CN103633431B - Low section three is adjustable antenna frequently - Google Patents
Low section three is adjustable antenna frequently Download PDFInfo
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- CN103633431B CN103633431B CN201310660781.2A CN201310660781A CN103633431B CN 103633431 B CN103633431 B CN 103633431B CN 201310660781 A CN201310660781 A CN 201310660781A CN 103633431 B CN103633431 B CN 103633431B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low section three adjustable antenna frequently, underarm on distortion fractal dipole is printed respectively on upper and lower two surfaces of first medium substrate, symmetrical about this substrate level center line, single order radiating element is connected with dual feed microstrip line and extends to medium substrate edge, every rank radiating element connects each self-corresponding direct current biasing line having accessed inductance, with rectangular patch summit inside second order and the radiation patch in three rank radiating elements is connected and forms respective radiating element, load a PIN switch in the middle of each adjacent rank radiating element and carry out frequency-adjustable.First medium substrate is placed on second medium substrate is separated by with cystosepiment, and the EBG unit of periodic arrangement is printed on second layer medium substrate to improve antenna gain.The invention solves the problem that antenna is difficult in the adjustable realization of high frequency treatment, directional diagram is unstable and section is higher, can realize, in the frequently adjustable antenna performance of high frequency X, Ku, Ka wave band low section three, can be applicable to radio communication and satellite communication.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology field, relate to low section frequency adaptable antennas technology, in particular to a kind of design of three frequency adjustable antennas of high frequency X, Ku, Ka wave band, specifically a kind of low section three adjustable antenna frequently, can be applied to radio communication and satellite communication system.
Background technology
Along with the development of radio communication, antenna is more remarkable for the importance of whole communication equipment, has low section, and the antenna of the characteristics such as high-gain and enough bandwidth will be also trend and the requirement of communication system development.Simultaneously along with the increase of communication system functionality, the antenna amount that each carrier carries gets more and more, the weight of institute's load also increases thereupon, and due to spatial limitation, the placement of multiple antenna will affect each antenna performance even operating characteristic of whole system, and Electro Magnetic Compatibility becomes an important problem.Under such circumstances, reconfigurable antenna obtains more development.
This concept of reconfigurable antenna is proposed in " Frequency Agile, Polarization Diverse Microstrip Antenna and Frequency Scanned Arrays " patent by people such as D.Schaubert nineteen eighty-three the earliest.The switch used at the reconfigurable antenna of present stage research mainly contains PIN switch and mems switch, and mems switch is easy to use, but costly, the domestic preparation to it is simultaneously not very ripe.And the research of PIN switch is comparatively ripe, price is lower simultaneously, but needs to load DC voltage difference on the both sides of switch, carrys out the break-make of control switch with this.PIN switch loads DC bias circuit and often forms impact to the various characteristics of antenna, operating frequency of antenna may be caused to offset, pattern distortion, the problems such as gain reduction.Present stage, reconfigurable antenna mainly concentrated on the communication band of microwave band, the reconfigurable antenna development of the high frequency bands such as satellite communication is little, mainly due to the restriction of designing technique, and the difficulty preparing high frequency antenna is comparatively large, the reasons such as the selection of duplexer is simultaneously less.Therefore simplicity of design, directional diagram is stablized and the design of high frequency adjustable antenna of high-gain becomes a focus and difficult point.
To sum up, current reconfigurable antenna is faced with three problems, and 1. adjustable frequency mainly concentrates on the low-frequency bands such as WLAN, is applicable to high frequency X, Ku wave band even satellite antenna of Ka wave band less.2. the selection of switch, the using method of PIN switch is more ripe, but the design of direct current biasing line is larger on antenna impact when loading PIN switch on antenna, mems switch is easy-to-use, but develop not mature enough to mems switch preparation method, costly, through engineering approaches uses existing problems simultaneously.3. the requirement of antenna high-gain cannot be met under the condition of low section.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is directed at radio communication and satellite communication to the demand of antenna and the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of low section, three adjustable, high-gain, the simple low section three of control adjustable antenna frequently frequently.
Above-mentioned purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention is a kind of low section three adjustable antenna frequently, include: first medium substrate, single order radiating element, Order Radiation unit, three rank radiating elements, dual feed microstrip line, second medium substrate, rhythmic EBG unit printed by second medium substrate, and EBG unit comprises the square patch of the side's of being etched with circumferential weld gap that second medium substrate upper strata is printed and the metal floor of second medium substrate lower floor printing, first medium substrate is placed on second medium substrate, cystosepiment is had to be separated by between two medium substrates, on first medium substrate, three radiating element longitudinal arrangements are printed on medium substrate two surfaces, on upper and lower two surfaces of first medium substrate, three respective radiating element common combinations are called dipole, the combination of three radiating element pasters of first medium upper surface of base plate is called dipole upper arm, the combination of three radiating element pasters of its lower surface is called dipole underarm, on dipole, underarm is symmetrical in first medium substrate level center line, single order radiating element comprises a radiation patch, Order Radiation unit comprises two radiation patch, three rank radiating elements comprise two radiation patch, the size of radiation patch is relevant to the resonance frequency of whole antenna, upper and lower two the surperficial single order radiating elements of first medium substrate are all connected with respective dual feed microstrip line, dual feed microstrip line extends to first medium substrate edge, low section three of the present invention frequently adjustable antenna also includes direct current biasing line and inductance, single order radiating element is connected with single order direct current biasing line, Order Radiation unit is connected with second-order DC offset line, three rank radiating elements are connected with three rank direct current biasing lines, radiating element of the present invention is on traditional Si erpinski fractal dipole basis, adopt the fractal dipole of distortion, namely summit electrical connection inside radiation patch in Order Radiation unit and three rank radiating elements is formed respective radiating element with rectangular patch by the fractal dipole of this distortion, on longitudinal arrangement center line, load a PIN switch between each adjacent rank radiating element carry out frequency-adjustable, the present invention only uses two groups of switches just can produce the adjustable of three kinds of frequencies.Every rank radiating element has connected each self-corresponding direct current biasing line, three groups of direct current biasing lines are connected to inductance separately, two groups of PIN switches by second-order DC offset line altogether, namely second-order DC offset line is the common land of two groups of PIN switch DC signals, single order direct current biasing line and three rank direct current biasing lines are respectively the positive pole of respective PIN switch DC signal, the present invention only needs three groups of direct current biasing lines to control respectively two groups of PIN switches, in the present invention when all PIN switches disconnect, single order radiating element produces Ka wave band place resonance frequency band.When PIN switch is communicated with between single order radiating element with Order Radiation unit, produce Ku frequency band place resonance frequency band.When all PIN switches are all in connected state, all radiation patch are electrically connected to each other, and produce X-band place resonance frequency band, realize X, Ku, Ka tri-frequently adjustable.The EBG unit of the periodic arrangement that second medium substrate is printed produces X, Ku frequency band homophase reflection characteristic, work with metallic reflection plate form at Ka frequency band simultaneously, after first medium substrate loads second medium substrate, on the basis that three frequencies are adjustable, antenna realizes low section, high gain characteristics.
Realization of the present invention is also: the radiation patch in the radiating element of each rank is triangle patch, single order radiating element is an equilateral triangle, Order Radiation unit is that two equilateral triangles are connected with rectangular patch and form, and three rank radiating elements are that two large equilateral triangle pasters of the little equilateral triangle of hollow out are connected with rectangular patch and form.Triangle patch is adopted to effectively reduce antenna size, simultaneously broadening Antenna Operation bandwidth.The length of side of triangle radiation patch is 1mm-3mm, can be adjusted the resonance frequency of each frequency band by the adjustment triangle radiation patch length of side.
Realization of the present invention is also: the radiation patch in each rank radiating element that first medium substrate is printed or for rectangle or for circular patch, all have the broadening beamwidth of antenna compared to conventional dipole, reduce the effect of antenna size, processing is simultaneously simple, cost is lower.
Realization of the present invention is also: between first medium substrate and second medium substrate, cystosepiment thickness is 1mm-3mm, dielectric constant is adopted to be the cystosepiment of 1, cystosepiment thickness determines two medium substrate spacing, regulates cystosepiment thickness to regulate antenna radiation characteristics.
Realization of the present invention is also: on second medium substrate, EBG unit paster etching gap width is 0.1-1mm.Adjustment gap width can change EBG unit homophase reflection characteristic.Utilize reflection characteristic in the same way to reduce antenna frequencies, improve antenna gain, reduce antenna backlobe simultaneously.
Realization of the present invention is also: on first medium substrate, direct current biasing inductance value that line connects is 0.1-1 μ H.The access of inductance can DC-offset correction line on the impact of antenna performance, make antenna produce stable directional diagram.
Realization of the present invention is also: the dielectric constant of first medium substrate and second medium substrate is all between 2-10, and change in dielectric constant affects the change of antenna electric size.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention adopts the fractal dipole of distortion, with rectangular patch, summit inside Order Radiation unit and the radiation patch in three rank radiating elements is connected, form Order Radiation unit and three rank radiating elements respectively, loading PIN switch is only needed to carry out frequency-adjustable between each adjacent rank radiating element, PIN number of switches compared with prior art reduces 50%, antenna size obtains reduction simultaneously, and impedance bandwidth is able to broadening.
2, the present invention adopts common ground two-way direct current biasing line, uses three groups of direct current biasing lines independently can control two groups of switches altogether, and antenna is regulated mutually in the high-frequency band that X, Ku, Ka these three is different.Compared with traditional adjustable antenna, direct current biasing line decreased number one tunnel.
3, second medium substrate of the present invention adopts the double frequency EBG structure of simplicity of design as reflecting plate, after the square patch side of the etching circumferential weld gap of periodic arrangement, produces the homophase reflection characteristic of X-band and Ku wave band with lower metal floor.Simultaneously when Ka wave band, second medium substrate is equivalent to metallic reflection plate.By loading second medium substrate under first medium substrate, antenna three resonance frequency band gains are all greatly improved, and directional diagram back lobe is effectively suppressed.Compared with traditional metallic reflection plate, second medium substrate and antenna distance are fixed, and antenna section is lower, and in three different working bands, the fore-and-aft distance of EBG unit and first medium substrate is all fixed as 2mm, much smaller than 1/4 traditional wavelength.
4, each rank direct current biasing lines access inductance of inventive antenna, effectively eliminates the impact of direct current biasing line on antenna radiation characteristics, and antenna is stablized at three different working band pattern characteristics.
5, the present invention adopts dual feed microstrip line to carry out feed to antenna, medium substrate upper strata microstrip line is the wide microstrip line of 0.4mm, medium substrate lower floor microstrip line is the gradual change microstrip line of one section of width from 0.4mm linear gradient to 2mm, such design can realize better impedance matching, broadening antenna impedance bandwidth.
6, flexible design of the present invention, according to the actual requirements by regulating the size of radiating element, can change adjustable frequency.Can, by increasing antenna radiation unit number, realize more multifrequency adjustable.Antenna cost is low simultaneously, processing is simple, be easy to through engineering approaches.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention, is also the front view of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the rearview of the first medium substrate of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the upward view of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 4, is also the front view of embodiment 4;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 5, is also the front view of embodiment 5;
Fig. 6 is the Ka frequency band emulation impedance characteristic figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 7 is that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is at Ku frequency band emulation impedance characteristic figure;
Fig. 8 is that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is at X-band emulation impedance characteristic figure;
Fig. 9 is the simulated radiation directional diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1 at 28GHz;
Figure 10 is the simulated radiation directional diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1 at 15GHz;
Figure 11 is the simulated radiation directional diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1 at 9.5GHz;
Figure 12 is the EBG unit reflected phase will analogous diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific implementation method:
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
Embodiment 1
Lower for existing reconfigurable antenna operating frequency, gain is low, section is high, loaded switches is larger on antenna radiation characteristics impact simultaneously, the deficiencies such as the demand of satellite communication cannot be met, the present invention has carried out innovation and research, low section three of the present invention is adjustable antenna frequently, see Fig. 1, include: first medium substrate 1, single order radiating element 2, Order Radiation unit 3, three rank radiating elements 4, dual feed microstrip line 8, second medium substrate 11, rhythmic EBG unit 12 printed by second medium substrate 11, EBG unit 12 comprises the square patch 13 of the side's of being etched with circumferential weld gap 14 that second medium substrate 11 upper strata is printed and the metal floor of second medium substrate 11 lower floor printing, in other words, the lower floor of second medium substrate 11 is metal floor, its upper strata is printed with EBG unit 12, EBG unit 12 is the upper stratas being distributed in whole second medium substrate 11 with periodic arrangement, as the square patch 13 of its structure of EBG unit 12 to be upper strata the be side's of being etched with circumferential weld gap 14, lower floor is the metal floor printed.First medium substrate 1 is placed on second medium substrate 11, has cystosepiment 15 to be separated by between two medium substrates, uses bonding technique first medium substrate 1 and second medium substrate 11 to be separately fixed at cystosepiment about 15 two surfaces.On first medium substrate 1, three radiating element 2-4 longitudinal arrangements are printed on medium substrate two surfaces, three radiating element 2-4 common combinations respective on first medium substrate about 1 two surface are called dipole, the combination of three radiating element 2-4 pasters of first medium substrate 1 upper surface is called dipole upper arm, the combination of three radiating element 2-4 pasters of first medium substrate 1 lower surface is called dipole underarm, on dipole, underarm is symmetrical in first medium substrate 1 horizontal center line, single order radiating element 2 comprises a radiation patch, Order Radiation unit 3 comprises two radiation patch, three rank radiating elements 4 comprise two radiation patch, the single order radiating element 1 on first medium substrate about 1 two surface is all electrically connected with respective dual feed microstrip line 8, see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the right side of dual feed microstrip line 8 extends to first medium substrate 1 edge, low section three of the present invention frequently adjustable antenna also includes direct current biasing line 5-7 and inductance 9, single order radiating element 2 is connected with single order direct current biasing line 5, Order Radiation unit 3 is connected with second-order DC offset line 6, three rank radiating elements 4 are connected 7 with three rank direct current biasing lines, radiating element adopts the fractal dipole of distortion, mainly on traditional Si erpinski fractal dipole basis, add rectangular patch, each is connected in Order Radiation unit 3 and three rank radiating elements 4 about two radiation patch of dipole longitudinal midline symmetry with rectangular patch, specifically with rectangular patch, summit electrical connection inside the radiation patch in Order Radiation unit 3 and three rank radiating elements 4 is formed respective radiating element, on longitudinal arrangement center line, only need loading PIN switch 10 to carry out frequency-adjustable between each adjacent rank radiating element, every rank radiating element 2-4 has connected each self-corresponding direct current biasing line 5-7, the present invention uses two groups of PIN switches 10 just can produce the adjustable of three kinds of frequencies altogether.Three groups of direct current biasing line 5-7 are connected to inductance 9 separately, two groups of PIN switches 10 by second-order DC offset line 6 altogether, second-order DC offset line 6 is the common land of two groups of PIN switch 10 direct current signals, single order direct current biasing line 5 between single order radiating element 2 and Order Radiation unit 3 connect the positive pole of PIN switch 10 direct current signal, three rank direct current biasing lines 7 between Order Radiation unit 3 and three rank radiating elements 4 connect the positive pole of PIN switch 10 direct current signal, the present invention only needs three groups of direct current biasing line 5-7 to control respectively two groups of PIN switches 10, just X can be realized, Ku, Ka tri-frequency bands are adjustable, on three frequently adjustable basis, the EBG unit 12 of the periodic arrangement that second medium substrate 11 is printed produces X, Ku frequency band homophase reflection characteristic, work with metallic reflection plate form at Ka frequency band simultaneously, after first medium substrate 1 loads second medium substrate 11, on the basis that three frequencies are adjustable, antenna achieves low section, high-gain three tunable characteristic frequently.
See Fig. 3, in this example, the dielectric constant of first medium substrate 1 is 2.97, and substrate thickness is 0.254mm, and dielectric loss is 0.0015, second medium substrate 11 dielectric constant is 3, substrate thickness is 1.5mm, and dielectric loss is 0.0015, adopts dielectric constant to be 1 between first medium substrate 1 and second medium substrate 11, thickness is that the cystosepiment 15 of 2mm is separated by, cystosepiment 15 is lightweight, and load easily, cost is low.In the present invention, the radiation patch of single order radiating element 2 is equilateral triangle, two radiation patch in Order Radiation unit 3 are two identical equilateral triangles, placement direction is identical with single order radiating element 2, two equilateral triangles are symmetrical about dipole longitudinal midline, and inside it, summit is connected by rectangular patch.Two radiation patch in three rank radiating elements 4 are identical triangle hollow out paster, be specially the little leg-of-mutton large triangle patch of hollow out, wherein large triangle placement direction is identical with single order radiating element 2, little triangular apex is respectively large triangle each limit mid point, little triangle placement direction is contrary with large triangle placement direction, two triangle hollow out pasters are symmetrical about dipole longitudinal midline, and inside it, two rectangular radiation patch in summit are connected.This technical characteristic of the present invention makes directly to be electrically connected between radiation patch inner vertex in every rank radiating element 2-4.Therefore in the present invention, the frequency-adjustable that on dipole, in underarm, between each adjacent rank radiating element, each needs loading PIN switch 10 just can realize antenna, also be use switch to realize frequency-adjustable in prior art, but in prior art, loading two switches are needed between each adjacent rank radiating element of traditional Si erpinski fractal dipole, for Fig. 1, need with two switches, each for the radiation patch of two in Order Radiation unit 3 lower summit to be connected respectively with single order radiating element 2, also need with two switches, summit under two radiation patch in three rank radiating elements 4 to be connected respectively with Order Radiation unit 3 simultaneously, such symmetry of guarantee antenna and the stability of antenna pattern.Therefore technical scheme of the present invention decreases number of switches, only need load a PIN switch 10 along dipole longitudinal midline between Order Radiation unit 3 rectangular patch midpoint and single order radiating element 2, between three rank radiating element 4 rectangular patch midpoint and Order Radiation unit 3, load a PIN switch 10 simultaneously, so just both ensure that the symmetry that antenna is good and radiation characteristic, the required number of switches controlled reduces simultaneously, reduce the complexity of switch control rule, enhance the stability of antenna, reduce antenna cost, simplify processed complex degree.For connecting lead-in wire direction and the dipole two-arm longitudinal arrangement central axis 90 degree of the dual feed microstrip line 8 of single order radiating element 2, length is 16.9mm, feeding microstrip line 8 width that first medium substrate 1 upper surface is printed is 0.4mm, the width of the feeding microstrip line 8 that lower surface is printed is by 0.4mm gradual change most 2mm, so both ensure that the impedance matching that antenna is good, be beneficial to again simultaneously and load alternating-current feeding joint.See Fig. 1, single order direct current biasing line 5 length of the present invention is 4.5mm, width is 0.1mm, and second-order DC offset line 6 length is 4mm, and width is 0.1mm, three rank direct current biasing line 7 length are 3.2mm, width is 0.1mm, three groups of direct current biasing line 5-7 is connected to separately 0.84 μ H inductance 9, and the present invention introduces inductance 9 and eliminates each direct current biasing line 5-7 to the impact of antenna radiation characteristics, antenna pattern is stablized, and matching properties is good.The size of radiating element is relevant to the resonance frequency of whole antenna, when all PIN switches 10 disconnect, single order radiating element 2 produces Ka wave band place resonance frequency band, the single order radiating element 2 triangle length of side is a1, a1 can regulate selected between 1-3 mm, when a1 gets 1.26mm, Antenna Operation is at 27.8 ~ 31.2GHz.When between single order radiating element 2 with Order Radiation unit 3, PIN switch 10 is communicated with, produce Ku frequency band place resonance frequency, the Order Radiation unit 3 intermediate cam shape length of side is a2, and connect triangle inner vertex rectangle length and be respectively 1.3mm and 2.5mm, width is 0.2mm.When in single order radiating element 2, a1 fixes, a2 regulates between 1-3 mm and can change Ku band resonant frequency, and in this example, a2 gets 1.2mm, and Antenna Operation is at 14.1 ~ 16.8GHz.When all PIN switches 10 are all in connected state, between single order radiating element 2 and Order Radiation unit 3, all be connected by PIN switch 10 between Order Radiation unit 3 and three rank radiating elements 4, produce X-band place resonance frequency, when in a1 in single order radiating element 2 and Order Radiation unit 3, a2 fixes respectively, in three rank radiating elements 4, the large triangle length of side is a3, and the little triangle length of side of hollow out is a3/2.Connecting large triangular apex rectangle long is 2.2mm, and wide is 0.2mm, and a3 regulates at 1-3mm, and when a3 is 1.94mm, Antenna Operation is at 8.96 ~ 9.67GHz.In the radiating element of above-mentioned every rank, by regulating the triangle length of side of every rank radiating element, adjustable frequency can be determined.Meanwhile, corresponding to each frequency band, radiating element is different, and the present invention can facilitate, each size of independence, flexible antenna, with the frequency band adjustments scope regulating three, antenna different.
When adopting common metal reflecting plate to improve antenna gain, reflecting plate must be placed on distance antenna 1/4 wavelength place, but three frequency adjustable antenna different frequency corresponding wavelength are different, the required position of placing of different frequency bands metallic reflection plate is different, therefore common metal reflecting plate cannot be fixed on same position for three frequency adjustable antennas, add the use difficulty of antenna, and 1/4 wavelength corresponding to X-band place is 10mm, two layer medium substrate distance is excessive, antenna section is too high, take up room excessive, cannot satellite communication system be used in.Compared to common metal reflecting plate, periodicity EBG unit 12 structure that the present invention uses is see Fig. 1, comprise 5 × 7 square patchs 13 of second medium substrate 11 upper strata periodic arrangement and the metal floor of second medium substrate 11 lower floor printing, square patch 13 length of side is 5mm, adjacent patch spacing is 1mm, each square patch 13 side of etching circumferential weld gap 14, square patch 13 and square circumferential weld gap 14 center superposition, circumferential weld gap 14 outer length of side in side's is 4.5mm, and the interior length of side is 4mm.The EBG unit 12 of periodic arrangement produces double frequency reflected phase will characteristic, the homophase reflected phase will characteristic working band of X-band is: 8.45GHz-9.78GHz (0 ° of frequency is 9.22GHz), the homophase reflected phase will characteristic working band of Ku wave band is: 15.03GHz-18GHz (0 ° of frequency is 16.46GHz), at X, Ku two frequency bands, it is the position at 2mm place that second medium substrate 11 can be fixed with first medium substrate 1 fore-and-aft distance simultaneously, antenna gain obtains improving, and ensure that antenna good impedance match.In X-band, antenna operating band is 8.96 ~ 9.67GHz, and antenna is 8.16dB in the gain of 9.5GHz place.Ku wave band antenna working band is 14.1 ~ 16.8GHz, and antenna is 7.66dB in the gain of 15GHz place.Work with metallic reflection plate form at Ka frequency band second medium substrate 11, second medium substrate 11 and first medium substrate 1 spacing are fixed on Ka wave band place 1/4 wavelength and are about 2mm place, Ka wave band antenna working band is 27.8 ~ 31.2GHz, and at 28GHz place, antenna gain is increased to 10.1dB.To sum up, the present invention is by loading double frequency EBG unit 12 structure, reasonable solution loads the next problem of common metal strip, Antenna Operation is when the frequency band that X, Ku, Ka tri-is different, two layer medium substrate pitch is all only 2mm, and antenna all has compared to three the frequency band place gains of traditional monopole sub antenna the raising being greater than 3dB, achieve low section, high-gain two characteristics simultaneously.
The course of work of the present invention is: on the right side of first medium substrate 1 dual feed microstrip line 8, place loads AC signal, on the left of direct current biasing line 5-7, load direct current signal.When all direct current biasing line 5-7 load without direct current signal, single order radiating element 2 works, and Antenna Operation is at Ka wave band.Single order direct current biasing line 5 loads direct-flow positive pole and second-order DC offset line 6 loads direct current negative pole, when direct current is more than 10mA, single order radiating element 2 is communicated with Order Radiation unit 3 joint PIN switch 10, now antenna effective radiation unit is single order radiating element 2 and Order Radiation unit 3, and Antenna Operation is at Ku frequency band.When single order direct current biasing line 5 and three rank direct current biasing lines 7 all load direct-flow positive pole, second-order DC offset line 6 loads direct current negative pole, and when direct current is more than 10mA, now all PIN switches 10 are communicated with, the Net long wave radiation unit of antenna is all radiating element 2-4, and now Antenna Operation is at X-band.
Embodiment 2
The formation of low section three frequency adjustable antenna and structure are with embodiment 1, in the present embodiment, radiation patch in radiating element printed by first medium substrate is triangle, single order radiating element radiation patch triangle length of side a1 is 1mm, Order Radiation unit radiation patch triangle length of side a2 is 1mm, three rank radiating element radiation patch triangle length of side a3 are 3mm, between first medium substrate and second medium substrate, the thickness of cystosepiment is 1mm, EBG unit paster etching gap width on second medium substrate is 1mm, the EBG unit paster of periodic arrangement produces the reflected phase will characteristic of X-band and Ku wave band.In this example, on first medium substrate, direct current biasing inductance value that line connects is 0.1 μ H, the dielectric constant of first medium substrate is 10, the dielectric constant of second medium substrate is 2, adjustable antenna is the same frequently for all the other structures and the low section three in embodiment 1, and also adjustable antenna is the same frequently with the low section three in embodiment 1 for the relation between each structure.
Embodiment 3
The formation of low section three frequency adjustable antenna and structure are with embodiment 1-2, in each rank radiating element that in the present embodiment, first medium substrate is printed, radiation patch is triangle, single order radiating element radiation patch triangle length of side a1 is 3mm, Order Radiation unit radiation patch triangle length of side a2 is 3mm, three rank radiating element radiation patch triangle length of side a3 are 1mm, and between first medium substrate and second medium substrate, the thickness of cystosepiment is 3mm; EBG unit paster etching gap width on second medium substrate is 0.1mm; On first medium substrate, direct current biasing inductance value that line connects is 1 μ H, all inductance is accessed in the direct current biasing line of inventive antenna each rank, effectively eliminate the impact of offset line on antenna radiation characteristics, make antenna more stable at three different working band pattern characteristics.In this example, the dielectric constant of first medium substrate is 2, the dielectric constant of second medium substrate is 10, and adjustable antenna is the same frequently for all the other structures and the low section three in embodiment 1 or 2, and also adjustable antenna is the same frequently with the low section three in embodiment 1 or 2 for the relation between each structure.
Embodiment 4
The formation of low section three frequency adjustable antenna and structure are with embodiment 1-3, and in each rank radiating element 2-4 that in the present embodiment, first medium substrate 1 is printed, radiation patch is rectangular patch, see Fig. 4; Between first medium substrate 1 and second medium substrate 11, the thickness of cystosepiment is 1mm, on first medium substrate 1, direct current biasing line inductance value that 5-7 connects 9 is 0.5 μ H, the dielectric constant of first medium substrate 1 is 5, the dielectric constant of second medium substrate 11 is 5, adjustable antenna is the same frequently with the low section three in embodiment 1 for above-mentioned parameter all the other structures outer, and also adjustable antenna is the same frequently with the low section three in embodiment 1 for the relation between each structure.Antenna achieves low section, high-gain two characteristics simultaneously.
Embodiment 5
The formation of low section three frequency adjustable antenna and structure are with embodiment 1-4, see Fig. 5, in each rank radiating element 2-4 that in the present embodiment, first medium substrate 1 is printed, radiation patch is circular patch, in single order radiating element 2, circular patch diameter is 1.2mm, in Order Radiation unit 3, circular patch diameter is 1.2mm, in three rank radiating elements 4, circular patch diameter is 1.8mm, the change of patch shape embodies applicability and the flexibility of inventive antenna, adjustable antenna is the same frequently with the low section three in embodiment 1 for above-mentioned parameter all the other structures outer, also adjustable antenna is the same frequently with the low section three in embodiment 1-4 for relation between each structure.
More than that five instantiations of the present invention do not form any limitation of the invention.
Case effect of the present invention further illustrates by following result figure:
Embodiment 6
Use low section three of the present invention frequency adjustable antenna to carry out the imitaion and simulation of frequency-adjustable, simulation model is embodiments of the invention 1.
When all PIN switches 10 are in the mode of operation of off-state, S parameter simulation result figure is shown in Fig. 6, and now Antenna Operation is at Ka frequency band, and as seen from the figure, the working band in this example is 27.8 ~ 31.2GHz, is in completely in Ka frequency band.
When the PIN switch 10 connecting single order radiating element 2 second order and radiating element 3 is in the mode of operation of conducting state, S parameter simulation result is shown in Fig. 7, and now Antenna Operation is at Ku frequency band, visible in figure, working band in this example is 14.1 ~ 16.8GHz, is in completely in Ku frequency band.
When all PIN switches 10 are in the mode of operation of conducting state, S parameter simulation result is shown in Fig. 8, and now Antenna Operation is at X-band, visible in figure, and the working band in this example is 8.96 ~ 9.67GHz, is in completely in X-band.
Emulate at 28GHz place directional diagram the present invention, the results are shown in Figure smooth solid line in 9, figure is H face directional diagram, and band point curve is E face directional diagram, and can observe discovery, pattern characteristics is forward radiation, and gain is 10.1dB.
Emulate at 15GHz place directional diagram the present invention, the results are shown in Figure 10, in figure, smooth solid line is H face directional diagram, and band point curve is E face directional diagram, and can observe discovery, pattern characteristics is forward radiation, and gain is 7.66dB.
Meanwhile, emulate, the results are shown in Figure 11 to the present invention at 9.5GHz place directional diagram, in figure, smooth solid line is H face directional diagram, and band point curve is E face directional diagram, and can observe discovery, pattern characteristics is forward radiation, and gain is 8.16dB.
The reflected phase will characteristic Simulation curve of the EBG unit on second medium substrate of the present invention is as Figure 12, as can be seen from simulation result: 0 ° ± 90 ° frequency ranges of EBG are respectively 8.45GHz-9.78GHz (0 ° of frequency is 9.22GHz) and are in X-band, and 15.03GHz-18GHz (0 ° of frequency is 16.46GHz) is in Ku frequency band.
In brief, low section three of the present invention is adjustable antenna frequently, underarm on distortion fractal dipole is printed respectively on upper and lower two surfaces of first medium substrate, symmetrical about this substrate level center line, single order radiating element is connected with dual feed microstrip line and extends to medium substrate edge, every rank radiating element connects each self-corresponding direct current biasing line having accessed inductance, with rectangular patch summit inside second order and the radiation patch in three rank radiating elements is connected and forms respective radiating element, load a PIN switch in the middle of each adjacent rank radiating element and carry out frequency-adjustable.First medium substrate is placed on second medium substrate is separated by with cystosepiment, and the EBG unit of periodic arrangement is printed on second medium substrate to improve antenna gain.The invention solves the problem that antenna is difficult in the adjustable realization of high frequency treatment, directional diagram is unstable and section is higher, can realize, in the frequently adjustable antenna performance of high frequency X, Ku, Ka wave band low section three, can be applicable to radio communication and satellite communication.
Claims (7)
1. one kind low section three adjustable antenna frequently, include: first medium substrate, single order radiating element, Order Radiation unit, three rank radiating elements, dual feed microstrip line, second medium substrate, rhythmic EBG unit printed by second medium substrate, and EBG unit comprises the square patch of the side's of being etched with circumferential weld gap that second medium substrate upper strata is printed and the metal floor of second medium substrate lower floor printing, first medium substrate is placed on second medium substrate, cystosepiment is had to be separated by between two medium substrates, on first medium substrate, three radiating element longitudinal arrangements are printed on medium substrate two surfaces, on upper and lower two surfaces of first medium substrate, three respective radiating element common combinations are called dipole, on dipole, underarm is symmetrical in first medium substrate level center line, and on upper and lower two surfaces of first medium substrate, three respective radiating elements are all symmetrical in dipole longitudinal centre line, single order radiating element comprises a radiation patch, Order Radiation unit comprises two radiation patch, three rank radiating elements comprise two radiation patch, single order radiating element is all connected with dual feed microstrip line, it is characterized in that: described low section three frequently adjustable antenna also includes direct current biasing line and inductance (9), radiating element is on traditional Si erpinski fractal dipole basis, adopt the fractal dipole of distortion, respectively radiation patch adjacent vertex electrical connection in radiation patch adjacent vertex in Order Radiation unit (3) and three rank radiating elements (4) is formed respective radiating element with rectangular patch, on longitudinal arrangement center line, load a PIN switch (10) between each adjacent rank radiating element carry out frequency-adjustable, every rank radiating element has connected each self-corresponding direct current biasing line, three direct current biasing lines are connected to separately inductance (9), two groups of PIN switches (10) by second-order DC offset line (6) altogether, single order direct current biasing line (5) and three rank direct current biasing line (7) are respectively the positive pole of respective PIN switch (10) direct current signal, three groups of direct current biasing lines are only needed to control respectively two groups of switches, realize X, Ku, Ka tri-is frequently adjustable, the EBG unit of the periodic arrangement that second medium substrate is printed produces X, Ku frequency band homophase reflection characteristic, work with metallic reflection plate form at Ka frequency band simultaneously, after first medium substrate loads second medium substrate, on the basis that three frequencies are adjustable, antenna realizes low section, high gain characteristics.
2. low section three according to claim 1 adjustable antenna frequently, is characterized in that: the radiation patch in the radiating element of each rank is triangle patch; The length of side of triangle radiation patch is 1mm-3mm.
3. low section three according to claim 1 adjustable antenna frequently, is characterized in that: the radiation patch in the radiating element of each rank or for rectangle or be circular patch.
4. the low section three according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 is adjustable antenna frequently, it is characterized in that: between first medium substrate (1) and second medium substrate (11), the thickness of cystosepiment (15) is 1mm-3mm.
5. low section three according to claim 4 adjustable antenna frequently, is characterized in that: second medium substrate (11) upper EBG unit (12) paster etching gap (14) width is 0.1-1mm.
6. low section three according to claim 5 adjustable antenna frequently, is characterized in that: the upper direct current biasing inductance value that line connects (9) of first medium substrate (1) is 0.1-1 μ H.
7. low section three according to claim 6 adjustable antenna frequently, is characterized in that: the dielectric constant of first medium substrate (1) and second medium substrate (11) is all between 2-10.
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| CN105789875B (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-03-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of low section broadband dual polarized antenna |
| CN106252862B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2023-04-07 | 重庆大学 | Side-emitting antenna |
| CN107623183B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-07-23 | 浙江大学 | A kind of tunable double frequency-band high-gain aerial catoptric arrangement |
| CN107799890A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-03-13 | 天津大学 | Shape multifrequency wearable antenna is divided on a kind of five sides with electro-magnetic bandgap |
| CN108281769B (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2023-09-12 | 西安星网天线技术有限公司 | Reconfigurable tightly-coupled broadband array antenna |
| CN110858681B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2021-07-09 | 西安电子科技大学 | Dual-polarized three-frequency-band frequency reconfigurable antenna with reconfigurable harmonic suppression function |
| CN110518338A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-29 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of frequency and the restructural broad-band antenna that polarizes |
| CN112701480B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2023-05-05 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna device and electronic equipment |
| CN112038780A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-04 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Frequency reconfigurable antenna unit and antenna array based on sub-wavelength fractal metamaterial |
| CN112615149B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-09-24 | 西北大学 | Low-profile broadband high-gain directional diagram mechanically-adjustable antenna |
| CN117394000A (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2024-01-12 | 江苏科技大学 | Parasitic fractal multi-triangle structure loaded dual-band omnidirectional butterfly antenna |
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| US6774844B2 (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2004-08-10 | Altarum Institute | Antenna structures based upon a generalized hausdorff design approach |
| US7113141B2 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-09-26 | Elta Systems Ltd. | Fractal dipole antenna |
| US8451189B1 (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2013-05-28 | Herbert U. Fluhler | Ultra-wide band (UWB) artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) metamaterials for electrically thin antennas and arrays |
| CN103414029A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏大学 | Rectangular frame fractal antenna with both near-zero refractive index effect and left-handed effect |
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