菲并吲哚(或喹喏)里西啶生物碱衍生物以及它们的制备和抗植物病毒活性应用
技术领域
本发明涉及13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物以及它们的制备和抗植物病毒活性应用。
背景技术
自1935年首个菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱-娃儿藤碱((R)-tylophorine)(1a)被分离以来,由于其独特的化学结构和显著的生物活性吸引了无数植物学家、合成化学家和药物学家的广泛关注。迄今为止,已经有近100种菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱被报道,它们主要存在于萝藦科(Asclepiadaceae)、桑科(Moraceae)、爵床科(Acanthaceae)和樟科(Lauraceae)植物中。在已被分离出的近百种菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱和菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱中,13a-氢菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱(如:(R)-tylophorine(1a)和(R)-antofine(1b))最为常见。1984年,两种结构新颖的菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱hypoestestatin 1(2a)和hypoestestatin 2(2b)被报道,它们的显著特征是在碳13a的位置都含有角甲基。同时发现hypoestestatin 1(2a)和hypoestestatin 2(2b)都具有特别显著的细胞毒性(对小鼠P-388细胞的ED50低达10-5μg/mL)。在随后几年,另外几种13a-甲基菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱(3a,3b,3c和4)被相继报道。虽然对13a-氢菲并吲哚里西啶和14a-氢菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱研究较多,但对13a非氢取代的菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱和14a非氢取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物的研究却非常少。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物以及它们的制备和抗植物病毒活性。本专利的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物具有很好的光稳定性和热稳定性,表现出很好的活体抗植物病毒活性。
本发明的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物是具有如下通式(I)所示结构的化合物:
本发明的消旋的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物(I)可以按如下方法制备(路线一):
路线一:
首先用取代的苯乙酸1和取代的苯甲醛2依次经过缩合、酯化、氧化偶联和还原得取代的菲甲醇3,经过溴化所得的菲甲基溴4和脯氨酸甲酯经过亲核取代反应的化合物5,化合物5经过Pictect-Spengler环化得关环酯6,化合物6经过转化即可的消旋的目标产物I。
本发明的光学纯的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱衍生物(S-I)可以按如下方法制备(路线二):其中所用的起始原料为D-脯氨酸和菲甲基溴化物4。如果用L-脯氨酸为起始原料,则得到的产物为此路线所得产物的对映体,并编号为(R-I)。
路线二:
本发明的光学纯的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱衍生物(I-A)可以按如下方法制备(路线三):其中所用的起始原料为L-脯氨酸和菲甲醇3。如果用D-脯氨酸为起始原料,则得到的产物为此路线所得产物的对映体,并编号为(ent-I-A)。
路线三:
以上各通式中,
R1和R2分别代表氢、一个至四个卤素原子、一个至四个1-6碳烷氧基、一个至四个羟基、一个至四个酯基、一个至二个OCH2O、一个至二个OCH2CH2O、1-6碳烷羰基、1-10碳烷氧羰基、1-10碳苄氧羰基、1-10碳苄胺羰基、1-10碳烷胺羰基;
R3分别代表烷基、卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、酯基、羧基、酰胺基、醛基、亚胺基、腙,氰基、1-6碳烷氧基、1-4碳烷基羰氧基、1-4碳烷氧基羰氧基、1-10碳含氮杂环、1-10碳含氧杂环、1-10碳含硫杂环,以及上述化合物的立体异构体以及上述化合物的立体异构体;
R4分别代表氢、烷基、卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、酯基、羧基、酰胺基、醛基、亚胺基、腙,氰基、1-6碳烷氧基、1-4碳烷基羰氧基、1-4碳烷氧基羰氧基、1-10碳含氮杂环、1-10碳含氧杂环、1-10碳含硫杂环,以及上述化合物的立体异构体以及上述化合物的立体异构体;
本发明优选如下化学结构式的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物(I):
上述优选化合物与已知13a-氢菲并吲哚里西啶和14a-氢菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物相比具有突出优点,具体表现在:(1)化学稳定性明显增强,同等条件下室温放置或者日光照射同等时间,变质速度明显比对照样品(R)-tylophorine慢很多;(2)光学稳定性明显增强,同等条件下室温放置或者日光照射同等时间,样品消旋速度明显比对照样品(R)-tylophorine慢很多。上述两点对化合物在农药上的应用具有至关重要的作用。
本发明提供的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物(I)具有很好的抗植物病毒活性。
本发明通式(I)的化合物具有优异的抗植物病毒活性,能很好地抑制烟草花叶病毒、辣椒病毒、番茄病毒、甘薯病毒、马铃薯病毒和瓜类病毒及玉米矮花叶病毒等,可有效防治烟草、辣椒、番茄、瓜菜、粮食、蔬菜、豆类等多种作物的病毒病,尤其适合于防治烟草花叶病(TMV)。
上述优选化合物不仅表现出很好的抗TMV离体活性,而且还表现出很好的抗TMV活体活性,其活性明显优于商品化品种宁南霉素。
本发明通式(I)的化合物可以直接使用,也可以加上农业上接受的载体使用,也可以和其他抗植物病毒剂复配使用。
具体实施方式
下述的实施例和生测试验结果可用来进一步说明本发明,但不意味着限制本发明。
实施例1:13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物I-1~I-3、I-15~I-17和I-31~I-32的合成
13a-取代的菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱衍生物I-1、I-2和I-3的合成:
1-甲酸叔丁基-2-甲酸甲酯-2-(2,3,7-三甲氧基菲甲基)吡咯烷的合成:在250mL的圆底烧瓶中加入菲甲醇(1.79g,6mmol)和二氯甲烷,然后用恒压滴液漏斗滴加三溴化磷(3.25g,12mmol)。反应完成后,向反应体系中加入水淬灭反应。分液,有机相用冰水洗涤,分液所得有机相旋蒸脱溶得菲甲基溴化物。菲甲基溴化物不经过进一步提纯,直接进行下一步。100mL的圆底烧瓶中,依次加入i-Pr2NH(0.90g,9mmol)和四氢呋喃(10mL),低温和氩气保护下,加正丁基锂(4.3mL,2.2M in hexane,9.5mmol)。滴毕,加入Boc保护的脯氨酸甲酯(2.06g,9mmol)。半小时后,用注射器加入新制备的菲甲基溴的四氢呋喃(100mL)溶液。然后使反应液自然升至室温,三小时后向反应体系中加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(100mL)淬灭反应。分液,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取,然后将合并的机相脱溶得黄色油状物,柱色谱分离得1-甲酸叔丁基-2-甲酸甲基-2-(2,3,7-三甲氧基菲甲基)吡咯烷:产率:91.8%,白色固体,熔点:73-75℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.94and 7.93(a pair of s,1H),7.85(s,1H),7.73and 7.72(a pair ofd,J=8.4Hz and J=8.8Hz,1H),7.61and 7.55(a pair of s,1H),7.43and 7.41(a pair of s,1H),7.21-7.18(m,1H),4.12(s,3H),4.06and 4.05(a pair of s,3H),4.02(s,3H),4.07and 3.97(a pair ofd,J=14.8Hz and J=14.8Hz,1H),3.88and 3.80(a pair of d,J=14.8Hz and J=14.8Hz,1H)3.81and 3.80(a pair of s,3H),3.51-3.45and 3.39-3.30(a pair of m,1H),3.06-2.98and 2.91-2.77(a pair of m,1H),2.12-2.04(m,1H),2.00-1.94(m,1H),1.75-1.65(m,1H),1.56and 1.52(a pair of s,9H),1.49-1.45(m,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ175.6and 175.4(a pair of s),158.1and158.0(a pair of s),154.6and 153.6(a pair of s),149.4and 149.3(a pair of s),148.63and148.57(a pair of s),130.3and 130.1(a pair of s),129.79,128.75,128.54and 128.49(a pair of s),128.19and 128.12(a pair of s),127.97and 127.9(a pair of s),126.0and 125.9(a pair of s),124.7and 124.6(a pair of s),115.5,105.7and 105.4(a pair of s),103.8and 103.7(a pair of s),80.5and 79.8(a pair of s),69.5and 69.1(a pair of s),56.1and 56.0(a pair of s), 56.0,55.6,52.5,48.2,48.1,36.8,35.7and 35.6(a pair of s),34.2,28.6and 28.5(a pair of s),23.0and 22.6(a pair of s);HRMS calcd for C29H35NO7Na[M+Na]+532.2306,found532.2310。
13a-甲酸甲酯-2,3,6-三甲氧基菲并吲哚里西啶(I-1)的合成:在100mL的圆底烧瓶中依次加入1-甲酸叔丁基-2-甲酸甲基-2-(2,3,7-三甲氧基菲甲基)吡咯烷(0.66g,1.3mmol)、乙醇(50mL)、甲醛水溶液(37%w/w,5mL)和浓盐酸(12mol/L,2mL)。氮气保护下,加热回流20小时。将反应液浓缩,然后向反应瓶中加入氢氧化钠水溶液(3mol/L,30mL),然后用二氯甲烷萃取(30mL*3)。合并有机相,用食盐水(30mL)洗涤,硫酸镁干燥,旋蒸脱溶,然后用柱色谱分离提纯的I-1(0.46g,85%):淡黄色固体,熔点:189-190℃;1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.94-7.87(m,2H),7.93-7.88(m,2H),7.82(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.82(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.35(s,1H),7.20(dd,J=9.0,2.2Hz,1H),4.52(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.45(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.10(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.01(s,3H),3.87(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),3.56(s,3H),3.34(dd,J=14.7,7.6Hz,1H),3.25(dd,J=14.6,7.6Hz,1H),2.98(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),2.41-2.33(m,1H),2.21-2.02(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ177.5,157.6,149.4,148.4,130.2,126.8,125.9,124.4,124.04,123.96,123.6,114.9,104.6,103.9,66.1,56.0,55.9,55.5,51.7,51.3,47.8,37.6,33.7,21.0;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C25H28NO5[M+H]+422.1962,found 422.1955。
13a-亚甲基羟基-2,3,6-三甲氧基菲并吲哚里西啶(I-2)的合成:在100mL的圆底烧瓶中依次加入I-1(0.30g,0.7mmol)、四氢呋喃(40mL),然后在氮气保护下分批加入四氢铝锂(53mg,1.4mmol)。两小时后,加入1毫升水淬灭反应。旋蒸脱溶,然后加入二氯甲烷(50mL)和水(40mL),分液,有机相用饱和食盐水洗涤,硫酸镁干燥,抽滤脱溶,柱色谱分离提纯得I-2(0.27g,98%):灰白色固体,熔点:151-152℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.97-7.91(m,2H),7.84(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.31(s,1H),7.23(dd,J=9.0,2.5Hz,1H),4.41(d,J=17.4Hz,1H),4.31(d,J=17.4Hz,1H),4.12(s,3H),4.08(s,3H),4.02(s,3H),3.70(s,0.7H),3.56(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),3.47(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),3.27-3.20(m,1H),3.00(d,J=17.0Hz,1H),2.93-2.83(m,1H),2.71(d,J=17.0Hz,1H),2.31-2.21(m,1H),2.00-1.75(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ157.7,149.6,148.5,130.1,126.7,124.2,124.1,123.7,123.3,115.0,104.9,104.0,103.6,63.5,61.6,56.1,55.9,55.6,52.1,45.4,34.3,28.1,20.4;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C24H28NO4[M+H]+394.2010,found 394.2010。
13a-甲基-2,3,6-三甲氧基菲并吲哚里西啶(I-3)的合成:在100mL的圆底烧瓶中依次加入I-2(0.20g,0.5mmol)、二氯甲烷和甲烷磺酰氯(68mg,0.6mmol),然后加入三乙胺(66mg,0.65mmol)。室温反应两小时后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液,然后分液。有机相依次用饱和氯化铵、水和饱和食盐水洗涤,硫酸镁干燥,抽滤,旋蒸脱溶,然后加入四氢呋喃(30mL),低温和氮气保护下加入Et3BHLi(2mL,1M in THF,2mmol)。自然升至室温,三小时后加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(20mL)淬灭。分液,有机相用二氯甲烷萃取(30mL*2),合 并有机相,旋蒸脱溶后,用柱色谱分离得I-3(0.14g,73.7%),淡黄色固体,熔点:183-88℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.93(s,1H),7.92(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.85(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.33(s,1H),7.22(dd,J=9.0,2.2Hz,1H),4.46(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.13(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.11(s,3H),4.08(s,3H),4.02(s,3H),3.17-3.08(m,1H),3.01(s,2H),2.95-2.88(m,1H),2.03-1.92(s,4H),1.05(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ157.5,149.4,148.3,130.1,127.4,124.8,124.6,124.3,124.2,123.6,114.9,104.7,103.9,103.8,57.8,56.1,55.9,55.6,50.8,47.1,39.4,35.9,20.2,17.7;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C24H28NO3[M+H]+378.2064,found 378.2067。
13a-甲酸甲酯-2,3,6,7-四甲氧基菲并吲哚里西啶(I-15)的合成:合成方法同I-1。I-15:产率:78%,淡黄色固体,熔点:222-225℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.83(s,1H),7.82(s,1H),7.35(s,1H),7.18(s,1H),4.51(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),4.41(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),4.12(s,3H),4.11(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.05(s,3H),3.91(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),3.55(s,3H),3.41-3.33(m,1H),3.33-3.25(m,1H),3.00(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),2.42-2.34(m,1H),2.19-2.00(m,3H); 13C NMR (100MHz,CDCl3)δ175.3,148.7,148.6,125.6,125.3,124.7,124.3,123.7,123.4,103.9,103.4,103.4,103.2,66.1,56.1,55.9,55.9,51.7,51.3,48.0,37.5,34.0,21.1;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C26H30NO6[M+H]+452.2068,found 452.2060。
13a-亚甲基羟基-2,3,6,7-四甲氧基菲并吲哚里西啶(I-16)的合成:合成方法同I-2。I-16:产率:93%,灰白色固体,熔点:188-190℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.85(s,2H),7.31(s,1H),7.19(s,1H),4.40(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.32(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.13(s,6H),4.07(s,3H),4.05(s,3H),3.60(d,J=10.7Hz,1H),3.54(d,J=10.7Hz,1H),3.31(m,1H),3.06(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),2.87(m,1H),2.79(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),2.31-2.20(m,1H),2.04-1.75(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ147.9,147.7,147.7,124.4,123.3,123.2,122.8,122.4,122.1,102.51,102.48,102.0,62.5,61.4,55.08,54.99,54.96,54.9,51.3,44.7,33.1,27.2,19.5;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C25H30NO5[M+H]+424.2119,found 424.2124。
13a-甲基羟基-2,3,6,7-四甲氧基菲并吲哚里西啶(I-17)的合成:合成方法同I-3。I-17:产率:78%,淡黄色固体,熔点:160-165℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.84(s,2H),7.32(s,1H),7.19(s,1H),4.43(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.14(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.12(s,6H),4.07(s,3H),4.06(s,3H),3.14(m,1H),3.05(m,2H),3.01(m,1H),2.06-1.95(m,4H),1.10(s,3H); 13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ148.8,148.8,148.6,148.5,126.0,125.110,124.3,123.8,123.6,123.4,103.8,103.5,103.5,103.1,58.2,56.1,55.9,55.9,50.9,47.2,39.2,36.0,20.2,17.7;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C25H30NO4[M+H]+408.2169,found 408.2170。
14a-甲酸甲酯-2,3,6-三甲氧基菲并喹喏里西啶(I-31)的合成:合成方法同I-1.I-31:产率:85.8%;熔点189-191℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.90(s,1H),7.88(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.80(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.28(s,1H),7.19(dd,J=9.0,2.0Hz,1H),4.57(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),4.28(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),4.10(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.00(s,3H),3.68(d,J=16.0Hz, 1H),3.53(s,3H),3.29(td,J=11.2,3.6Hz,1H),3.06-2.98(m,2H),2.38(d,J=12.4Hz,1H),1.88-1.74(m,4H),1.50-1.40(m,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ174.7,157.6,149.4,148.3,130.2,126.4,125.5,124.3,123.7,123.5,122.8,114.8,104.7,103.9,103.7,61.8,56.03,55.98,55.5,52.3,51.4,50.1,37.3,37.0,25.7,21.4;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C26H30NO5[M+H]+436.2118 found 436.2124。
14a-亚甲基羟基-2,3,6-三甲氧基菲并喹喏里西啶(I-32)的合成:合成方法同I-32.白色固体:产率95.0%;熔点118-121℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.93(s,1H),7.92(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.78(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.30(s,1H),7.21(dd,J=9.0,2.2Hz,1H),4.50(d,J=17.2Hz,1H),4.11(s,3H),4.08(s,3H),4.01(s,3H),3.81(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),3.31-3.22(m,2H),2.91-2.74(m,3H),2.46(d,J=17.2Hz,1H),2.16-2.09(m,1H),1.77-1.65(m,4H),1.59(d,J=13.6Hz,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ157.6,149.5,148.4,130.2,126.8,124.2,124.2,123.9,123.6,122.5,114.9,104.9,103.9,103.5,65.0,56.1,56.0,55.6,55.3,50.6,50.0,32.4,26.2,26.0,20.6;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C25H30NO4[M+H]+408.2169 found408.2175。
实施例2:13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物I-4、I-11~I-14、I-18、I-22~I-27和I-33的合成
化合物I-4、I-11、I-12和I-14的合成:
I-11的合成:在100mL反应瓶中依次加入乙二醇(40mL),原料酯I-1(0.48g,1.1mmol),水合肼(80%,2mL),加热至回流反应2小时,停止反应,加入二氯甲烷(80mL)稀释反应,经水洗(20mL*3),饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,脱溶得I-1(0.44g,94%):熔点:210℃分解;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.68(s,1H),7.92-7.76(m,3H),7.42(s,1H),7.18(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.21(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),4.16(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),4.08(s,3H),4.07(s,3H),3.98(s,3H),3.82(s,1H),3.73(s,1H),3.40(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),3.22(s,1H), 3.17(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),2.57(dd,J=16.4,8.4Hz,1H),2.30-2.23(m,1H),1.79-1.62(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCI3)δ176.1,157.6,153.9,149.8,148.7,130.1,126.5,125.5,124.2,124.0,123.6,115.2,104.7,103.9,103.8,67.4,56.1,56.9,55.6,54.1,46.8,38.0,29.1,22.6;HRMS(MALDI)m/z calcd for C24H28N3O4[M+H]+422.2074 found 422.2083。
I-12的合成:在100mL反应瓶中依次加入原料肼I-11(0.3g,0.7mmol),二氯甲烷(40mL),搅拌下加入乙酰氯(0.06g,0.77mmol),三乙胺(0.10g,1.0mmol),室温搅拌反应3小时,加入二氯甲烷(40mL)稀释,经水洗、饱和食盐水洗、无水硫酸钠干燥、脱溶后乙醇重结晶得浅黄色固体I-12(0.26g;80.7%):熔点256℃分解;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ9.66(s,1H),9.62(s,1H),8.09(s,2H),7.86(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.44(s,1H),7.23(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.58(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.25(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.02(s,3H),3.98(s,6H),3.74(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.31(s,1H),2.88(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.80(dd,J=16.4,8.0Hz,1H),2.30-2.14(m,1H),2.05-1.85(m,3H),1.74(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,d6-DMSO)δ173.2,167.7,157.4,149.3,148.3,129.7,126.1,125.2,124.2,123.4,123.0,115.5,104.71,104.66,104.1,104.0,99.5,65.4,55.9,55.4,52.2,46.2,38.0,27.4,21.1,20.4;HRMS(MALDI)m/z calcd for C26H29N3O5Na[M+Na]+486.1999 found 486.2004。
I-13的合成:方法同I-12的合成。黄色固体;产率74.3%;熔点209℃分解; 13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ173.3,164.2,157.6,149.7,148.5,132.1,131.5,130.0,128.5,127.2,126.3,124.9,124.2,124.0,123.5,115.0,104.7,103.8,103.7,99.9,67.4,56.1,56.0,55.5,54.0,46.6,38.3,28.6,22.5;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C31H31N3O5Na[M+Na]+548.2156found 548.2156。
I-14的合成:100mL反应瓶中加入原料酸I-4(0.45g,1.1mmol),新蒸四氢呋喃(40mL),N2保护下降至-78℃,缓慢加入甲基锂(2.75mL,1.6M in ether,4.4mmol),自然升至室温,继续搅拌反应2小时,加入两滴水淬灭反应,减压脱溶,加入二氯甲烷(50mL),然后用水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,脱溶,柱色谱分离得白色固体I-14(0.30g,66%):熔点:199-200℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.83(s,2H),7.40(s,1H),7.16(s,1H),4.48(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.39(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.12(s,3H),4.11(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.04(s,3H),3.78(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.42-3.38(m,1H),3.06(dd,J=14.8,7.2Hz,1H),2.92(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.21(s,4H),2.04-1.95(m,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ212.1,149.0,148.9,148.7,148.7,125.5,124.5,124.4,124.3,123.8,123.5,103.9,103.6,103.1,70.9,56.1,56.1,56.0,55.9,52.4,47.5,36.3,28.4,25.2,21.6;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C25H28NO4[M+H]+406.2013 found 406.2013。
I-18的合成:方法同I-4的合成。产率72%;熔点:214-215℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.83(s,2H),7.40(s,1H),7.16(s,1H),4.48(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.39(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.12(s,3H),4.11(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.04(s,3H),3.78(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.41-3.37(m,1H),3.06(dd,J=14.0,6.0Hz,1H),2.92(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.21(s,4H),2.04-1.95(m, 1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ212.1,149.0,148.9,148.7,148.7,125.5,124.5,124.4,124.3,123.8,123.5,103.9,103.4,103.1,70.9,56.1,56.1,56.0,55.9,52.4,47.5,36.3,28.2,25.2,21.6;HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd for C25H26NO6[M+H]+436.2118found 436.2117。
I-23的合成:方法同I-11的合成。产率96%;熔点217℃分解;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.66(s,1H),7.85(s,1H),7.83(s,1H),7.48(s,1H),7.27(s,1H),4.32(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),4.20(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),4.12(s,3H),4.12(s,3H),4.10(s,3H),4.07(s,3H),3.78(s,2H),3.53(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),3.33-3.26(m,1H),3.23(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),2.66(dd,J=16.8,8.8Hz,1H),2.35-2.25(m,1H),1.86-1.75(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ176.1,149.1,148.9,148.8,148.7,126.5,126.2,125.2,124.2,123.7,123.4,103.8,103.5,103.4,103.0,67.4,56.1,56.1,55.9,54.2,47.2,38.0,29.2,22.6;HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd forC25H30N3O5[M+H]+452.2180 found 452.2183。
I-25的合成:方法同I-12的合成。产率85%;熔点212℃分解;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ9.69(s,1H),9.59(s,1H),8.02(s,2H),7.43(s,1H),7.23(s,1H),4.57(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.26(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.02(s,6H),3.96(s,3H),3.93(s,3H),3.79(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),3.17-3.01(m,1H),2.88(d,J=16.8,1H),2.86-2.80(m,1H),2.28-2.18(m,1H),2.05-1.98(m,1H),1.95-1.87(m,2H),1.75(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ173.2,167.7,148.5,148.4,124.8,124.7,124.7,123.6,123.2,122.9,104.3,104.2,104.0,103.2,65.4,55.9,55.8,55.4,52.3,46.5,45.6,38.0,27.7,21.2;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C27H32N3O6[M+H]+494.2286found 494.2290。
I-27的合成:100mL反应瓶中加入原料酯I-1(0.40g,0.89mmol),乙二醇(30mL),滴加一滴浓盐酸,加热至回流反应2小时,停止反应,加入二氯甲烷(80mL)稀释,经水洗(30mL*3),饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,脱溶,柱色谱分离得白色固体(0.33g,77.1%):熔点:212-214℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.80(s,1H),7.79(s,1H),7.33(s,1H),7.13(s,1H),4.45(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),4.39(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),4.15-4.11(m,1H),4.10(s,3H),4.10(s,3H),4.07(s,3H),4.04(s,3H),4.03-3.97(m,1H),3.91(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),3.56-3.44(m,2H),3.38-3.25(m,2H),2.99(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),2.45-2.37(m,1H),2.16-2.05(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ174.6,148.9,148.7,125.3,125.0,124.8,124.0,123.8,123.4,103.7,103.40,103.36,103.0,66.5,66.0,61.0,56.03,55.95,55.9,51.6,48.2,37.0,34.0,21.1;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C27H32NO7[M+H]+482.2173found 482.2169。
实施例3:13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物I-5~I-9、I-19~I-22、I-28~I-30和I-34~I-39的合成
化合物I-19、I-22和I-28的合成:
I-22的合成:100mL反应瓶中加入二氯甲烷(40mL),原料醇I-16(0.40g,0.95mmol),DMAP(0.14g,1.1mmol),室温搅拌下缓慢滴加乙酰氯(0.08g,1.0mmol)的二氯甲烷(10mL)溶液,滴加完毕,继续搅拌反应2小时。减压脱溶,加入水(30mL),滴加氢氧化钠饱和溶液,调节pH至14,二氯甲烷萃取(30mL*3),合并有机相,经饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,脱溶得棕黄色固体,柱色谱分离得黄色固体(0.35g,80%):熔点167-170℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.85(s,1H),7.85(s,1H),7.33(s,1H),7.19(s,1H),4.39(d,J=16.3Hz,1H),4.31(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.18(d,J=11.1Hz,1H),4.13(s,6H),4.08(s,3H),4.05(s,3H),4.01(d,J=11.1Hz,1H),3.17(s,1H),3.13(s,1H),3.05(dd,J=15.7,8.1Hz,1H),2.98(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.19-2.12(m,1H),2.03-1.93(m,2H),1.98(s,3H),1.83-1.90(m,1H);HRMS(ESI)calcd for C27H32NO6[M+H]+466.2224found466.2218。
I-28的合成:100mL反应瓶中加入原料醛1-16(0.30g,0.71mmol),无水乙醇(40mL),搅拌下加入盐酸羟胺(0.04g,0.85mmol),乙酸钠(0.087g,1.1mmol),室温下搅拌反应5小时,停止反应,抽滤,滤饼经水洗,烘干得白色固体(0.30g,97%):熔点:196℃分解;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ10.60(s,1H),8.03(s,2H),7.39(s,1H),7.36(s,1H),7.20(s,1H),4.43(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.06(s,1H),4.03(s,6H),3.95(s,3H),3.94(s,3H),3.59(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.16-3.08(m,1H),3.01-2.93(m,2H),2.24-2.16(m,1H),2.02-1.92(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ162.3,150.3,148.5,148.4,148.3,125.2,125.0,124.2,123.6,123.3,122.8,104.3,104.0,103.3,60.9,55.9,55.9,55.4,55.4,50.3,47.3,36.4,32.0,20.5;HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd for C25H29N2O5[M+H]+437.2071found 437.2076。
I-29的合成:方法同I-28的合成。白色固体;产率95.5%;熔点220℃分解;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ8.03(s,2H),7.40(s,1H),7.37(s,1H),7.20(s,1H),4.41(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.8(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.02(s,6H),3.95(s,3H),3.93(s,3H),3.58(s,3H),3.53(d, J=16.4Hz,1H),3.13-3.08(m,1H),2.98(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),2.95-2.89(m,1H),2.28-2.23(m,1H),1.99-1.87(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ151.6,148.5,148.4,148.3,125.0,124.4,124.3,123.5,123.2,122.8,104.3,104.2,104.0,103.3,60.9,55.83,55.81,55.33,55.31,50.27,47.1,36.1,32.7,20.4;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C26H31N2O5[M+H]+451.2227 found451.2235。
I-30的合成:方法同I-28的合成。白色固体:产率95%;熔点:242-245℃;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ8.02(s,2H),7.37(s,1H),7.19(s,1H),7.03(s,1H),6.00(s,2H),4.38(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.06(s,1H),4.02(s,6H),3.94(s,3H),3.93(s,3H),3.51(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),3.04-2.98(m,1H),2.96-2.91(m,1H),2.88(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.20-2.11(m,1H),1.99-1.82(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ148.5,148.3,148.2,142.8,125.3,125.2,124.2,123.8,123.2,122.8,104.2,104.0,103.3,61.6,55.9,55.8,55.4,50.3,47.1,36.4,31.4,20.7;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C25H30N3O4[M+H]+436.2231found 436.2228。
I-20的合成:方法同I-22的合成。黄色固体:产率75%;熔点176-179℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.85(s,1H),7.85(s,1H),7.33(s,1H),7.19(s,1H),4.40(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),4.31(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),4.16(d,J=11.1Hz,1H),4.13(s,6H),4.06(s,6H),3.96(d,J=11.0Hz,1H),3.24(d,J=16.3Hz,1H),3.17(dd,J=13.7,8.1Hz,1H),3.08(dd,J=15.5,8.1Hz,1H),2.96(d,J=16.3Hz,1H),2.18-2.07(m,1H),2.06-1.94(m,2H),1.86-1.94(m,1H),1.06(s,9H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ178.4,148.81,148.76,148.54,148.52,125.7,124.9,124.8,124.4,123.8,123.4,103.6,103.4,103.0,66.3,60.3,56.1,55.93,55.87,52.2,47.5,38.7,35.6,30.9,27.1,20.8;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C30H38NO6[M+H]+508.2694found 508.2699。
I-21的合成:方法同I-22的合成。黄色固体,产率70%;熔点164-167℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.85(s,1H),7.84(s,1H),7.77(s,1H),7.75(s,1H),7.46(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.34(s,1H),7.28-7.24(m,2H),7.20(s,1H),4.42(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),4.41(s,1H),4.26(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),4.13(s,3H),4.12(s,3H),4.04(s,3H),4.04(s,3H),3.32(d,J=16.3Hz,1H),3.26-3.20(m,1H),3.16-3.11(m,1H),3.07(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.25(dd,J=13.9,6.6Hz,1H),2.10-1.94(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.5,148.8,148.8,148.6,148.5,132.9,130.0,129.5,128.2,125.7,125.0,124.9,124.4,123.8,123.4,103.7,103.5,103.1,67.3,60.3,56.1,55.9,52.3,47.7,35.7,31.3,20.9;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C32H34NO6[M+H]+528.2381found 528.2386。
I-5的合成:方法同I-19的合成。浅黄色固体:产率83.2%;mp 194-196℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.67(s,1H),7.92(s,1H),7.89(s,1H),7.79(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.37(s,1H),7.20(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.54(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.46(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.11(s,3H), 4.09(s,3H),4.01(s,3H),3.58(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.38-3.30(m,1H),3.15-3.06(m,1H),2.92(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.29-2.22(m,1H),2.10-2.02(m,2H),1.94-1.86(m,1H);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ203.35,156.71,148.58,147.56,129.23,125.59,124.12,123.13,122.91,122.70,122.21,113.97,103.78,103.02,102.78,67.76,55.06,54.91,54.53,51.06,46.38,32.75,26.16,20.72;HRMS Calcd for C24H26NO4[M+H]+392.1856,found:392.1860and[M+CH3OH+H]+424.2119,found:424.2115。
I-6的合成:方法同I-22的合成。浅黄色固体:产率78.6%;熔点157-159℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.94(s,1H),7.91(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.83(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.32(s,1H),7.22(dd,J=8.8,2.0Hz,1H),4.48(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.36(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.26-4.16(m,1H),4.11(s,3H),4.06(s,3H),4.02(s,4H),3.20(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.06(dd,J=14.8,8.0Hz,1H),2.97(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.18-2.09(m,1H),2.07-1.86(m,3H),1.28-1.18(m,1H),1.03(s,9H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ178.3,157.7,149.5,148.5,130.1,124.5,124.2,124.1,123.8,115.0,104.8,104.1,103.6,66.5,56.1,55.9,55.6,52.2,47.2,38.7,35.6,30.5,27.0,20.7;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C29H36NO5[M+H]+478.2588 found478.2587。
I-7的合成:方法同I-22的合成。浅黄色固体:产率76.5%;熔点141-143℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.94-7.91(m,2H),7.85(d,J=,8.8Hz,1H),7.75(s,1H),7.74(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),7.47-7.42(m,1H),7.33(s,1H),7.25-7.20(m,3H),4.49-4.40(m,3H),4.28(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),4.11(s,3H),4.04(s,3H),4.03(s,3H),3.27(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),3.24-3.19(m,1H),3.14-3.08(m,1H),3.06(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.26-2.20(m,1H),2.08-1.95(m,1H);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.5,157.2,149.5,148.4,132.9,130.1,130.0,129.4,128.2,126.9,125.5,124.3,124.2,124.2,123.7,115.0,104.8,104.0,103.7,67.5,60.4,56.1,55.9,55.6,52.2,47.4,35.7,30.9,20.9HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C31H32NO5[M+H]+498.2275found 498.2275。
I-8的合成:方法同I-28的合成。白色固体:产率96.6%;熔点210-212℃;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ10.59(s,1H),8.09(s,1H),8.09(s,1H),7.81(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.39(s,1H),7.34(s,1H),7.21(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.46-4.35(m,2H),4.03(s,4H),3.98(s,3H),3.96(s,3H),3.56(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.13-3.05(m,1H),2.97-2.90(m,2H),2.22-2.15(m,1H),2.01-1.86(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,d6-DMSO)δ157.3,150.3,149.3,148.3,129.6,126.4,124.7,124.5,124.2,123.3,123.1,115.4,104.7,104.1,60.9,56.0,55.9,55.4,50.2,47.1,36.5,31.8,20.5,18.5;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C24H27N2O4[M+H]+407.1965found407.1969。
I-9的合成:方法同I-28的合成。白色固体:产率94.8%;熔点206-207℃;1H NMR(400 MHz,d6-DMSO)δ8.11-8.09(m,2H),7.82(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.41(s,1H),7.38(s,1H),7.22(dd,J=9.0,2.0Hz,1H),4.40(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.08(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.03(s,3H),3.99(s,3H),3.97(s,3H),3.57(s,3H),3.51(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.10-3.05(m,1H),3.01-2.88(m,2H),2.28-2.20(m,1H),1.92-1.87(m,2H);13C NMR(100MHz,d6-DMSO)δ157.4,151.8,149.4,148.4,129.7,126.4,124.9,124.3,124.0,123.3,123.1,115.5,104.8,104.2,60.9,55.9,55.48,55.46,50.3,47.0,36.2,32.5,20.5;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C25H29N2O4[M+H]+421.2122 found 421.2116。
I-10的合成:方法同I-28的合成。白色固体:产率97.2%;熔点250-252℃;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ8.11-8.06(m,2H),7.82(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.39(s,1H),7.20(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.03(s,1H),5.98(s,2H),4.37(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.07(s,1H),4.02(s,3H),3.98(s,3H),3.96(s,3H),3.49(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),3.00(dd,J=14.2,7.2Hz,1H),2.95-2.82(m,2H),2.19-2.09(m,1H),1.93-1.79(m,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,d6-DMSO)δ157.2,149.3,148.3,142.8,129.6,126.6,124.7,124.2,123.5,123.0,115.4,104.7,104.1,61.6,55.9,55.4,55.4,50.2,46.9,36.4,31.3,20.6;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C24H28N3O3[M+H]+406.2125found 406.2124。
I-34的合成:方法同I-19的合成。浅黄色固体:产率83.6%;熔点169-171℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.71(s,1H),7.91(s,1H),7.89(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.77(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.32(s,1H),7.20(dd,J=9.0,2.4Hz,1H),4.59(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.37(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.11(s,6H),4.10(s,1H),4.01(s,3H),3.38(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.14(ddd,J=11.6,7.2,3.6Hz,1H),3.07(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),3.01-2.93(m,1H),2.11-2.05(m,1H),1.86-1.75(m,3H),1.70-1.61(m,4H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ205.3,157.7,149.5,148.5,130.3,126.3,124.7,124.1,123.7,123.6,122.3,114.9,104.8,104.0,103.7,64.6,56.1,56.0,55.6,52.3,49.8,31.7,29.3,25.5,20.2;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C25H28NO4[M+H]+406.2013found 406.2009。
I-35的合成:方法同I-22的合成。白色固体:产率89.7%;熔点218-220℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.93(s,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.76(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.29(s,1H),7.20(d,J=8.,4Hz,1H),4.43(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),4.29(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.21(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.11(s,3H),4.06(s,3H),4.01(s,3H),3.18(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.96-2.85(m,3H),2.14-2.02(m,1H),1.89-1.60(m,6H),1.03(s,9H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ178.3,157.5,149.4,148.4,130.1,126.7,124.74,124.70,124.1,123.7,123.3,114.9,104.8,104.0,103.6,61.7,56.0,55.9,55.6,53.9,51.8,50.1,38.7,34.7,27.0,26.0,20.3;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C30H38NO5[M+H]+492.2744 found 492.2738。
I-36的合成:方法同I-22的合成。白色固体:产率92.7%;熔点194-195℃;1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ7.95-7.88(m,2H),7.78-7.71(m,3H),7.44(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.30(s,1H),7.27-7.18(m,3H),4.68(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),4.40(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),4.32(s,2H),4.09(s,3H),4.05(s,3H),4.01(s,3H),3.25(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),3.11-3.03(m,1H),3.03-2.88(m,2H),2.23-2.14(m,1H),1.91-1.69(m,5H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ244.4,166.5,157.6,149.5,148.4,132.9,130.1,130.0,129.4,128.2,126.7,124.1,123.8,123.7,123.4,114.9,104.8,104.1,103.8,63.3,56.1,56.0,55.6,54.2,52.0,50.1,35.0,33.8,26.0,20.5;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C32H34NO5[M+H]+512.2431found 512.2430。
I-37的合成:方法同I-28的合成。白色固体:产率92.3%;熔点215℃分解;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ10.57(s,1H),8.08(s,2H),7.78(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.57(s,1H),7.34(s,1H),7.20(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.20(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.02(s,3H),3.98(s,3H),3.95(s,3H),3.40(s,1H),2.98(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.87-2.75(m,2H),2.05-2.00(m,1H),1.75-1.61(m,5H);13C NMR(100MHz,d6-DMSO)δ157.2,150.4,149.3,148.3,137.9,129.6,126.1,124.5,124.1,123.9,123.0,115.4,104.8,104.7,104.0,55.9,55.6,55.5,55.4,51.4,49.2,36.9,25.5,20.3;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C25H28N2O4[M+H]+421.2122 found 421.2126。
I-38的合成:方法同I-28的合成。白色固体:产率93.2%;熔点201℃分解;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ8.09(s,2H),7.78(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.58(s,1H),7.32(s,1H),7.21(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.22(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.08(s,1H),4.02(s,3H),3.98(s,3H),3.96(s,3H),3.57(s,3H),3.33(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),3.00(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),2.92-2.74(m,2H),2.14-2.07(m,1H),1.75-1.60(m,5H);13C NMR(100MHz,d6-DMSO)δ157.4,151.8,149.4,148.4,129.7,125.9,124.6,124.1,123.3,123.0,122.9,115.4,104.8,104.1,60.9,55.9,55.7,55.49,55.46,51.2,49.4,36.6,25.4,20.4;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C26H31N2O4[M+H]+435.2278 found 435.2278。
I-39的合成:方法同I-28的合成。白色固体:产率91.9%;熔点225-227℃;1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ8.09-8.06(m,2H),7.78(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.34(s,1H),7.25(s,1H),7.20(dd,J=9.2,2.0Hz,1H),5.95(s,2H),4.17(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),4.07(s,1H),4.02(s,3H),3.97(s,3H),3.95(s,3H),3.28(s,1H),2.93(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.82-2.75(m,2H),1.98(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),1.71-1.58(m,5H);13C NMR(100MHz,d6-DMSO)δ157.2,149.3,148.2,143.0,129.6,126.3,124.6,124.2,124.0,123.2,122.9,115.31104.7,104.0,56.1,55.9,55.4,51.4,49.3,36.9,25.7,20.5;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C25H30N3O3[M+H]+420.2282found 420.2286。
实施例4:光学纯的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱衍生物S-I-1~S-I-4和R-I-1~R-I-3的合成
化合物S-I-1、S-I-2和S-I-3的合成:
噁唑啉酮的合成:在配有分水器的1000mL的圆底烧瓶中依次加入D-脯氨酸(11.5g,100mmol)、氯仿(500mL)和水合氯醛(26.5g,120mmol),加毕后开始加热回流,六小时后停止加热。旋蒸脱溶,所得油状物用乙醇重结晶即得无色至浅棕色固体(18.6g,83%):mp 110-111℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.17(s,1H)4.12(dd,J=8.8,4.6Hz,1H),3.48-3.38(m,1H),3.18-3.08(m,1H),2.29-2.17(m,1H),2.16-2.08(m,1H),2.00-1.88(m,1H),1.82-1.68(m,1H)。
菲环取代的噁唑啉酮的合成:250mL的圆底烧瓶中加入i-Pr2NH(0.90g,9mmol)和四氢呋喃(10mL)。-78℃氮气保护下,缓慢加入n-BuLi(4.3mL,2.2M in hexane,9.5mmol)。十分钟后,加入噁唑啉酮(2.21g,9mmol)的四氢呋喃(30mL)溶液。然后将温度升至-35℃,半小时后加入2,3,6-三甲氧基菲甲基溴(2.2g,6mmol)的四氢呋喃(100mL)溶液。加毕后自然升高温度至室温,三小时后加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(100mL)淬灭。分液,水相用乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL*2),合并有机相,旋蒸脱溶的黄色油状物,柱色谱分离得白色固体:2.7g,86%;mp 217-220℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.93(s,1H),7.85(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.77(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.73(s,1H),7.64(s,1H),7.21(dd,J=8.8,2.0Hz,1H),5.05(s,1H),4.13(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.03(s,3H),3.73(d,J=14.6Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=14.6Hz,1H),3.07-2.98(m,1H),2.80-2.70(m,1H),2.05(d,6.0Hz,1H),2.03(d,6.0Hz,1H),1.53-1.41(m,1H),1.30-1.21(m,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ176.7,158.3,149.6,148.8,130.6,130.1,128.69,127.62,127.3,125.8,124.7,115.7,105.7,103.7,102.8,100.6,73.5,58.2,56.5,56.0,55.6,38.84,34.83,25.0;HRMS(ESI)calcd forC25H24C13NO5Na[M+Na]+546.0612,found 546.0610;
S-I-1的合成:250mL的圆底烧瓶中加入菲甲基取代的噁唑啉酮(1.01g,2mmol)和无水甲醇(100mL),然后在冰水浴下分批加入金属钠(46mg,2mmol)。加毕后,加热至固 体消失,然后再将反应液置于冰水浴中。用恒压滴液漏斗加入乙酰氯(3.14g,40mmol),半小时滴完。滴完后升至室温反应一小时,然后加热回流12小时。旋蒸出去溶剂,然后向反应瓶中加入饱和的碳酸钠水溶液(30mL),用二氯甲烷萃取(30mL*2)。合并有机相,旋蒸脱溶,然后向反应瓶中加入乙醇(100mL),HCHO(3mL,30%w/w)和浓盐酸(12mol/L,3mL)。加热回流20小时后,旋蒸出去溶剂,加入饱和碳酸钠水溶液(30mL),用二氯甲烷萃取(30mL*2)。合并有机相,旋蒸脱溶,柱色谱分离得S-I-1(0.84g,1.5mmol,75%),灰白色固体,mp 187-190℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.91(s,1H),7.89(s,1H),7.82(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.35(s,1H),7.21(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.52(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.46(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.10(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.01(s,3H),3.87(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),3.56(s,3H),3.39-3.31(m,1H),3.29-3.21(m,1H),2.98(d,J=15.8Hz,1H),2.34-2.32(m,1H),2.18-2.00(m,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ174.2,156.6,148.4,147.4,129.2,125.8,124.8,123.4,123.0,122.9,122.6,113.8,103.6,102.9,65.1,55.0,54.9,54.5,50.7,50.3,46.7,36.5,32.5,20.0;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C25H28NO5[M+H]+422.1962,found 422.1966;
S-I-2的合成:方法同I-2的合成。Mp:163-165℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.93(s,1H),7.91(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.82(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.31(s,1H),7.21(dd,J=9.0,2.2Hz,1H),4.40(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),4.29(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),4.10(s,3H),4.07(s,3H),4.01(s,3H),3.56(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),3.47(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),3.27-3.20(m,1H),3.00(d,J=17.0Hz,1H),2.87(dd,J=17.0,8.5Hz,1H),2.72(d,J=16.9Hz,1H),2.30-2.20(m,1H),1.96-1.84(m,2H),1.83-1.74(m,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ157.7,149.6,148.5,130.2,126.7,124.2,124.2,123.7,123.3,115.0,104.9,104.1,103.6,63.5,61.4,56.1,56.0,55.6,52.1,45.4,34.3,28.1,20.4;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C24H28NO4[M+H]+394.2010,found 394.2009;
S-I-3的合成:方法同I-3的合成。Mp 195-199℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ8.04(s,1H),7.99(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.84(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.39(s,1H),7.21(dd,J=9.0,2.4Hz,1H),4.44(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.06(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),4.05(s,3H),4.00(s,3H),3.99(s,3H),3.14(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),3.12-3.08(m,1H),3.03(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),2.96-2.87(m,1H),2.06-1.94(s,4H),1.06(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CD3OD)δ159.3,151.0,150.1,131.7,128.2,125.5,125.36,125.3,125.2,124.8,124.5,116.7,105.4,105.2,60.4,56.5,56.3,56.0,51.7,47.8,39.7,36.8,20.9,18.0;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C24H28NO3[M+H]+378.2064,found 378.2068;
R-I-1、R-I-2和R-I-3和S-I-1、S-I-2和S-I-3的合成方法相同,核磁数据吻合,旋光符号相反。
实施例5:光学纯的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱衍生物I-A-1~II-A-6和ent-I-A-1~ent-I-A-3的合成
化合物ent-I-A-1~ent-I-A-3的合成:
双溴化物的合成:500mL圆底烧瓶中加入菲甲醇(7.4g,24.8mmol)和二氯甲烷(500mL),室温下用恒压滴液漏斗滴加液溴(1.42mL,27.3mmol)的二氯甲烷(50mL)溶液。三小时后,将反应液旋蒸脱溶,柱色谱分离的双溴化物(9.3g,85%):灰白色固体,mp:184-186℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.07(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),7.80(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.78(s,2H),7.27(dd,J=9.1,2.3Hz,1H),5.33(s,2H),4.10(s,4H),4.08(s,4H),4.01(s,4H);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ158.36,150.13,150.10,130.90,129.37,126.51,125.79,125.59,124.12,122.96,116.03,109.62,104.85,103.21,56.13,56.04,55.56,44.95。
甲基化的噁唑啉酮的合成:250mL圆底烧瓶中加入i-Pr2NH(13.5mL,96mmol)和四氢呋喃(100mL)。-78℃和氮气保护下,缓慢滴加正丁基锂(42mL,2.4M,100.8mmol)。滴毕后十分钟,加入恶唑啉酮(18g,80mmol)的四氢呋喃(300mL)溶液,一个半小时后,加入碘甲烷(5.9mL,115.2mmol),然后自然升至室温。三小时后,向反应体系中加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(100mL)淬灭反应。分液,有机相用乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL*3),合并有机相,旋蒸脱溶。所得粗品溶于二氯甲烷(200mL),然后依次用水(50mL*2)、稀盐酸(50mL*2)和饱和食盐水(50mL*2)洗涤,硫酸镁干燥,抽滤,旋蒸脱溶的产物(14.3g,75%):无色固体,mp 58-59℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.99(s,1H),3.44-3.34(m,1H),3.28-3.15(m,1H),2.27-2.18(m,1H),2.03-1.92(m,1H),1.92-1.73(m,2H),1.53(s,3H).
甲基化的脯氨酸甲酯盐酸盐的合成:在冰水浴和氮气保护下,向装有甲基化噁唑啉酮(11.9g,50mmol)和无水甲醇(150mL)的250mL的圆底烧瓶慢慢滴加二甲亚砜(8.7mL,120mmol)。滴毕后半小时撤去冰水浴,室温反应半小时后开始加热回流,四小时后停 止加热。旋蒸脱溶,并用甲苯(40mL)带溶剂两次,然后用乙醚洗涤粗品三次(30mL*3),旋蒸出去残余乙醚记得产物(8.8g,98%):灰白色固体,mp 142-144℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ10.48(brs,1H),9.53(brs,1H),3.86(s,3H),3.62(brs,2H),2.54-2.31(m,1H),2.22-1.98(m,3H),1.86(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ171.14,68.84,53.73,45.27,35.93,22.62,21.32.
氮烷基化产物的合成:500mL的园地烧瓶中依次加入双溴化物(5.3g,12mmol)、碳酸钾(8.3g,60mmol)、二氯甲烷和DMF的混合物(1∶1,200mL)和甲基化的脯氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(2.58g,14.4mmol)。加热回流十小时后,旋蒸脱溶除去大部分溶剂,然后加入二氯甲烷(200mL),然后依次用水(100mL*3)和饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤。有机相用硫酸镁干燥,抽滤,旋蒸脱溶的粗品,柱色谱分离得产品(4.87g,81%):白色固体,mp 150-152℃;1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.49(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.89(s,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.83(s,1H),7.21(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),4.50(t,J=14.0Hz,2H),4.12(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.02(s,3H),3.84(s,3H),3.01-2.92(m,1H),2.72-2.66(m,1H),2.34-2.22(m,1H),1.82-1.53(m,3H),1.61(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ175.86,158.06,149.83,149.36,131.35,130.69,128.17,126.24,126.07,125.12,122.55,115.11,109.93,104.23,103.29,67.55,56.14,56.00,55.50,51.47,50.63,49.80,37.99,21.47,21.04;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C25H29BrNO5[M+H]+502.1229,found 502.1260;
化合物ent-I-A-1的合成:250mL的圆底烧瓶中加入氮烷基化产物(1.83g,3.6mmol)和无水四氢呋喃(150mL),-78℃和氮气保护下滴加正丁基锂(5.0mL,1.6M,7.9mmol)。反应一个半小时后,向反应体系加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(50mL)。分液,有机相用乙酸乙酯(100mL*3)萃取。合并有机相,旋蒸脱溶,粗品溶于二氯甲烷(100mL)中,然后依次用水(100mL*3)和饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤。分液所得有机相用硫酸镁干燥,抽滤,旋蒸脱溶,柱色谱分离的产物ent-I-A-1(0.99g,70%):黄色固体,mp 150-152℃;1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.10(s,1H),7.99(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.87(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.25(dd,J=9.2,2.4Hz,1H),4.71(s,2H),4.11(s,3H),4.10(s,3H),4.05(s,3H),3.23-3.16(m,1H),3.09-3.01(m,1H),2.72-2.65(m,1H),1.95-1.76(m,3H),1.41(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ202.68,160.36,150.30,148.65,137.86,134.35,126.76,124.62,124.46,122.35,120.70,115.81,108.06,104.62,103.12,68.19,55.92,55.89,55.55,51.82,45.59,35.24,20.72,19.47;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C24H26NO4[M+H]+392.1862,found 392.1892;
化合物ent-I-A-2和ent-I-A-3的合成:冰水浴和氮气保护的条件下,向装有250mLent-I-A-1(1.02g,2.6mmol)和四氢呋喃(100mL)的圆底烧瓶中缓慢滴加三乙基硼氢化锂(13mL,1M in THF,13mmol)。两小时后,向反应体系中加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(20mL)淬灭反应。分液,水相用乙酸乙酯(60mL*3)萃取。合并有机相,旋蒸脱溶的粗品,柱色谱分离得ent-I-A-2(0.76g)和ent-I-A-3(0.19g),总产率93%。
ent-I-A-2:淡黄色固体:mp 120-124℃;1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ8.10(s,1H),8.03(s,1H),8.00(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.87(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.23(dd,J=9.0,2.4Hz,1H),5.21(s,1H),4.29(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.10(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.07(s,3H),4.03(s,3H),4.02(s,3H),3.19-3.09(m,1H),2.99-2.90(m,1H),2.17-1.90(m,4H),1.09(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,MeOD)δ159.78,150.11,149.82,132.34,129.16,128.85,128.04,126.21,125.93,124.72,116.82,108.99,105.25,105.20,75.15,64.65,56.47,56.31,55.96,51.90,48.84,39.49,21.51,12.26;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C24H28NO4[M+H]+394.2018,found 394.2022;
ent-I-A-3:淡黄色固体,130-133℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ8.05(s,1H),7.95(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.79(s,1H),7.40(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.02(dd,J=9.0,2.1Hz,1H),4.86(s,1H),4.11(s,3H),4.07(s,3H),4.04(s,3H),3.83(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),3.60(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),3.22-3.14(m,1H),2.69(dd,J=17.2,8.8Hz,1H),2.61(dd,J=17.2,8.8Hz,1H),2.07-1.95(m,2H),1.73-1.64(m,1H),0.82(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,MeOD)δ159.79,151.01,150.11,132.28,128.63,127.89,127.63,125.85,125.59,124.23,116.67,106.65,105.40,105.18,70.40,64.07,56.61,56.42,55.90,51.92,48.85,32.83,21.08,13.76.HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C24H28NO4[M+H]+394.2018,found 394.2018;
化合物I-A-1~I-A-3的核磁数据与ent-I-A-1~ent-I-A-3同,旋光符号相反。
化合物I-A-4~I-A-6的合成:合成方法同ent-I-A-1~ent-I-A-3的合成。
化合物I-A-4:淡黄色固体:mp 141-147℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.35(d,J=9.4Hz,1H),7.93(s,1H),7.90(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.32(s,1H),7.29(s,1H),4.69(d,J=17.8Hz,1H),4.61(d,J=17.8Hz,1H),4.16(s,3H),4.10(s,3H),4.04(s,3H),3.25-3.18(m,1H),3.10-3.02(m,1H),2.76-2.64(m,1H),2.01-1.77(m,3H),1.42(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ202.12,157.90,151.16,149.74,136.12,131.16,129.36,127.72,123.76,122.79,122.45,115.64,104.65,104.59,103.87,68.01,56.06,56.02,55.51,51.95,45.84,35.15,20.84,19.43;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C24H26NO4(M+H)+392.1862,found 392.1893;
化合物I-A-5:淡黄色固体:113-117℃;1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ8.50(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),8.03(s,1H),7.97(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.26(s,1H),7.20(dd,J=9.2,2.4Hz,1H),5.24(s,1H),4.24(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.09(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),4.06(s,3H),4.01(s,6H),3.18-3.07(m,1H),3.02-2.92(m,1H),2.14-1.91(m,4H),1.10(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,MeOD)δ159.17,151.11,150.50,132.86,130.69,129.30,127.52,126.30,126.28,125.66,115.96,105.48,105.07,105.02,74.81,64.70,56.58,56.41,55.90,52.04,48.82,39.49,21.61,12.62; HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C24H28NO4[M+H]+394.2018,found 394.2042;
化合物I-A-6:淡黄色固体:123-126℃;1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ8.10(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.60(s,1H),7.08(dd,J=9.2,2.4Hz,1H),6.06(s,1H),4.55(s,1H),3.87(s,3H),3.84(s,3H),3.59(s,3H),3.01(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),2.92-2.79(m,1H),2.83(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),2.40(dd,J=26.8,9.4Hz,1H),2.29(dd,J=16.8,9.4Hz,1H),1.87-1.66(m,2H),1.45-1.34(m,1H),0.46(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,MeOD)δ159.35,150.26,150.20,132.35,128.23,127.50,126.96,126.82,125.45,125.24,116.50,105.06,104.50,104.06,70.44,64.01,56.28,55.97,55.85,51.88,48.57,32.56,20.82,13.40;HRMS(MALDI)calcd for C24H28NO4[M+H]+394.2018,found 394.2036;
实施例6:13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的菲并喹喏里西啶衍生物(I)的理化性质研究
上述优选化合物与已知化合物相比具有突出优点,具体表现在:(1)化学稳定性明显增强,同等条件下室温放置或者日光照射同等时间,变质速度明显比对照样品(R)-tylophorine慢很多。(2)光学稳定性明显增强,同等条件下室温放置或者日光照射同等时间,样品消旋速度明显比对照样品(R)-tylophorine慢很多。上述两点对化合物在农药上的应用具有至关重要的作用。
实施例7:抗烟草花叶病毒活性的测定,测定程序如下:
1、病毒提纯及浓度测定:
病毒提纯及浓度测定参照南开大学元素所生测室编制烟草花叶病毒SOP规范执行。病毒粗提液经2次聚乙二醇离心处理后,测定浓度,4℃冷藏备用。
2、化合物溶液配制:
称量后,原药加入DMF溶解,制得1×105μg/mL母液,后用含1‰吐温80水溶液稀释至所需浓度;宁南霉素制剂直接兑水稀释。
3、离体作用:
摩擦接种珊西烟适龄叶片,用流水冲洗,病毒浓度10μg/mL。收干后剪下,沿叶中脉对剖,左右半叶分别浸于1‰吐温水及药剂中,30min后取出,于适宜光照温度下保湿培养,每3片叶为1次重复,重复3次。3d后记录病斑数,计算防效。
4、活体保护作用:
选长势均匀一致的3-5叶期珊西烟,全株喷雾施药,每处理3次重复,并设1‰吐温80水溶液对照。24h后,叶面撒布金刚砂(500目),用毛笔蘸取病毒液,在全叶面沿支脉方向轻擦2次,叶片下方用手掌支撑,病毒浓度10μg/mL,接种后用流水冲洗。3d后记录病斑数,计算防效。
5、活体治疗作用:
选长势均匀一致的3-5叶期珊西烟,用毛笔全叶接种病毒,病毒浓度为10μg/mL,接种后用流水冲洗。叶面收干后,全株喷雾施药,每处理3次重复,并设1‰吐温80水溶液对照。3d后记录病斑数,计算防效。
6、活体钝化作用:
选长势均匀一致的3-5叶期珊西烟,将药剂与等体积的病毒汁液混合钝化30min后,摩擦接种,病毒浓度20μg/mL,接种后即用流水冲洗,重复3次,设1‰吐温80水溶液对照。3d后数病斑数,计算结果。
抑制率(%)=[(对照枯斑数-处理枯斑数)/对照枯斑数]×100%
表1部分13a-取代的菲并里西啶和14a-取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物(I)的抗TMV活性测试结果:
从表1可见,合成的13a取代的菲并吲哚里西啶和14a取代的菲并喹喏里西啶生物碱衍生物都表现出了很好的离体和活体抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)活性,大部分化合物抗烟草花叶病毒活性明显优于商品化品种宁南霉素以及我们前期开发的高效候选品种NK-007,尤其是化合物I-1,I-5,I-7,I-8,I-11,I-20,I-21,I-28,I-30,I-31,I-32,I-33,I-34,I-37,R-I-2,S-I-4和I-A-3的抗烟草花叶病毒活性与商品化品种宁南霉素的活性相当或更好,具有极大的开发价值。