CN103727074B - Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method - Google Patents

Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103727074B
CN103727074B CN201310671985.6A CN201310671985A CN103727074B CN 103727074 B CN103727074 B CN 103727074B CN 201310671985 A CN201310671985 A CN 201310671985A CN 103727074 B CN103727074 B CN 103727074B
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air compressor
module
control
power
pass valve
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CN103727074A (en
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赵兴强
陈维荣
刘志祥
李奇
郭爱
戴朝华
张雪霞
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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CHENGDU RUIDINGTE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method, comprising: power current acquisition module, control object select module, air compressor control unit module and by-pass valve control module; Power current acquisition module record current fuel cell power selects module to control object, and electric current is to air compressor control module and by-pass valve control module; Control object selects module to export the selection signal of control object according to the power collected and setting themselves power limit; Air compressor control module, under fuel cell high power conditions, controls air compressor in normal operation, controls the flow of fuel cell inlet according to the peroxide ratio of setting; By-pass valve control module, under fuel cell low power condition, controls " aperture " of by-pass valve and ensures that the peroxide that the inlet flow rate of fuel cell meets setting compares coefficient.Of the present invention under not needing too much to increase new manufacturing equipment or change technological process, by means of only increase bypath system, prevent the surge of air compressor in Furl cell engine system.

Description

Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method
Technical field
The present invention relates to air compressor surge method when one prevents Furl cell engine low power run, belong to field of fuel cell technology.
Background technique
Fuel cell is a kind of fuel supplied outside becomes electric energy continuous generating device with the converts chemical energy in oxygenant.Due to fuel battery power density and energy density high, clean and effective, power range is broad, all has a wide range of applications, be therefore subject to the extensive attention of countries in the world in every field such as micro power, portable power source, vehicular engine, stationary electric power plants.The U.S., Japan, Canada, European Countries are all at active development fuel cell technology, and nearly all large automobile making commercial city is at development of fuel cells electric vehicle in the world at present, and China also develops a Furl cell engine of informing against.But because the surging phenomenon of the air compressor on fuel locomotive, result in Furl cell engine unavoidably causes air compressor surge when low-power exports.
Chinese patent [CN101303030A] although Surge Prevention System effectively can ensure that air compressor is operated in non-surge region, it, just for single air compressor system, is but not suitable for for Furl cell engine whole system.The databook of fuel cell locomotive can be found out if do not adopt any measure, fuel cell operation point is under low power conditions in the surge region of air compressor, namely the direction studied is not that the single air compressor that how to prevent falls surge area, but how both to have ensured that air compressor was operated in non-surge area, Furl cell engine can be made again to work under low power conditions.
Canadian bar rad energy system company proposes the scheme of setting up bypass at air compressor, running under low power conditions when Furl cell engine is that air compressor continues to operate in normal region and now excessive air enters into air compressor ingress by bypass reflux.When although the method ensures Furl cell engine low power run, air compressor always works in the problem of normal region, but switch single in bypass can only ensure that the air mass flow that air compressor exports enters in fuel cell with fixing ratio, cannot regulate, under fuel cell may be made cannot to be operated in the condition of best peroxide ratio the peroxide ratio of fuel cell.
For the deficiency of switch single in above-mentioned bypass, can set up the scheme of many bypath systems, arrange the bypass of n bar, by the opening and closing of a control n by-pass switch, be that bypass has 2 nplant flow value, thus regulate the both air flow modulation peroxide ratio entering fuel cell.Simultaneously can well solve air compressor bypass containing the digital pressure/flow regulating electromechanical equipment of the valve body of n fluid passage in Chinese patent [CN1397857A] can not the problem of fuel metering battery peroxide ratio.Which method is adopted to be all the valve needing control n, so by " many bypasses " system acute pyogenic infection of finger tip bypath system in content below, represent with " aperture " " number " opened of valve in bypath system.
Because current all needs to realize when increasing new manufacturing equipment or change technological process for single surge resistance of air compressor system, there is system complexity, realize complicated, the shortcomings such as operating cost is high and single surge resistance of air compressor system when Furl cell engine whole system low-power for whole Furl cell engine system cisco unity malfunction.Also the hierarchy of control of complete set is not being had when low-power for the surge resistance of air compressor system in Furl cell engine system.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is mainly overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of embodiment simply, not need too much to increase new manufacturing equipment or changes technological process, reliability is high, operating cost the is low method preventing the surge of air compressor in Furl cell engine system.
In order to achieve the above object, of the present inventionly be achieved in that Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method, comprise fuel battery power current acquisition module, control object selects module, air compressor control unit module and by-pass valve control module; Fuel battery power current acquisition module record current fuel cell power selects module to control object, and electric current is to air compressor control module and by-pass valve control module; Described control object selects module to export the selection signal of control object according to the power collected and setting themselves power limit: when selecting air compressor as major control object, exports the control signal to air compressor by the function relation unit in control module, deviation arithmetic element and PID control unit; When bypath system is as major control object, exported the control signal of by-pass valve by the function relation unit in control module, deviation arithmetic element, PID control unit and D/A conversion unit.
The output power situation of power, current acquisition module record current fuel cell.
Control object selects module, the output power that fuel cell locomotive is current, and determining needs the main object controlled to be air compressor or by-pass valve.
Air compressor control module, the revolution controlling air compressor makes air compressor always work in non-surge region.
By-pass valve control module, controls the peroxide ratio of by-pass valve aperture fuel metering battery.
Current output power or the electric current of collecting mainly is selected module and air compressor control module or by-pass valve control module to control object by above-mentioned power, current acquisition module respectively.
Control object selects module primarily of power setting unit and comparing unit composition, can arrange air compressor and be operated in non-surge region.The minimal power values that fuel battery energy provides, is the current performance number contrast collected, exports major control object and select signal.Power setting unit is mainly used for being arranged on air compressor and is operated in non-surge region, and the minimal power values that fuel battery energy provides, can be arranged according to the technical manual of locomotive.The current fuel cell performance number collected mainly compares with the minimal power values of setting by comparing unit, provides the main object of control according to the result compared, and when current fuel cell performance number is greater than minimal power values, major control object is air compressor; When current fuel cell performance number is less than minimal power values, major control object is by-pass valve.
Air compressor control module is formed primarily of a function relation converting unit, deviation arithmetic element and PID control unit, during the work of air compressor control module, by the peroxide ratio of setting, flow is calculated through function relation unit, as the reference flow of PID control unit, calculating the reference flow of setting and the deviation of actual flow by deviation arithmetic element, inputing to the control signal that PID control unit exports air compressor, controlling air compressor and be operated in normal operation region.Function relation between control function relation electric current, air mass flow, peroxide ratio, by the peroxide of current fuel cell output current and setting than being converted into corresponding discharge relation, as the reference flow of PID control unit.Deviation arithmetic element is then the input of deviation as PID control unit that the grass calculating setting examines flow and actual flow.PID control unit mainly controls air compressor makes fuel cell provide air according to the peroxide of setting than to fuel cell when high power, does not consider the control to peroxide ratio when low-power with the flow delivery air of setting.
By-pass valve control module, form primarily of a function relation converting unit, deviation arithmetic element, PID control unit and a D/A conversion unit, during the work of by-pass valve control module, by the peroxide ratio of setting, flow is calculated through function relation unit, as the reference flow of PID control unit, the reference flow of setting and the deviation of actual flow is being calculated by deviation arithmetic element, input to PID control unit, export the control signal of by-pass valve through AD conversion unit, control the air mass flow entering fuel cell.Converting unit, deviation arithmetic element and the converting unit in air compressor control module, deviation arithmetic element are identical, PID control unit major function is the opening and closing signal exporting by-pass valve, adopt n bar bypath system or adopt the digital pressure/flow regulating electromechanical equipment of the valve body containing n fluid passage in patent [CN1397857A] all to need an action n valve, so AD conversion unit is exactly the Output rusults of PID control unit is converted to n position digital signal control n valve.
Compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the controlling method of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor and system, when exceeding increase manufacturing equipment and do not change technological process, by means of only setting up " many bypasses " system, " aperture " of control valve, fuel cell can be made normally to work under low power conditions, air compressor can be made again to drop into surge area, prevent air compressor surge.Thus increase work efficiency, and the system architecture of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor is simple, reliability is high, operating cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for a kind of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a kind of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor system that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of a kind of fuel cell surge resistance of air compressor system that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
For making the present invention easier to understand, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated, but the embodiment in accompanying drawing does not form any limitation of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, embodiments provide a kind of Furl cell engine surge resistance of air compressor method, comprise the steps:
The current fuel cell power collected is selected module to control object by power, current acquisition module, and electric current is to air compressor control module and by-pass valve control module.
Arranging air compressor is operated in non-surge region, the minimum power that fuel battery energy provides.Concrete minimal power values can obtain according to locomotive data handbook, also can be multiplied by a safety coefficient according to actual conditions.
The output power that control object selects module fuel cell locomotive current, determine main control object, judge whether current fuel cell output power is more than or equal to setting value, performing step [0027] if be more than or equal to, as being less than, performing step [0028];
The peroxide ratio of setting Furl cell engine system.
When fuel cell present output power is more than or equal to the minimum value of setting, bypass control module, by-pass valve Close All, bypath system does not work; Air compressor control module, the peroxide according to setting controls air compressor than by pid control module, makes it compare air feed according to setting peroxide.
When fuel cell present output power is less than the minimum value of setting, air compressor control module, controls air compressor and works with constant output flow (normal operation region); Bypass control module, controls bypath system valve " aperture " by PID control unit and D/A conversion unit, makes the air mass flow entered in fuel cell meet the peroxide ratio of setting.
Said method, by detecting fuel cell output power, determines that the air mass flow of fuel cell is still controlled by by-pass valve primarily of air compressor.By the function relation between electric current, peroxide ratio, flow, determine the air mass flow of fuel cell demand, controlling air compressor, bypath system by PID control unit, thus making Furl cell engine when low power run, air compressor always works in normal region.
As shown in Figure 2, the invention provides a kind of Furl cell engine surge resistance of air compressor system, comprise power, current acquisition module 210, control object selects module 220, air compressor control module 230 and by-pass valve control module 240.
Power, current acquisition module 210 are for the output power of Real-time Collection fuel cell and electric current.
Control object selects module 220 for judging the working condition of Furl cell engine, selects control object.The critical value of Rule of judgment is set simultaneously.Alternative condition is, when fuel cell present output power is more than or equal to the critical value of setting, carrys out the inlet air flow rate of fuel metering battery mainly through controlling air compressor; When fuel cell present output power is less than the critical value of setting, carry out the inlet air flow rate of fuel metering battery mainly through controlling by-pass valve.
Air compressor control module 230 mainly according to the signal of Object Selection module and the peroxide of setting than the control of information to air compressor, ensure that air compressor is operated in normal operation region and makes operation of fuel cells at setting peroxide than under condition.
By-pass valve control module 240 also main according to the signal of Object Selection module and the peroxide of setting than the control of information to " aperture " of by-pass valve, make operation of fuel cells setting peroxide than under condition for the control to bypath system.
Wherein, power, current acquisition module 210 comprise power collecting unit 211 and this collecting unit 212 of electric current.Information has been given control object respectively and has been selected module 220, air compressor control module 230 and by-pass valve control module 240.
Current performance number is the comparing unit 222 that transmission gives in control object selection module 220 by power collecting unit 211 as seen from Figure 3, and current current value transmission is given the function relation unit 231,241 in air compressor control module 230 and by-pass valve control module 240 by current acquisition unit 212.
Control object selects module 220 to comprise power setting unit 221 and comparing unit 222.Power setting unit 221 arranges the critical value that module judges, if comparing unit master 222 judges the running state of current system, exports follow-up control signal.
By power setting unit 221 before system cloud gray model, first air compressor is set when normally working, the minimal power values that fuel cell can normally work.The performance number of setting and the current power value collected by power collecting unit 211 are inputed to comparing unit 222.Comparing unit 222 processes rear Output rusults: " 1 " represents that current power value is more than or equal to setting value (locomotive work is at high power state); " 0 " represents that current power value is less than setting value (locomotive work is at low power state).As shown in Figure 3, then result is inputed to the function relation unit 231,241 in air compressor control module 230 and by-pass valve control module 240.
Air compressor control module 230 mainly comprises function relation unit 231, deviation arithmetic element 232 and PID control unit 233.Function relation unit 231 mainly calculates the air mass flow value of fuel cell demand than coefficient 273 according to the peroxide of the current current value that collects and setting.The deviation of deviation arithmetic element 232 mainly between computing reference flow and actual flow.PID control unit 233 is by algorithm to the control signal calculating air compressor, controls air compressor.
By-pass valve control module 240 mainly comprises function relation unit 241, deviation arithmetic element 242, PID control unit 243 and AD conversion unit 244.Function relation unit 241 mainly calculates the air mass flow value of fuel cell demand than coefficient 373 according to the peroxide of the current current value that collects and setting.The deviation of deviation arithmetic element 242 mainly between computing reference flow and actual flow.PID control unit 243 is to the control signal calculating by-pass valve system by algorithm.AD conversion unit 244 is that the control signal that pid control module 243 obtains is converted to digital quantity, and each of digital quantity controls the valve of corresponding correspondence.
When the signal received in control object selection module 220 in comparing unit 222 of the function relation unit 231 in air compressor control module 230 is " 1 ", now air compressor can be operated in normal working zone, the numerical value of the result of calculation of function relation unit 231 and flow collection unit 271 is sent into deviation arithmetic element 232, calculate in the flow of the peroxide set than coefficient 373 correspondence and the deviation of actual flow, then bias contribution is delivered to PID control unit 233, air compressor is controlled by algorithm, air compressor can be worked in normal working zone again, again can time keep set peroxide compare air feed.
When the result that by-pass valve control module 240 receives comparing unit 222 is simultaneously " 1 ", function relation unit 241 now in by-pass valve control module, deviation arithmetic element 242, PID control unit 243 do not work, just send into a constant 0 to AD conversion unit 244, allow it export and control by-pass valve Close All.The main air compressor control module 230 of such air mass flow controls.
When function relation unit 240 signal received in comparing unit 222 in air compressor control module 230 is " 0 ", the now effect of air compressor control module 230 is that requirement is not done to flow control in the working zone that control air compressor remains on, so now function relation unit 231 does not carry out computing is the air mass flow value (can then ensure that air compressor is operated in normal region, can obtain according to the system handbook of locomotive or laboratory data) that output one sets in advance.Deviation arithmetic element 232 receives the data of air mass flow value and flow collection unit 271, calculate the deviation at the peroxide of the setting flow more corresponding than coefficient and actual flow, then bias contribution is delivered to PID control unit 233, control air compressor by algorithm, make air compressor can be operated in normal working zone under the flow of setting.
Accordingly, the signal that now by-pass valve control module 231 receives from comparing unit 222 is " 0 ", and the inlet flow rate of fuel cell controls primarily of by-pass valve.First the function relation unit 241 in by-pass valve control module 240 receives the peroxide ratio of setting with from current acquisition unit 212 the air mass flow value that electric current is converted into correspondence, then with the actual flow value transmission deviation arithmetic element 242 in flow collection unit 272, the deviate obtained enters PID control unit 243, obtained by algorithm " aperture " of by-pass valve, at the digital quantity of the correspondence obtained by AD conversion unit 244, go to control each valve.Make ingress air unnecessary for air compressor being got back to air compressor by bypath system like this, ensure that fuel battery air side entrance flow is more corresponding than coefficient with the peroxide of setting.
As can be seen from native system, when Furl cell engine is operated in high power, air compressor can not fall into surge area, and fuel battery air side entrance flow controls primarily of air compressor, when Furl cell engine is operated in low-power, fuel battery air side entrance flow mainly has by-pass valve to control.Furl cell engine surge resistance of air compressor system of the present invention, structure is simple, reliability is high, surge resistance of air compressor when conveniently can realize fuel cell low-power operation and the control of fuel battery air flow, enhances the stability of whole locomotive air system; And the technology and equipment not needing increase new, operating cost are low.

Claims (4)

1. Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method, is characterized in that: comprise fuel battery power current acquisition module, control object selects module, air compressor control module and by-pass valve control module; Fuel battery power current acquisition module record current fuel cell power selects module to control object, and electric current is to air compressor control module and by-pass valve control module; Described control object selects module to export the selection signal of control object according to the power collected and setting themselves power limit: when selecting air compressor as major control object, exports the control signal to air compressor by the function relation unit in air compressor control module, deviation arithmetic element and PID control unit; When bypath system is as major control object, exported the control signal of by-pass valve by the function relation unit in by-pass valve control module, deviation arithmetic element, PID control unit and D/A conversion unit.
2. Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control object selects module, can arrange air compressor is operated in non-surge region, the minimal power values that fuel battery energy provides, contrast with the current performance number collected again, export major control Object Selection signal.
3. Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when described air compressor control module works, by the peroxide ratio of setting, flow is calculated through function relation unit, as the reference flow of PID control unit, calculate the reference flow of setting and the deviation of actual flow by deviation arithmetic element again, input to the control signal that PID control unit exports air compressor, control air compressor and be operated in normal operation region.
4. Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when described by-pass valve control module works, by the peroxide ratio of setting, flow is calculated through function relation unit, as the reference flow of PID control unit, the reference flow of setting and the deviation of actual flow is calculated again by deviation arithmetic element, input to PID control unit, export the control signal of by-pass valve again through AD conversion unit, control the air mass flow entering fuel cell.
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