CN103629701B - A kind of forced-ventilated cooking stove - Google Patents

A kind of forced-ventilated cooking stove Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103629701B
CN103629701B CN201310557954.8A CN201310557954A CN103629701B CN 103629701 B CN103629701 B CN 103629701B CN 201310557954 A CN201310557954 A CN 201310557954A CN 103629701 B CN103629701 B CN 103629701B
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China
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
burner hearth
heater
end heat
air
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CN201310557954.8A
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CN103629701A (en
Inventor
李洪峻
高怀斌
黄光宏
李俊
胡云俊
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Xi'an Zhuochao Mechanical Equipment Co ltd
32181 Troops of PLA
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Architectural Engineering Institute of General Logistics Department of PLA
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

Abstract

A kind of forced-ventilated cooking stove, comprise body of heater, described furnace interior is provided with burner hearth, horizontal flue between the outlet of burner hearth and smokestack base arranges hot end heat exchanger, the bottom of hot end heat exchanger arranges the electrothermal module be connected with hot end heat exchanger, the bottom of electrothermal module arranges cool end heat exchanger, and arrange between cool end heat exchanger and inboard wall of furnace body and be used for fan, fan is connected with electrothermal module and is driven by electrothermal module; Fan from body of heater outside suck air through with cool end heat exchanger heat exchange after enter burner hearth through air-supply passage.The present invention can carry out air blast supercharging to burning and carry out preheating to air, makes sufficient combustion, and cooking efficiency improves.Owing to being provided with heat exchanger between flue and air intake passage, improve the temperature of burner hearth and burning, reduce temperature and the heat loss due to exhaust gas of flue gas.The self-powered that the present invention can realize fan by the work of electrothermal module runs, and stove and accessory can be made to keep good ignition temperature and combustion efficiency in high altitude localities.

Description

A kind of forced-ventilated cooking stove
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-efficiency cooking stove and accessory, particularly the forced-ventilated cooking stove of one.
Background technology
In existing cooking stove, common structure is: comprise body of heater, and lower portion of furnace body is provided with fire grate, and the inboard wall of furnace body on fire grate top is fixed with flame retardant coating, and the cavity that flame retardant coating surrounds is burner hearth, and body of heater upper wall is provided with the chimney communicated with burner hearth.When the cooking stove of this structure uses, after the coal of lower furnace portion is ignited, the coal cinder then ignited gradually above it, coal cinder burns from bottom to top, when the lower combustion of coal cinder, flame is stopped by top coal cinder, makes heat utilization ratio lower, and easily produces cigarette, and top coal cinder burning fast complete time, flame is pushed down by the new coal cinder replenishing burner hearth, again reduces the utilization rate of heat, and the wasting phenomenon of coal cinder is also more serious simultaneously.Patent 201020208315.2 discloses one " energy-saving cooking stove ", comprise body of heater and the fire grate being fixed on lower portion of furnace body, fire grate is fixed with the fireproof sleeve of " up-small and down-big " cone structure, be air chamber between fireproof sleeve and inboard wall of furnace body, on the upside of fireproof sleeve, have the air inlet that air chamber is communicated with burner hearth.Patent 201120167853.6 discloses one " high-efficient low-emission biomass cooking furnace ", the body of heater of burner hearth is established in comprising, body of heater has gallery ports reinforced in burner hearth, cooking stove is provided with above burner hearth, be provided with cone shape combustion-supporting between burner hearth and cooking stove, the sidewall of cone shape combustion-supporting is provided with combustion-supporting hole.
When the cooking stove of above-mentioned patent uses, after coal cinder on fire grate ignites, air in air chamber enters above burner hearth by the combustion-supporting hole on air inlet or combustion-supporting, auxiliary air between the high-temperature heating flame retardant coating that coal cinder burning produces and body of heater, the combustible gas that high temperature air after heating and coal cinder imperfect combustion produce burns, and avoids the waste of coal cinder while improve coal cinder calory burning utilization rate.This type of stove and accessory mainly relies on the high temperature of flue gas generation draft to overcome the on-way resistance of burning, and bring exhaust gas temperature too high thus, most of heat that burning produces brings external environment condition into by flue gas, reduces combustion heat utilization rate.In addition, an air intake air themperature of conventional oven is lower, is pressed in below new coal cinder when supplementing new coal cinder from top by flame, and fire door firepower weakens, and cooking efficiency reduces.
In view of the problem of above coal stove, be necessary the defect providing a kind of novel overheavy firing cooking stove to exist to overcome existing coal stove.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art, a kind of forced-ventilated cooking stove being provided, which raises combustion heat utilization rate, save heat, improve cooking efficiency.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The present invention includes the body of heater with smokestack base, described furnace interior is provided with burner hearth, between the outlet of burner hearth and smokestack base, horizontal flue is set, horizontal flue arranges hot end heat exchanger, the bottom of hot end heat exchanger arranges the electrothermal module be connected with hot end heat exchanger, the bottom of electrothermal module arranges the cool end heat exchanger be connected with electrothermal module, and arrange between cool end heat exchanger and inboard wall of furnace body and be used for fan, fan is connected with electrothermal module and is driven by electrothermal module; Fan from body of heater outside suck air through with cool end heat exchanger heat exchange after enter burner hearth through air-supply passage.
Described burner hearth arranged outside housing, forms secondary air passage between housing and burner hearth; Housing and inboard wall of furnace body form air-supply passage; Burner hearth upper end is provided with the flame-gathering cover that can dismantle, and the sidewall of flame-gathering cover offers some secondary intake openings, and secondary intake opening is connected with secondary air passage; Through entering flame-gathering cover with the air of cool end heat exchanger heat exchange through air-supply passage, secondary air passage and secondary intake opening.
The top of described body of heater is furnace panel, and the distance between furnace panel and flame-gathering cover top is 3 ~ 20cm.
Described lower furnace portion is provided with spade and can the ash bucket of movement.
Described hot end heat exchanger and cool end heat exchanger are finned heat exchanger.
Described body of heater is offered the charge door be connected with burner hearth.
The outer wall of described body of heater is provided with battery case, regulates the adjusting knob of rotation speed of the fan and externally exports the direct current jack of electric energy.
Described burner hearth is cylindrical, and being provided with in burner hearth can the combustion chamber assembly of movement.
Described body of heater bottom is provided with the supporting leg supporting body of heater.
Relative to prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has:
The present invention, owing to being provided with the fan utilizing thermoelectric power generation technology to power, can carry out air blast supercharging to burning, and the air capacity entering burner hearth is increased, air is through carrying out heat exchange with cool end heat exchanger simultaneously, the air themperature entering burner hearth is raised, and burning is more complete, and pollutant emission reduces.The present invention arranges heat exchanger and electrothermal module between flue and air intake passage, the heat exchange of air inlet and flue gas is realized by stove thermo-electric generation drive fan, for burner hearth provides hot primary air, realize from high-temperature flue gas heat-obtaining simultaneously, strengthening fire door firepower, stove and accessory can be made all to ensure good combustion efficiency in the area of height above sea level < 4500m, adaptation to high altitude is good, cooking efficiency is high, duty assurance ability is strong, low cost of manufacture, use and maintenance cost is low, stable and reliable for performance.
Further, pass through in the present invention with the air of cool end heat exchanger heat exchange through air-supply passage, secondary air passage, flame-gathering cover is entered by secondary intake opening after further heating, when flue gas not clean-burning in burner hearth rises to flame-gathering cover position, by the oxygen supply of secondary intake opening secondary, again burnt by CO in flue gas, fire door firepower is stronger.Burner hearth flame returns through cook a meal pot or bell of flame-gathering cover top guiding rising chance, and flame-gathering cover crater flame out, and mixing time delay burning further in quirk, burning is very abundant, and in body of heater, temperature is higher, and fire door firepower is comparatively strong, and heating up water, it is effective to cook.Hot end heat exchanger in high-temperature flue gas and flue carries out exchange heat, transfers heat to the Cryogenic air that fan is sent into, and flue-gas temperature and heat loss due to exhaust gas reduce rapidly simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of flame-gathering cover.
Fig. 4 is the top view of flame-gathering cover.
Wherein, 1 is body of heater; 2 is secondary intake opening; 3 is flame-gathering cover; 4 is charge door; 5 is secondary air passage; 6 is burner hearth; 7 is ash bucket; 8 is supporting leg; 9 is air-supply passage; 10 is cool end heat exchanger; 11 is fan; 12 is electrothermal module; 13 is hot end heat exchanger; 14 is smokestack base; 15 is furnace panel; 16 is fire door; 17 ?1 fan control knob; 17 ?2 be battery case; 17 ?3 be direct current jack.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with in accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention includes the body of heater 1 with smokestack base 14, described body of heater 1 inside is provided with burner hearth 6, horizontal flue between the outlet and smokestack base 14 of burner hearth 6 arranges hot end heat exchanger 13, the bottom of hot end heat exchanger 13 is arranged at the electrothermal module 12 that hot end heat exchanger 13 is connected, and the bottom of electrothermal module 12 arranges the cool end heat exchanger 10 be connected with electrothermal module 12; Burner hearth 6 arranged outside housing, case top offers the hole corresponding to flame-gathering cover, forms secondary air passage 5 between housing and burner hearth 6, and burner hearth 6 upper end is provided with flame-gathering cover 3, the sidewall of flame-gathering cover offers some secondary intake openings 2, secondary intake opening 2 is connected with secondary air passage 5; Form air-supply passage 9 between housing and body of heater 1 inwall, enter flame-gathering cover 3 through the air of heat exchange through air-supply passage 9, secondary air passage 5 and secondary intake opening 2 with cool end heat exchanger, carry out second-time burning with imperfect combustion flue gas; Arrange fan 11 between cool end heat exchanger 10 and body of heater 1 inwall, fan 11 sucks extraneous air and cools cool end heat exchanger 10, through entering burner hearth 6 with the air of cool end heat exchanger heat exchange through air-supply passage 9; The driven by power that fan 11 is produced by electrothermal module 12 thermo-electric generation.
The sidewall of body of heater 1 is arranged the charge door 4 be communicated with burner hearth 6, charge door 4 is with stove face plate, and the air quantity entering burner hearth 6 is regulated and controled by fan 11, and the primary combustion of fuel in burner hearth 6 mainly completes in the bottom of burner hearth 6.The top of body of heater 1 is furnace panel 15, furnace panel 15 is offered fire door 16, and the distance between furnace panel 15 and flame-gathering cover 3 top is 3 ~ 20cm.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, combustion chamber assembly is provided with in burner hearth 6 of the present invention, combustion chamber assembly is used for coal combustion, can take out from body of heater, the freeze profile taking out combustion chamber assembly becomes a larger space for firewood or the dry animal manure etc. of burning, thus increase the consumption of firewood, dry animal manure, improve heating load; The below of burner hearth 6 arranges ash bucket 7, and the lime-ash after burning falls into ash bucket 7, and ash bucket 7 can be extracted out, is scoop structure, except collecting except lime-ash, can also shovel coal.Flue inside adds the heat transfer of the strengthening of finned hot end heat exchanger 13 and electrothermal module 12, the other end (cold junction) of electrothermal module 12 is arranged finned cool end heat exchanger 10 equally and is cooled it by fan 11, sent into bottom burner hearth 6 by the air heated by air-supply passage, the new wind of such feeding can directly be blown into burner hearth 6, carries out air blast supercharging (i.e. oxygenation) to burning; The electric power that fan 11 is produced by electrothermal module drives.Arrange heat-exchange device and electrothermal module 12 1 aspect by the inside and outside portion of flue can improve fire box temperature and fire door firepower, improve cooking efficiency, reduce exhaust gas temperature, driven by power fan 11 can be produced by electrothermal module 12 on the other hand to blow, overcome heat exchanger and runner on-way resistance.The present invention can strengthen the heat exchange between flue gas and combustion air, effectively reduces heat loss due to exhaust gas, can avoid simultaneously flue and runner on-way resistance excessive, soot dust granule enters indoor.
Body of heater 1 offers the charge door for coal, wood fragments bavin, broken dry animal manure etc. near the side of combustion chamber assembly, and the opposite side of body of heater is provided with smokestack base, and smokestack base can install the chimney of diameter 100mm; Being provided with four supporting legs 8 bottom body of heater 1, for supporting body of heater, preventing high-temperature damage tent ground cloth; Body of heater 1 is provided with fan control knob 17 ?1, battery case 17 ?2, air quantity regulate knob and direct current jack 17 ?3, wherein, fan control knob 17 ?1 for the startup of manual operation fan and stopping.Be placed with battery in battery case, when lighting a fire by battery for fan provides power, improve the success rate of lighting a fire, shorten and light a fire the time; Direct current jack 17 ?3 electricity produced for electrothermal module have and can be extraneous electrical equipment during residue and power.Air quantity regulates knob, enters the combustion-supporting air quantity of burner hearth for the rotating speed of manual adjustments fan and then adjustment.
Electrothermal module hot junction is the finned hot end heat exchanger be arranged in flue, electrothermal module cold junction is finned hot end heat exchanger and is dispelled the heat by ventilation fan, electrothermal module is connected with control module, the direct current sent is input to control module, after boosting voltage stabilizing process, drive fan rotates air-supply, can be the external equipments such as illumination simultaneously and provides electric power supply.
The difference of the present invention and existing Household firewood coal stove is, the upper end edge muzzle of burner hearth 6 is equipped with a flame-gathering cover, the flue gas produced after lower furnace portion primary combustion rises to flame-gathering cover 3 position, by the oxygen supply of secondary intake opening secondary, by flame-gathering cover 3, the CO in flue gas is burnt again.Secondary air air is sent into by supply air duct equally, and after the space between burner hearth 6 outer wall and body of heater and secondary air passage 5 are heated further, enter flame-gathering cover 3, secondary air temperature is high, effectively avoids cold air to enter and reduces flame temperature, weakening fire door firepower.
The difference of the present invention and existing Household firewood coal stove is also, is provided with thermo-electric generation and produces power-actuated fan 11, and overcoming conventional domestic firewood and coal stove needs higher exhaust gas temperature to provide draft needed for on-way resistance.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, flame-gathering cover 3 is taper cylindrical shells, barrel close to main body osculum is evenly equipped with multiple secondary intake opening 2, hot-air via secondary air passage 5 enters in flame-gathering cover by secondary intake opening 2, ensure flue gas Thorough combustion again, the large mouth of flame-gathering cover 3 is sleeved on the upper end bead of burner hearth 6 downwards.
Operation principle of the present invention is: utilize the thermo-electric generation between flue and air intake passage to power for fan 11, extraneous air sends into burner hearth after the cool end heat exchanger heat exchange in air-supply passage; The flue gas produced after lower furnace portion primary combustion rises to flame-gathering cover 3 position, by secondary intake opening 2 two oxygen supplys, by flame-gathering cover, the CO in flue gas is burnt again; The flue gas that burning produces carries out heat exchange through exhaust gases passes and the heat exchanger be arranged in passage, reduces exhaust gas temperature; Fuel is added by charge door, ensures the continuity of burning.
The course of work of the present invention: when forced-ventilated cooking stove is lit a fire, first by fan control knob 17 ?1 to open, fan is run, and regulates knob to control ventilation by air quantity, ensure best effect of lighting a fire; During normal work, regulate air quantity to regulate knob at any time according to height above sea level and combustion position, utilize the thermo-electric generation between flue and air intake passage to power for fan and external electrical equipment; Fuel is added by charge door, ensures the continuity of burning.
Compared with prior art, feature the most outstanding and significant effect are in the present invention: the heat thermo-electric generation utilizing cooking stove burning release, without the need to external connection power, improve overall efficiency of energy utilization; Outdoor cold wind sent into by employing fan and cold junction heat exchange fin carries out heat exchange, efficiently flue gas heat can be passed to combustion air, improves the fire box temperature of burning, increases fire door firepower, fully can reduce exhaust gas temperature simultaneously; Adopt the flame-gathering cover with secondary intake opening, unburned flue gas secondary combustion can be made, and fully assemble the heat of burning generation, strengthen fire door firepower further.

Claims (9)

1. a forced-ventilated cooking stove, it is characterized in that, comprise the body of heater (1) with smokestack base (14), described body of heater (1) inside is provided with burner hearth (6), between the outlet of burner hearth (6) and smokestack base (14), horizontal flue is set, horizontal flue is arranged hot end heat exchanger (13), the bottom of hot end heat exchanger (13) arranges the electrothermal module (12) be connected with hot end heat exchanger (13), the bottom of electrothermal module (12) arranges the cool end heat exchanger (10) be connected with electrothermal module (12), fan (11) is set between cool end heat exchanger (10) and body of heater (1) inwall, fan (11) is connected with electrothermal module (12) and is driven by electrothermal module (12), fan (11) from body of heater (1) outside suck air through with cool end heat exchanger (10) heat exchange after enter burner hearth (6).
2., according to regard to the forced-ventilated cooking stove of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described burner hearth (6) arranged outside housing forms secondary air passage (5) between housing and burner hearth; Air-supply passage (9) is formed between housing and body of heater (1) inwall; Burner hearth (6) upper end is provided with the flame-gathering cover (3) that can dismantle, and the sidewall of flame-gathering cover (3) offers some secondary intake openings (2), and secondary intake opening (2) is connected with secondary air passage (5); Through entering flame-gathering cover (3) with the air of cool end heat exchanger (10) heat exchange through air-supply passage (9), secondary air passage (5) and secondary intake opening (2).
3. the basis just forced-ventilated cooking stove of one according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the top of described body of heater (1) arranges furnace panel (15), and the distance between furnace panel (15) and flame-gathering cover (3) top is 3 ~ 20cm.
4. according to the forced-ventilated cooking stove of one described in regard to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described burner hearth (6) bottom is provided with spade and can the ash bucket (7) of movement.
5., according to the forced-ventilated cooking stove of one described in regard to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described hot end heat exchanger (13) and cool end heat exchanger (10) are finned heat exchanger.
6., according to the forced-ventilated cooking stove of one described in regard to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described body of heater (1) is offered the charge door (4) be connected with burner hearth (6).
7. according to the forced-ventilated cooking stove of one described in regard to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the outer wall of described body of heater (1) is provided with battery case (17-2), the fan control knob (17-1) of adjusting rotary speed and the direct current jack (17-3) of external output electric energy.
8. according to the forced-ventilated cooking stove of one described in regard to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described burner hearth (6) is for cylindrical, and being provided with in burner hearth (6) can the combustion chamber assembly of movement.
9. according to the forced-ventilated cooking stove of one described in regard to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described body of heater (1) bottom is provided with the supporting leg (8) supporting body of heater (1).
CN201310557954.8A 2013-11-08 2013-11-08 A kind of forced-ventilated cooking stove Active CN103629701B (en)

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CN108662773A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-10-16 李娜 Automatic control gasification hot-air stove
CN108692330A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-10-23 贵州大学 A kind of self-powered biomass direct-fired furnace blower system
CN109237512B (en) * 2018-08-17 2019-04-30 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of altitude environment self-adapting pipe heat exchange type method for controlling combustion
CN109404919A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-03-01 柳伟军 A kind of solid waste combustion system based on Thomson effect
CN109373355B (en) * 2018-10-18 2019-08-09 林雪如 Environment-friendly type hearth
CN109373354A (en) * 2018-10-18 2019-02-22 林雪如 It is capable of the environment-friendly type hearth of self power generation
CN109404982A (en) * 2018-12-04 2019-03-01 兖矿东华重工有限公司 More backhaul reverse burning furnace tools
CN112984566B (en) * 2021-03-05 2022-12-16 攀枝花学院 Energy-saving large cooking stove

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