CN103541484A - Internal and external multiple-phase-change thermal insulation building block - Google Patents
Internal and external multiple-phase-change thermal insulation building block Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an internal and external multiple-phase-change thermal insulation building block. The internal and external multiple-phase-change thermal insulation building block comprises an intermediate insulating layer, an external phase change layer, an internal phase change layer, intermediate insulating layer ribs, external phase change layer ribs, internal phase change layer ribs and a building block protective layer, wherein the intermediate insulating layer is arranged inside a building block and is separated by one or two intermediate insulating layer ribs; the external phase change layer and the internal phase change layer are respectively arranged on the two sides of the intermediate insulating layer; the external phase change layer and the internal phase change layer are separated by multiple external phase change layer ribs and multiple internal phase change layer ribs respectively; the internal phase change layer adopts paraffin microcapsule, n-hexadecane microcapsule and n-octadecane microcapsule as a phase change thermal insulation material; the external phase change layer adopts the paraffin microcapsule, the n-hexadecane microcapsule, the n-octadecane microcapsule, n-tetracosane microcapsule and stearic acid microcapsule as a phase change thermal insulation material. The internal and external multiple-phase-change thermal insulation building block has the beneficial effects and advantages that a phase change material still can bring the superiority of phase change energy storage to fully play under the condition that an outdoor temperature is greatly changed, energy is saved, thermal insulation is realized, and an indoor temperature is stable and comfortable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be incubated immature soil building block in technical field of buildings, is exactly a kind of inside and outside heterogeneous change insulation blocks.
Background technology
Along with the Large scale construction in cities and towns, the problem of building industry high flow rate, high investment, low income becomes increasingly conspicuous, and at present, China has been maximum in the world constructional materials producing country and country of consumption.Main building material product cement, sheet glass, construction sanitary ceramic, stone material and materials for wall Isoquant rank first in the world for many years.Although low-energy consumption can fall in external wall outer insulation and the interior heat preservation technology within the walls of extensive use at present, because the heat capacity of material itself is limited, can not fully energy be stored to utilization, thereby limit the ability of building energy conservation.Because phase change material is in its phase change procedure (melt or solidify), can or emit amount of heat from environment absorption, keep temperature-resistant simultaneously, the advantage such as can be repeatedly used, being applied to building energy saving field not only can improve the insulating power of body of wall, saves heating energy consumption, and can reduce body of wall deadweight, make body of wall attenuation, increase effective usable floor area in house, thereby have broad application prospects.
Yet, because outdoor environment temperature amplitude of variation is larger, cause interior temperature not within phase transition temperature excursion, cannot bring into play the effect of phase-change accumulation energy.
Phase-change material (Phase Change Materials, abbreviation PCM) in the process undergoing phase transition at itself, heat (cold) amount that can absorbing environmental, and to environment, emit heat (cold) amount when needed, thus reach the object of controlling ambient temperature.Utilizing the latent heat of phase change of phase-change material to realize storage and the utilization of energy, contribute to develop environment-friendly and energy-efficient composite material, is a very active forward position research direction in material science and field of energy utilization in recent years.By phase-change material and constructional materials matrix is compound, can make phase-changing energy-storing building materials.Phase-changing energy-storing building materials is a kind of hot functional composite material, energy can be stored with the form of latent heat of phase change, realizes the conversion of energy between different space-time positions.
Phase-change material refers to building, is building field revolutionary development.Main Function result is energy-conservation, can reach energy-conservation 60%-99%.Take northern heating as example, use phase-change material, is that measurement unit is calculated according to the house of 100 square meters, and the power consumption of a Heating Season only has 10 degree left and right.
At present domestic and international application mainly comprises crystalline hydrate salt inorganic phase-changing material in the phase-change material of building energy saving field, and the organic phase change material such as paraffin, carboxylic acid, ester, polyalcohol and high molecular polymer.The advantage such as crystalline hydrate salt inorganic phase-changing material has that melting heat is large, thermal conductivity is high, volumetric change is little during phase transformation, but there is the shortcoming that existed cold-peace to be separated in corrosivity, phase transition process; And organic phase-change material has suitable phase transition temperature, higher enthalpy of phase change, and nontoxic, non-corrosiveness, but its thermal conductivity is lower, and in phase transition process, heat transfer property is poor.In recent years, the application of organic phase change material in building energy conservation such as paraffin hydrocarbon, aliphatic acid, polyalcohols have mainly been studied both at home and abroad.The fusing point of normal alkane approaches human body comfort temperature, and its enthalpy of phase change is large, but normal alkane price is higher, and mixes in constructional materials and understand in material surface frosting; Aliphatic acid price is lower, and enthalpy of phase change is little, needs just can reach thermoregulation effect very in a large number while using separately; Polyalcohol is to have the fixedly solid-solid phase transition material of phase transition temperature and enthalpy of phase change, but its price is high.The shortcoming existing for effectively overcoming single mineral-type or organic phase-change material, the research and development of phase-change material must be walked binary or polynary compound direction.In recent years, development composite phase-change material has become the study hotspot in phase-change material field.Current compound mode has two kinds: a kind of is that normal alkane is mixed with fatty acid, polyalcohols phase-change material, makes the eutectic mixture under uniform temperature, thereby obtains more effective composite phase-change material with lower cost; Another kind is that two or three polyalcohol is mixed by different proportion, forms " merging altogether gold ", thereby phase transition temperature and enthalpy of phase change are regulated, and develops and has suitable phase transition temperature and the composite phase-change material of enthalpy of phase change.Phase-change material and the compound method of making phase-changing energy-storing building materials of constructional materials matrix are mainly contained to three kinds: the one, infusion method, infiltrates phase-change material in the building material substrate of porous by soaking, as gypsum wallboard, cement concrete test block etc.Its advantage is that technique is simple, is easy to make traditional constructional materials (as gypsum wallboard) to become on request phase-changing energy-storing building materials; The 2nd, admixture energy microballoon method, is packaged into energy microballoon by means of microcapsules technology or nanometer composite technology phase-change material, then energy microballoon is mixed in building material substrate, thereby prepare phase-changing energy-storing building materials; The 3rd, direct mixing method, is about to phase-change material and directly mixes with building material substrate, as phase-change material sucked in semimobile silica fine powder, then mixes in building material substrate.Many novel solid-solid phase transition materials continually develop the application that has promoted this technique.Directly the advantage of mixed method is that technique is simple, and character is more even, is easier to make various shapes and big or small building unit, to meet different needs.
Building heat preservation heat-barrier material is the material base of building energy conservation.According to the phase-change accumulation energy principle of phase-change material, in heat preserving and insulating material, mix phase-change material and prepare energy-efficient building heat preservation heat-barrier material, be the recent years of problems in widespread attention in building energy saving field.1996, the researcher of Leipzig, Germany investigation of materials and test center was wrapped in phase-change material in microcapsules, made microcapsule-type phase-change material.Consider fiber film material light weight, the performance such as flexible, durable, shockproof, again microcapsule-type phase-change material is mixed in tunica fibrosa material, make building heat preservation heat-barrier material.Research shows, at every m
2in membrane material, mix after 40g microcapsule-type phase-change material, the comprehensive insulating power of membrane material approximately increases by 4 times, mixes after 90g microcapsule-type phase-change material, and the comprehensive insulating power of membrane material approximately increases by 8 times.Therefore, research center proposes the heat storage capacity that application microcapsule-type phase-change material increases membrane material, and the heat-insulating property that microcapsule-type phase-change material improves membrane material is added in expectation, reaches the object of improving Indoor environment environment, reducing energy consumption.
1999, Ohio, USA was worn a university research and is successfully developed the solid-liquid eutectic phase-change material for building heat preservation, and its solid-liquid eutectic temperature is 23.3 ℃.When temperature is during higher than 23.3 ℃, crystalline phase fusing, savings heat, once temperature, lower than this temperature, reproduction crystal phase structure, simultaneously releases heat are solidified in crystallization, in wallboard or light concrete precast plate, pour into a mould this phase-change material, can keep interior temperature suitable.The Yi Jia factory of Illinois has prepared to produce the wallboard of this material of cast, and uses its building.
Summary of the invention
the object of the invention is: a kind of inside and outside heterogeneous change insulation blocks is provided.At exterior wall external surface, different phase-change materials are set, can within the scope of different temperatures, all can bring into play the effect of good phase-change accumulation energy, and indoor environment temperature is remained within the scope of the phase transition temperature of indoor phase-change material for a long time, energy energy-saving heat preserving, provides good Interior Temperature Environment like this.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
It comprises insulation layer, outside phase change layer, inner phase change layer, middle insulation layer rib, outside phase change layer rib, inner phase change layer rib and building block topping; it is characterized in that: middle insulation layer is positioned in the middle of building block; by insulation layer ribs in the middle of or two, separated; height is identical with building block; the both sides of middle insulation layer arrange respectively outside phase change layer and inner phase change layer; three's spacing is identical with building block protective layer thickness; outside phase change layer and inner phase change layer are separated by a plurality of outside phase change layer ribs and inner phase change layer rib respectively, and up and down closedtop and underseal are set respectively.Inner for phase change layer, paraffin microcapsule, hexadecane microcapsules and n-octadecane microcapsules are as phase-transition heat-preserving material, and three's mass ratio is 10:1:1.Outside phase change layer adopts paraffin microcapsule, hexadecane microcapsules, n-octadecane microcapsules, positive 24 alkane microcapsules, stearic acid microcapsules as phase-transition heat-preserving material, and mass ratio is: 20:4:6:4:2.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
Effect of the present invention and advantage are in the situation that outside temperature amplitude of variation is larger, still can guarantee the advantage of phase-change material performance phase-change accumulation energy, energy-saving heat preserving, and interior temperature is stable, comfortable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inside and outside heterogeneous change insulation blocks generalized section of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is middle insulation layer; 2 is outside phase change layer; 3 is inner phase change layer; 4 is middle insulation layer rib; 5 is outside phase change layer rib; 6 is inner phase change layer rib; 7 is building block topping.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with reference to accompanying drawing and technical scheme, the present invention is described in detail.
The inside and outside heterogeneous change insulation blocks that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 1.Mainly by middle insulation layer 1, outside phase change layer 2, inner phase change layer 3, middle insulation layer rib 4, outside phase change layer rib 5, inner phase change layer rib 6 and building block topping 7 etc., formed.
First the concrete shell of insulation layer rib 4, outside phase change layer rib 5, inner phase change layer rib 6 and building block topping 7 and comprise the underseal of outside phase change layer 2, inner phase change layer 3 in the middle of comprising by Mold Making; maintenance 15 days; build outside phase change layer 2, inner phase change layer 3, and add closedtop.
Claims (3)
1. heterogeneous change insulation blocks inside and outside a kind, it comprises insulation layer (1), outside phase change layer (2), inner phase change layer (3), middle insulation layer rib (4), outside phase change layer rib (5), inner phase change layer rib (6) and building block topping (7), it is characterized in that: middle insulation layer (1) is positioned in the middle of building block, by one or two middle insulation layer ribs (4) separation, height is identical with building block, the both sides of middle insulation layer (1) arrange respectively outside phase change layer (2) and inner phase change layer (3), three's spacing is identical with building block topping (7) thickness, outside phase change layer (2) and inner phase change layer (3) are separated by a plurality of outside phase change layer ribs (5) and inner phase change layer rib (6) respectively, and closedtop and underseal are set up and down respectively.
2. a kind of inside and outside heterogeneous change insulation blocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: inner phase change layer (3) adopts paraffin microcapsule, hexadecane microcapsules and n-octadecane microcapsules as phase-transition heat-preserving material, and three's mass ratio is 10:1:1.
3. a kind of inside and outside heterogeneous change insulation blocks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: outside phase change layer (2) adopts paraffin microcapsule, hexadecane microcapsules, n-octadecane microcapsules, positive 24 alkane microcapsules, stearic acid microcapsules as phase-transition heat-preserving material, and mass ratio is: 20:4:6:4:2.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104453078A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Three-layer phase change insulation block |
| CN104929303A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-09-23 | 中国农业大学 | Mortar building block brick for sunlight greenhouse and heat storage and heat insulation wall |
| CN106401051A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 贵州安顺家喻新型材料股份有限公司 | Heat reserving brick |
| CN107012979A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-04 | 常州大学 | A kind of with bar-mat reinforcement, solid-liquid eutectic phase-change material block structure |
| CN117215344A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-12-12 | 天津大学 | Active cooperative temperature control system and method for large-volume concrete structure |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104453078A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Three-layer phase change insulation block |
| CN104929303A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-09-23 | 中国农业大学 | Mortar building block brick for sunlight greenhouse and heat storage and heat insulation wall |
| CN106401051A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 贵州安顺家喻新型材料股份有限公司 | Heat reserving brick |
| CN106401051B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-05-21 | 贵州安顺家喻新型材料股份有限公司 | A kind of insulating brick |
| CN107012979A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-04 | 常州大学 | A kind of with bar-mat reinforcement, solid-liquid eutectic phase-change material block structure |
| CN117215344A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-12-12 | 天津大学 | Active cooperative temperature control system and method for large-volume concrete structure |
| CN117215344B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-05-31 | 天津大学 | Active cooperative temperature control system and method for large-volume concrete structure |
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Application publication date: 20140129 |