CN103709114B - 一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物、制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN103709114B
CN103709114B CN201410013092.7A CN201410013092A CN103709114B CN 103709114 B CN103709114 B CN 103709114B CN 201410013092 A CN201410013092 A CN 201410013092A CN 103709114 B CN103709114 B CN 103709114B
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白静
史子兴
印杰
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Abstract

本发明属于化学材料制备技术领域,具体为一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物、制备方法及其应用。本发明中合成含双键结构的小分子苯并噁嗪,并利用巯基-烯点击反应,在多巯基有机分子参与下,利用聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯中丁二烯部分的孤立双键,将苯并噁嗪分子接枝到聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯分子链上,再利用苯并噁嗪加热开环聚合的特点,对聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯复合体系进行二次交联,达到改性聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯的目的。本发明中含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物的制备方法简单,原料易得,成本较低。在多巯基有机分子存在的条件下,将其应用于制备聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯和苯并噁嗪复合材料,得到的复合材料具有优良力学性能。

Description

一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物、制备方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于化学材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
聚苯并噁嗪树脂是一种新型酚醛树脂,固化完全后,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)在150℃以上;具有优异的耐热性和阻燃性,与传统酚醛树脂相比,克服了在成形固化过程中释放小分子的缺点,在制备高性能材料方面已引起了广泛关注,并已在工业上有所应用。但在对这类新型热固性树脂的研究中发现,对于单官能度的苯并噁嗪,其在开环聚合时由于存在链转移反应,使得聚合物的分子量低,对其应用范围有了很大限制;而双官能度(如双酚A型)的苯并噁嗪,虽然有些可用作高性能材料,但由于其分子结构特点,致使有部分的苯并噁嗪聚合物存在交联密度低、韧性较差和材料较脆,易断裂等缺点。
聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯是一种应用较为广泛的热塑性弹性体,其是以苯乙烯、丁二烯为单体的三嵌段共聚物,由于PB相的物理交联,它同时具有塑料和橡胶的特性,被称为“第三代合成橡胶”。它可以和水、弱酸和碱等接触,不会被损害。同时该材料具有拉伸强度优良,表面摩擦系数大,低温性能好,电性能优良和加工性能好等特点,是目前消费量最大的热塑性弹性体。但是由于它的分子中存在孤立双键,因此还存在易老化等缺点,且强度仍有待提高。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物、制备方法及其应用,其通过巯基-烯点击反应,在多巯基化合物参与反应的条件下,将其引入到聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯中,得到的复合材料,具有优良力学性能,且回弹性较好。
本发明提供的一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物,具有以下通式,
其中:R为任意的烷基、环烷基、芳香基、硅烷基或烷氧基;或者为以上基团的C1-C20烷基、羟基或卤素(F、Cl、Br、I)取代物的组合。
本发明还提供一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
将2-烯丙基苯酚、氨基化合物和甲醛溶解在有机溶剂中,在惰性气体保护下60-180℃反应5-40h,反应产物去除有机溶剂后,碱洗、水洗,得到含有双键的苯并噁嗪化合物,其中2-烯丙基苯酚、氨基化合物和甲醛的摩尔比为1:(1.9-2.1):(3.95-4.05)。
上述氨基化合物的分子式用RNH2表示,其中R为任意的烷基、环烷基、芳香基、硅烷基或者烷氧基;或者为含以上基团的C1-C20烷基、羟基或卤素(F、Cl、Br、I)取代物的组合。
上述有机溶剂为醇类、氯仿、N-甲基-吡咯烷酮、1,4-二氧六环、N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、N,N’-二甲基乙酰胺、二氯甲烷、甲苯或二甲苯中的任一种。
本发明制备含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物的反应方程式如下所示:
本发明所得的苯并噁嗪化合物分子上同时含有双键结构,可用于紫外光诱导巯基-烯点击反应进行化学交联,同时长链烷氧基的引入,使得其与许多溶剂和单体有很好的相容性,而且迁移率低,毒性小,环境兼容性好。
本发明中,苯并噁嗪化合物与聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯相容性较好;由于双键结构存在,其可以在紫外光光照条件下,在光引发剂的作用下,与多巯基化合物发生点击反应。再利用分子上剩余巯基与聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯进行接枝,这样制得光交联且含有苯并噁嗪结构的聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯复合材料。由于苯并噁嗪结构在高温下可以开环,因此可对所获得的材料进行二次交联,使力学性能得到进一步提高。因此本发明还提供一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物于制备聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯和苯并噁嗪复合材料方面的应用。
应用方法具体如下:将含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物首先与多巯基化合物,在紫外光照条件下,进行巯基-烯点击反应,控制巯基与双键的数量,部分巯基与含双键苯并噁嗪反应,部分剩余。其中巯基与双键的摩尔比为n:(n-1),其中n取大于1的整数;再将制得的含有巯基的苯并噁嗪化合物与聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯溶解在溶剂中,在紫外光下成膜,并将膜置于100-200℃温度下进行热处理;得到聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯和苯并噁嗪复合材料,其中含有苯并噁嗪的巯基化合物质量分数为0.02-10%。
上述应用方法中,所述光引发剂为自由基光引发剂或者阳离子型光引发剂。
上述应用方法中,所述自由基光引发剂为安息香醚类、二烷氧基苯乙酮、占吨酮、含硫醚二苯甲酮类、硫杂蒽酮、蒽醌和二苯甲酮及其衍生物中的一种或几种的组合;所述阳离子型光引发剂为二芳基碘化物、三芳基硫化物、二芳基碘鎓铜盐或二茂铁盐中任一种。
上述应用方法中,所使用的溶剂为醇类、四氢呋喃、氯仿、1,4-二氧六环、二甲基亚砜、N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N’-二甲基乙酰胺或N-甲基-吡咯烷酮中任一种。
上述制备过程利用苯并噁嗪分子上的双键结构先与多巯基化合物反应,使分子上同时具有巯基和苯并噁嗪,在将这类分子与聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯中的丁二烯部分中的孤立双键进行点击反应的同时,再将苯并噁嗪小分子接枝到聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯分子链上,之后再进行高温处理,利用苯并噁嗪加热开环聚合的特点,形成线性聚合物,在复合材料体系中形成双网络结构。
本发明的有益效果在于:具有双键的苯并噁嗪化合物的制备方法简单,原料易得、成本较低。进一步将其应用于制备得到的复合材料,具有良好的力学性能。
附图说明
图1是实施例1得到的含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物的核磁氢谱。
图2是实施例2含巯基的的苯并噁嗪化合物的核磁氢谱。
图3是实施例1,2中的两种有机分子的红外谱图。
图4是实施例3中的各种比例材料的应力-应变曲线图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步描述。以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
2.683g(0.02mol)2-丙烯基苯酚、3.707g(0.02mol)十二胺和1.2g(含有0.04mol醛基)多聚甲醛以1,4-二氧六环为溶剂,在氮气保护下回流5h。反应结束后,产物旋蒸除去溶剂,碱洗水洗,得到目标产物。
1H NMR(δ,ppm,DMSO-d6):δ=4.9-5.0(1H,C=C),5.9-6.0(1H,C=C),4.6-4.8(2H,N-CH2-O),3.9-4.1(2H,N-CH2-ph),0.9-1.1(3H,-CH3),1.2-1.7(20H,-CH2)6.5-8(3H苯环)。
IR(KBr压片,cm-1):1466,1220(C-O-C噁嗪环),1645(C=C),921(噁嗪环)实施例2
将0.687g(0.002mol)实施例1中产物与0.4886g(0.001mol)四(3-巯基丙酸)季戊四醇酯以及10mg光引发剂(二苯甲酮)溶解在氯仿中,搅拌均匀后光照2-24小时,得到分子内含有两个巯基和两个苯并噁嗪环的小分子。产物旋蒸除去溶剂。
1H NMR(δ,ppm,DMSO-d6):4.6-4.8(2H,N-CH2-O),3.9-4.1(2H,N-CH2-ph),0.9-1.1(3H,-CH3),1.2-1.7(20H,-CH2),6.5-8(3H苯环),2.5-3(20H,-CH2-)。
IR(KBr压片,cm-1):1466,1220(C-O-C噁嗪环),1745(C=C),921(噁嗪环),2480(SH)
实施例3
将实施例2所得产物与SBS溶解在四氢呋喃中,搅拌均匀后,在光照条件下流延成膜。成膜之后,高温(100-200℃)处理,得到复合材料。图3是实施例2的各种比例(苯并噁嗪质量分数为0.5%,1%,1.5%,2%,2.5%)的材料的应力-应变曲线图。
表1为各种比例材料拉伸测试中的断裂伸长率和断裂强度。
表1

Claims (5)

1.一种含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物于制备聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯和苯并噁嗪复合材料方面的应用,其特征在于,应用方法如下:将含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物首先与多巯基化合物,在紫外光照条件下、在光引发剂作用下进行巯烯点击反应,控制巯基与双键的中巯基与双键的摩尔比为n:(n-1),其中n取大于1的整数;此时部分巯基与含双键苯并噁嗪反应,部分剩余;再将制得的含有巯基的苯并噁嗪化合物与聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯溶解在溶剂中,在紫外光下成膜,再将膜置于100-200℃温度下进行热处理;得到聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯和苯并噁嗪复合材料,其中含有巯基的苯并噁嗪化合物质量分数为0.02-10%;其中:所述含双键的苯并噁嗪化合物具有以下结构通式:
其中:R为任意的烷基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:所述光引发剂为自由基光引发剂或者阳离子型光引发剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于:所述自由基光引发剂为安息香醚类、二烷氧基苯乙酮、占吨酮、含硫醚二苯甲酮类、硫杂蒽酮、蒽醌和二苯甲酮及其衍生物中的一种或几种的组合;所述阳离子型光引发剂为二芳基碘化物、三芳基硫化物、二芳基碘鎓铜盐或二茂铁盐中任一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于所述溶剂为醇类、四氢呋喃、氯仿、二氯甲烷、1,4-二氧六环、二甲基亚砜、N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N’-二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基-吡咯烷酮、甲苯或二甲苯中的任一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:所选的多巯基化合物中含巯基数为3个或4个以上。
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