CN104466213A - Water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method - Google Patents
Water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104466213A CN104466213A CN201410854355.7A CN201410854355A CN104466213A CN 104466213 A CN104466213 A CN 104466213A CN 201410854355 A CN201410854355 A CN 201410854355A CN 104466213 A CN104466213 A CN 104466213A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010013975 Dyspnoeas Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method. In water-cooled fuel batteries, control over voltage balance between the electric pile single batteries is achieved by controlling the air excess coefficient on the negative pole side of an electric pile in real time based on the actual situation of a load in the electric pile, and the service life of the electric pile is prolonged. The water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system comprises the PEMFC electric pile, the electronic load, a current sensor, a data collecting card, an upper computer, a controller and a mass flow meter. The air excess coefficient on the negative pole side is adjusted in real time, the voltage balance between the PEMFC single batteries can be well guaranteed, the response speed of the electric pile is increased, on the premise that the air excess coefficient of the negative pole of the water-cooled PEMFC system is kept in the adjustable range, the air excess coefficient control method is simple and high in reliability and universality, and it is ensured that a good voltage balance state is kept between the single batteries during electric pile running.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fuel cell technology, particularly relate to a kind of water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control system and method.
Background technology
Along with increasingly sharpening and the continuous deterioration of world environments of global warming issue, new forms of energy utilize attention.Fuel cell because it is efficient, the advantage such as cleaning, noiseless, power bracket be wide, be regarded as a kind of new energy technology having development prospect.Wherein Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (Proton Exchange MembraneFuel Cell, PEMFC) have that operating temperature is low, power density is high, respond the features such as quick, pollution-free, be widely used in the association areas such as portable power source, domestic power supply, motor vehicle driven by mixed power, distributed power station.
PEMFC system needs according to conditions such as the change of load and the ruuning situations of pile itself in actual motion, the relevant parameter such as flow, pressure of reacting gas is regulated in real time, there is the strong nonlinearity of multi input, multi output, strong coupling, the features such as obvious hysteresis quality and randomness.
When being changed by driving load, pile electric current can change accordingly, if under now cathode air quantity delivered is in too low or too high state, so air is after flowing through pile cathode inlet, flow velocity when being assigned to each monolithic battery, pressure then can produce comparatively significantly difference, under corresponding operating current, each monolithic battery then can be different to the consumption of oxidant, thus cause the difference of performance between each monolithic battery, be then the difference of the output voltage of each monolithic battery from external presentation.And compared to pile anode-side hydrogen supply subsystem, the response speed of cathode side air supply subsystem is slower, be in load variations speed faster under transient state state, the problem that the supply of air very easily occurs deficiency or transfinites, the electric voltage equalization between monolithic battery so also certainly will be caused poor, and be difficult to solve, greatly affect the useful life of pile.
Carried out the research about above-mentioned phenomenon at present both at home and abroad, and proposed the concept of system peroxide ratio (Oxygen Excess Ratio, OER) for " air hunger " and system net power output, but concrete achievement in research is still relatively less.
In existing control method, the control methods such as optimal control, ANN Control, PREDICTIVE CONTROL have been applied in the controller based on the design of air hunger phenomenal motion states model, but all just consider and how to avoid air hunger phenomenon, oxygen is transfinited the impact of supply on system power dissipation, and the electric voltage equalization problem between monolithic battery is not considered.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control system and method, is intended to the problem that cannot realize electric voltage equalization between monolithic battery solving the existence of existing fuel battery air excess coefficient control method.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method, and this water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method comprises the following steps:
Step one, during the work of water-cooling type fuel cell system, regulates a certain current value I that electronic load allows to pile
1, adjustment excess air factor is λ
1, record each monolithic battery magnitude of voltage, calculate monolithic battery electric voltage equalization C
v;
Step 2, re-adjustments parameter air excess coefficient lambda m time altogether, records the C obtained each time
vm, C
vcarry out curve fitting with the relation of λ, obtain relation curve C
v=f (λ);
Step 3, regulates pile output current n time in pile output current allowed band, repeats aforesaid operations process, obtains output current I
nc under condition
vwith the relation curve C of λ
v=f
n(λ);
Step 4, the C that the different current values obtained are corresponding
vwith the C in the relation curve of λ
vminimum point C
vmincarry out curve fitting with corresponding λ value, obtain C
vrelation curve λ=the g (I) of the pile output current value I under minimal condition and air excess coefficient lambda;
Step 5, using curve λ=g (I) of obtaining as water-cooled PEMFC cathode side excess air factor control strategy foundation, regulates excess air factor in real time, realizes the direct control to water-cooled PEMFC monolithic battery electric voltage equalization.
Further, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells PEMFC electric voltage equalization is defined as: under a certain output condition, the departure degree between each monolithic battery voltage of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and average voltage, i.e. C
v,
wherein Vi is monolithic battery voltage, and i is battery sequence number number,
for monolithic battery average voltage.
Further, the set point of pemfc stack cathode side air excess coefficient lambda will meet the allowed band in pile parameter.
Further, the setting of pemfc stack output current will be not more than the maximum output current value that pile allows.
Further, the water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control system of this water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method, comprising: pemfc stack, electronic load, current sensor, data collecting card, host computer, controller, mass flowmenter;
Mass flowmenter, connects pemfc stack, for regulating the air mass flow needed for pemfc stack;
Current sensor, for experiencing pemfc stack current information, and can become detecting the information conversion experienced the signal of telecommunication and export electronic load and data collecting card to;
Electronic load, is connected with current sensor, for regulating the output current value of pemfc stack;
Data collecting card, is connected with pemfc stack and current sensor, for by the current value of Real-time Collection through A D conversion send into host computer;
Host computer, be connected with data collecting card, receive the current value of data collecting card conversion, need the air mass flow value of consumption for calculating pile output current in real time and be multiplied with optimal excess air coefficient λ under phase induced current, determining that actual needs sends into the air capacity of pile;
Controller, is connected with host computer, for receiving the air flow rate signal of host computer, and Mass Control flowmeter, the air mass flow needed for adjustment.
Water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control system provided by the invention and method, in water-cooling type fuel cell, based on load-carrying actual conditions, control pile cathode side excess air factor, realize the control to pile monolithic battery electric voltage equalization, improve the useful life of pile, existing general fuel battery test platform is tested the optimal excess air coefficient curve of corresponding water-cooling type pile, without the need to increasing extra auxiliary equipment, operating cost is controlled preferably; Meanwhile, air excess coefficient lambda regulates by water-cooling type Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells excess air factor control system in real time that provide, and without special installation compared with existing classical control system, structure is simple, is easy to realize.
The present invention is according to the load-carrying actual conditions of system, real-time adjustment cathode side excess air factor, the electric voltage equalization between PEMFC monolithic battery can be ensured preferably, promote the response speed of pile, and then extend the useful life of pile, under the prerequisite keeping water-cooling type PEMFC system cathode excess air factor in the scope allowing adjustment, provide one comparatively simple, reliability is high, the excess air factor control method of highly versatile, ensure that in pile operation and keep good electric voltage equalization state between each monolithic battery, and then extend the useful life of pemfc stack.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor Control system architecture schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention mid point electric current is definite value I
1time, C
v=f (λ) curve synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the relation curve λ=g (I) testing fuel cell output current value I and the air excess coefficient lambda obtained in the embodiment of the present invention by experiment;
Fig. 5 is under the embodiment of the present invention utilizes λ=g (I) to control air mass flow and determine excess coefficient λ situation, electric voltage equalization C during pile dynamic load
vcorrelation curve figure;
In figure: 1, pemfc stack; 2, electronic load; 3, current sensor; 4, data collecting card; 5, host computer; 6, controller; 7, mass flowmenter.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
S101: during the work of water-cooling type fuel cell system, regulate a certain current value I that electronic load allows to pile
1, adjustment excess air factor is λ
1, record each monolithic battery magnitude of voltage, calculate the harmonious C of monolithic battery voltage
v;
S102: re-adjustments parameter air excess coefficient lambda m time altogether, records the C obtained each time
vm, C
vcarry out curve fitting with the relation of λ, obtain relation curve C
v=f (λ);
S103: regulate pile output current n time in pile output current allowed band, repeats aforesaid operations process, obtains output current I
nc under condition
vwith the relation curve C of λ
v=f
n(λ);
S104: the C that the different current values obtained are corresponding
vwith the C in the relation curve of λ
vminimum point C
vmincarry out curve fitting with corresponding λ value, obtain monolithic battery voltage C
vrelation curve λ=the g (I) of the pile output current value I under minimal condition and air excess coefficient lambda;
S105: using curve λ=g (I) of obtaining as water-cooled PEMFC cathode side excess air factor control strategy foundation, regulate excess air factor in real time, realize the direct control to water-cooled PEMFC monolithic battery electric voltage equalization.
Fig. 3 is the some electric current of the embodiment of the present invention is definite value I
1time, in different λ situation, pile each monolithic battery electric voltage equalization linearity curve C that actual test obtains
v=f (λ) schematic diagram; Fig. 4 is the relation curve λ=g (I) testing fuel cell output current value I and the air excess coefficient lambda obtained in the embodiment of the present invention by experiment; Fig. 5 is under the embodiment of the present invention utilizes λ=g (I) to control air mass flow and determine excess coefficient λ situation, electric voltage equalization C during pile dynamic load
vcorrelation curve figure, can find out in pile output current dynamic load process, control air mass flow with dynamic excess coefficient λ=g (I), better can control each monomer battery voltage of pile harmonious;
As shown in Figure 2, the water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control system of the embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises: pemfc stack 1, electronic load 2, current sensor 3, data collecting card 4, host computer 5, controller 6, mass flowmenter 7;
Mass flowmenter 7, connects pemfc stack 1, for regulating the air mass flow needed for pemfc stack 1;
Current sensor 3, for experiencing pemfc stack 1 current information, and can become detecting the information conversion experienced the signal of telecommunication and export electronic load 2 and data collecting card 4 to;
Electronic load 2, is connected with current sensor 3, for regulating the output current value of pemfc stack 1;
Data collecting card 4, is connected with pemfc stack 1 and current sensor 3, for by the current value of Real-time Collection through A D conversion send into host computer 5;
Host computer 5, be connected with data collecting card 4, receive the current value that data collecting card 4 is changed, need the air mass flow value of consumption for calculating pile output current in real time and be multiplied with optimal excess air coefficient λ under phase induced current, determining that actual needs sends into the air capacity of pile;
Controller 6, is connected with host computer 5, for receiving the air flow rate signal of host computer 5, and Mass Control flowmeter 7, the air mass flow needed for fine adjustment.
The specific works principle of the embodiment of the present invention:
When pemfc stack 1 normally works, by the output current value regulating electronic load 2 to change pemfc stack 1, the change of simulation PEMFC load in the middle of actual motion; Data collecting card 4 by the current value of Real-time Collection through A D conversion send into host computer 5; Host computer 5 calculates pile output current in real time to be needed the air mass flow value of consumption and is multiplied with optimal excess air coefficient λ under phase induced current, determines that actual needs sends into the air capacity of pile; The signal of required air flow is sent to controller 6 by host computer 5, Mass Control flowmeter 7, the air mass flow needed for fine adjustment; Data collecting card 4 is in fuel cell whole service process, and the voltage of each monolithic battery in Real-time Collection pemfc stack 1, provides monitoring information to the protective device of system.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method, is characterized in that, this water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method comprises the following steps:
Step one, during the work of water-cooling type fuel cell system, regulates a certain current value I that electronic load allows to pile
1, adjustment excess air factor is λ
1, record each monolithic battery magnitude of voltage, host computer calculates the monolithic battery voltage data of each moment collection, the harmonious C of calculating voltage
v;
Step 2, keeps electric current I
1constant, regulate air excess coefficient lambda m time altogether, record the C obtained each time
vm, each group C will be obtained obtaining
vcarry out curve fitting with the relation of λ, obtain relation curve C
v=f (λ);
Step 3, regulates pile output current n time in pile output current allowed band, repeats aforesaid operations process steps one and step 2, obtains output current I
nc under condition
vwith the relation curve C of λ
v=f
n(λ);
Step 4, utilizes the C that smoothed curve is corresponding to the different current values obtained
vwith the minimum point C in the relation curve of λ
v, minthe discrete point formed with corresponding λ value carries out curve fitting, and obtains C
vrelation curve λ=the g (I) of the pile output current value I under minimal condition and air excess coefficient lambda;
Step 5, using curve λ=g (I) of obtaining as water-cooled PEMFC cathode side excess air factor control strategy foundation, the excess air factor that host computer is corresponding according to target current value calculates the air mass flow of actual needs, then flow signal is issued to controller, dynamic adjustments air mass flow, realizes the direct control to water-cooled PEMFC monolithic battery electric voltage equalization.
2. water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells PEMFC electric voltage equalization is defined as: under a certain output condition, the departure degree between each monolithic battery voltage of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and average voltage, i.e. C
v,
Wherein Vi is monolithic battery voltage, and i is battery sequence number number,
for monolithic battery average voltage.
3. water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the set point of pemfc stack cathode side air excess coefficient lambda will meet the allowed band in pile parameter.
4. water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the setting of pemfc stack output current will be not more than the maximum output current value of pile permission.
5. the control method of a water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the control method water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor control system of this water-cooled PEMFC excess air factor, comprising: pemfc stack, electronic load, current sensor, data collecting card, host computer, controller, mass flowmenter;
Mass flowmenter, connects pemfc stack, for regulating the air mass flow needed for pemfc stack;
Current sensor, for experiencing pemfc stack current information, and can become detecting the information conversion experienced the signal of telecommunication and export electronic load and data collecting card to;
Electronic load, is connected with current sensor, for regulating the output current value of pemfc stack;
Data collecting card, is connected with pemfc stack and current sensor, for by the current value of Real-time Collection through A D conversion send into host computer;
Host computer, be connected with data collecting card, receive the current value of data collecting card conversion, need the air mass flow value of consumption for calculating pile output current in real time and be multiplied with optimal excess air coefficient λ under phase induced current, determining that actual needs sends into the air capacity of pile;
Controller, is connected with host computer, for receiving the air flow rate signal of host computer, and Mass Control flowmeter, the air mass flow needed for adjustment.
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| CN201410854355.7A CN104466213B (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | Water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112397747A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-23 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Air supply control method for fuel cell engine, vehicle, and storage medium |
| CN114784324A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell system control method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| CN104466213B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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Inventor after: Chen Weirong Inventor after: Li Yankun Inventor after: Liu Zhixiang Inventor after: Zhao Xingqiang Inventor after: Li Qi Inventor after: Dai Chaohua Inventor after: Zhang Xuexia Inventor after: Li Yan Inventor after: You Zhiyu Inventor before: Chen Weirong Inventor before: Li Yankun Inventor before: Liu Zhixiang Inventor before: Zhao Xingqiang Inventor before: Li Qi Inventor before: Dai Chaohua Inventor before: Zhang Xuexia Inventor before: Li Yan Inventor before: You Zhiyu |
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Effective date of registration: 20180823 Address after: 610031 Nan yuan 10101, 111 north section, two ring road, Chengdu, Sichuan. Co-patentee after: CHENGDU GUOJIA ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CO., LTD. Patentee after: Chen Weirong Address before: 610031 science and technology office, Southwest Jiao Tong University, 111 north section, two ring road, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee before: Southwest Jiaotong University |
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Effective date of registration: 20190808 Address after: 610000 1-2 Floor, 6A Block, 200 Tianfu Five Street, Chengdu High-tech Zone, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Sichuan Rongxinneng Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 610031 South Park 10101, 111 North Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Co-patentee before: CHENGDU GUOJIA ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CO., LTD. Patentee before: Chen Weirong |
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Effective date of registration: 20191125 Address after: 610000 No.618, Junyue Road, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Sichuan Rong innovation power system Co., Ltd. Address before: 610000 1-2 Floor, 6A Block, 200 Tianfu Five Street, Chengdu High-tech Zone, Sichuan Province Patentee before: Sichuan Rongxinneng Technology Co., Ltd. |
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