CN103645627A - Device and method for achieving Ramsey-CPT atomic clock through microwave frequency switching - Google Patents

Device and method for achieving Ramsey-CPT atomic clock through microwave frequency switching Download PDF

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CN103645627A
CN103645627A CN201310638105.5A CN201310638105A CN103645627A CN 103645627 A CN103645627 A CN 103645627A CN 201310638105 A CN201310638105 A CN 201310638105A CN 103645627 A CN103645627 A CN 103645627A
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ramsey
microwave
cpt
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atomic clock
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CN103645627B (en
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李铎
田原
顾思洪
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Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics of CAS
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Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for achieving a Ramsey-CPT atomic clock through microwave frequency switching. The method for achieving the Ramsey-CPT atomic clock through microwave frequency switching comprises the steps that (A) currents and microwaves are coupled to a laser tube so that the laser tube can output multi-color coherent laser light; (B) the frequency distribution of the multi-color coherent laser light is changed by periodical microwave frequency switching, an atom in the CPT state is prepared when the frequency distribution meets the requirements of CPT resonance, no action exists between the laser light and the atom under the detuning condition, and Ramsey-CPT interference is conducted by the existing CPT atom and a laser field when resonance occurs again; (C) the Ramsey-CPT atomic clock is achieved by using Ramsey-CPT interference fringes as microwave frequency discrimination signals. According to the method and device for achieving the Ramsey-CPT atomic clock through microwave frequency switching, due to the facts that the frequency of microwaves of an input laser device is changed periodically and the power is kept constant, the problem that according to a periodical microwave on-off scheme, due to the fact that the power of the input laser device can be changed suddenly, the frequency of output laser light fluctuates is solved. As a result, the obtained atomic clock has more excellent performance. By the adoption of the method and device for achieving the Ramsey-CPT atomic clock through microwave frequency switching, small and minitype atom clocks can be achieved.

Description

A kind ofly switch the device and method that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock
Technical field
The present invention relates to atomic clock field, be specifically related to a kind of device that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock that switches, also relate to a kind of method that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock of switching.Be applicable to small-sized and manufacture miniature atomic clock.
Background technology
Passive-type CPT atomic clock is widely studied owing to having Miniaturized advantage, at present existing commercial miniature CPT atomic clock.Passive-type CPT atomic clock utilizes microwave modulating current to inject the three-lever system interaction that vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) produces relevant bi-coloured light and atom conventionally, when the frequency of two incident fields equals the jump frequency of atom, and difference on the frequency equals the difference on the frequency of atomic ground state two hyperfine energy levels, while being Raman resonance, two single-photon transitions interfere, atom can be prepared into coherent superposition state, i.e. CPT state.Conventional CPT atomic clock is exactly to adopt to follow the EIT signal of CPT state to realize as microwave frequency discrimination signal, and the frequency stability of this atomic clock is 10 -11τ -1/2level.
By Ramsey-CPT, interfere and can obtain the live width interference fringe narrower than CPT signal, it can be realized to frequency stability 10 as microwave frequency discrimination signal -13τ -1/2the atomic clock of level.Yet its optical system volume of Ramsey-CPT atomic clock scheme of having implemented is at present too large, is not suitable for changing into practical atomic clock product.Although occurred realizing small utility Ramsey-CPT atomic clock scheme by microwave periodic break-make, but microwave break-make causes the microwave power of inputting VCSEL in break-make moment generation acute variation, cause VCSEL Output of laser wavelength to occur long-time vibration at make and break process, reduced laser quality, thereby the performance of the atomic clock of realizing variation to some extent.
By periodicity, switch the Ramsey-CPT atomic clock that microwave frequency modulation VCSEL is realized, during due to switching microwave frequency, the microwave power of output after can switching by adjusting, avoided switching the VCSEL Output of laser oscillation wavelength that moment occurs, overcome the problem that microwave break-make causes, therefore can obtain the more excellent small-sized Ramsey-CPT atomic clock of performance.By this scheme, can also realize the Ramsey-CPT atomic clock of chip-scale.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to overcome the problem that prior art exists, a kind of device that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock that switches is provided, this apparatus structure is simple, compare and adopt Ramsey-CPT atomic clock volume and the power consumption that microwave break-make realizes not increase, but performance is more excellent.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of method that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock of switching, can obtain the better Ramsey-CPT signal of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), be more suitable for realizing high performance chip-scale atomic clock.
Object of the present invention can realize by following technical proposal:
Switch the device that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock,
Opertaing device 1, single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2, two microwave sources (3,4), voltages turn current circuit 5, Bias-Tee6, laser generator 7, Atomic absorption bubble 8, optical detection device 9.The signal output part of opertaing device 1 turns respectively the input end of current circuit 5 with voltage, the control end of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2, the first microwave source is connected with the trigger end of the second microwave source, the output terminal of the first microwave source and the second microwave source is connected with two input ends of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2 respectively, the output terminal that the electric current of Bias-Tee6 and microwave input end turn current circuit 5 with voltage is respectively connected with the output terminal of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2, the output of Bias-Tee6 is connected with the input of laser generator 7, the laser of laser generator 7 outputs is through being incident to optical detection device 9 after Atomic absorption bubble 8, the output of optical detection device 9 is connected with the input of opertaing device 1.Wherein:
Opertaing device: the computing machine that NI PCI-6220 and NI PCI-4461 data acquisition module are housed.The output signal outputting analog signal to the voltage that utilize NI PCI-4461 to gather optical detection device turn current circuit, utilize NI PCI-6220 output digit signals to single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) and the first microwave source.
The ZASWA-2-50DR+ of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT): Mini-Circuits, for switching the microwave that is coupled to VCSEL.
Microwave source (3,4): the E8257D of two Agilent, the output frequency of microwave source is superimposed with 2FSK modulation, and during microwave source 1 sweep frequency, trigger pip comes from opertaing device.The output of the first microwave source and the second microwave source is connected to two inputs of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT).
Voltage turns current circuit: because the impedance of VCSEL is not invariable, therefore adopt electric current rather than voltage to drive.The simulating signal of opertaing device output is connected to the input of VCSEL after superpotential turns current circuit.As shown in Figure 6.
Bias-Tee: for voltage being turned to the output of current circuit and the output of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) is coupled to VCSEL.Adopt the ZNBT-60-1W+Bias-Tee of Mini-Circuits.
Laser generator: comprise single mode 795nm VCSEL and 1/4 slide that U-L-M Photonics produces.Wherein VCSEL comprises a thermistor and TEC, for VCSEL temperature being controlled near 40 degree.As Fig. 7 shows.
Atomic absorption bubble: comprise sample bubble, solenoid coil and magnetic shielding bucket.Wherein length and the diameter of sample bubble are respectively 40mm and 25mm.Work atom in bubble is 87rb is filled with buffer gas N2 and the CH4 of general pressure 20Torr, ratio 1:2 simultaneously.Thermistor and power tube are posted in sample bubble surface, for its temperature being controlled near 65 degree.Solenoid coil provides B=24 μ T magnetic field for sample bubble on the direction of propagation along light, for atom and light action provide quantization axle.The interference of magnetic shielding bucket shielding environmental magnetic field to system.As shown in Figure 8.
Optical detection device: formed the PDA36A that model is Thorlabs by photoelectric cell.
Switch the method that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock, the steps include:
Opertaing device is exported analog voltage by programmed control, turns the electric current of current circuit stable output through superpotential, using this circuit as current source.The output of the first microwave source and the second microwave source is connected to single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), the control signal of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) is produced by opertaing device, the microwave frequency of wherein setting the first microwave source output is Δ f/2, the microwave frequency of the second microwave source output is 3GHz, the microwave power of the first microwave source and the output of the second microwave source is respectively 7dBm and 3dBm, wherein the output power of the first microwave source is regulated and is obtained by observation Doppler absorption peak, and the duration of oscillation adjusting that the output power of the second microwave source is switched moment light inspection signal by observation obtains.The microwave of the electric current of current source output and single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) output is coupled by direct current biasing device Bias-Tee, obtains the electric current through microwave amplitude modulation, the input using this electric current as VCSEL.When the microwave of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) output comes from the output of the first microwave source, VCSEL sends polygon band linearly polarized light, VCSEL output frequency (f when its centre frequency is the electric current independent role VCSEL of current source output 0), sideband spacing is the output frequency of the first microwave source, and sideband amplitude meets Bessel's function form, and selecting modulation index is 1.6, makes positive and negative first order side band luminous power maximum.Positive and negative first order side band frequency (f wherein 0+ Δ f/2, f 0-Δ f/2) in approximate corresponding diagram 2 by 87single-photon transition frequency (f in the three-lever system that the D1 line of Rb atom forms 1, f 2), the difference on the frequency approximately equal of difference on the frequency and atomic ground state two hyperfine energy levels.When the microwave of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) output comes from the output of the second microwave source, VCSEL sends polygon band linearly polarized light equally, but positive and negative first order side band frequency (f 0+ 3GHz, f 0-3GHz) departed from single-photon transition frequency (f 1, f 2), now atom can not be prepared into CPT state, and because switching moment microwave power does not have acute variation, the vibration of optical maser wavelength is obviously less simultaneously.VCSEL Output of laser polarization direction regulates to produce required circularly polarized laser by λ/4 wave plate.
The circular polarization two-color laser that the positive and negative first order side band of circularly polarized laser forms and alkali metal atom absorb bubble and interact, and by optical detection device, detect transmitted light intensity.Opertaing device scans the output current of current source by program, thus the centre frequency (f of the circularly polarized laser that change VCSEL sends 0), when the microwave of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) output comes from the output of the first microwave source, by optical detection device, obtain the Doppler absorption peak of alkali metal atom to laser absorption, as shown in Figure 3.After having scanned, the output current of current source is fixed on to maximum absorption band corresponding current I 0place.For the output current of current source being locked in to the electric current I that maximum absorption band is corresponding 0place, continues to feed back to this output current, and concrete grammar is the audio modulation signal of a 90nA-110nA of superposeing on this output current, transmitted light intensity is carried out to demodulation simultaneously, obtains the first order derivative signal that Doppler's absorption peak is corresponding, as shown in Figure 3.According to this signal, electric current is exported and carried out continuous feedback, when derivative signal is less than zero, mean current ratio I 0little, now increase the output current of current source, when being greater than zero, derivative signal means current ratio I 0greatly, now reduce the output current of current source, make by this method the output current of current source all the time corresponding to maximum absorption band place.
Opertaing device output control signal is controlled single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), and the microwave frequency of modulating current is switched between the output of the first microwave source and the output of the second microwave source.The gating pulse sequential of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) as shown in Figure 4, τ wherein 1and τ 2time period switch is communicated with the first microwave source and VCSEL, and T and T ' time period switch are communicated with microwave source 2 and VCSEL.At τ 1interior atom is prepared into CPT state, in T due to the frequency of the frequency departure first microwave source output of the second microwave source output, the circularly polarized laser of VCSEL output not with atomic interaction, the free relaxation of atom.As shown in Figure 4, the direct impulse cycle is T 0, comprising two direct impulses, each direct impulse cycle is at τ 2in the incipient time, survey the size of transmitted light intensity, direct impulse length is τ d.In each direct impulse cycle, finally arranged the eliminating coherence time of T ', for eliminating prepared by twice CPT state of a detect cycle relevant.Corresponding two direct impulse cycles of detect cycle.
Opertaing device is controlled the output of the first microwave source and is carried out 2FSK modulation, the HFS of first direct impulse cycle microwave frequency stack 2FSK modulation of each detect cycle, the low frequency part of second direct impulse cycle microwave frequency stack 2FSK modulation of each detect cycle, after a detect cycle finishes, increase the output frequency of first microwave source.In first pulse detection cycle of detect cycle, gather τ 2in the incipient time, survey the size of light intensity, the length of direct impulse is τ d, in second pulse detection cycle at same detect cycle, gather equally τ 2the pulse length starting is τ ddetection light intensity magnitude, respectively by twice τ dthe average filtering afterwards of a plurality of data inside collecting, obtains Ramsey-CPT signal, as Fig. 5, by the Ramsey-CPT signal subtraction obtaining in two direct impulse cycles, can obtain the first order derivative of Ramsey-CPT signal.The output frequency of the first microwave source is locked in to the peak value place of Ramsey-CPT central peak, now microwave output frequency accurately equals half of alkali metal atom ground state two hyperfine energy level differences.After microwave frequency locking, according to the variation of the first order derivative of Ramsey-CPT signal, microwave frequency is fed back.By to the locking of microwave frequency and feedback, realized the stable frequency output of atomic clock.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention utilizes microwave periodic on-off modulation VCSEL to realize the patent of invention of Ramsey-CPT atomic clock before having improved, by switching microwave frequency, reduce to change the vibration of the VCSEL Output of laser frequency causing because microwave on-off causes microwave power, obtain the better Ramsey-CPT signal of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), thereby realizability can better atomic clock.
2, compare the passive-type CPT atomic clock scheme of current routine, the present invention, without physical system being done to the change in any light path, only need simply adjust servo circuit, thereby can realize chip-scale CPT atomic clock.
3, the calculating function that data acquisition module is equipped with in utilization, by the whole digitizings of data processing and visual, can be carried out control command quickly with higher dirigibility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention principle schematic;
Wherein: 1-opertaing device, 2-single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), 3-the first microwave source, 4-the second microwave source, 5-voltage turns current circuit, 6-Bias-Tee(current offset device), 7-laser generator, 8-Atomic absorption bubble, 9-optical detection device.
Fig. 2 is the three-level structural drawing of alkali metal atom;
Wherein: | 1>, | 2> is alkali metal atom ground state hyperfine structure energy level, | 3> is alkali metal atom excited level, ω 1for | 1>, | 3> energy level transition spectral line, f 1corresponding jump frequency, ω 2for | 2>, | 3> energy level transition spectral line, f 2corresponding jump frequency, f 0=(f 1+ f 2)/2, Δ f=f 1-f 2.
Fig. 3 is 87doppler absorption peak spectral line and the first order derivative thereof of Rb atom pair 795nm laser.
Fig. 4 comprises that opertaing device triggers sequential to the control sequential of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), current modulated sequential, microwave modulation signal sequential, data sampling time sequence and microwave;
Wherein: T 0for single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) control signal cycle, τ 1and τ 2for the duration that the first microwave source is connected in single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) output, the duration that microwave source B is connected in T ＇ and the output of T single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), τ cand τ drespectively corresponding current direct impulse and microwave sounding pulse, t is current modulated duration significantly and by a small margin, I modfor the depth of modulation of current modulated, f moddepth of modulation for the 2FSK modulation of microwave source A.
Fig. 5 utilizes microwave frequency to switch the Ramsey-CPT signal of realizing;
Fig. 6 is the principle schematic that voltage turns current circuit;
Wherein: Vin is input voltage, Iout is the electric current after conversion;
Fig. 7 is the principle schematic of laser generator;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of Atomic absorption bubble;
Fig. 9 is that the present invention examines signal at the vibration situation schematic diagram that switches moment with the light of periodicity break-make microwave scheme, has reflected optical maser wavelength variation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Switch the device that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock, comprising:
Opertaing device 1, single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2, two microwave sources (the first microwave source 3 and the second microwave source 4), voltages turn current circuit 5, Bias-Tee6, laser generator 7, Atomic absorption bubble 8, optical detection device 9.Described opertaing device 1 comprises the computing machine that data acquisition module is housed, and computing machine is connected with the pci interface of data acquisition module by computing machine.Described laser generator 7 comprises VCSEL, 1/4 slide and the attemperating unit with thermistor and TEC.Described voltage turns current circuit 5 and comprises operational amplifier OPA378, precision resistance and accurate electric capacity.Described Atomic absorption bubble 8 comprises sample bubble, solenoid coil, magnetic shielding bucket and attemperating unit.
As shown in the figure: the signal output part of opertaing device 1 turns the input end of current circuit 5, the trigger end of the control end of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2, the first microwave source 3 is connected with voltage respectively.Opertaing device 1 turns current circuit 5 by voltage and produces the luminous required electric current of supply VCSEL, produces the control sequential of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2 and the output of control the first microwave source 3.The output terminal of the first microwave source 3 and the second microwave source 4 is connected with two input ends of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) respectively, and the output terminal that the electric current of Bias-Tee6 and microwave input end turn current circuit 5 with voltage is respectively connected with the output terminal of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2.Bias-Tee6 is coupled the microwave of the electric current of generation and microwave source output, and output is connected with the input of laser generator 7, and the laser of laser generator 7 outputs is through being incident to optical detection device 9 after Atomic absorption bubble 8.Optical detection device 9 is surveyed through the laser intensity after Atomic absorption bubble 8 and (is about 1.3mW/cm 2), light signal is converted to voltage signal.Opertaing device 1 carries out data processing by the voltage signal of data collecting module collected optical detection device 9 outputs.
Switch the method that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, laser generator 7 and Atomic absorption bubble 8 is carried out to temperature control, the temperature of VCSEL is controlled at 40 degree, and the temperature of Atomic absorption bubble is controlled at 65 degree.To solenoid coil, pass into 2mA electric current, for sample bubble provides B=24 μ T magnetic field on the direction of propagation along laser.
Step 2, light path is adjusted.Open opertaing device 1, the first microwave source 3, the second microwave source 4, single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2, voltage and turn current circuit 5, optical detection device 9.Opertaing device 1 is exported analog voltage by data acquisition module, turns current circuit 5 be converted to electric current afterwards by voltage, and wherein opertaing device 1 is exported fixed voltage 3.24V, and the ratio that voltage turns current circuit is 2.7V/mA, thereby output fixed current is 1.2mA.Regulate the angle of λ/4 wave plate, become circularly polarized light after making laser by λ/4 wave plate.
Step 3, opertaing device output control signal are controlled single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), and the microwave frequency of modulating current is switched between the output of the first microwave source and the output of the second microwave source.The gating pulse sequential of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) as shown in Figure 4, τ wherein 1and τ 2time period switch is communicated with the first microwave source and VCSEL, and T and T ' time period switch are communicated with the second microwave source 4 and VCSEL.At τ 1interior atom is prepared into CPT state, in T due to the frequency of the frequency departure first microwave source output of the second microwave source output, the circularly polarized light of VCSEL output not with atomic interaction, the free relaxation of atom.As shown in Figure 4, each direct impulse cycle is at τ 2in the incipient time, survey the size of transmitted light intensity, direct impulse length is τ d.In each direct impulse cycle, finally arranged the eliminating coherence time of T ', for eliminating prepared by twice CPT state of a detect cycle relevant.Corresponding two direct impulse cycles of detect cycle.
Step 4, the first microwave source 3 output frequencies are set is 3.417GHz, and output power is 7dBm, and the second microwave source 4 output frequencies are 3GHHz, and the duration of oscillation that output power is switched moment light inspection signal by observation is fixed as 3dBm.Opertaing device 1 output is controlled sequential (as shown in Figure 4) to single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2, and makes the electric current that is coupled to VCSEL be scan pattern, and wherein single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) is controlled each time span of sequential T ＇, τ 1, T and τ 2be followed successively by 10ms, 2ms, 1ms and 4.5ms, gallon pulse length τ c(the τ shown in Fig. 4 c) be 2ms, to the current scanning of current source output, scope is 0.9mA to 1.5mA, current modulated significantly and by a small margin the duration is the t shown in 2ms(Fig. 4), depth of modulation is the I shown in 100nA(Fig. 4 mod).1 pair of sequential of opertaing device is carried out synchro control, and each detect cycle gathers gallon pulse length τ twice ccorresponding signal, twice detectable signal is average after filtering can obtain Doppler absorption peak, due to the output current modulation signal that superposeed, twice detectable signal subtracted each other, can obtain the first order derivative of Doppler absorption peak, as shown in Figure 3.First order derivative by Doppler absorption peak is locked in the residing position of maximum absorption band by electric current, afterwards by electric current being continued to feedback lock current.
Step 5, treat electric current locking after, the scan pattern that the first microwave source 3 is output as stack 2FSK modulation is set, wherein depth of modulation (the f shown in Fig. 4 of 2FSK modulation mod) be 160Hz, a microwave equates and synchronizes with two control sequential cycles of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) 2 modulation period, the sweep limit of microwave frequency is 3.4173385GHz-3.4173485GHz, number of scan points 1000 points, each analyzing spot duration equates with a detect cycle and Synchronizing Control Devices 1 gathers former and later two 0.1ms direct impulse length (τ shown in Fig. 4 by optical detection device d) corresponding signal, after twice image data is average, filtering can obtain Ramsey-CPT signal, as shown in Figure 5, the output of the first microwave source 3 is simultaneously superimposed with 2FSK modulation, asks difference can obtain the differential signal of Ramsey-CPT signal twice image data.Wherein the data acquisition rate of opertaing device 1 is 1MHz, and resolution is 24.
Step 6, according to the differential signal of Ramsey-CPT signal, the output frequency of the first microwave source 3 can be locked in to the peak of Ramsey-CPT signal and continue feedback, now the output frequency of the first microwave source 3 is accurately corresponding 87half of the hyperfine energy level difference on the frequency of Rb atomic ground state two, so far atomic clock is realized closed loop locking.
The atomic clock that this scheme realizes, has overcome periodically break-make microwave scheme and has caused the sudden change of input laser power, causes Output of laser oscillation wavelength problem.As shown in Figure 9, take start time in each direct impulse cycle is initial time zero, light is examined the signal amplitude oscillatory regime of moment when microwave switches, known this programme does not have to produce larger fluctuation at switching moment light inspection signal, and periodically break-make microwave scheme, in the amplitude of microwave break-make moment light inspection signal, larger fluctuation has occurred.Therefore this scheme has solved the break-make moment optical maser wavelength oscillation problem that periodically break-make microwave scheme causes, and can realize the more excellent atomic clock of performance.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. switch the device that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock, comprise Atomic absorption bubble (8), it is characterized in that, also comprise
Single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) (2), is connected with the second microwave source (4) with the first microwave source (3) respectively;
Opertaing device (1), arrives Bias-Tee(6 for control the output signal of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) (2) switching the first microwave source (3) and the second microwave source (4) according to scheduled timing), for controlling voltage, turn current circuit (5) output current signal;
Bias-Tee(6), for the output signal of controlling voltage and turn current circuit (5) output current signal and the first microwave source (3) or the second microwave source (4) is coupled and outputs to laser generator (7);
Laser generator (7), according to Bias-Tee(6) signal of output produces laser and incides Atomic absorption bubble (8);
Optical detection device (9), outputs to opertaing device for converting the light signal that incides Atomic absorption bubble (8) laser afterwards to electric signal.
2. a kind of device that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock that switches according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described laser generator (7) comprises VCSEL, for controlling the first temperature controller of VCSEL temperature and being placed on 1/4 slide of the laser emitting direction of VCSEL.
3. a kind of device that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock that switches according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Atomic absorption bubble (8) comprises sample bubble, for the second temperature controller of Quality control bubble temperature, be arranged on sample bubble external magnetic shielding cylinder and be arranged on sample and steep outside solenoid coil.
4. a kind of device that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock that switches according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the frequency of described the second microwave source (4) output is 3GHz.
5. utilize device described in claim 1 to realize a method for Ramsey-CPT atomic clock, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, the temperature of controlling the VCSEL in laser generator 7 are 40 degree, and the temperature of controlling Atomic absorption bubble is 65 degree, for Atomic absorption bubble is along B=24 μ T magnetic field is provided in laser propagation direction;
Step 2, corresponding two the continuous direct impulse cycle T of detect cycle 0, each direct impulse cycle T 0according to time order and function order, be divided into successively continuous 4 time period T ', τ 1, T and τ 2, τ wherein 1and τ 2time period switch is communicated with the first microwave source (3) and Bias-Tee(6), and T and T ' time period switch are communicated with the second microwave source (4) and Bias-Tee(6),
Step 3, make voltage turn the reference current in the preset range that current circuit (5) exports successively, and at twice τ with a detect cycle 2in, make voltage turn current circuit (5) stack+I successively mod/ 2 and-I mod/ 2 electric current, I modfor the depth of modulation of current modulated, the stack time is t, and gathers superposeed+I of detectable signal by optical detection device (9) mod/ 2 and-I moddetectable signal after/2, acquisition time is τ c, and subtract each other by twice detectable signal the first order derivative that obtains Doppler absorption peak, the reference current in traversal preset range,
The electric current that voltage is turned to current circuit (5) output is locked in the residing position of maximum absorption band,
2FSK modulation is carried out in the output of step 4, control the first microwave source (3), the HFS of first direct impulse cycle microwave frequency stack 2FSK modulation of each detect cycle, the low frequency part of second direct impulse cycle microwave frequency stack 2FSK modulation of each detect cycle, after a detect cycle finishes, increase the output frequency of first microwave source, and at twice τ with a detect cycle 2in by optical detection device (9), gather detectable signal, acquisition time is τ d, and subtract each other by twice detectable signal the first order derivative that obtains Ramsey-CPT signal, by first order derivative, the output frequency of the first microwave source is locked in to the peak value place of Ramsey-CPT central peak.
6. a kind of method that microwave frequency realizes Ramsey-CPT atomic clock of switching according to claim 5, is characterized in that described T 0for 17.5ms, T ' are 10ms, τ 1for 2ms, T are 1ms and τ 2for 4.5ms, t are 2ms, I modfor the depth of modulation f in 100nA, 2FSK modulation modfor 160Hz.
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CN105467821A (en) * 2015-12-01 2016-04-06 北京无线电计量测试研究所 Physical system of coherent population trapping atomic clock
CN104317185B (en) * 2014-11-21 2016-08-24 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 A kind of method and device obtaining Ramsey-CPT spectrum
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CN115097711A (en) * 2022-05-24 2022-09-23 电子科技大学 Cesium atomic clock microwave signal power stabilizing system based on cesium atomic ratiometric resonance

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CN105372981A (en) * 2015-12-04 2016-03-02 兰州空间技术物理研究所 Caesium CPT atomic clock physical system
CN106290299A (en) * 2016-08-04 2017-01-04 北京华泰诺安探测技术有限公司 A kind of polarization diversity polarization Raman probe and optical spectrum detecting method
CN107483050A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-12-15 西安空间无线电技术研究所 A kind of steady switching system of atomic clock based on real time technique for tracking
CN107483050B (en) * 2017-07-12 2021-03-26 西安空间无线电技术研究所 Atomic clock stable switching system based on real-time tracking technology
CN111044954A (en) * 2019-12-19 2020-04-21 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Multimodal closed-loop non-directional blind area CPT magnetic measurement method
CN111044954B (en) * 2019-12-19 2022-04-12 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Multimodal closed-loop non-directional blind area CPT magnetic measurement method
CN111044943A (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-04-21 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Multi-spectrum closed-loop locking method and system for CPT magnetometer
CN111044943B (en) * 2019-12-24 2022-04-19 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Multi-spectrum closed-loop locking method and system for CPT magnetometer
CN115097711A (en) * 2022-05-24 2022-09-23 电子科技大学 Cesium atomic clock microwave signal power stabilizing system based on cesium atomic ratiometric resonance
CN115097711B (en) * 2022-05-24 2023-03-07 电子科技大学 Cesium atomic clock microwave signal power stabilizing system based on cesium atomic ratiometric resonance

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