CN103613462A - Cotton seedling-raising matrix containing cotton seed hull residue obtained after production of edible fungi - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cotton seedling-raising matrix which contains cotton seed hull residues obtained after production of edible fungi. The cotton seedling-raising matrix is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of the cotton seed hull residues obtained after production of the edible fungi, 10-40 parts of river sand and 10 parts of grass carbon. According to the cotton seedling-raising matrix, the raw materials are uniformly mixed, and 800-times carbendazim solution is added, so that the water ratio of the cotton seedling-raising matrix is 65%-70%. The cotton seedling-raising matrix disclosed by the invention has the advantages of enrichment in residues nutrient source, good water retention and air permeability, low raw material cost and good quality of cultured cotton seedlings, is corresponding to other matrix materials in emergence rate and seedling rate, and alleviates the condition of environment pollution caused by residue incineration and random stacking, thereby protecting the environment, saving the cost and realizing the integrated utilization and cyclic utilization of a cotton by-product.

Description

A kind of raising seedling of cotton matrix containing producing the cotton seed hulls material slag after edible mushrooms

Technical field

The present invention relates to raising seedling of cotton and transplant a kind of seedling medium in planting patterns, the byproduct cottonseed that specifically utilizes cotton strips cotton seed hulls through oil expression and produces the matrix that material slag after edible mushrooms is made raising seedling of cotton.

Technical background

Along with the development of plant cotton technology, the culture of cotton mode of China is from the seed sowing of the sixties in 20th century, to the nutrition bowl seedling transplanting of the eighties in 20th century, then to the Medium Composition for Cotton Seedling Culture root-naked transplanting at the beginning of 21 century.Nutrition bowl seedling transplanting technology is the main planting type in current Wilt Pathogens cotton region, this technology is through updating over half a century and a high yield technique that meets China's actual conditions that improves development formation, what on producing, generally adopt is that plastics film covers little shed feeding block seedlings raising mode, but feeding block seedlings raising mode is manual alms bowl processed and transplanting, its labour intensity is large, recruitment is more, cotton seed seedling rate and seedling rate low, and with the cotton seedling that this technology is cultivated also exist sprout term disease heavily etc. problem restricting production development; Therefore, cotton is gently simplified seedling transplanting technique and arises at the historic moment, by technique means such as Floating nursing, non-soil culture and substrate seedlings, solve the problems such as nutrition bowl seedling transplanting recruitment is many, labour intensity is large, realization is planted cotton light substrate seedling technology and the root-naked transplanting technology of simplifying the research of Mao Shuchun team of ，Qie Yi the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science and Technologys Cotton Research Institute and is promoted rapidly in cotton district.

Since 2003, the priority such as the Mao Shuchun of the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science and Technologys Cotton Research Institute is successfully developed promoter and soilless substrate patented product, has formed " two change without two " cultivation technique, has really realized substrate seedling and root-naked transplanting aspect culturing and transplanting seedlings.The core of this technology is substrate seedling and root-naked transplanting, after mixing according to a certain percentage with the seedling medium of cotton special use and clean river sand, inserting seedbed grows seedlings, be used in conjunction with Gossypii root-promoting agent, agent for leaf-protecting seedling stage, thereby the stalwartness of bringing out and don't with native cotton seedling, then takes root-naked transplanting.This technology is compared with feeding block seedlings raising does not need manually alms bowl processed, and transplanting process is simple and quick.Research shows: the seedling rate of the method reaches more than 91%, and than the few seed 50%～80% of using of feeding block seedlings raising, seedling stalwartness is anosis, and anti-early ageing is effective, increases production 6%～10%.This technology is just widelyd popularize in each main cotton region at present, deeply be subject to numerous cotton growers' welcome, but various places are in localized application process, the channel of registering one's residence of matrix is smooth and cost is higher, and also field utilizes, the main component of this matrix is vermiculite simultaneously, after growing seedlings, is deposited in soil and can causes soil pollution; Therefore, the problem such as the gathering materials on the spot of matrix, wide material sources, with low cost and environmental protection is the key issue that various places localized application need to solve.

The cotton byproducts such as cotton seed hulls (containing cotton stalk powder) are the main raw materials of producing edible mushrooms (being mainly flat mushroom, mushroom), and raw material is extensive in cotton producing region, conventionally the material slag of producing after edible mushrooms is directly to stack on the spot to rot or burning disposal, the waste that has also brought resource in contaminate environment.

In research process, find, edible fungus slag is through the product in useful mycelia decomposition course in high temperature steaming sterilization and production process, its nutrient source is abundant, water conservation good permeability, the pathogenic bacteria of cotton disease is few, and be the organic material fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, add can not produce after water and become thoroughly decomposed decomposition heat and affect seed germination, more satisfactory as raising seedling of cotton matrix.

Summary of the invention

It is low that object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of production cost, can reduce the raising seedling of cotton matrix containing the cotton seed hulls material slag after production edible mushrooms of environmental pollution.

Raising seedling of cotton matrix containing producing the cotton seed hulls material slag after edible mushrooms of the present invention, consists of by weight following raw material: 10 parts of cotton seed hulls material slag 50-80 part, river sand 10-40 part, the peats composed of rotten mosses after production edible mushrooms; Its preparation method is, above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, and adds 800 times of solution of derosal, makes matrix water ratio 65%～70%.

Raising seedling of cotton matrix containing producing the cotton seed hulls material slag after edible mushrooms of the present invention, positively effect is,

1, the seeding quality that uses this matrix to cultivate is good, and tri-leaf period, individual plant dry biomass and individual plant leaf area increased by 35～54.2% and 42.3～65.1% than existing raising seedling of cotton matrix respectively, and seedling rate is in 90% left and right, and seedling rate is in 80% left and right; 2, raw materials cost significantly declines, and edible fungus slag is waste at present, as long as short distances transportation cost because the nutrient source of edible fungus slag is abundant, has also reduced the cost that needs to add fertilizer nutrient in substrate seedling simultaneously; 3, because discarded edible fungus slag is rationally utilized, reduced the situation of random stacking contaminate environment, also for Edible Fungi family, opened up and increased income new way; 4, the matrix after growing seedlings is also made fertilizer in field, realize the comprehensive and recycle of cotton byproduct.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Cotton seed hulls is produced material slag after edible mushrooms and is made matrix and (fill a prescription one: expect slag 100% with 4 of the formulas of river sand, the peat composed of rotten mosses; Formula two: by volume, material slag 70%, river sand 30%; Formula three: by volume, material slag 60%, river sand 30%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 10%; Formula four: by volume, material slag 50%, river sand 30%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 20%), carry out field shed medium of seedling bed seedling growth test, CCRI raising seedling of cotton matrix and the Jiangxi high peace raising seedling of cotton matrix of take is contrast.Method is in selection seedbed, cotton field, grade, as the low bank of earth between fields, make flute profile around, spread plastic sheeting for farm use, recharge matrix sowing, distance between rows and hills 5cm * 5cm, 1 of every bunch planting, with the lid of formulation media separately seed 1 cm thick, then spray microbial inoculum and clear water and regulate humidity, mulch film more in the above tiles, last shed lid plastic sheeting for farm use grow seedlings (with the cotton nutrition form of growing seedlings), between nursery stage, with cotton nutrition seedling management method, carry out seedbed management, and strengthen the inspection of seedbed humidity and (done timely moisturizing, timely epiphragma rains) and temperature adjusting (high temperature is added a cover sunshade net, the tight sealer of low temperature).Result shows: 1～4 the seedling rate of filling a prescription is in 90% left and right, and the matrix that seedling rate is produced in 80% left and right ，Yu Cotton Inst., Chinese Agricultural Academy is suitable; The seeding quality of formula 1～4 is good, tri-leaf period individual plant dry biomass and individual plant leaf area respectively than Jiangxi high eutocia raising seedling of cotton matrix increase by 6.25%～54.2% and 28.2%～84.1%(in Table 1, Fig. 2), formula one is because quick-acting nitrogenous sources are abundant, cause cotton true leaf to occur etiolation, comprehensively more excellent with three the seeding quality proterties of filling a prescription.

table 1 edible fungus slag is made the seeding quality table of each formula of raising seedling of cotton matrix

Note: in table, data are 5 strain mean values, process 1,2,3,4 for formula one, two, three, four material slag matrix, process 5 and 6 and be respectively the high peace of CCRI matrix and Jiangxi matrix.

Embodiment 2

4～June in 2013 is carried out indoor raising of seedling test, and the one, April 28 and May 20 to carry out indoors artificial climate box by the matrix of formula 1,2,3 and CCRI raising seedling of cotton matrix and grow seedlings, 24 seeds of 1 dish are broadcast in every processing; The 2nd, June 8, Indoor Natural condition paper pot seedling growth test, made diameter 4.5～5.0 cm with 80 grams of printer papers, the paper pot of high 6.0 cm, and with formula 3 matrix and CCRI substrate seedling, 16 alms bowls are broadcast in every processing, and every alms bowl is broadcast two seed (see figure 3)s; The 3rd, used siccative slag on June 26, by the formula 3 small size caves of use dishes, indoor, now join existing sowing and carry out Indoor Natural condition seedling growth test, broadcast 165 seeds, to check, expect whether slag has secondary fermentation and to the (see figure 4) that exerts an influence of emerging.Result shows: that the seedling rate of various tests is all produced in 75% above ，Yu Cotton Inst., Chinese Agricultural Academy and to apply throughout the country matrix suitable, the secondary fermentation that siccative slag is grown seedlings is not obvious, on the cotton not impact (in Table 2) of emerging.

the seedling rate (%) of each formula of several indoor raising of seedling test of table 2

Note: process I, II and III for formula 1,2 and 3 matrix, processing IV is CCRI matrix.

 

Embodiment 3

5～October in 2013, by edible fungus slag make cotton seedling (minute not carrying substrates and also two, field processing of carrying substrates) that substrate formula three cultivates, CCRI raising seedling of cotton substrate culture is grown seedlings and Jiangxi high peace raising seedling of cotton matrix seedling carries out field-transplanting test, it is contrast that the nutrition pot of the main seedling raising manners in locality of take is cultivated seedling, repeat community area 20 m for 3 times ²ground, No. 9, ， Jiangxi Cotton Research Institute scientific base carries out.May 17, be transplanted to land for growing field crops, during transplanting, with nutrition pot, transplant punch by 24000 strains/hm ²spacing burrows, then at the bottom of mixing water-holding agent and impose on cave with phosphate fertilizer, more manually transplants, and then waters root-inducing powder and is watered and makes normal root water; May 22 buriing fertilizer special for cotton 300kg/hm ²make base manure, July 3 is buriing fertilizer special for cotton 1200 kg/hm again ².Check transplanting survival rate and seedling-slowing stage, investigation economical character and yield traits.Result shows: no matter this research substrate culture is with and not carrying substrates transplanting if being grown seedlings, its surviving rate, more than 90%, a little less than nourishing body seedling, and is compared matrix seedlings a little more than another two kinds; Seedling-slowing stage is 10 days, than nourishing body seedling few 3 days, with another two kinds compare matrix seedling quite (in Table 3); Also field processing is influential to cotton nutrient growth for material slag matrix, and its plant height and the fruit branch number of plies are better than other processing, and fertility effect has been described, can promote cotton to put up high yield shelf; Before each processes October 20, paid seed cotton yield is at 3500～3750 kg/hm ², between each processing, difference is little, illustrates that substrate material of the present invention is feasible, can be applicable aborning.

table 3 field-transplanting test surviving rate and yield traits table

Claims (1)

1. containing a raising seedling of cotton matrix of producing the cotton seed hulls material slag after edible mushrooms, it is characterized in that: it consists of by weight following raw material: 10 parts of cotton seed hulls material slag 50-80 part, river sand 10-40 part, the peats composed of rotten mosses after production edible mushrooms;

Its preparation method is, above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, and adds 800 times of solution of derosal, makes matrix water ratio 65%～70%.