CN101911909A - A compound matrix formula for soilless seedling cultivation of solanaceous vegetables - Google Patents

A compound matrix formula for soilless seedling cultivation of solanaceous vegetables Download PDF

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CN101911909A
CN101911909A CN2010102330370A CN201010233037A CN101911909A CN 101911909 A CN101911909 A CN 101911909A CN 2010102330370 A CN2010102330370 A CN 2010102330370A CN 201010233037 A CN201010233037 A CN 201010233037A CN 101911909 A CN101911909 A CN 101911909A
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seedling cultivation
solanaceous vegetables
soilless
pile
soilless seedling
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魏珉
田雪梅
董传迁
余文娟
杨凤娟
史庆华
王秀峰
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种茄果类蔬菜无土育苗复合基质配方,是用棉籽壳菇渣部分替代草炭的无土育苗复合基质配方。利用种植食用菌后的废弃物棉籽壳,经过堆沤发酵、风干、打碎、过筛等前处理,按照棉籽壳∶草炭∶蛭石(直径1mm左右)1∶1∶1(v/v)的比例组配,并充分混匀,形成育苗专用复合基质。与目前常用的草炭∶蛭石2∶1(v/v)育苗基质相比,本发明基质适合茄果类蔬菜无土育苗,具有节约资源,降低成本,安全环保、无污染,可有效提高育苗质量和效率等优点,有利于促进工厂化育苗节本高效和可持续发展。The invention relates to a composite substrate formula for soilless seedling cultivation of solanaceous vegetables, which is a composite substrate formula for soilless seedling cultivation in which peat charcoal is partially replaced by cottonseed shell and mushroom residue. Cottonseed husks, which are waste after planting edible fungi, are used for pre-treatments such as composting and fermentation, air-drying, crushing, and sieving. The proportion of combination, and fully mixed to form a special composite matrix seedlings. Compared with the currently commonly used peat: vermiculite 2:1 (v/v) seedling substrate, the substrate of the present invention is suitable for soilless seedling cultivation of solanaceous vegetables. The advantages of quality and efficiency are conducive to promoting cost-effective and sustainable development of industrial seedling cultivation.

Description

A kind of solanaceous vegetables soilless seedling compound substrate formula
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solanaceous vegetables soilless seedling compound substrate formula, is the prescription of dead meal cotton seed hulls, the peat composed of rotten mosses and the vermiculite assembly according to a certain percentage formation composite interstitial substance behind the utilization plantation edible mushroom, belongs to the agricultural high-tech field.
(2) background technology
Growing seedlings is a important technical links during vegetables produce, and seedling quality good and bad directly influences the growing of vegetables, yield and quality.Standardization, scale and the specialization of following China vegetables to produce, grow seedlings of vegetable are grown seedlings by traditional exclusive solely family soil gradually and are changed to batch production soilless-cultivated seedling direction, thereby increase substantially breeding efficiency.The matrix of soilless-cultivated seedling is mainly formed by assembly such as the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite or perlites at present.
The peat composed of rotten mosses is rich in organic matter (humus) and mineral matter, is desirable composite interstitial substance raw material, is widely used in the soilless culture and factorial seedling growth of vegetables, flowers.But, since China's peat composed of rotten mosses resource-constrained, skewness, the long-distance transport difficulty is big, and use cost is higher; And the peat composed of rotten mosses is non-renewable resources in a short time, and excessive exploitation can cause resource exhaustion and environmental disruption.Seek peat composed of rotten mosses substitute, reducing peat composed of rotten mosses consumption is one of focus of present matrix research.
In world wide, the overall development direction of matrix is an organic composite substratd, and the industrial or agricultural recycling of waste resources has great potential.Cotton seed hull mushroom slag is the discarded object of plantation behind the edible mushroom, and nitrogen, phosphorus content height are ventilative, retaining is good, grows seedlings or soilless culture substrate through suitably handling can be used as, and has important economy and ecological significance.,, preserve the ecological environment for this reason, reduce seedling cost and set out, invented this solanaceous vegetables soilless raising seedling substrate prescription from reducing peat composed of rotten mosses resource consumption.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of solanaceous vegetables soilless raising seedling substrate prescription that uses cotton seed hulls mushroom slag partly to substitute the peat composed of rotten mosses.At present stage soilless culture and factorial seedling growth excessive exploitation problem to peat composed of rotten mosses resource; dead meal cotton seed hulls behind the utilization plantation edible mushroom partly substitutes the peat composed of rotten mosses; the assembly composite interstitial substance is used for solanaceous vegetables and grows seedlings; can improve nursery effect; reduce resource consumption; preserve the ecological environment, reduce seedling cost, promote the efficient and sustainable development of factorial seedling growth abridged edition.
A kind of solanaceous vegetables soilless seedling compound substrate formula by the ratio assembly according to 1: 1: 1 (v/v) of cotton seed hulls mushroom slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite (about diameter 1mm), fully mixes and forms.
Described cotton seed hulls mushroom slag need be done following processing in advance: the disused mushroom dregs that 1. will plant behind the edible mushroom takes out from the mushroom bag, smash, adding water regulates about water content to 70%, in a huddle, covered with plastic film compresses periphery, and pile fermentation is more than 60 days, during this time once, and keep the skin wet every turning in 7-10 days; 2. after pile fermentation finishes, take out, air-dry, smash, cross the 5mm sieve, remove thick residual body or impurity.
With the peat composed of rotten mosses at present commonly used: 2: 1 (v/v) seedling mediums of vermiculite are compared, and this invention matrix has the following advantages:
1. economize on resources, reduce cost: this composite interstitial substance reduces peat composed of rotten mosses consumption 50%, and the discarded object behind the utilization plantation edible mushroom makes seedling cost lower.
2. safety and environmental protection, pollution-free: this peat composed of rotten mosses substitute is an agricultural organic waste, utilizes after the processing again and can reduce environmental pollution.Simultaneously, this invention has reduced the exploitation utilization to the peat composed of rotten mosses, and discarded matrix can be used as soil conditioner again, is beneficial to the protection environment.
3. effectively improve grow seedlings quality and efficient: this composite interstitial substance is fit to the soilless-cultivated seedling of solanaceous vegetables, can obviously promote growth of seedling than conventional substrate, improves seedling quality.
Four, specific embodiments
Embodiment:, prepare cotton seed hulls mushroom slag, then in cotton seed hulls: the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite=1: 1: 1 (v/v) ratio assembly composite interstitial substance according to the invention step.Add 50% carbendazim, 80 grams in every cubic metre of matrix, and fully mix the control sprout term disease thoroughly.With invention matrix is processing (T1), the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite 2: 1 (v/v) is contrast (CK), selects 50 holes dish (the about 60cm of single hole volume for use 3) cultivate tomato, pimento seedling.The daily management measure of handling and contrasting is identical, and growth of seedling, physical signs are measured in the end of growing seedlings when tomato 5-6 sheet leaf, pimento 7-8 sheet leaf.Strong sprout index=(stem thick/plant height+root dry weight/ground dry weight) * complete stool dry weight.
The physicochemical character of table 1 different substrates prescription
Figure BSA00000199887900031
As shown in Table 1, with respect to contrast (CK), the unit weight and the porosity of matrix of the present invention (T1) are more or less the same, and illustrate that its ventilation and water retention property are better; EC value and pH value raise, but still can satisfy the requirement of seedling medium and plant growth.
Table 2 different substrates prescription is to the influence of pimento and tomato growth index
Figure BSA00000199887900032
Matrix of the present invention can obviously promote pimento and tomato seedling growth (table 2).The plant height of pimento and stem rough segmentation do not increase by 57.6% and 26.5% than CK, and tomato increases by 73.6% and 55.6% respectively; The dry matter of pimento and tomato increases by 100% and 62.5% than CK respectively, and strong sprout, index enlarged markedly.
Table 3 different substrates prescription is to the influence of pimento and tomato physical signs
Figure BSA00000199887900041
Matrix of the present invention helps improving the physiological metabolism activity (table 3) of pimento and tomato seedling.With contrast matrix phase ratio, pimento that this invention matrix is cultivated and tomato seedling chlorophyll content and Net Photosynthetic Rate obviously raise, and the root system vigor strengthens.
Above-mentioned application example illustrates that this invention matrix partly substitutes the peat composed of rotten mosses with cotton seed hulls mushroom slag, and as medium for culturing solanaceous fruit vegetable seedlings, the effect that improves breeding efficiency and seedling quality is remarkable.

Claims (3)

1.一种茄果类蔬菜无土育苗复合基质配方,其特征在于由棉籽壳、草炭、蛭石按照体积比1∶1∶1的比例组配,并充分混合均匀形成。1. A composite substrate formula for soilless seedling cultivation of solanaceous vegetables, characterized in that it is composed of cottonseed hulls, peat, and vermiculite according to the volume ratio of 1: 1: 1, and fully mixed to form. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种茄果类蔬菜无土育苗复合基质配方,其特征在于所述的棉籽壳为种植食用菌后的废弃物,需事先经过以下处理:①将废弃棉籽壳菇渣从菇袋中取出,打碎,加水调节含水量至70%左右,堆成一堆,覆盖塑料薄膜,将周边压紧,堆沤发酵60天以上,期间每隔7-10天翻堆一次,并补充水分;②堆沤发酵结束后,风干,打碎,过5mm筛,除去粗大的残体或杂质。2. A composite substrate formula for soilless seedling cultivation of solanaceous vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that said cottonseed hulls are wastes after planting edible fungi, and need to undergo the following treatment in advance: ① Discard cottonseed hulls Mushroom dregs are taken out from the mushroom bag, smashed, add water to adjust the water content to about 70%, pile up into a pile, cover with plastic film, press the surrounding area tightly, pile up and ferment for more than 60 days, and turn over the pile every 7-10 days during this period , and add water; ② After stack retting fermentation, air-dry, crush, and pass through a 5mm sieve to remove coarse residue or impurities. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种茄果类蔬菜无土育苗复合基质配方,其特征在于所述的蛭石直径为1mm左右。3. a kind of solanaceous vegetables soilless seedling-raising composite matrix formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described vermiculite diameter is about 1mm.
CN2010102330370A 2010-07-19 2010-07-19 A compound matrix formula for soilless seedling cultivation of solanaceous vegetables Pending CN101911909A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102320882A (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-01-18 刘宝音 Environment-friendly lightweight vegetation block
CN102577917A (en) * 2012-03-05 2012-07-18 枣庄市伊禾果蔬科学研究所 Nutrient water-saving substrate special for soilless raising of tomato seedlings
CN102863269A (en) * 2012-09-18 2013-01-09 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 Strawberry soilless culture medium preparation technique
CN102960224A (en) * 2012-11-20 2013-03-13 谢放 Umbelliferae traditional chinese medicinal material soilless raising seedling composite matric matrix formula
CN103039338A (en) * 2013-01-23 2013-04-17 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 Mushroom dreg compound substrate formula for soilless culture of cucumbers
CN103613462A (en) * 2013-11-27 2014-03-05 江西省棉花研究所 Cotton seedling-raising matrix containing cotton seed hull residue obtained after production of edible fungi
CN103641627A (en) * 2013-12-11 2014-03-19 山东农业大学 Special functional base material for nutrient-solution-free soilless seedling cultivation of cucumbers and preparation method of special functional base material
CN104211498A (en) * 2014-08-20 2014-12-17 江苏省农业科学院 Solanberry vegetable seedling growing matrix and preparation method thereof
CN104620831A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-05-20 武汉市蔬菜科学研究所 Lotus root protected medium cultivation method
CN105384529A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-09 王教义 Potato mini-potato organic culture medium and preparation method
CN114271172A (en) * 2021-03-30 2022-04-05 福州市蔬菜科学研究所 Tomato composite matrix formula

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CN1561688A (en) * 2004-04-06 2005-01-12 山东农业大学 Preparation of organic medium type soilless cultivating medium for fruit and vegetable and use

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CN1561688A (en) * 2004-04-06 2005-01-12 山东农业大学 Preparation of organic medium type soilless cultivating medium for fruit and vegetable and use

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102320882A (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-01-18 刘宝音 Environment-friendly lightweight vegetation block
CN102320882B (en) * 2011-06-10 2013-08-21 邓华平 Environment-friendly lightweight vegetation block
CN102577917A (en) * 2012-03-05 2012-07-18 枣庄市伊禾果蔬科学研究所 Nutrient water-saving substrate special for soilless raising of tomato seedlings
CN102863269A (en) * 2012-09-18 2013-01-09 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 Strawberry soilless culture medium preparation technique
CN102960224A (en) * 2012-11-20 2013-03-13 谢放 Umbelliferae traditional chinese medicinal material soilless raising seedling composite matric matrix formula
CN103039338A (en) * 2013-01-23 2013-04-17 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 Mushroom dreg compound substrate formula for soilless culture of cucumbers
CN103613462A (en) * 2013-11-27 2014-03-05 江西省棉花研究所 Cotton seedling-raising matrix containing cotton seed hull residue obtained after production of edible fungi
CN103613462B (en) * 2013-11-27 2015-06-10 江西省棉花研究所 Cotton seedling-raising matrix containing cotton seed hull residue obtained after production of edible fungi
CN103641627A (en) * 2013-12-11 2014-03-19 山东农业大学 Special functional base material for nutrient-solution-free soilless seedling cultivation of cucumbers and preparation method of special functional base material
CN104211498A (en) * 2014-08-20 2014-12-17 江苏省农业科学院 Solanberry vegetable seedling growing matrix and preparation method thereof
CN104620831A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-05-20 武汉市蔬菜科学研究所 Lotus root protected medium cultivation method
CN105384529A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-09 王教义 Potato mini-potato organic culture medium and preparation method
CN114271172A (en) * 2021-03-30 2022-04-05 福州市蔬菜科学研究所 Tomato composite matrix formula

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