CN103669622A - Anisotropic phase change energy storage composite board - Google Patents
Anisotropic phase change energy storage composite board Download PDFInfo
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- CN103669622A CN103669622A CN201310660901.9A CN201310660901A CN103669622A CN 103669622 A CN103669622 A CN 103669622A CN 201310660901 A CN201310660901 A CN 201310660901A CN 103669622 A CN103669622 A CN 103669622A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anisotropic phase change energy storage composite board. The anisotropic phase change energy storage composite board is characterized by being composed of a phase change layer (3) and a heat insulation layer (4). The phase change layer (3) is formed by mixing phase change materials and binding materials, and the heat insulation layer (4) is made of binding materials the same as those of the phase change layer (3). The phase change layer and the heat insulation layer can be manufactured in a solid or foaming type to adapt to the actual requirements of external thermal insulation or internal thermal insulation, and the effect of the phase change layer and the heat insulation layer is achieved to the maximum extent. The application direction of the composite board is determined by the mounting position of the composite board and the orientation of the phase change layer in the composite board. When the composite board is used for the external thermal insulation, the phase change layer faces the outer portion of a room, environmental heat perturbation can be buffered faster, and the speed of phase change material heat transferred to the room at a cooling and heat releasing stage is lowered so that indoor refrigeration loads at night can be reduced. When the composite board is used for the internal thermal insulation, the phase change layer faces the inner portion of the room, and indoor cold storage and heat storage efficiency can be improved. The optimized phase change energy storage composite board can greatly improve the thermal inertia of a building envelope structure and the indoor energy use ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to constructional materials, field of functional materials, relate in particular to a kind of anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate.
Technical background
Phase-changing energy storage material has this characteristic of the heat release of holding during because of its phase transformation it is had broad application prospects in building energy saving field.For realizing the energy-saving effect of phase-changing energy storage material, general way is that phase-changing energy storage material and other cementitious material blending or absorption are made to composite plate, to meet the requirement of construction work.As a kind of unconventional body of wall cladding, using phase-change accumulation energy composite type wall body mold is the important technical that meets building energy conservation demand.Heat-preserving wall is mainly divided into according to the position of insulation layer: outer insulation, interior insulation and sandwich thermal insulated.Phase-change accumulation energy composite plate is according to the actual requirements applicable to above-mentioned three kinds of heat preserving modes.Conventionally, the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate of applicable outer insulation is heat insulation for the accumulation of heat of winter solar energy or summer, that is: daytime in winter, radiation-absorbing was warm, emitted heat evening when environment temperature is lower than phase transition temperature, improves the thermal inertia of building.And absorb solar radiant heat summer, and delay interior temperature to raise, to entering indoor heat, play cushioning effect, indirectly improve the heat-proof quality of architectural exterior-protecting construction; In applicable, the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate of insulation is generally used for indoor active cold-storage and accumulation of heat, improves capacity usage ratio and the comfort level of building; Be applicable to sandwich thermal insulated falling between.Yet, no matter the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate of which kind of type, phase-change material within it portion is all and is uniformly distributed, according to thermal conduction study rule, in composite plate, absorb after extraneous or indoor heat, heat release direction in exothermic phase is two-way, the initiatively cold-storage of take in phase transformation composite plate in moist closet is example, after phase transformation body of wall absorbs enough colds, released cold quantity when interior temperature raises, and dispose procedure is two-way, in the time of to indoor release, also to exterior wall, discharge, the result causing is thus that cold-storage utilization rate is lower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of traditional phase transformation composite plate, and the composite plate type of a kind of phase-change material non-uniform Distribution in matrix material is proposed, be anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate, can improve significantly thermal inertia and the indoor capacity usage ratio of architectural exterior-protecting construction.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate, is characterized in that being comprised of phase change layer 3 and heat insulation layer 4; Wherein phase change layer 3 is made after being mixed by phase-change material and cementitious material, and heat insulation layer 4 is made by cementitious material identical with phase change layer 3; Wherein phase change layer 3 is 1:(1～5 with the Thickness Ratio of heat insulation layer 4).
Preferably described phase-change material is laurate, capric acid, palmitic acid or wherein one or more of paraffin.Described cementitious material is gypsum or cement.
Preferably in phase change layer 3, the mass ratio of phase-change material and cementitious material is 1:(4～10).
Phase change layer can be made form solid or foaming after being mixed with cementitious material by phase-change material.
Heat insulation layer can be made form solid or foaming by cementitious material.
The preparation method of material of the present invention is: 1). by after phase-change material and cementitious material mixing and stirring, without foaming, process or pour mould molding into after foaming is processed, preparing phase change layer 3.Because phase change layer 3 is 1:1 to 1:5 with the ratio of the thickness of heat insulation layer 4, so phase change layer or heat insulation layer all do not take whole mould in mould.
2). after the cementitious material identical with phase change layer 3 processed without foaming or through foaming, pour mould into, cover on phase change layer 3, make heat insulation layer 4.Because cementitious material itself has cementability, between phase change layer 3 and heat insulation layer 4, without the extra bonding processing of process, there is mechanical property.
Phase change layer and heat insulation layer make in same mould, so phase change layer or heat insulation layer all do not take separately whole mould in mould.
Above step can first make phase change layer 3 and make heat insulation layer 4 again, also can first make heat insulation layer 4 and make phase change layer 3 again, and the sequencing of preparation does not affect the key property of composite plate.
This composite plate is divided into two layers, through post forming, makes, and its phase change material inside is amesiality, and Density Distribution is inhomogeneous, and opposite side is without phase-change material.Based on the actual application requirements, without the matrix material of that side of phase-change material can be solid can be also that foaming is processed, the matrix material that has that side of phase-change material can be the solid material processing of also can foaming.Traditional phase change plate that this plate is identical with phase-change material volume is compared has more excellent heat-proof quality and indoor capacity usage ratio.
Its principle and technical scheme are as follows: according to Fourier heat conduction law: q=-λ (dt/dx), regularly, temperature gradient dt/dx more heat flow density is larger, conducts heat stronger for coefficient of thermal conductivity λ mono-.Based on this rule and in conjunction with the special thermophysical property of phase-change material, the diabatic process of traditional phase-change accumulation energy composite plate (being phase-change material equally distributed situation in matrix material) is analyzed, and made optimization.
When phase-change accumulation energy composite plate is for interior insulation conventionally, its Main Function is indoor cold-storage or accumulation of heat, to reach the object that reduces fluctuations in indoor temperature, using electricity wisely energy consumption.Conventionally in phase transformation composite plate, put aside after enough energy, when indoor changing, phase change plate undergoes phase transition in suitable temperature the energy that release is saved, and the dispose procedure of this energy is two-way, in the time of to indoor release, also outwards discharges.On the one hand, while being used for interior insulation due to phase change plate, the temperature of itself approaches room temperature, the temperature gradient of itself and room temperature is less than the temperature gradient of itself and exterior wall, according to temperature gradient in Fourier heat conduction law, it is this rule of heat conduction motive force, phase change plate, when heat release, will be less than to the hot-fluid of exterior wall heat release to the hot-fluid of indoor heat release; On the other hand, during phase change plate heat release, the exchange heat of itself and air belongs to heat convection, and the exchange heat of phase change plate and body of wall belongs to the conduction of transmission of heat by contact instant heating, and the speed of normal conditions wainscot sheathing and cross-ventilation heat exchange is less than transmission of heat by contact.Comprehensive above-mentioned two aspects, phase change plate, when phase transformation heat release, will be less than the heat of outside release to the heat of indoor release, therefore, the phase-change accumulation energy composite plate that phase-change material is evenly distributed after the certain heat of savings when it releases energy again efficiency lower.
When phase transformation composite plate is used for outer insulation, is typically used as heat insulating material and plays heat insulation effect in summer in winter.Take summer as example, and phase-change accumulation energy body of wall undergoes phase transition and keeps out after enough heats in extraneous hot environment, in the heat release direction of exothermic phase, is also two-way, in the time of to external environment heat release also to interior wall heat release.The northern area lower for daily mean temperature and day and night temperature is larger, applies phase transformation body of wall and can improve Building Heat inertia on exterior wall, reduce interior of building temperature fluctuation amplitude.The southern area higher for daily mean temperature and day and night temperature is less, phase transformation body of wall Main Function is the extraneous heat that enters building interior of buffering, reduces heat and disturbs, the effect by phase transformation increases wall heat resistance indirectly.Yet the heat that phase transformation body of wall absorbed between daytime discharged and will certainly increase room conditioning cooling load at night, obviously, the energy of this part savings discharges more few better to indoor.Thereby the equally distributed phase-change accumulation energy composite plate of phase-change material cannot overcome this weakness.
It is pointed out that in order to improve phase-change heat transfer speed, reduce Multidimensional Heat Transfer, phase change layer can be made into lamellar conventionally, and thinner effect is better; Be made generally in 3～5cm, according to size, can slightly adjust with needing.
Beneficial effect:
When composite plate is used for outer insulation, phase change layer, towards outdoor, can be disturbed and cushion environment heat quickly, reduces phase-change material in the speed of exothermic phase heat to indoor migration of lowering the temperature, and reduces indoor cooling load at night; During for interior insulation, phase change layer, towards indoor, can improve indoor cold-storage and thermal storage efficiency.Phase-change accumulation energy composite plate after optimizing can improve thermal inertia and the indoor capacity usage ratio of architectural exterior-protecting construction significantly, has certain engineering using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate schematic diagram: 1-matrix material; 2-phase-change material; 3-phase change layer; 4-heat insulation layer;
The anisotropy phase transformation composite plate temperature simulation value comparison diagram that the common phase transformation composite plate of Fig. 2 and embodiment 1 are prepared;
The anisotropic plate internal surface temperature curve map that Fig. 3 common plate and embodiment 3 are prepared.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopt paraffin wax phase change energy storage material and common building land plaster to prepare anisotropy phase-change energy-storage gypsum plate.In this example, in composite plate, heat insulation layer is solid gypsum plank, and phase change layer is the solid phase change layer that paraffin and building gypsum plaster blending make.Phase change layer is 1:5 with the ratio of the thickness of heat insulation layer.In phase change layer, phase-change material used is paraffin, and its phase transition temperature is 28 ℃ of left and right, and in phase change layer, the mass ratio of phase-change material and cementitious material is 1:4.Take land plaster 400, water 220g, paraffin 100g, after mix and blend, adding the degree of depth is in the mould of 3cm, makes thickness and is about the solid phase change layer of 0.5cm; Get land plaster 2000g, water 1100g, adds after mixing and stirring in mould, is covered on phase change layer as heat insulation layer again.After phase change layer and heat insulation layer sclerosis, will protrude the excision of mould part gypsum, the demoulding makes paraffin anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate.This plate can be used as interior insulation and also can be used as outer insulation.
Fig. 2 is the common phase transformation composite plate that is mixed with same amount paraffin that obtains by Effective Heat Capacity Formulation Method numerical model simulation and the temperature response curve of anisotropy phase transformation composite plate inner surface under alternating temperature-changing, although both paraffin incorporations are identical, but anisotropy phase transformation composite plate its inner surface maximum temperature under environmental temperature fluctuation, lower than homogeneous phase change plate, has shown that anisotropy composite plate has certain thermal insulation and indirectly embodies its energy saving as can be seen from Figure.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the outer insulation anisotropy phase-change energy-storage gypsum plate of laurate phase-changing energy storage material and the preparation of common building land plaster.In this example, in composite plate, heat insulation layer is foaming plaster plate, and phase change layer is the foaming phase change layer that phase-change material and building gypsum plaster blending make.Phase change layer is 1:1.9 with the ratio of the thickness of heat insulation layer.In phase change layer, phase-change material used is laurate, and its phase transition temperature is 41 ℃ of left and right, and the mass ratio of phase-change material and cementitious material is 1:6.7.Preparation process is as follows: get building gypsum plaster 300g, laurate pressed powder 53g, mixes by foaming and process, and pouring the degree of depth into is 5cm mould, and making thickness is the foaming phase change layer of 1.7cm.Get again building gypsum plaster 600g, after foaming is processed, pour mould into, be overlying on phase change layer, and will protrude mould part excision, make the frothing heat-insulating layer that thickness is 3.3cm.After sclerosis thoroughly, the demoulding makes the interior insulation anisotropy phase-change energy-storage gypsum plate that thickness is 5cm.Wherein phase change layer is 1:1.9 with the ratio of the thickness of heat insulation layer, and when this composite plate is used for outer insulation, heat insulation layer is towards indoor, and phase change layer is towards outdoor.Anisotropy composite plate through making is compared with common plate, in environment temperature heat, disturbing lower its internal surface temperature will low 0.3-0.5 ℃, embody more excellent thermal inertia and thermal insulation, so this plate can improve thermal isolation performance preferably for outer insulation, raising energy-saving efficiency.
Embodiment 3
Adopt insulation anisotropy phase-change energy-storage gypsum plate in laurate-capric acid binary phase-change material and the preparation of common building land plaster.In this example, in composite plate, heat insulation layer is that foaming plaster plate is made, and phase change layer is the solid composite layer that binary phase-change material and building gypsum plaster blending make.Phase change layer is 1:1 with the ratio of the thickness of heat insulation layer.In phase change layer, phase-change material is to mix and make after laurate melts with capric acid, and both mol ratios are 6:4, and phase transition temperature is 28.3 ℃, and in phase change layer, the mass ratio of phase-change material and cementitious material is 1:9.2.Take common building land plaster 1.2kg, water 650g, binary phase-change material 130g, after mix and blend, adding the degree of depth is in the mould of 3cm, makes thickness and is about the solid phase change layer of 1.5cm; Get again 600g land plaster, after processing, foaming as heat insulation layer, covers on solid phase-change accumulation energy composite gypsum board, after foaming plaster is full of whole mould, will protrude mould part excision, after sclerosis thoroughly, the demoulding makes the interior insulation anisotropy phase-change energy-storage gypsum plate that thickness is 3cm.During use, solid phase change layer is towards indoor, and heat insulation layer is towards outdoor.
Fig. 3 is that common plate and the anisotropy composite plate that laurate-capric acid binary phase-change material volume is identical is put into the internal surface temperature curve map that in alternating temperature-changing environment, actual measurement obtains.From measured result, can find out, the internal surface temperature peak value of anisotropic plate is than the low 0.5 ℃ of left and right of common plate, shows by the heat of anisotropic plate less compared with common plate, can obtain good energy-saving effect.
It is to be noted; above-described embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention, material therefor wherein, and material mixture ratio etc. all can change to some extent; every equivalents and improvement of carrying out on the basis of technical scheme that the present invention carries, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate, is characterized in that being comprised of phase change layer (3) and heat insulation layer (4); Wherein phase change layer (3) is made after being mixed by phase-change material and cementitious material, and heat insulation layer (4) is by making with the identical cementitious material of phase change layer (3); Wherein phase change layer (3) is 1:(1～5 with the Thickness Ratio of heat insulation layer (4)).
2. anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate according to claim 1, is characterized in that described phase-change material is laurate, capric acid, palmitic acid or wherein one or more of paraffin.
3. anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate according to claim 1, is characterized in that described cementitious material is gypsum or cement.
4. anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate according to claim 1, is characterized in that the mass ratio of the middle phase-change material of phase change layer (3) and cementitious material is 1:(4～10).
5. anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate according to claim 1, is characterized in that making after phase change layer is mixed with cementitious material by phase-change material form solid or foaming.
6. anisotropy phase-change accumulation energy composite plate according to claim 1, is characterized in that heat insulation layer makes form solid or foaming by cementitious material.
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| CN113431256A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-24 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | Paper-surface gypsum board and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |