monitoring station of surface displacement, deep displacement, stress, energy and rainfall.Slope displacement monitoring comprises side slope surface displacement monitoring and side slope deep soils, wherein side slope surface displacement monitoring adopts side slope radar monitoring technology, arrange that in northern nation stabilized zone slope stability radar 14# carries out 24 hours real-time dynamic scans to southern nation monitoring side slope, obtain side slope surface displacement real time data;
(1) 6#, 7#, 8#, 9# are the side slope deep displacement meters being arranged in potential water use corner place, hole along potential sliding mass and adopt rectangular arrangement mode, aperture is 75mm-90mm, hole depth is through the potential sliding mass of side slope, the degree of depth is 35m-45m, and in hole, interval 10m installs fixing grappling fixture, connects deep displacement meter by traction steel wire, boring external stabilization basement rock is provided with stable mark post, the absolute displacement of side slope deep rock mass different depth can be drawn according to the mark post absolute displacement of radar scanning; 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5# point is arranged in the borehole stressmeter on the major control step of potential sliding mass, aperture is 60mm, hole depth is 20m, and taseometer adopts straight line on step, interval 20m between boring, drilling hole amount is 5-7, to the bottom after boring hole flushing, taseometer being installed to boring, stress section will be guaranteed just to monitoring direction, applies an initial stress to sensor, after frequency stabilization, input instrument return to zero, can monitor side slope stress; 10#, 11#, 12#, 13# are the acoustic emission measuring points be arranged in around side slope joint, utilize rig to produce step in explosion to hole, distance blow-up point distance is 100m, measuring point advances in real time according to blow-up point, bore angle is 15 degree, aperture is 60mm. hole depth is 10m, measuring point distance is 10m, boring is selected among relatively complete rock mass, acoustic emission flush type probe is put into foot of hole, adopt Seepage-stress coupling, after setting acquisition parameter, Real-Time Monitoring can be carried out to the energy variation that explosion and slope body internal injury destroy.
(2) side slope rainfall monitoring, adopt side slope pluviograph, to side slope monitored area carry out rainfall weekly, monthly, annual rainfall record, side slope rain gage is arranged on Slope shoulder open field, particularly there is slight crack and carried out the side slope region that backfills, by rain gage automatic acquisition rainfall product data, immediate analysis, having taked to lay trench drain, to dam the measure such as to change its course, the harm of rainfall Slope Stability is dropped to minimum.
(3) video checks system, arranges video monitoring probe to monitored area, and the monitoring point reaching alarm threshold value for monitored area is carried out video and checked, eliminate danger source in time, reaches early warning rapid, time saving and energy saving in time.
Each Monitor Sub-Station of Less has data acquisition unit, communication module and power supply, the data of monitoring are sent to data message receiving element by communication module by the data acquisition unit of Monitor Sub-Station of Less, rear transmission Data Analysis Services unit is gathered by data message receiving element, Threshold Analysis software Monitoring Data being led to Monitor Sub-Station of Less carries out rough handling analysis, the data not reaching alarm threshold value will be stored, as preliminary data analysis, after reaching the arbitrary threshold value of warning of Monitor Sub-Station of Less, the video in slope monitoring region checks that system (high-definition camera video probe) will be carried out video to key area and be checked, and Monitoring Data is reached intelligent expert evaluation system and carry out the process of data multiple information coupling analysis, and Comprehensive analysis results is reached slope test warning center, and constantly adjust monitoring threshold according to side slope actual conditions and finally reach accurate forecast.
Claims (7)
1. the polynary of a side slope safety is coupling in line monitoring method, it is characterized in that, described method carries out coupling analysis process to multiple information, real-time dynamic monitoring slope instability overall process carry out Comprehensive Evaluation by intelligent expert evaluation system from different perspectives, carry out early warning according to the analysis result of Comprehensive Evaluation again, said method comprising the steps of:
1) data of slope displacement monitoring, stress monitoring, rainfall monitoring and acoustic emission monitor(ing) are gathered;
2) Threshold Analysis is carried out to every Monitoring Data;
3) to step 2) in do not reach alarm threshold value data store, as preliminary data;
4) to step 2) in reach the threshold value of warning of arbitrary image data after, video is carried out to the key area of side slope monitored area and checks;
5) by step 2) in reach threshold value of warning Monitoring Data reach intelligent expert evaluation system and carry out the process of multiple information coupling analysis, and carry out early warning according to Comprehensive analysis results;
6) threshold value of warning of monitoring is constantly adjusted according to side slope actual conditions.
2. monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the multiple information coupling analysis disposal route of described intelligent expert evaluation system comprises:
(1) side slope evaluation factor collection U:U={u is set up
1, u
2, u
3, u
4, u
5, wherein u
1, u
2, u
3, u
4, u
5presentation surface displacement, deep displacement, side slope stress, acoustic emission monitor(ing), rainfall evaluation index value respectively;
(2) set up side slope safety evaluation collection V: above-mentioned evaluation index value has been carried out classification for stability of slope impact, unified is 4 grades by side slope safety grade classification, and be stable, normal, unstability and high-risk, V={ stablizes, normally, and unstability, high-risk;
(3) degree of membership of side slope evaluation factor on V and fuzzy relationship matrix r is determined;
(4) the weight sets A of agriculture products factor:
According to the significance level of each index factor, can give each factor corresponding weight respectively;
5) weighted average model is used to make the fuzzy comprehensive evoluation of side slope safety state:
B＝A·R＝{b
1，b
2，b
3，b
4}
Wherein B is the Result of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of side slope safety state, b
1, b
2, b
3, b
4correspond respectively to stable, normal, unstability and high-risk.
3. the polynary of a side slope safety is coupling in line monitoring system, described monitoring system comprises data acquisition unit, wireless communication module, data message receiving element and Data Analysis Services unit, it is characterized in that, described Data Analysis Services unit comprises Threshold Analysis unit, data storage cell, video checks unit, intelligent expert evaluation system and prewarning unit, the process of multiple information coupling analysis is carried out by described intelligent expert evaluation system, Monitoring Data carries out preliminary process and analysis by Threshold Analysis unit, the data not reaching alarm threshold value are stored by data storage cell, as preliminary data analysis, after reaching the arbitrary threshold value of warning of Monitor Sub-Station of Less, the video in slope monitoring region checks that unit will carry out video to key area and check, and Monitoring Data is reached intelligent expert evaluation system and carry out the process of data multiple information coupling analysis, and analysis result is reached prewarning unit, and constantly adjust monitoring threshold according to side slope actual conditions.
4. on-line monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the data of monitoring are sent to data message receiving element by wireless communication module by described data acquisition unit, are sent to Data Analysis Services unit after being gathered by data message receiving element.
5. according to claim 3 on-line monitoring system, it is characterized in that, described video checks that unit is high-definition camera video probe.
6. according to claim 3 on-line monitoring system, it is characterized in that, described monitoring system also comprises power supply, and wherein data acquisition unit, wireless communication module and power supply are arranged on Monitor Sub-Station of Less.
7. according to claim 3 on-line monitoring system, it is characterized in that, the data of wherein monitoring comprise the Monitoring Data of surface displacement, deep displacement, side slope stress, acoustic emission monitor(ing), rainfall.
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| JP4483202B2 (en) * | 2003-05-28 | 2010-06-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | Monitoring terminal device |
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| CN201277869Y (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2009-07-22 | 交通部公路科学研究所 | Side slope stability monitoring system for highway |
| CN101859478A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-10-13 | 河海大学 | Slope real-time safety monitoring system based on wireless sensor network |
| CN102610059A (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2012-07-25 | 河海大学 | Monitoring and prewarning system for sudden flood in mountainous area and establishing method thereof |
| CN203204791U (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-09-18 | 成都市西创科技有限公司 | Multiparameter landslide and mud-rock flow monitoring early warning system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NL2030301B1 (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2023-01-23 | Wuhan Center China Geological Survey Central South China Innovation Center For Geosciences | System for comprehensively monitoring rock mass degradation of hydro-fluctuation belt of bank slope in valley area and monitoring method |
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