CN103664330A - Method for cultivating new varieties of tricholoma lobayense heim - Google Patents
Method for cultivating new varieties of tricholoma lobayense heim Download PDFInfo
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- CN103664330A CN103664330A CN201310541328.XA CN201310541328A CN103664330A CN 103664330 A CN103664330 A CN 103664330A CN 201310541328 A CN201310541328 A CN 201310541328A CN 103664330 A CN103664330 A CN 103664330A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating new varieties of tricholoma lobayense heim, which belongs to the field of mycology. According to the environmental characteristics of northern regions, a breakthrough is made on the breeding and cultivation mode of the tricholoma lobayense heim, and a high-yield cultivation mode of tricholoma lobayense heim LD08-1 is determined.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bacteriology field.
Background technology
Jin Fugu (
macrocybe gigantean(Massee) Pegler & Lodge comb.nov), trade name at home still has Jin Fugu, large spoken parts in traditional operas mushroom, Tricholoma lobayense, is referred to as Luo Bayi dried mushroom in Taiwan, and Japan is referred to as white matsutake.Jin Fugu belongs to Agaricales (Agaricales), Tricholomataceae (Tricholomataceae).Be attributed at first Tricholoma (Tricholoma), Latin formal name used at school is
tricholoma giganteum(Massee).Afterwards through Pegler D N, the DNA sequence dna cluster analysis of Lodge D J and Nakasone K K (1997) combining form dissection, ecosystem characterization and coding large ribosomal subunit RNA, Jin Fugu is separated from Tricholoma, be attributed to a new genus-Macrocybe.
Gold good fortune massee fruiting bodies is grown thickly or clusters, and shape is large, white or oyster white, and cap is open and flat smooth, is semisphere.Stem is up-small and down-big, is long bar-shaped, and mushroom shape is beautiful.Jin Fugu is found in the earliest Africa by French mycologist Heim and in 1970, names as Lip river bar dried mushroom (Tricholoma lobayense Heim).1992, fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches Mr. morning mist adopted golden good fortune mushroom mushroom sample on the other meadow of twig and leaf of Royal poinciana stub first in Hong Kong Chinese University campus, and 1998, Guo Cuiying also adopted into the long Jin Fugu of growing thickly near twig and leaf of Royal poinciana in the Fujian Tropical Institute of Zoology of Xiamen.Infer accordingly, the most northern distributing line of Jin Fugu can reach north latitude 24.5
.african, Tropical Asian is regional, and (the Manny pul nation of the Fujian of India, Bangladesh, southern china, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Xiamen, Hong Kong, Taiwan, India, West Bangladesh and Plain, Henghe wide geographic area are the important localities of Jin Fugu, are local resident's traditional foods.
Gold good fortune mushroom bacterial context is plump tender white, and mouthfeel is unique, and micro-sweet, the tender and crisp and domestic deliciousness of taste has outstanding mushroom fragrant.According to one's analysis, every 100 Ke Jinfu mushroom dry products are containing albumen 27.56%, crude fat 9.58%.Total reducing sugar 38.44%, robust fibre 8.20%, and contain multivitamin (Guo Cuiying, 1999), and storage tolerance is good, is suitable for marketing fresh and drying processing, and under l0 ℃ of condition, freshness date can reach l month, and nondiscoloration is not spoiled.Jin Fugu is as tropical mushroom class, and its domesticating and cultivating comes into one's own day by day.
According to over yellow year (1996), Jin Fugu starts to have in Taiwan in a small amount and cultivates, and very worthy, and every kilogram of fresh mushroom valency is at New Taiwan Currency more than 1000 yuan.Japan also starts plant experimentally and put goods on the market in batches in recent years.The utilizations such as Guo Cuiying (1999) gather the report that wild strain carries out briquetting soil covering culture, at 900cm charge level, produce two sporophores.Easy galaxy of literary talents etc. (1998) utilize Taiwan to introduce bacterial strain and separated wild strain, carry out continuously 2 years strain improvements, physiological property and experiment in cultivation, the production traits and the economic characters of finding the Tg-l of wild strain Sunyu are all better than introducing bacterial strain, and the culture material formula of suitable commercial production and planting technique are explored.At present, the commercialization of Jin Fugu cultivation in Fujian, Guangdong and zhejiang and other places launch.
The mycelial growth temperature of Jin Fugu is 15-35 ℃, and optimal temperature is 25-30 ℃.Sporophore growth temperature is 15-33 ℃, and optimal temperature is 25-30 ℃.Because its fruiting temperature is higher, suitablely between spring end to the mid-autumn, cultivate, solved current mushroom room implement annually cultivating variety matching and summer edible fungus culturing area few, kind is few, the problem that can not meet the need of market.In south China area, Jin Fugu went on the market in summer, had just filled up the blank of high temperature mushroom.But Jin Fugu rarely has report in the cultivation of northern area, it is reported, Rizhao City biological study is introduced after this bacterial strain, through detoxification rejuvenation, with the wheat straw after fermentation, corn, beanstalk cultivation, its biological transformation ratio reaches 100%, but has no Jin Fugu at the report of this province business cultivation.The forestry scientific research Suo Cong of Liaoning provinces and cities Wuhan edible mushrooms institute of Sunyu introducing culture is success not, only show the environmental quality for northern area, in the foundation of the Breeding and cultivation pattern of Jin Fugu, have breakthrough, just can make this rare mushroom kind cultivate successfully at northern area.
Summary of the invention
one, golden good fortune mushroom LD 08-1 High Yield Cultivation Pattern
1.1 strains tested
Gold good fortune mushroom new variety LD08-1.
the design of culture material formula and composting
Wheat stalk is cut into 5～6 cm, with liming, soaks 48 h, pick up elimination water.Formulating of recipe by table 4-1 is built heap, composting 13 d, wherein turning is 3 times, adding wheat bran spice the 3rd time evenly can pack, with the polypropylene plastics pocket of 0.045 * 17 * 35 cm, do pocket, each formula fills 200 bags, dress siccative 0.35kg/ bag, sterilizing routinely, inoculation, cultivation.
table 1 gold good fortune mushroom culture material formula
1.3 inoculation time arrangements
The arrangement of time of inoculating to cultivating bag is about mid-April.Cultivate 40 d left and right mycelia and can cover with bag.
1.4 bacterium chamber management
Fumigation before using, controls temperature and is not less than 18 ℃ between bacteria developing period, suitably ventilates, and suitably shading.
casing ways
Employing takes off the horizontal bed cultivation earthing of bag and does not take off two kinds of modes of bag upright bed cultivation earthing and compares test, for examination culture material, is to fill a prescription 1, to compare in identical culture material situation, and the impact of the difference of Casing ways on golden good fortune mushroom output.Every m
3soil amount regulates pH value and sterilization with 15 kg lime and 1 kg formalin, is exposed to the sun.
(1)
the horizontal fruiting pattern of de-bag earthing
Mycelia sends out after purseful, all de-bag, be lying in wide 90 cm, in the furrow of dark 10-15 cm, bag and bag interval 1-2 cm, first use space between particulate state sandy soil filling bag, broad irrigation, treat that water oozes under, then cover fine earth that organic content that about 1-1.5 cm is thick is high (if soil is excessively sticky, can mix after small part sand earthing again), keep furrow face wetting later.(see figure 1)
(2)
the not de-bag vertical fruiting pattern of earthing
Mycelia sends out after purseful, and bacterium bag is stood in the furrow identical with soil fruiting pattern, and bag spacing 1-2cm, uses the soil filling of digging while digging furrow between bag and bag, and sack covers with fine earth, sprays once permeable.(see figure 2)
1.6 management of producing mushroom
After earthing water transfer finishes, temperature is controlled at 20-30 ℃, humidity 85-90%, keep a certain amount of fresh air, after 7-8d, until soil layer mycelia, climb up after topsoil, increase gradually air flow, when suitably increasing some illumination containing a large amount of pure white ascomata in soil layer, should spray some spray water xis, strengthen air flow simultaneously and promote mycelia twist together into former base and form sporophore.After a large amount of fruit-body formations, keep the atmospheric moisture of mushroom canopy environment, continue to strengthen air flow.
1.7observe and record
From mushroom flower bud, be formed into sporophore maturation, need 10 d left and right, timely collecting, when cap becomes semisphere, gathers while not yet flattening.While gathering, hold stem, whole clump is swung and mentioned, the earth of pruning.After gathering, clear up bed surface residue, with soil, supplement bed surface.The bacteria 5-6 d that stops spraying water, then spray water in soil.
Observe different mode fruiting situation, each processes 2 tides of gathering, and records the fruiting time, records the ultimate production of each tupe, biological efficiency and Fruitbody (above two kinds of patterns record respectively 100 bags).
1.5 results and analysis
1.5.1 sporophore shape is observed
The mycelia of gold good fortune mushroom LD08-1 bacterial strain dense white, growing way is good, climbs native ability strong after earthing, sporophore is grown thickly, a type is large, handle long, pure white, resistance against diseases is strong.7～12 cm are wide for cap, initial stage semisphere, after gradually flat or middle part is slightly recessed, surface white, subduing, level and smooth after ripe, micro-glutinous, edge is without striped.Wavy or slightly upper volume when old, bacterial context is thick, white, densification, micro-tool starch taste, lamella pale, shortly prolongs life, close to slightly close, not isometric.Pleat edge is wavy, raw in stem, clavate, and slightly crooked, during children, handle base obviously expands and is doleiform, ripe rear long 9～18 cm, thick 2～5 cm, base portion often Colaesce becomes one clump
Ivory buff, above has cilium and fibrous stria, interior real cellulosic, and spore print white, sporidium is avette to oblong, has 1 oily ball .5. 0～7.5 μ m * 3.5～5.1 μ m.Mycelia has clamp connexion.
1.5.2 different ingredients gold good fortune mushroom mycelial growth situation and output
As can be seen from Table 2, the mycelia growing way in formula 1 is best, and mycelial growth rate is the fastest, and biological transformation ratio is the highest.The difference of yield rate between different ingredients is not obvious, may be better because of the sterilizing measure of culture material.Along with the increase of corn cob consumption, the biological transformation ratio of Jin Fugu slightly declines.It should be noted that the culture material that replaces corn cob with wheat stalk, still have more than 60% biological transformation ratio.This result shows, the resources advantage that can make full use of local wheat stalk is carried out the cultivation of golden good fortune mushroom.
table 2 different ingredients gold good fortune mushroom mycelial growth situation and output
1.5.3 the impact of different earthing patterns on golden good fortune mushroom output
1.5.3.1 the impact of different cultivation modes on output
the impact of the different cultivation modes of table 3 on golden good fortune mushroom output
From the test-results shown in table 3, can find out, the biological efficiency of pattern 1 (soil fruiting pattern) is higher, is 82.6%; Pattern 2 (half soil fruiting pattern) biological efficiency is lower, is 69.8%.
the impact of different cultivation modes on Fruitbody
the impact of the different cultivation modes of table 4 on Fruitbody
As can be seen from the above table, the golden good fortune mushroom quality of de-bag soil covering culture is better, and sporophore is many and large, shows as cap large, and bacterial context is thick, and stem is sturdy, moderate length, and lighter color is yellow, and commodity is good, and market is easy to accept; The Jin Fugu of not de-bag earthing vertical planting (claying wall fruiting pattern), quality is slightly poor, and cap is less, and bacterial context is slightly thin, and stem is shorter, and color and luster is slightly dark, is not received by the market.But under two kinds of planting types, the mushroom growing up number of golden good fortune mushroom does not have difference.
Above-mentioned test-results shows, cultivation mode difference, and the biological efficiency of Jin Fugu and fresh mushroom quality have notable difference.The best cultivation mode of Jin Fugu is the fruiting pattern of de-bag soil covering culture, and its output is the highest, and 2 damp biological efficiencies reach 82.6%, and golden good fortune mushroom quality is better.De-bag bed is planted earthing, is easy to soil covering, water spraying operation, and soil layer moisture content is even, and mycelia is good in soil layer growing way, and soil layer mycelia amount is many, so output is high.But in cultivation management, because golden good fortune mushroom is very responsive for the water content of culture material, should be specifically noted that the rate of water make-up of controlling culture material, it is degree that the water content of soil fruiting pattern culture material be take the moistening not ponding of furrow face.The water content of culture material is too small, understands breaking up again of the severe inhibition gold former base of good fortune mushroom; Excessive green mold and the bacterial disease of easily growing, causes not fruiting.And not de-bag upright earthing pattern, after earthing, be not easy to water spray management, each bag of soil layer moisture content is inhomogeneous, soil layer mycelia growing way is poor, affected the output in Jin Fugu later stage, so there is the shortcoming of the lower and inferior quality of output, but also there is the plurality of advantages such as the space of occupation of land is less, disease incidence is low, fruiting is very fast.Two aspects of comprehensive yield and quality have mainly been investigated in our test, and the selection of concrete production cultivation mode also will be with further reference to the actual demand situation in local cost of land and Jin Fu mushroom market.
1.5.4 sum up
In sum, the better cultivation mode of Jin Fugu is: adopt de-bag bed to plant soil covering culture mode; Cultivation culture material formula is: cotton seed hulls 83%, wheat bran 14%, lime 2%, calcium superphosphate 1%.In addition, can utilize the abundant advantage of Shandong wheat straw resource, launch the planting type of formula 5.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is de-bag earthing mode chart; Fig. 2 is half de-bag earthing mode chart.
Claims (2)
1. a cultivating method for golden good fortune mushroom new variety, is characterized in that culture material formula is: cotton seed hulls 83%, wheat bran 14%, lime 2%, calcium superphosphate 1%.
2. a cultivating method for golden good fortune mushroom new variety, is characterized in that adopting traction bed to plant the mode of soil covering culture.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107950289A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-24 | 乌鲁木齐食用菌研究所 | A kind of fine and soft potted plant three-dimensional Industry Cultivation integration system of kahikatea and application |
| CN112042463A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-08 | 贵州丰源现代农业有限公司 | Black termitomyces albuminosus culture method and application thereof |
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| US6073388A (en) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-06-13 | Vlasic Farms, Inc. | Mushroom casing spawn |
| CN101130134A (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2008-02-27 | 四川大学 | Technique for processing plants in high rich of heavy metal by using mushroom fungus |
| CN101861799A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2010-10-20 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Indoor soilless cultivation method for Tricholoma lobayense Heim |
| CN101953272A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-01-26 | 镇江市京口区瑞京农业科技示范园 | Method for interplanting tricholoma giganteum in corn field in summer |
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2013
- 2013-11-06 CN CN201310541328.XA patent/CN103664330A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6073388A (en) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-06-13 | Vlasic Farms, Inc. | Mushroom casing spawn |
| CN101130134A (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2008-02-27 | 四川大学 | Technique for processing plants in high rich of heavy metal by using mushroom fungus |
| CN101861799A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2010-10-20 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Indoor soilless cultivation method for Tricholoma lobayense Heim |
| CN101953272A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-01-26 | 镇江市京口区瑞京农业科技示范园 | Method for interplanting tricholoma giganteum in corn field in summer |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 李碧琼等: "金福菇培养基配方研究", 《江西农业学报》, vol. 19, no. 4, 31 December 2007 (2007-12-31), pages 69 - 70 * |
| 胡清秀: "《珍稀食用菌栽培实用技术》", 31 March 2011, article "金福菇栽培方式", pages: 104 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107950289A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-24 | 乌鲁木齐食用菌研究所 | A kind of fine and soft potted plant three-dimensional Industry Cultivation integration system of kahikatea and application |
| CN112042463A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-08 | 贵州丰源现代农业有限公司 | Black termitomyces albuminosus culture method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |