CN103727074A - Method for preventing surges of air compressor in process of low-power operation of fuel cell locomotive - Google Patents
Method for preventing surges of air compressor in process of low-power operation of fuel cell locomotive Download PDFInfo
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- CN103727074A CN103727074A CN201310671985.6A CN201310671985A CN103727074A CN 103727074 A CN103727074 A CN 103727074A CN 201310671985 A CN201310671985 A CN 201310671985A CN 103727074 A CN103727074 A CN 103727074A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing surges of an air compressor in the process of low-power operation of a fuel cell locomotive. A power current collection module, a control object selection module, an air compressor control unit module and a bypass valve control module are included. The power current collection module is used for recording the current power of a fuel cell, sending the value of the recorded power to the control object selection module, and conveying currents to the air compressor control unit module and the bypass valve control module; the control object selection module is used for outputting a selection signal of a control object according to the collected power and the power limit set by the control object selection module; the air compressor control unit module is used for controlling the flow of an inlet of the fuel cell according to the set peroxide rate on the situation of high power of the fuel cell by controlling the air compressor under the normal working condition; the bypass valve control module is used for controlling the opening degree of a bypass valve to ensure that the flow of the inlet of the fuel cell meets the requirement of the set peroxide rate coefficient on the situation of low power of the fuel cell. According to the method for preventing the surges of the air compressor in the process of low-power operation of the fuel cell locomotive, under the condition that new technological devices do not need to be excessively added, or the technological process does not need to be greatly changed, only a bypass system is added, and the surges of the air compressor of a fuel cell locomotive system are prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of air compressor surge method while preventing fuel cell locomotive low power run, belong to fuel cell technology field.
Background technique
Fuel cell is the continuous generating device that a kind of fuel that outside is supplied with and the chemical energy in oxygenant are transformed into electric energy.Due to fuel battery power density and energy density high, clean and effective, power range is broad, in every field such as micro power, portable power source, vehicular engine, stationary electric power plants, all has a wide range of applications, and is therefore subject to the extensive attention of countries in the world.The U.S., Japan, Canada, European Countries are all at active development fuel cell technology, and nearly all large automobile making commercial city is at development of fuel cells electric vehicle in the world at present, and China also develops a fuel cell locomotive of informing against.Yet because the surging phenomenon of the air compressor on fuel locomotive has caused fuel cell locomotive unavoidably to cause the surge of air compressor when low-power is exported.
Chinese patent [CN 101303030A] although Surge Prevention System can effectively guarantee that air compressor is operated in non-surge region, it,, just for single air compressor system, is but not suitable for for fuel cell locomotive whole system.The databook of fuel cell locomotive can be found out if do not adopt any measure, the operation point of fuel cell under low power condition is in the surge region of air compressor, the direction of research is not that air compressor from falling surge area in single how preventing, but how both to have guaranteed that air compressor was operated in non-surge area, can make again fuel cell locomotive work under low power condition.
Canadian bar rad energy system company has proposed to set up at air compressor the scheme of bypass, when fuel cell locomotive moves under low power condition, be, air compressor continue to operate in normal region and now excessive air by bypass reflux, enter into air compressor ingress.When although the method guarantees fuel cell locomotive low power run, air compressor always works in the problem of normal region, but in bypass, single switch can only guarantee that the air mass flow of air compressor outlet enters in fuel cell with the ratio of fixing, peroxide ratio to fuel cell cannot regulate, and may make fuel cell cannot be operated under the condition of best peroxide ratio.
For the deficiency of single switch in above-mentioned bypass, can set up the scheme of many bypath systems, the bypass of n bar is set, by controlling the switching of n by-pass switch, be that bypass has 2
nplant flow value, thereby regulate the both air flow modulation peroxide ratio that enters fuel cell.Simultaneously in Chinese patent [CN 1397857A], containing the digital pressure/flow regulating electromechanical equipment of the valve body of n fluid passage, can well solve the problem that air compressor bypass can not fuel metering battery peroxide ratio.Adopting which method is all to control the valve of n, so use " many bypasses " system acute pyogenic infection of finger tip bypath system in content below, represents " number " opened of valve in bypath system with " aperture ".
Owing to realizing in the current situation that all needs to increase new manufacturing equipment or change technological process for single surge resistance of air compressor system, there is system complexity, realize complicated, the shortcomings such as operating cost height and single surge resistance of air compressor system when fuel cell locomotive whole system low-power for whole fuel cell locomotive system cisco unity malfunction.For the surge resistance of air compressor system in fuel cell locomotive system when low-power, also there is no a set of complete hierarchy of control.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is mainly to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of embodiment simply, not need too much to increase new manufacturing equipment or changes technological process, reliability is high, operating cost the is low method that prevents the surge of air compressor in fuel cell locomotive system.
In order to achieve the above object, the fuel cell locomotive low power run surge resistance of air compressor method that is achieved in that of the present invention, comprises fuel battery power current acquisition module, control object selection module, air compressor control unit module and by-pass valve control module; The current fuel battery power of fuel battery power current acquisition module records is selected module to control object, and electric current is to air compressor control module and by-pass valve control module; Described control object selects module according to the power collecting and self setting power boundary, to export the selection signal of control object: when selecting air compressor as major control object, by the function relation unit in control module, deviation arithmetic element and the control signal of PID control unit output to air compressor; When bypath system is during as major control object, by the control signal of the function relation unit in control module, deviation arithmetic element, PID control unit and D/A conversion unit output by-pass valve.
The output power situation of power, the current fuel cell of current acquisition module records.
Control object is selected module, and the output power that fuel cell locomotive is current determines that needing the main object of controlling is air compressor or by-pass valve.
Air compressor control module, the revolution of controlling air compressor makes air compressor always work in non-surge region.
By-pass valve control module, the peroxide ratio of control by-pass valve regulation fuel cell.
Above-mentioned power, current acquisition module are mainly to collect output power or electric current is selected module and air compressor control module or by-pass valve control module to control object respectively by current.
Control object selects module mainly power setting unit and comparing unit, to consist of, and air compressor can be set and be operated in non-surge region.The minimal power values that fuel battery energy provides, is the current performance number contrast collecting, and output major control object is selecting signal.Power setting unit is mainly used for being arranged on air compressor and is operated in non-surge region, and the minimal power values that fuel battery energy provides can be according to the technical manual setting of locomotive.Comparing unit is mainly by the current fuel battery power value collecting and the minimal power values comparison of setting, provides the main object of control according to result relatively, and when current fuel battery power value is greater than minimal power values, major control object is air compressor; When current fuel battery power value is less than minimal power values, major control object is by-pass valve.
Air compressor control module mainly consists of a function relation converting unit, deviation arithmetic element and PID control unit, during the work of air compressor control module, by the peroxide ratio of setting, through function relation unit, calculate flow, reference flow as PID control unit, by deviation arithmetic element, calculating the reference flow of setting and the deviation of actual flow, inputing to the control signal of PID control unit output air compressor, controlling air compressor and be operated in normal operation region.Control function be related to electric current, air mass flow, peroxide than between function relation, by the peroxide of current fuel cell output current and setting than being converted into corresponding discharge relation, as the reference flow of PID control unit.Deviation arithmetic element is that the grass that calculates setting is examined the deviation of flow and actual flow as the input of PID control unit.PID control unit is mainly to control air compressor to make fuel cell according to the peroxide of setting, than to fuel cell, provide air when high power, when low-power, with the flow delivery air of setting, does not consider the control to peroxide ratio.
By-pass valve control module, mainly by a function relation converting unit, deviation arithmetic element, PID control unit and a D/A conversion unit, formed, during the work of by-pass valve control module, by the peroxide ratio of setting, through function relation unit, calculate flow, reference flow as PID control unit, by deviation arithmetic element, calculating the reference flow of setting and the deviation of actual flow, input to PID control unit, in the control signal through AD conversion unit output by-pass valve, control the air mass flow that enters fuel cell.Converting unit, deviation arithmetic element are identical with converting unit, deviation arithmetic element in air compressor control module, PID control unit major function is the switching signal of output by-pass valve, to adopt n bar bypath system or adopt in patent [CN 1397857A] digital pressure/flow regulating electromechanical equipment containing the valve body of n fluid passage all to need to move n valve, so AD conversion unit is exactly that the Output rusults of PID control unit is converted to n valve of a n position digital signal control.
Compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the controlling method of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor and system, exceed and increase manufacturing equipment and do not change in the situation of technological process, only by setting up " many bypasses " system, " aperture " of control valve, can make fuel cell normally work under low power condition, can make again air compressor can not drop into surge area, prevent air compressor surge.Thereby increase work efficiency, and the system architecture of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor is simple, reliability is high, operating cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for a kind of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor of providing of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a kind of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor system of providing of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of a kind of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor system of providing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the present invention easier to understand, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated, but embodiment in accompanying drawing does not form any limitation of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of fuel cell air compressor of locomotive anti-surge method, comprises the steps:
Power, current acquisition module are selected module by the current fuel battery power collecting to control object, and electric current is to air compressor control module and by-pass valve control module.
Air compressor is set and is operated in non-surge region, the minimum power that fuel battery energy provides.Concrete minimal power values can obtain according to locomotive data handbook, also can be multiplied by a safety coefficient according to actual conditions.
Control object is selected the current output power of module fuel cell locomotive, determine main control object, judge whether current fuel cell output power is more than or equal to setting value, if be more than or equal to execution step [0027], as be less than execution step [0028];
Set the peroxide ratio of fuel cell locomotive system.
When fuel cell present output power is more than or equal to the minimum value of setting, bypass control module, by-pass valve Close All, bypath system is not worked; Air compressor control module, controls air compressor according to the peroxide of setting than by pid control module, makes it according to setting peroxide, compare air feed.
When fuel cell present output power is less than the minimum value of setting, air compressor control module, controls air compressor and works with constant output flow (normal operation region); Bypass control module, controls bypath system valve " aperture " by PID control unit and D/A conversion unit, and the air mass flow that makes to enter in fuel cell meets the peroxide ratio of setting.
Said method, by detecting fuel cell output power, determines that the air mass flow of fuel cell is mainly still controlled by by-pass valve by air compressor.By the function relation between electric current, peroxide ratio, flow, determine the air mass flow of fuel cell demand, by PID control unit, controlling air compressor, bypath system, thereby making fuel cell locomotive when low power run, air compressor always works in normal region.
As shown in Figure 2, the invention provides a kind of fuel cell air compressor of locomotive Surge Prevention System, comprise power, current acquisition module 210, control object is selected module 220, air compressor control module 230 and by-pass valve control module 240.
Power, current acquisition module 210 are for output power and the electric current of Real-time Collection fuel cell.
Control object selects module 220 for judging the working condition of fuel cell locomotive, selects control object.The critical value of Rule of judgment is set simultaneously.Alternative condition is, when fuel cell present output power is more than or equal to the critical value of setting, mainly by controlling air compressor, to carry out the inlet air flow rate of fuel metering battery; When fuel cell present output power is less than the critical value of setting, mainly by controlling by-pass valve, carry out the inlet air flow rate of fuel metering battery.
The main control to air compressor than information according to the peroxide of the signal of Object Selection module and setting of air compressor control module 230, guarantees that air compressor is operated in normal operation region and makes operation of fuel cells set peroxide than under condition.
By-pass valve control module 240 is the main control to " aperture " of by-pass valve than information according to the peroxide of the signal of Object Selection module and setting also, make operation of fuel cells set peroxide than under condition for the control to bypath system.
Wherein, power, current acquisition module 210 comprise power collecting unit 211 and this collecting unit 212 of electric current.Information has been given respectively control object and has been selected module 220, air compressor control module 230 and by-pass valve control module 240.
Control object selects module 220 to comprise power setting unit 221 and comparing unit 222.Power setting unit 221 arranges the critical value of module judgement, if the running state of comparing unit master 222 judgement current systems is exported follow-up control signal.
Before system operation by power setting unit 221, when first air compressor being set normally working, the minimal power values that fuel cell can normally be worked.The performance number of setting and the current power value being collected by power collecting unit 211 are inputed to comparing unit 222.Comparing unit 222 is processed rear Output rusults: " 1 " represents that current power value is more than or equal to setting value (locomotive work is at high power state); " 0 " represents that current power value is less than setting value (locomotive work is at low power state).As shown in Figure 3, then result is inputed to the function relation unit 231,241 in air compressor control module 230 and by-pass valve control module 240.
Air compressor control module 230 mainly comprises function relation unit 231, deviation arithmetic element 232 and PID control unit 233.Function relation unit 231 is mainly according to the peroxide of the current current value collecting and setting, than coefficient 273, to calculate the air stream value of fuel cell demand.Deviation arithmetic element 232 is mainly the deviation between computing reference flow and actual flow.233 of PID control units be by algorithm to calculating the control signal of air compressor, control air compressor.
By-pass valve control module 240 mainly comprises function relation unit 241, deviation arithmetic element 242, PID control unit 243 and AD conversion unit 244.Function relation unit 241 is mainly according to the peroxide of the current current value collecting and setting, than coefficient 373, to calculate the air stream value of fuel cell demand.Deviation arithmetic element 242 is mainly the deviation between computing reference flow and actual flow.243 of PID control units are to calculating the control signal of by-pass valve system by algorithm.244 of AD conversion units are that the control signal that pid control module 243 is obtained is converted to digital quantity, and each of digital quantity is being controlled the valve of corresponding correspondence.
When the result that by-pass valve control module 240 receives comparing unit 222 is simultaneously " 1 ", now the function relation unit 241 in by-pass valve control module, deviation arithmetic element 242, PID control unit 243 are not worked, just to AD conversion unit 244, send into a constant 0, allow its output control by-pass valve Close All.The main air compressor control module 230 of air mass flow is controlled like this.
When the function relation unit 240 in air compressor control module 230 receives signal in comparing unit 222 and is " 0 ", the now effect of air compressor control module 230 is that requirement is not done to flow control in the working zone that control air compressor remains on, so now function relation unit 231 does not carry out computing and just exports an air stream value setting in advance (can then guarantee that air compressor is operated in normal region, can obtain according to the system handbook of locomotive or laboratory data).Deviation arithmetic element 232 receives the data of air stream value and flow collection unit 271, calculate at the peroxide of setting than the deviation of flow corresponding to coefficient and actual flow, then deviation result is delivered to PID control unit 233, by algorithm, control air compressor, make air compressor can be operated in normal working zone under the flow of setting.
Accordingly, the signal that now by-pass valve control module 231 is received from comparing unit 222 is " 0 ", and the inlet flow rate of fuel cell is mainly controlled by by-pass valve.First the function relation unit in by-pass valve control module 240 241 the peroxide of setting than and from current acquisition unit 212, receive electric current and be converted into corresponding air stream value, then with flow collection unit 272 in actual flow value transmission deviation arithmetic element 242, the deviate obtaining enters PID control unit 243, by algorithm, obtain " aperture " of by-pass valve, corresponding digital quantity obtaining by AD conversion unit 244, removes to control each valve.Make so the unnecessary air of air compressor by bypath system, get back to the ingress of air compressor, guaranteed that fuel battery air side entrance flow is more corresponding than coefficient with the peroxide of setting.
From native system, can find out, when fuel cell locomotive work is during at high power, air compressor can not fall into surge area, and fuel battery air side entrance flow is mainly controlled by air compressor, when fuel cell locomotive work is during in low-power, fuel battery air side entrance flow is mainly to have by-pass valve to control.Fuel cell air compressor of locomotive Surge Prevention System of the present invention, simple in structure, reliability is high, the control of surge resistance of air compressor and fuel battery air flow in the time of can conveniently realizing fuel cell low-power operation, has strengthened the stability of whole locomotive air system; And do not need to increase new technology and equipment, operating cost is low.
Claims (4)
1. fuel cell locomotive low power run surge resistance of air compressor method, its spy is: comprise that fuel battery power current acquisition module, control object select module, air compressor control unit module and by-pass valve control module; The current fuel battery power of fuel battery power current acquisition module records is selected module to control object, and electric current is to air compressor control module and by-pass valve control module; Described control object selects module according to the power collecting and self setting power boundary, to export the selection signal of control object: when selecting air compressor as major control object, by the function relation unit in control module, deviation arithmetic element and the control signal of PID control unit output to air compressor; When bypath system is during as major control object, by the control signal of the function relation unit in control module, deviation arithmetic element, PID control unit and D/A conversion unit output by-pass valve.
2. fuel cell locomotive low power run surge resistance of air compressor method according to claim 1, its feature is: described control object is selected module, air compressor can be set to be operated in non-surge region, the minimal power values that fuel battery energy provides, with the current performance number contrast collecting, output major control object is selecting signal again.
3. fuel cell locomotive low power run surge resistance of air compressor method according to claim 1, its feature is: when described air compressor control module is worked, by the peroxide ratio of setting, through function relation unit, calculate flow, reference flow as PID control unit, by deviation arithmetic element, calculate the reference flow of setting and the deviation of actual flow again, input to the control signal of PID control unit output air compressor, control air compressor and be operated in normal operation region.
4. fuel cell locomotive low power run surge resistance of air compressor method according to claim 1, its feature is: when described by-pass valve control module is worked, by the peroxide ratio of setting, through function relation unit, calculate flow, reference flow as PID control unit, by deviation arithmetic element, calculating the reference flow of setting and the deviation of actual flow, input to PID control unit, in the control signal through AD conversion unit output by-pass valve, control the air mass flow that enters fuel cell.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104466213A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 西南交通大学 | Water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method |
| CN108506241A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-09-07 | 重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 | A kind of control method of compressor anti-asthma valve |
| CN110979037A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-04-10 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Air compressor control method and system of hybrid power vehicle and storage medium |
| CN111342086A (en) * | 2020-02-29 | 2020-06-26 | 同济大学 | Fuel cell air oxygen ratio and flow pressure cooperative control method and system |
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| WO2023037551A1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | 三菱重工エンジン＆ターボチャージャ株式会社 | Oxidizing gas supply system, and fuel cell electric vehicle |
| CN116357623A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-06-30 | 深圳市氢蓝时代动力科技有限公司 | Anti-surge structure of centrifugal air compressor for fuel cell and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111342086B (en) * | 2020-02-29 | 2022-10-25 | 同济大学 | Fuel cell air oxygen ratio and flow pressure cooperative control method and system |
| CN113745573A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-03 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| WO2023037551A1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | 三菱重工エンジン＆ターボチャージャ株式会社 | Oxidizing gas supply system, and fuel cell electric vehicle |
| CN116357623A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-06-30 | 深圳市氢蓝时代动力科技有限公司 | Anti-surge structure of centrifugal air compressor for fuel cell and control method thereof |
| CN116357623B (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-11-24 | 深圳市氢蓝时代动力科技有限公司 | Anti-surge control method of centrifugal air compressor for fuel cell |
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