CN103696429B - A kind of concrete of special-shaped foundation ditch supports the combined support system and the construction method that add fish belly sill - Google Patents
A kind of concrete of special-shaped foundation ditch supports the combined support system and the construction method that add fish belly sill Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系,包括砼支撑和拼装式鱼腹梁、型钢对撑、角撑及中间立柱;其中,基坑第一、三道支撑采用砼支撑,第二、四道支撑采用鱼腹梁支撑;砼支撑加鱼腹梁支撑通过基坑内钢立柱竖向连接,形成空间体系。一种异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系的施工方法,基坑围护和立柱桩完成后,施工第一道砼支撑、车道板及栈桥板;待强度达到要求后,向下开挖基坑至第二道支撑即鱼腹梁支撑的位置,依次安装牛腿、托架、围檩、角撑、鱼腹梁,最后安装对撑。本发明的优点:确保了基坑的安全、快速施工。能提供较大的作业空间,支撑安装、拆除施工速度快,有利于基坑变形控制。
A combined support system of concrete supports and fish-belly beams for special-shaped foundation pits, including concrete supports and assembled fish-belly beams, section steel braces, corner braces and middle columns; wherein, the first and third supports of the foundation pit are made of concrete supports , the second and fourth supports are supported by fish-belly beams; the concrete supports and fish-belly beam supports are connected vertically through steel columns in the foundation pit to form a space system. A construction method for the combined support system of concrete support and fish-bellied beams for special-shaped foundation pits. After the foundation pit enclosure and column piles are completed, the first concrete support, driveway slab and trestle slab are constructed; Excavate the foundation pit down to the position of the second support, that is, the fish-belly beam support, install corbels, brackets, purlins, angle braces, fish-belly beams in sequence, and finally install the counter braces. The invention has the advantages of ensuring the safe and fast construction of the foundation pit. It can provide a large working space, support installation and dismantling construction speed is fast, and is conducive to the deformation control of foundation pit.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及基坑工程类施工工艺,特别涉及了一种异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系及施工方法。 The invention relates to a foundation pit engineering construction technology, in particular to a combined support system and a construction method of a concrete support and a fish-belly beam for a special-shaped foundation pit.
背景技术 Background technique
随着地下空间的不断开发利用,土建工程不断往纵深方向发展,出现了大量深基坑工程。在基坑工程中,支撑体系对基坑稳定、施工工期和工程造价有着极为重要的作用。目前的基坑支撑主要包括砼支撑和钢支撑两类,在形状规则基坑中一般采用钢管支撑,在异形基坑中由于受力体系复杂,一般采用砼支撑作为内支撑构件。但是,砼支撑存在施工、拆除速度慢,拆除噪音大,成本消耗大,且产生大量建筑垃圾。基于此,韩国工程技术人员发明了一种新型的预应力鱼腹梁支撑形式,并在基坑工程中得到了成功的应用。 With the continuous development and utilization of underground space, civil engineering continues to develop in depth, and a large number of deep foundation pit projects have emerged. In foundation pit engineering, the support system plays an extremely important role in the stability of the foundation pit, construction period and project cost. The current foundation pit support mainly includes concrete support and steel support. Steel pipe support is generally used in regular-shaped foundation pits, and concrete support is generally used as the inner support member in special-shaped foundation pits due to the complex force system. However, the concrete support has slow construction and demolition speeds, high dismantling noise, high cost consumption, and a large amount of construction waste. Based on this, South Korean engineers and technicians invented a new type of prestressed fish-belly beam support form, which has been successfully applied in foundation pit engineering.
通过对现有技术检索发现,现有专利对鱼腹梁支撑的结构和安装进行了说明,且主要针对于标准形式的基坑,未对异形基坑中的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系进行进一步的研究和阐述。 Through searching the existing technology, it is found that the existing patents explain the structure and installation of the fish-belly beam support, and are mainly aimed at the foundation pit of the standard form, and do not support the combined support of the concrete support and the fish-belly beam in the special-shaped foundation pit system for further research and elaboration.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是解决异形基坑的施工速度和安全问题,特提供了一种异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系及施工方法。 The purpose of the invention is to solve the construction speed and safety problems of special-shaped foundation pits, and specifically provides a combined support system and construction method of concrete supports and fish-belly beams for special-shaped foundation pits.
本发明提供了一种异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系,其特征在于:所述的异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系,包 括砼支撑和拼装式鱼腹梁、型钢对撑、角撑及中间立柱;其中,基坑第一、三道支撑采用砼支撑,第二、四道支撑采用鱼腹梁支撑;砼支撑加鱼腹梁支撑通过基坑内钢立柱竖向连接,形成空间体系; The invention provides a combined support system of concrete supports and fish-belly beams for special-shaped foundation pits, which is characterized in that: the combined support system of concrete supports for special-shaped foundation pits and fish-belly beams includes concrete supports and assembled Fish-belly beams, section steel braces, corner braces and intermediate columns; among them, the first and third supports of the foundation pit are supported by concrete supports, and the second and fourth supports are supported by fish-belly beams; the concrete supports and fish-belly beams are supported through the foundation pit Steel columns are connected vertically to form a space system;
所述的第一道砼支撑包括砼支撑、栈桥板及车道板,在满足支撑作用的同时能够提供施工设备的站位和行走,扩大施工作业面; The first concrete support includes concrete support, trestle slab and driveway slab, which can provide the standing and walking of construction equipment while satisfying the support function, and expand the construction work area;
所述的第二道鱼腹梁支撑包括鱼腹梁、对撑、角撑、双拼钢围檩和传力件,对撑,鱼腹梁和角撑在基坑内形成数个封闭的体系,通过钢围檩和传力件将预应力传递至围护结构,各结构件之间采用高强螺栓连接;所述的第三道支撑为砼支撑;所述的第四道鱼腹梁为双拼结构,其他同第二道鱼腹梁结构。 The second fish-belly beam support includes fish-belly beams, opposite braces, angle braces, double-assembled steel purlins and force transmission parts, and the opposite braces, fish-belly beams and angle braces form several closed systems in the foundation pit. The prestress is transmitted to the enclosure structure through steel purlins and force transmission parts, and high-strength bolts are used to connect the structural parts; the third support is a concrete support; the fourth fish-belly beam is a double structure, Others are the same as the second fish-belly beam structure.
一种异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系的施工方法,其特征在于:基坑围护和立柱桩完成后,施工第一道砼支撑、车道板及栈桥板;待强度达到要求后,向下开挖基坑至第二道支撑即鱼腹梁支撑的位置,依次安装牛腿、托架、围檩、角撑、鱼腹梁,最后安装对撑;待一个区域体系封闭后,对连接螺栓进行校正紧固,安装千斤顶、钢绞线,最后施加预应力,形成封闭体系,与上道砼支撑共同承受外部荷载;之后进行土方开挖至下道支撑位置,依次进行上述操作;待结构回筑阶段,由下至上一次拆除鱼腹梁和砼支撑。 A construction method for a combined support system of concrete supports and fish-belly beams for special-shaped foundation pits, which is characterized in that: after the foundation pit enclosure and column piles are completed, the first concrete support, driveway slab and trestle slab are constructed; After the requirement, excavate the foundation pit downward to the position of the second support, that is, the support of fish-belly beams, install corbels, brackets, purlins, angle braces, fish-belly beams in sequence, and finally install counter braces; Finally, correct and fasten the connecting bolts, install jacks and steel strands, and finally apply prestress to form a closed system, which bears external loads together with the upper concrete support; then carry out earthwork excavation to the lower support position, and carry out the above steps in sequence Operation: When the structure is back to construction stage, fish-belly beams and concrete supports shall be removed from bottom to top.
具体施工步骤为: The specific construction steps are:
步骤一:钢立柱施工;钢立柱包括格构柱和型钢立柱两种;格构柱采用灌注桩上部插入角钢和缀板焊接的格构柱施工;型钢立柱采用高压旋喷桩插型钢法施工; Step 1: Steel column construction; steel columns include lattice columns and section steel columns; lattice columns are constructed by inserting angle steel on the upper part of cast-in-place piles and welding lattice columns with decorative plates; section steel columns are constructed by high-pressure jet spray pile insertion section steel method;
步骤二:第一道砼支撑、栈桥板及车道板施工;在施工区域施工垫层,绑扎钢筋,浇筑砼;格构柱顶部插入砼支撑钢筋内部,形成整体; Step 2: Construction of the first concrete support, trestle slab and driveway slab; construction of a cushion layer in the construction area, binding of steel bars, and pouring of concrete; the top of the lattice column is inserted into the interior of the concrete support steel bar to form a whole;
步骤三:待步骤二中砼支撑、栈桥板及车道板达到施工强度后,进行第一层土方开挖;土方分区、分层、分块、限时开挖,先开挖中间区域,再施工开挖四周靠近围护结构土体; Step 3: After the concrete support, trestle slab and driveway slab reach the construction strength in step 2, excavate the first layer of earthwork; earthwork division, layering, division, time-limited excavation, first excavate the middle area, and then construction Digging around the soil near the enclosure structure;
步骤四:待步骤三中土方开挖至设计标高后,施工钢牛腿,架设围檩;围檩采用工字钢,其连接部位和搭接部位使用摩擦型高强螺栓紧固连接,逐段吊装安放于牛腿支架上;围檩体系务必确保双榀或多榀型钢构件形成整体、共同受力; Step 4: After the earth excavation in step 3 reaches the design elevation, construct steel corbels and erect purlins; the purlins are made of I-beams, and the connection parts and overlapping parts are fastened with friction-type high-strength bolts and hoisted section by section Placed on the corbel bracket; the purlin system must ensure that the double or multiple steel members form a whole and bear the force together;
步骤五:托座与支撑梁安装;托座件的安装需严格控制其水平标高和垂直度,立柱与托座连接螺栓的安装方向需要保持一致;安装后的托座件与型钢立柱桩紧固牢靠,摩擦型高强螺栓的扭矩需达到规定要求; Step 5: Install the bracket and the support beam; the installation of the bracket needs to strictly control its horizontal elevation and verticality, and the installation direction of the connecting bolts between the column and the bracket must be consistent; after the installation, the bracket is fastened to the steel column pile Reliable, the torque of friction-type high-strength bolts must meet the specified requirements;
步骤六:角撑安装;角撑在地面进行预拼接并检查支撑顺直度,检查合格后按部位进行整体吊装就位; Step 6: Angle brace installation; the corner brace is pre-spliced on the ground and the straightness of the support is checked. After the inspection is passed, the overall hoisting is carried out according to the position;
步骤七:鱼腹梁安装;鱼腹梁安装按照设计跨度在地面进行预拼,螺栓紧固需达到设计及规范要求;预拼完成后整体起吊,两端由人工牵引摆放在支撑牛腿上; Step 7: Fish-belly beam installation; the fish-belly beam installation is pre-assembled on the ground according to the design span, and the bolts must meet the design and specification requirements; after the pre-assembly is completed, it is lifted as a whole, and both ends are placed on the supporting corbels by manual traction ;
步骤八:对撑安装;对撑在地面进行预拼,严格控制支撑平面的平直度,就位时采用四点吊装;对撑连接空挡中必须使用相对应钢板垫紧贴密; Step 8: Install the braces; pre-assemble the braces on the ground, strictly control the straightness of the support plane, and use four-point hoisting when in place; the corresponding steel plate pads must be used to tightly connect the braces in the neutral position;
步骤九:传力件安装;传力件与围护的后置埋件及钢构等的焊接逐层累焊至填满坡口;传力件之间的空隙区域最后用细石混凝土一次性填实; Step 9: Install the force transmission parts; weld the force transmission parts and the rear embedded parts and steel structures of the enclosure layer by layer until the groove is filled; the gap area between the force transmission parts is finally filled with fine stone concrete at one time filling;
步骤十:预应力施加,鱼腹梁支撑形成;装配式支撑的各构件布置完毕后施加预应力按如下顺序进行:检查各部件螺栓的连接是否紧固,传力件与围护体系的连接状态;对撑加压;角撑加压;钢绞线加压;支撑的加压严格按设计轴力进行;钢绞线安装时要左右对称,且逐根进行; Step 10: Prestressing is applied, fish-belly beam support is formed; prestressing is applied in the following order after the components of the prefabricated support are arranged: check whether the bolts of each component are connected tightly, and the connection status of the force transmission parts and the enclosure system ; Pressurize the braces; pressurize the corner braces; pressurize the steel strands; pressurize the supports strictly according to the design axial force; the steel strands should be installed symmetrically and one by one;
步骤十一:重复下层土方开挖、支撑架设,形成立体支撑体系;待上述拼装支撑体系形成后,按设计开挖下层土方,依次施工砼支撑加鱼腹梁支撑,形成空间立体支撑体系。 Step 11: Repeat the excavation and support erection of the lower layer of earthwork to form a three-dimensional support system; after the above-mentioned assembled support system is formed, excavate the lower layer of earthwork according to the design, and construct the concrete support and fish-belly beam support in sequence to form a three-dimensional support system in space.
本发明的优点: Advantages of the present invention:
本发明所述的异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系及施工方法,将砼支撑与鱼腹梁支撑体系有机结合,充分发挥砼支撑强度高、刚度大和鱼腹梁支撑施工速度快的特点,确保了基坑的安全、快速施工。本支撑体系能提供较大的作业空间,支撑安装、拆除施工速度快,且能够在开挖过程中施加预应力,有利于基坑变形控制。同时,鱼腹梁支撑体系为组合构件,可回收重复利用,能有效降低工程成本,符合目前节能减排国家政策,有较好的推广应用空间。 The combined support system and construction method of the concrete support and the fish-belly beam of the special-shaped foundation pit according to the present invention organically combine the concrete support and the fish-belly beam support system, and give full play to the high strength and high rigidity of the concrete support and the construction speed of the fish-belly beam support The fast feature ensures the safe and fast construction of the foundation pit. The supporting system can provide a large working space, the installation and dismantling of the support is fast, and the prestress can be applied during the excavation process, which is beneficial to the deformation control of the foundation pit. At the same time, the fish-belly beam support system is a composite component, which can be recycled and reused, which can effectively reduce the project cost, conform to the current national policy of energy conservation and emission reduction, and have a good space for promotion and application.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图及实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明: Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
图1为砼支撑平面结构示意图; Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of concrete support plane structure;
图2为鱼腹梁支撑平面结构示意图; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the supporting plane structure of the fish-belly beam;
图3为组合支撑体系剖面图。 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the combined support system.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例1 Example 1
本实施例提供了一种异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系,其特征在于:所述的异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系,包括砼支撑和拼装式鱼腹梁、型钢对撑、角撑及中间立柱;其中,基坑第一、三道支撑采用砼支撑,第二、四道支撑采用鱼腹梁支撑;砼支撑加鱼腹梁支撑通过基坑内钢立柱竖向连接,形成空间体系; This embodiment provides a combined support system of concrete supports and fish-belly beams for special-shaped foundation pits, which is characterized in that: the combined support system of concrete supports for special-shaped foundation pits and fish-belly beams includes concrete supports and assembled Fish-belly beams, section steel braces, corner braces and intermediate columns; among them, the first and third supports of the foundation pit are supported by concrete supports, and the second and fourth supports are supported by fish-belly beams; the concrete supports and fish-belly beams are supported through the foundation pit Steel columns are connected vertically to form a space system;
所述的第一道砼支撑包括砼支撑、栈桥板及车道板,在满足支撑作用的同时能够提供施工设备的站位和行走,扩大施工作业面; The first concrete support includes concrete support, trestle slab and driveway slab, which can provide the standing and walking of construction equipment while satisfying the support function, and expand the construction work area;
所述的第二道鱼腹梁支撑包括鱼腹梁、对撑、角撑、双拼钢围檩和传力件,对撑,鱼腹梁和角撑在基坑内形成数个封闭的体系,通过钢围檩和传力件将预应力传递至围护结构,各结构件之间采用高强螺栓连接;所述的第三道支撑为砼支撑;所述的第四道鱼腹梁为双拼结构,其他同第二道鱼腹梁结构。 The second fish-belly beam support includes fish-belly beams, opposite braces, angle braces, double-assembled steel purlins and force transmission parts, and the opposite braces, fish-belly beams and angle braces form several closed systems in the foundation pit. The prestress is transmitted to the enclosure structure through steel purlins and force transmission parts, and high-strength bolts are used to connect the structural parts; the third support is a concrete support; the fourth fish-belly beam is a double structure, Others are the same as the second fish-belly beam structure.
一种异形基坑的砼支撑加鱼腹梁的组合支撑体系的施工方法,其特征在于:基坑围护和立柱桩完成后,施工第一道砼支撑、车道板及栈桥板;待强度达到要求后,向下开挖基坑至第二道支撑即鱼腹梁支撑的位置,依次安装牛腿、托架、围檩、角撑、鱼腹梁,最后安装对撑;待一个区域体系封闭后,对连接螺栓进行校正紧固,安装千斤顶、钢绞线,最后施加预应力,形成封闭体系,与上道砼支撑共同承受外 部荷载;之后进行土方开挖至下道支撑位置,依次进行上述操作;待结构回筑阶段,由下至上一次拆除鱼腹梁和砼支撑。 A construction method for a combined support system of concrete supports and fish-belly beams for special-shaped foundation pits, which is characterized in that: after the foundation pit enclosure and column piles are completed, the first concrete support, driveway slab and trestle slab are constructed; After the requirement, excavate the foundation pit downward to the position of the second support, that is, the support of fish-belly beams, install corbels, brackets, purlins, angle braces, fish-belly beams in sequence, and finally install counter braces; Finally, correct and fasten the connecting bolts, install jacks and steel strands, and finally apply prestress to form a closed system, which bears external loads together with the upper concrete support; then carry out earthwork excavation to the lower support position, and carry out sequentially The above operations; when the structure is back to construction stage, fish-belly beams and concrete supports shall be removed from bottom to top.
具体施工步骤为: The specific construction steps are:
步骤一:钢立柱施工;钢立柱包括格构柱和型钢立柱两种;格构柱采用灌注桩上部插入角钢和缀板焊接的格构柱施工;型钢立柱采用高压旋喷桩插型钢法施工; Step 1: Steel column construction; steel columns include lattice columns and section steel columns; lattice columns are constructed by inserting angle steel on the upper part of cast-in-place piles and welding lattice columns with decorative plates; section steel columns are constructed by high-pressure jet spray pile insertion section steel method;
步骤二:第一道砼支撑、栈桥板及车道板施工;在施工区域施工垫层,绑扎钢筋,浇筑砼;格构柱顶部插入砼支撑钢筋内部,形成整体; Step 2: Construction of the first concrete support, trestle slab and driveway slab; construction of a cushion layer in the construction area, binding of steel bars, and pouring of concrete; the top of the lattice column is inserted into the interior of the concrete support steel bar to form a whole;
步骤三:待步骤二中砼支撑、栈桥板及车道板达到施工强度后,进行第一层土方开挖;土方分区、分层、分块、限时开挖,先开挖中间区域,再施工开挖四周靠近围护结构土体; Step 3: After the concrete support, trestle slab and driveway slab reach the construction strength in step 2, excavate the first layer of earthwork; earthwork division, layering, division, time-limited excavation, first excavate the middle area, and then construction Digging around the soil near the enclosure structure;
步骤四:待步骤三中土方开挖至设计标高后,施工钢牛腿,架设围檩;围檩采用工字钢,其连接部位和搭接部位使用摩擦型高强螺栓紧固连接,逐段吊装安放于牛腿支架上;围檩体系务必确保双榀或多榀型钢构件形成整体、共同受力; Step 4: After the earth excavation in step 3 reaches the design elevation, construct steel corbels and erect purlins; the purlins are made of I-beams, and the connection parts and overlapping parts are fastened with friction-type high-strength bolts and hoisted section by section Placed on the corbel bracket; the purlin system must ensure that the double or multiple steel members form a whole and bear the force together;
步骤五:托座与支撑梁安装;托座件的安装需严格控制其水平标高和垂直度,立柱与托座连接螺栓的安装方向需要保持一致;安装后的托座件与型钢立柱桩紧固牢靠,摩擦型高强螺栓的扭矩需达到规定要求; Step 5: Install the bracket and the support beam; the installation of the bracket needs to strictly control its horizontal elevation and verticality, and the installation direction of the connecting bolts between the column and the bracket must be consistent; after the installation, the bracket is fastened to the steel column pile Reliable, the torque of friction-type high-strength bolts must meet the specified requirements;
步骤六:角撑安装;角撑在地面进行预拼接并检查支撑顺直度,检查合格后按部位进行整体吊装就位; Step 6: Angle brace installation; the corner brace is pre-spliced on the ground and the straightness of the support is checked. After the inspection is passed, the overall hoisting is carried out according to the position;
步骤七:鱼腹梁安装;鱼腹梁安装按照设计跨度在地面进行预拼,螺栓紧固需达到设计及规范要求;预拼完成后整体起吊,两端由人工牵引摆放在支撑牛腿上; Step 7: Fish-belly beam installation; the fish-belly beam installation is pre-assembled on the ground according to the design span, and the bolts must meet the design and specification requirements; after the pre-assembly is completed, it is lifted as a whole, and both ends are placed on the supporting corbels by manual traction ;
步骤八:对撑安装;对撑在地面进行预拼,严格控制支撑平面的平直度,就位时采用四点吊装;对撑连接空挡中必须使用相对应钢板垫紧贴密; Step 8: Install the braces; pre-assemble the braces on the ground, strictly control the straightness of the support plane, and use four-point hoisting when in place; the corresponding steel plate pads must be used to tightly connect the braces in the neutral position;
步骤九:传力件安装;传力件与围护的后置埋件及钢构等的焊接逐层累焊至填满坡口;传力件之间的空隙区域最后用细石混凝土一次性填实; Step 9: Install the force transmission parts; weld the force transmission parts and the rear embedded parts and steel structures of the enclosure layer by layer until the groove is filled; the gap area between the force transmission parts is finally filled with fine stone concrete at one time filling;
步骤十:预应力施加,鱼腹梁支撑形成;装配式支撑的各构件布置完毕后施加预应力按如下顺序进行:检查各部件螺栓的连接是否紧固,传力件与围护体系的连接状态;对撑加压;角撑加压;钢绞线加压;支撑的加压严格按设计轴力进行;钢绞线安装时要左右对称,且逐根进行; Step 10: Prestressing is applied, fish-belly beam support is formed; prestressing is applied in the following order after the components of the prefabricated support are arranged: check whether the bolts of each component are connected tightly, and the connection status of the force transmission parts and the enclosure system ; Pressurize the braces; pressurize the corner braces; pressurize the steel strands; pressurize the supports strictly according to the design axial force; the steel strands should be installed symmetrically and one by one;
步骤十一:重复下层土方开挖、支撑架设,形成立体支撑体系;待上述拼装支撑体系形成后,按设计开挖下层土方,依次施工砼支撑加鱼腹梁支撑,形成空间立体支撑体系。 Step 11: Repeat the excavation and support erection of the lower layer of earthwork to form a three-dimensional support system; after the above-mentioned assembled support system is formed, excavate the lower layer of earthwork according to the design, and construct the concrete support and fish-belly beam support in sequence to form a three-dimensional support system in space.
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