CN1037342C - 甲基柏木酮的合成方法 - Google Patents

甲基柏木酮的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN1037342C
CN1037342C CN95101865A CN95101865A CN1037342C CN 1037342 C CN1037342 C CN 1037342C CN 95101865 A CN95101865 A CN 95101865A CN 95101865 A CN95101865 A CN 95101865A CN 1037342 C CN1037342 C CN 1037342C
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acid
synthetic method
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vertofix coeur
cedar wood
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赵长缨
杨文智
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International Flavors and Fragrances Hangzhou Co Ltd
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Branch No1 Of Huangyan Essences Factory
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
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Abstract

甲基柏木酮的合成方法,以中国柏木油为起始原料,在质子酸的存在下,用醋酐乙酰化制得。所谓的质子酸是甲酸或乙酸或磷酸或聚磷酸或硫酸,异构化和乙酰化反应同时进行。本发明选择合适的质子酸为催化剂,控制反应温度和时间,获得收率高的甲基柏木酮。

Description

甲基柏木酮的合成方法
本发明涉及香料领域,是涉及甲基柏木酮的合成技术。
甲基柏木酮是一种具有麝香、龙涎香的木香香料,其香气强列持久,在调香上具有很好的修饰、协调、定香作用。广泛应用于香皂、化妆品、香波等日化香精中。甲基柏木酮的制法是从柏木油分馏异构化后,并与醋酐进行乙酰化反应,然后经精馏而得到。已有技术由于在异构化反应中选用的催化剂不当和操作步骤存在缺陷,因此,制得的成品香气不纯,收率低。
本发明的目的是选择合适的质子酸为催化剂,掌握反应温度和反应时间等反应条件,以得到收率高的甲基柏木酮的合成方法。
本发明甲基柏木酮合成方法的技术方案是:以柏木油为起始原料,在质子酸的存在下,用醋酐乙酰化制得,其所谓的质子酸是甲酸或乙酸或磷酸或聚磷酸或硫酸等,对柏木油的主要成份α-柏木烯、β-柏木烯、罗汉柏烯的异构化和乙酰化反应同时进行。质子酸与烃的摩尔比为0.5-5∶1乙酰化反应温度是10-100℃,反应时间5-12小时。
本发明的甲基柏木酮的合成方法,其乙酰化剂醋酐与烃的摩尔比为1.0-8.0∶1。
本发明涉及了甲基柏木酮的合成方法,其反应式如下:
Figure C9510186500031
在以上反应中,柏木醇在质子酸作用下脱去一分子水生成α-柏木烯(I),β-柏木烯(II)在质子酸作用下异构化为α-柏木烯(I),再进行乙酰化反应。
反应A:
Figure C9510186500041
罗汉柏烯(III)在不同的条件下,得到不同的异构产物。在弱酸条件下,(III)先异构化为1,4,11,11-四甲基双环[5,4,0]-十一-3,7-二烯(VII),(L、E、Friedrich,Dissertation,1966,University Microfilms,Lnc.,Ann Arbor,Michigan,No.67-8559,P128),进一步异构化则得到2,2,3,7-四甲基三环[5,2,2,01.6]-十一-3-烯(VII),(L、E、Friedrich,Dissertation,1966,University Microfilms,Ann Arbor,Michigan,No.67-8559,P51,110-112)和其他C15H24三环烃。
反应B:
Figure C9510186500042
在强酸条件下,罗汉柏烯(III)异构化为β-扁柏烯(IX)和α-扁柏烯(X),再进一步异构化为6,8a-乙撑-1,1,6-三甲基-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-八氢萘(XI)和其他C15H24三环烃(US Pat,3,681,470)。
反应C:
Figure C9510186500043
甲基柏木酮的香气主要取决于乙酰基柏木烯(IV)和4-乙酰基-6,8a-乙撑-1,1,6-三甲基-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-八氢萘(VI),而(VI)可由IX、X、XI乙酰化制得(US Pat,3,754,037)。
反应D:
Figure C9510186500051
本发明的甲基柏木酮选用的起始原料是柏木油,其主要成份是α-柏木烯(I)、β-柏木烯(II)、罗汉柏烯(III)和柏木醇,该四种组份含量分别为:(1)18-30%,(2)5-10%,(3)30-40%,(4)20-30%,由于产地的不同-如贵州或四川产——各种组份的含量均有区别,故乙酰化后制得的甲基柏木酮在香气上亦有差别,须调整组份后才能成为商品甲基柏木酮。
本发明的特点是α-柏木烯(I)、β柏木烯(II)和罗汉柏烯(III)的异构化和乙酰化反应同时进行。选择合适的质子酸催化剂、酸浓度、反应溶剂、反应温度和反应时间等反应条件,可以得到较好收率的甲基柏木酮。
如前所述,对罗汉柏烯(III)的异构化,我们希望不以反应B进行,而以反应C进行,那么就需选择较强的质子酸催化剂。对于本发明,甲酸、乙酸、磷酸、聚磷酸或硫酸是较合适的。对于每摩尔烃所需的酸的摩尔数,我们认为以0.5-5mol较合适。如酸用量太少,对异构化不利;而酸用量太多,又会引起付反应,导致收率下降。较高的酸浓度对我们所希望得到的反应是有利的,通常要求浓酸中水份含量少于20%,酸浓度不高的结果,是异构化不彻底,使付产物增多。
本发明中乙酰化剂用醋酐,对于每摩尔烃所使用的醋酐并无多大要求,可在很大范围内变化,一般为1.0-8.0mol,最好是1.5-3.5mol。
本发明的乙酰化反应,可以使用也可以不用溶剂,溶剂可选用乙酸、二氯乙烷、环己烷、苯或甲苯等。如果用溶剂,其量可以是烃的0.5-1倍。
反应温度选择在10-100℃。温度太低,反应混合物粘度大,不易搅拌,反应慢。温度太高,则付产多,收率低。我们认为较合适的温度是65-80℃,反应时间5-12小时。
下面说明本发明的一个实施例。
四川柏木油作为原料柏木烯。
在100L反应锅内,加入醋酐18Kg,聚磷酸(105%)20Kg,搅拌加热至75℃,加入20Kg原料柏木烯在10Kg苯中的溶液。反应混合物在75℃搅拌反应7小时后,加水30Kg,分解聚磷酸。油层放入洗涤锅,水层用苯萃取,萃取液也并入洗涤锅。加释碱中和,然后水洗至中性。回收苯后得甲基柏木酮粗品,精馏收集120-168℃/70Pa镏分,得淡黄色甲基柏木酮成品,收率60%,含酮量大于80%,具浓郁的木香麝香香气。

Claims (4)

1、甲基柏木酮的合成方法,以柏木油为起始原料,在质子酸的存在下,用醋酐乙酰化制得,其特征在于所谓的质子酸是甲酸或乙酸或磷酸或聚磷酸或硫酸,异构化和乙酰化反应同时进行,质子酸与烃的摩尔比为0.5-5∶1,乙酰化反应温度是10-100℃,反应时间5-12小时。
2、如权利要求1所述的甲基柏木酮的合成方法,其特征在于乙酰化剂醋酐与烃的摩尔比为1.0-8.0∶1。
3、如权利要求1所述的甲基柏木酮的合成方法,其特征在于乙酰化剂醋酐与烃摩尔比为1.5~3.5∶1。
4、如权利要求1所述的甲基柏木酮的合成方法,其特征在于乙酰化反应温度是65~80℃。
CN95101865A 1995-03-02 1995-03-02 甲基柏木酮的合成方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1037342C (zh)

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CN101265170B (zh) * 2008-04-22 2010-06-02 杭州格林香料化学有限公司 用固体超强酸合成甲基柏木酮的方法
CN104045538B (zh) * 2014-06-16 2015-08-19 江西华宇香料化工有限公司 一种杉木油制备甲基柏木酮的方法
CN111792989A (zh) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-20 李金国 一种用于生产化妆品用甲基柏木酮的方法
CN111646888A (zh) * 2020-08-04 2020-09-11 李金国 一种生产化妆品用香料甲基柏木酮的方法
CN114369004A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-19 水木海清生物科技(福建)有限公司 一种低酸用量和低酸耗量的柏木烯异构化方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3681470A (en) * 1971-01-18 1972-08-01 Givaudan Corp Acid isomerization of thujopsene and novel tricyclic olerinic c15 h24 hydrocarbons formed thereby
US3754037A (en) * 1971-01-18 1973-08-21 Givaudan Corp Process for the acetylation of chamigrenes
EP0074694A2 (en) * 1981-09-16 1983-03-23 Naarden International N.V. Perfume compositions and perfumed articles containing one or more tetramethyl-tri-cycloundecyl-alkyl ketones as perfume component

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3681470A (en) * 1971-01-18 1972-08-01 Givaudan Corp Acid isomerization of thujopsene and novel tricyclic olerinic c15 h24 hydrocarbons formed thereby
US3754037A (en) * 1971-01-18 1973-08-21 Givaudan Corp Process for the acetylation of chamigrenes
EP0074694A2 (en) * 1981-09-16 1983-03-23 Naarden International N.V. Perfume compositions and perfumed articles containing one or more tetramethyl-tri-cycloundecyl-alkyl ketones as perfume component

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