CN101694921A - Semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system - Google Patents
Semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101694921A CN101694921A CN200910236119A CN200910236119A CN101694921A CN 101694921 A CN101694921 A CN 101694921A CN 200910236119 A CN200910236119 A CN 200910236119A CN 200910236119 A CN200910236119 A CN 200910236119A CN 101694921 A CN101694921 A CN 101694921A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system, which belongs to the field of laser frequency-sweeping interferometery. The frequency stabilizing system consists of a non-mode-hopping frequency scanning semiconductor laser, an all-fiber reference interferometer, a high-finesse fiber ring resonator and a data acquisition processing and controlling system. In the semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system, the all-fiber reference interferometer is used for monitoring frequency changes of an external-cavity semiconductor laser, and frequency of the laser is stabilized to be equal to resonance frequency of the fiber ring resonator by using a feed back method when the laser frequency approaches resonance frequency of the fiber ring resonator after scanning. The semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high precision and fine stabilizing degree and is adaptable to laser frequency-sweeping interferometering systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of frequency stabilization of semiconductor laser system based on optical fiber and optical fibre device, mainly be to use the Pound-Drever-Hall Frequency Stabilization Technique that changes based on optic fiber ring-shaped cavity transmission light field, and, reach the purpose of frequency stabilization in conjunction with the frequency scanning that reference interferometer comes monitoring laser.This technology mainly is to be used for high-precision laser interferometry field.
Background technology
Utilize the interference pattern of laser to carry out the focus that the high accuracy absolute distance measurement becomes research in recent years, wherein modal is exactly frequency scanning interference method (FSI) and frequency modulation continuous wave method (FMCW).Wherein frequency sweep method utilizes the phase change of the formed interference fringe of laser frequency continuous sweep to finish laser ranging, and for the mould 2 π characteristics of eliminating phase place, the laser frequency scanning process must guarantee not have the continuous sweep that mould is jumped.And the frequency modulation continuous wave method is to use laser frequency continuous sweep to finish the process of laser ranging through the beat signal frequency that forms after the light path of different length.No matter be that the scope that FSI and FMCW need accurately laser frequency to be scanned two ends is stabilized in a fixed value, could guarantee the precision of measuring.
Present existing laser frequency stabiliz ation method has: as standard stabilized lasers frequency, but be difficult to reach very high stability with gain curve; Utilize Zeemen effect or Stark effect stabilized lasers frequency, stability can reach 10
-9Utilize atom and molecule absorption line stabilized lasers frequency, frequency stability is up to 10
-1310
-14But the limited coverage area of spectral line is difficult to find two suitable spectral lines to be used for two end points of stabilized frequency scanning; Utilize sideband frequency locking technology frequency locking, with the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity as standard frequency, advantage is the restriction that is not subjected to wave band, and the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity can be accomplished very high fineness, shortcoming is exactly that the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity must be put in the vacuum tank to reduce temperature, sound, to reach the influence that vibrations bring, this just makes its weight bigger, and use cost is very high, and the vacuum tank effect descends along with the prolongation of time easily; The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is very responsive to vibrations in addition, and satellite will stand huge vibrations and acceleration in emission process, and these situations have all influenced the precision of Fabry-Perot resonant cavity.
The operating characteristic of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity and Fabry-Perot resonant cavity are closely similar, in the communications field, optic fiber ring-shaped cavity is used for doing the filter of wdm system widely at present, and its free spectral limit can be adjusted, for compensate for losses, the Active Optical Fiber annular chamber has also appearred.Along with improving constantly of processing technology, it is very narrow that the live width of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity can be done, as far back as 1988, China Tsing-Hua University just produced fineness up to 1260, live width reaches the passive fiber annular chamber of 270kHz.Along with the fineness of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity improves constantly, its filtering characteristic is become better and better, and uses also extensive day by day.
Summary of the invention
The light source that the semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system that the present invention proposes uses is that frequency adjustable does not have the external-cavity semiconductor laser that mould is jumped, reference interferometer is used to monitor the frequency change of laser, output frequency to laser is adjusted, when laser during near the resonant cavity of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity, start the Pound-Drever-Hall system, utilize the transmission signal of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity the two ends of laser frequency to be stabilized in two resonance frequencys in chamber.The present invention is the improvement to the conventional laser Frequency Stabilization Technique, and first optic fiber ring-shaped cavity is used for laser steady frequency technology.
In the present invention, system's various piece is described as follows:
(1) light-source system: laser adopts the frequency adjustable external-cavity semiconductor laser, can be by piezoelectricity and its laser output frequency of electric current input control.Laser enters one 1 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber coupler after the output of the tail optical fiber of laser and is divided into two bundle laser, wherein a branch of reference interferometer that enters, a branch of in addition optic fiber ring-shaped cavity that enters.If the output of laser is not optical fiber output, then need laser beam is carried out shaping and is coupled into polarization maintaining optical fibre to be connected to the frequency stabilization system of back through coupler.
(2) reference interferometer: reference interferometer is used for the variation of monitoring laser frequency, and helps to seek the resonance point of frequency, to cooperate optic fiber ring-shaped cavity locking laser frequency.It is made up of a nonequilibrium full optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and it has two not isometric fiber optic interferometric arms, can calculate the variation of laser frequency after the phase change process of its output intensity is separated and twined.And two the optical path difference of fiber optic interferometric arm is big more, and the monitoring accuracy that laser frequency changes is high more.
(3) high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity frequency lock: this method adopts the Pound-Drever-Hall method with the frequency stabilization of the laser resonance frequency at the high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity, this part mainly by: electrooptic modulator, high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity and temperature stabilization equipment, PDH integrated circuit board, amplifier, LC oscillating circuit and detector are formed.
(4) data acquisition process and control system: data acquisition process and control system mainly are the signal that reference interferometer and PDH obtain to be carried out forming feedback signal after the acquisition process frequency scanning of laser is controlled, and this part is mainly finished by high performance dsp system.
(5) single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is all adopted in the connection of optical device in the system, to guarantee the polarization characteristic of laser.
Main characteristic of the present invention: use optical fiber reference interferometer and optic fiber ring-shaped cavity to control the laser frequency stabilization, system is small volume and less weight more, has strengthened antijamming capability.Whole optical system all adopts optical fibre device, and single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is all used in all optical device connections, has reduced the loss of system, makes the integrated convenient simple and stable of system.
Benefit of the present invention and application prospect: the present invention is by the research of noise spectra of semiconductor lasers all-fiber frequency stabilizing system, for laser frequency sweep, frequency stabilization provide a kind of new effective ways, can be applicable to following field: the development of measurement of (1) laser frequency scanning interferometer and the super narrow line segment single frequency laser of other sensor field (2); The fields higher such as (3) optical communication, laser frequency demarcation, laser radar to the laser radar frequency stability requirement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system block diagram.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system block diagram, and the laser that frequency adjustable external-cavity semiconductor laser (1) is sent at first is divided into two bundles through 1 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber coupler (9-1) with laser.Wherein a branch of optical fiber reference interferometer (7) that enters, be used for the variation of monitoring laser frequency, it earlier is divided into two bundles with laser by 1 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber coupler of 3dB, enters the two-beam that 2 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber couplers of 3dB interfere the output back to form then behind the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber through two different lengths and is respectively by force: P
1=P
01-cos[φ (v)+x], P
2=P
01+cos[φ (v)+x], by photodetector (5-1) and (5-2) be converted to and enter DSP (4) behind the signal of telecommunication and carry out phase unwrapping and handle the variation that calculates laser frequency, and by the piezoelectric ceramic control laser frequency scanning of DSP (4) output signal control laser (1).The other beam of laser of fiber coupler (9-1) output enters the frequency lock part, light utilizes PDH (3) the resonance frequency of laser scanning frequency stabilization in optic fiber ring-shaped cavity (6) by electrooptic modulator (2), wherein the output transmission signal of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity (6) is divided into two bundles through 1 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, a branch of through entering PDH (3) formation frequency stabilization control signal behind the photodetector (5-4), a branch of in addition through directly entering DSP as the threshold values signal behind the photodetector (5-3), seek the resonance frequency of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity.Frequency stabilization control signal part by PDH (3) output forms voltage control signal by DSP (4), and the piezoelectric ceramic of process laser (1) carries out low-frequency frequency stabilization control; A part directly is converted to current controling signal through analog circuit and enters the Current Control input of laser (1) as high-frequency frequency stabilization control in addition.By said process, the output frequency of laser (1) will lock onto the resonance frequency of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity (6).
Claims (8)
1. semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system is characterized in that: described semiconductor laser all-fiber frequency stabilizing system comprises frequency scanning semiconductor laser, full optical fiber reference interferometer, high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity and data acquisition process and control system; Described no mould frequency hopping rate scanning semiconductor laser carries out frequency scanning, and the laser of launching is divided into two bundles through 1 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber coupler; Wherein beam of laser twines the variation of monitoring laser frequency through described full optical fiber reference interferometer by the phase place of output interference light intensity is carried out continuous solution; Beam of laser enters described optic fiber ring-shaped cavity in addition, under the detection of full optical fiber reference interferometer, when laser frequency during near the resonance frequency of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity, use feedback method with the frequency stabilization of laser in the resonance frequency of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity.
2. according to claim 1, the frequency adjustable external-cavity semiconductor laser that the frequency scanning semiconductor laser adopts no mould to jump, it is characterized in that: the type laser has very big no mould frequency hopping rate sweep limits, can under the rotation of diffraction grating, realize the frequency adjustment of dozens or even hundreds of GHz, can be by piezoelectricity and its laser output frequency of electric current input control.
3. according to claim 1, full optical fiber reference interferometer is used for monitoring the frequency change of laser, form by non-equilibrium Mach-Zehnder fibre optic interferometer, it is characterized in that: 1 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber coupler of laser process 3dB is divided into two bundle laser, obtains two bundle output light signals after interfering through 2 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber couplers that enter a 3dB behind the different single-mode polarization maintaining fiber of length respectively; Wherein the length difference of two single-mode polarization maintaining fibers is accurately measured.
4. according to claim 1, the high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity is used for its resonance frequency place of frequency stabilization of laser be is characterized in that: the high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity is made up of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber of one 2 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber coupler and certain-length; Single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is connected to an input from an output of 2 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber couplers, forms optic fiber ring-shaped cavity.
5. according to claim 4,2 * 2 directed polarization-maintaining fiber couplers of described high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity is characterized in that: have the live width that extremely low loss and very high coupling coefficient reduce optic fiber ring-shaped cavity.
6. according to claim 1, use feedback method with the frequency stabilization of laser in the resonance frequency of high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity, it is characterized in that: use the Pound-Drever-Hall method to obtain feedback signal and be input to the frequency scanning semiconductor laser the resonance frequency of laser frequency stabilization at the high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity.
7. according to claim 6, described Pound-Drever-Hall method is characterized in that: use oscillator, electric frequency mixer, tunable phase shift device, low pass filter and amplifier that the outgoing signal of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity is handled, obtain feedback signal and be input to the exocoel tuneable semiconductor laser.
8. according to claim 1, data acquisition process and control system use DSP to realize, it is characterized in that: the signal that comes from full optical fiber reference interferometer and high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity is handled the back form feedback signal, through the piezoelectricity and the electric current input of PID control laser, the frequency stabilization that makes laser is in the resonance frequency of high-fineness optic fiber ring-shaped cavity.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102353523A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-02-15 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Measuring device of noise characteristics of laser |
| CN102440762A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-05-09 | 深圳沃夫特影像技术有限公司 | Method and system for stabilizing frequency by interference phase parameter calibration feedback regulation and control |
| CN103078241A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-05-01 | 山西大学 | All-optical-fiber laser noise filtering device |
| CN103176173A (en) * | 2013-02-16 | 2013-06-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Non-linear correction method for LFMCW (linear frequency modulated continuous wave) laser radar frequency modulation based on optical fiber sampling technology |
| CN103534962A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-01-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical frequency supervising device |
| CN104319623A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Ultra-narrow linewidth semiconductor laser unit based on polarization feedback |
| CN104979750A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | All-fiber semiconductor laser device frequency stabilizing unit |
| CN113783077A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-10 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Frequency-stabilized photoelectric oscillator |
-
2009
- 2009-10-27 CN CN200910236119A patent/CN101694921A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102353523B (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2013-04-10 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Measuring device of noise characteristics of laser |
| CN102353523A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-02-15 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Measuring device of noise characteristics of laser |
| CN102440762B (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2014-03-26 | 深圳市中科微光医疗器械技术有限公司 | Method and system for stabilizing frequency by interference phase parameter calibration feedback regulation and control |
| CN102440762A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-05-09 | 深圳沃夫特影像技术有限公司 | Method and system for stabilizing frequency by interference phase parameter calibration feedback regulation and control |
| CN103078241A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-05-01 | 山西大学 | All-optical-fiber laser noise filtering device |
| CN103078241B (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2015-05-13 | 山西大学 | All-optical-fiber laser noise filtering device |
| CN103176173A (en) * | 2013-02-16 | 2013-06-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Non-linear correction method for LFMCW (linear frequency modulated continuous wave) laser radar frequency modulation based on optical fiber sampling technology |
| CN103176173B (en) * | 2013-02-16 | 2014-07-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Non-linear correction method for LFMCW (linear frequency modulated continuous wave) laser radar frequency modulation based on optical fiber sampling technology |
| CN103534962A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-01-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical frequency supervising device |
| WO2014194507A1 (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-12-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical frequency monitoring device |
| CN103534962B (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2016-08-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Light frequency supervising device |
| CN104319623A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Ultra-narrow linewidth semiconductor laser unit based on polarization feedback |
| CN104979750A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | All-fiber semiconductor laser device frequency stabilizing unit |
| CN104979750B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-11-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | All-fiber frequency stabilizing device of semiconductor laser |
| CN113783077A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-10 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Frequency-stabilized photoelectric oscillator |
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Open date: 20100414 |