CN103693942A - Low-temperature fast-fired ceramic tile and production process thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature fast-fired ceramic tile and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103693942A CN103693942A CN201310609264.2A CN201310609264A CN103693942A CN 103693942 A CN103693942 A CN 103693942A CN 201310609264 A CN201310609264 A CN 201310609264A CN 103693942 A CN103693942 A CN 103693942A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-temperature fast-fired ceramic tile and a production process thereof. The blank material of the ceramic tile comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of fine granules produced during grinding and polishing in production of polished tiles, fine granule-containing waste water collected after polishing and a waste polishing material obtained after deposition and press filtration; the blank material of the ceramic tile is composed of, by weight, 48 to 73% of the waste polishing material, 5 to 20% of porcelain sand, 20 to 27% of clay and 2 to 5% of a mineralizer. The production process comprises the following steps: (1) collecting the waste polishing material, carrying out batching according to a formula and then carrying out wet ball milling so as to obtain slurry, wherein the waste polishing material stood for subsequent usage in press filtration and other raw materials are calculated on a dry basis; (2) subjecting the slurry to spray drying so as to obtain powder and carrying out dry-pressing so as to form a ceramic adobe; (3) drying the adobe, glazing the adobe and carrying out surface decoration; and (4) putting a decorated blank into a ceramic roller kiln for firing, wherein fast firing temperature is 1050 to 1140 DEG C, a firing period is 35 to 75 min, and the ceramic tile with a water absorption rate of less than 0.5% is sintered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the quick Low fire ceramic brick of a kind of low temperature and production technique.
Background technology
CN200410079020.9 discloses " a kind of method of utilizing polished waste material production ceramic tile ", and its object is that a large amount of vitrified tile polished waste materials that produce of current ceramic industry are reasonably re-used.This technical scheme: the waste water, the waste residue that produce after the polishing of ceramic industry vitrified tile are collected, after precipitation, press filtration and old processing, obtain polished waste material, 10～70% polished waste material, 10～35% high temperature sand, 10～35% kaolin, 10～30% low temperature sandstone batch mixing are entered to wet ball grinding in ball mill, cross 250 mesh screen residues 0.3～0.8%, after deironing, utilize spray tower to dust in mud standby; Then, utilize ceramic press dry-pressing formed in gained dry powder; Ceramic tile base substrate after moulding is burnt till in ceramic roller kiln to 1140 ℃～1200 ℃ of firing temperatures, firing period 40～75 minutes.Its weak point is: final product is only also a kind of light-weight foam brick rather than ceramic tile, and limitation is larger.
Summary of the invention
The polished waste material that the grinding and polishing operation that the object of the invention is to produce in polished tile for current ceramic industry produces, its particle fineness is distributed between 1.5～30 microns, median size is at 6 microns, because of what contain in polishing slag that bistrique brings into, there is the foamable reaction of the organism such as resin in sintering process, and provide a kind of by collecting these containing the waste water of subparticle, after precipitation, press filtration, for the blank formulation of ceramic tile production; Make full use of the feature that polishing slag particle is thin, specific surface area is large, firing temperature is low, accelerate the physical-chemical reaction of sintering process, effectively reduce the energy consumption of ceramic tile, polishing waste is turned waste into wealth, and by the effect of low temperature mineralizer, organic volatile part is volatilized by low temperature and avoided further reaction at high temperature, that evades in polishing slag that bistrique is brought into has the foamable reaction of the organism such as resin in sintering process, completes at a lower temperature the quick Low fire ceramic brick of the low temperature that the burns till porcelain process production technique of ceramic tile.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of for making ceramic tile sintering process non-foaming by reduction firing temperature, shortening firing time, evaded the nucleation temperature interval that high temperature burns till, after organism is discharged, under the effect of the reduction of solid state reaction temperature and mineralizer, make organic volatile part, by low temperature, volatilize and avoid further reaction at high temperature, complete at a lower temperature the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature of the sintering process of ceramic tile.
Technical solution of the present invention is the quick Low fire ceramic brick of described low temperature, and its special character is: in described ceramic tile, at least one is that polished tile is produced the subparticle material producing in grinding and polishing process; The waste water containing subparticle producing by collecting polishing process, obtains polished waste material through precipitation, press filtration after processing, and this ceramic tile is comprised of following component by weight percentage:
Polished waste material 48%～73% porcelain sand 5%～20%
Clay 20%～27% mineralizer 2%～5%.
As preferably:
Described ceramic tile by weight percentage, is further comprised of following component:
Polishing slag 65% porcelain sand 13%
Clay 20% wollastonite 2%.
As preferably: described mineralizer is selected a kind of or its combination: the low temperature flux raw material of wollastonite, diopside, talcum, triphane class.
Another technical solution of the present invention is the production technique of the quick Low fire ceramic brick of described low temperature, and its special character is, comprises following operation:
(1) collect polished waste material; Polished waste material and other raw material that press filtration is standby are converted to dry weight, by formula per-cent batching, wet ball grinding form slurry;
(2) spray drying of slip is made to powder, dry-pressing formed ceramic adobe;
(3) brick bat drying, glazing surface are decorated;
(4) decoration base being entered to ceramic roller kiln burns till; The temperature that it burns till: 1050 ℃～1140 ℃, firing period 35～75 minutes, is fired into the porcelain brick that water-intake rate is less than 0.5%.
As preferably: the subparticle of described polished waste material forms and is distributed between 1.5～30 microns, and median size is 6 microns.
As preferably: described operation surface decoration means (3), according to product decoration effect, adopt wherein a kind of or its combination: glaze spraying, drench glaze, silk screen, rubber roll, ink-jet printed, charity dry granular and finished bricks glaze glossing.
As preferably: described production method further comprises:
(1) collect standby polishing slag and detect moisture, batching enters ball mill goal grinding machine after being converted to the blank of butt, adds water wet-milling and becomes mud, and moil fineness is greater than the particle of 40 microns and is less than 2.50%, mud speed rate: 41 seconds/100ml; Mud moisture content: 34.0%, through sieving, deironing enters stock tank and store for future use;
By the moisture controlled of powder 6%～7%, unit weight 0.98 g/ml, dry-pressing formedly makes adobe dry, and the surface of dry base is decorated, and sends into ceramic roller kiln and burns till;
(3) utilize ceramic roller kiln to burn till, 1080 ℃ of firing temperatures, firing period 45 minutes, product water-intake rate is below 0.50%, makes porcelain brick finished product.
As preferably: the collection method of described polished waste material comprises:
(1) collect the waste water containing subparticle of rough polishing, the generation of essence throwing operation;
(2) waste water enters settling tank, precipitation by ditch;
(3) in settling tank, add flocculation agent;
(4) the waste water in I and II settling tank send edging operation recycle;
(5) the high concentration ground paste in three grades of settling tanks is sent to pressure filter, and press filtration becomes mud cake;
(6) mud cake roll-over, homogenizing, old, for the blank of low-temperature sintering ceramic brick.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
(1) the firing temperature of low-temperature sintering ceramic brick of the present invention is: 1050 ℃～1140 ℃, firing period 35～75 minutes, is fired into the porcelain brick that water-intake rate is less than 0.5%.Compare traditional processing technology and reduce by 80 ℃, firing period can shorten 15～20 minutes, reduces and burns till energy consumption 17%～20%.Thereby reduced fuel consumption, for transform traditional ceramic industry and the energy-saving and emission-reduction of industry with modern technique, be significant.
(2) the invention solves the waste material that in polishing slag, grinding and polishing partly produces, because containing a certain amount of grinding head for polishing loss in its composition, cause the foaming of ceramic tile sintering process, and the key issue that can not be widely used; Solved porcelain brick and burnt till the key problem in technology problems such as product foaming in high-temperature liquid-phase sintering situation, distortion, for the full ceramic tile of low water absorption, produced, tile polished waste can be applied in porcelain brick blank that low temperature burns till fast.
(3) its particle of waste material that grinding and polishing process produces is thin, specific surface area is large, and this fine particle has reduced the temperature of high temperature solid state reaction, for reducing firing temperature, shorten firing time and play a part crucial.
(4) the waste material that grinding and polishing process produces contains the organic compositions such as resin, and this technique has been evaded the temperature range of the foaming that high temperature burns till, make after organism is discharged, solid state reaction temperature reduce and the effect of mineralizer under, complete the sintering process of the porcelain of base substrate.
(5) the mineralizer in the blank formulation of low-temperature sintering ceramic brick of the present invention is wollastonite, diopside, talcum or containing one or more in lithium minerals raw material, amount ranges is 2%～5%.Compare the chemical constitution of traditional porcelain adobe material, contain the introducing of the raw mineral materialss such as lithium, calcium, magnesium for promoting that low-temperature sintering has certain guarantee effect.
(6) the present invention widely applies the waste material that polished tile production process produces, unsolved polished waste material discharge for many years (maybe can only for light cinder brick) is turned waste into wealth, realized the application of polishing slag in porcelain brick blank formulation, expanded the amount ranges of polishing slag, for ceramic polished brick manufacturing enterprise provides a kind of utilisation technology of polishing slag zero release, for water-intake rate, be less than 0.5% porcelain brick formula, can reduce by 80 ℃ of firing temperatures, firing period can shorten 10～20 minutes, for ceramic industry, energy-saving and emission-reduction are significant, great discovery and the innovation of ceramic raw material and production technique.Compare the firing temperature of traditional porcelain brick between 1180 ℃～1240 ℃, firing period 60～90 minutes, consumption 17%～20% capable of saving fuel.
(7) the present invention is applied in porcelain glazed tile blank formulation, and its quality meets standard GB/T/T41
The requirement of 00-2006 < < ceramic tile > > appendix G.
(8) the present invention provides a kind of solution of the porcelain brick blank formulation for low temperature fast firing to a large amount of polishing slags that produce of current ceramic industry, this solution takes full advantage of that polishing slag particle is thin, specific surface area is large, and the feature of having evaded organic resin binding agent foaming under high temperature, reduced the firing temperature of porcelain brick, can realize the consumption 17%～20% of the energy, the waste of polishing is simultaneously turned waste into wealth thus.This invention has proposed important approach for reference for the ceramic industry especially disposal and utilization of polished tile factory polishing slag.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the technological process of production schematic diagram of the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the polishing slag of the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature of the present invention is collected schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below:
In described ceramic tile, at least one is that polished tile is produced the subparticle material producing in grinding and polishing process; The waste material containing subparticle producing by collecting polishing process, obtains polished waste material through precipitation, press filtration after processing; The collection method of polished waste material comprises:
(1) collect the waste water containing subparticle of rough polishing, the generation of essence throwing operation;
(2) waste water enters settling tank, precipitation by ditch;
(3) in settling tank, add flocculation agent;
(4) the waste water in I and II settling tank send edging operation recycle;
(5) the high concentration ground paste in three grades of settling tanks is sent to pressure filter, and press filtration becomes mud cake;
(6) mud cake roll-over, homogenizing, old, for the blank of low-temperature sintering ceramic brick.
The chemical composition of tile polished waste forms, and is that the fabric of polished brick in porcelain character forms substantially, and difference is in forming, to contain the organic binder bond composition that grinding head for polishing abrasion are brought into, and composition shows that loss on ignition increases to some extent:
Loss on ignition 3.0%～3.5%; SiO
2: 68%～72%; Al
2o
3: 17%～22%; Na
2o+K
2o: 3%～5.5%; CaO:0.5%～1.0; MgO:1%～2.5%.
The quick Low fire ceramic brick of [embodiment 1] low temperature and the first production technique:
(1) by collecting standby polishing slag, detect moisture, prepare burden by weight percentage, be converted to the blank formulation of butt: polishing slag 65%, clay 20%, porcelain sand 13%, wollastonite 2%; Admixture: Xylo-Mucine 0.08%, trimerization 0.06%%, Sodium salts humic acids 0.03%, water glass 0.25%; To prepare burden into ball mill, add water wet-milling and become mud, mud is greater than the particle of 40 microns and is less than i.e. 325 mesh screen residues 2.3% of 2.30%(), through sieving, deironing enters stock tank and store for future use.
(2) the dry powder of preparing of spraying, the moisture controlled of powder is 6%～7%, unit weight 0.98%, dry-pressing formed adobe of making 330 mm * 330mm, thickness 9.6 mm ± 0.3mm is also dry, and the surface of dry base is decorated, and sends into ceramic roller kiln and burns till.
(3) utilize ceramic tile roller kiln to burn till, 1080 ℃ of firing temperatures, firing period 45 minutes, product water-intake rate is 0.42%, and product appearance quality and physical and chemical performance meet GB/T4100-2006 < < ceramic tile > > appendix G standard-required.
The quick Low fire ceramic brick of [embodiment 2] low temperature and the second production technique:
(1) by polishing slag 50%, clay 23%, porcelain sand 17%, wollastonite 3%, wilkinite 2%, high temperature potassium sand 5% batching, ball milling slurrying; Additional Xylo-Mucine 0.1%, trimerization 0.2%, wet ball grinding becomes mud, detect fineness be greater than 40 microns be 2.14% (325 mesh screen residue 2.14%), mud through deironing, sieve, be delivered to spray tower, be dried to powder and store for future use;
(2) powder is utilized to the existing KD3800 hydraulic press of production line, the adobe that is pressed into specification and is 600 * 600mm, thickness 10.0 ± 0.3mm is dried, by executing ground-coat enamel, cover-coat enamel, ink-jet is decorated, by Multi-functional ornamental moulding, being conveyed into roller kiln burns till, 1140 ℃ of firing temperatures, firing period 60 minutes, make porcelain brick finished product, water-intake rate is 0.32%, and quality product meets GB/T4100～2006 < < ceramic tile > > appendix G standard-required.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the claims in the present invention scope change and modify, and all should belong to the covering scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature, is characterized in that: in described ceramic tile, at least one is that polished tile is produced the subparticle material producing in grinding and polishing process; The waste water containing subparticle producing by collecting polishing process, obtains polished waste material through precipitation, press filtration after processing, and this ceramic tile is comprised of following component by weight percentage:
Polished waste material 48%～73% porcelain sand 5%～20%
Clay 20%～27% mineralizer 2%～5%.
2. the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ceramic tile by weight percentage, is further comprised of following component:
Polished waste material 65% porcelain sand 13%
Clay 20% wollastonite 2%.
3. the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described mineralizer is selected a kind of or its combination: the low temperature flux raw material of wollastonite, diopside, talcum, triphane class.
4. a production technique for the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises following operation:
(1) collect polished waste material; Polished waste material and other raw material that press filtration is standby are converted to dry weight, by formula per-cent batching, wet ball grinding form slurry;
(2) spray drying of slip is made to powder, dry-pressing formed ceramic adobe;
(3) brick bat drying, glazing surface are decorated;
(4) decoration base being entered to ceramic roller kiln burns till; Its temperature of burning till is fast: 1050 ℃～1140 ℃, firing period 35～75 minutes, is fired into the porcelain brick that water-intake rate is less than 0.5%.
5. the production technique of the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the subparticle of described polished waste material forms and is distributed between 1.5～30 microns, and median size is 6 microns.
6. the production technique of the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described operation surface decoration means (3), according to product decoration effect, adopt wherein a kind of or its combination: glaze spraying, pouring glaze, silk screen, rubber roll, ink-jet printed, charity dry granular and finished bricks glaze glossing.
7. the production technique of the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described production method further comprises:
(1) collect standby polished waste material and detect moisture, batching enters ball mill goal grinding machine after being converted to the blank of butt, adds water wet-milling and becomes mud, and moil fineness is greater than the particle of 40 microns and is less than 2. 50%, the flow velocity of mud: 32～41 seconds/100ml; Mud moisture content: 33～35.0%, through sieving, deironing enters stock tank and store for future use;
By the moisture controlled of powder 6%～7%, unit weight 0.98 g/ml, dry-pressing formedly makes adobe dry, and the surface of dry base is decorated, and sends into ceramic roller kiln and burns till;
(3) utilize ceramic roller kiln to burn till, 1080 ℃ of firing temperatures, firing period 45 minutes, product water-intake rate is below 0.50%, makes porcelain brick finished product.
8. the production technique of the quick Low fire ceramic brick of low temperature according to claim 4, the collection method of described polished waste material comprises:
(1) collect the waste water containing subparticle of rough polishing, the generation of essence throwing operation;
(2) waste water enters settling tank, precipitation by ditch;
(3) in settling tank, add flocculation agent;
(4) the waste water in I and II settling tank send edging operation recycle;
(5) the high concentration ground paste in three grades of settling tanks is sent to pressure filter, and press filtration becomes mud cake;
(6) mud cake roll-over, homogenizing, old, for the blank of low-temperature sintering ceramic brick.
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