CN103609409A - Sunlight greenhouse strawberry solid soilless cultivation technique - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a sunlight greenhouse strawberry solid soilless cultivation technique. The technique is characterized by including the processes of building of a cultivation groove, preparation of base fertilizer, variety selection, field planting, canopy covering, field management and prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests. The sunlight greenhouse strawberry solid soilless cultivation technique solves the problem that conventional cultivation and management methods are serious in soil-borne disease, low in yield and the like during strawberry production and cultivation in rural areas currently, and is suitable for vegetable farmers to plant strawberries in sunlight greenhouses.

Description

A kind of greenhouse by solar heat strawberry solid cultivation technique without soil

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Technical field

The present invention relates to the production cultivation field of vegetables, specifically a kind of greenhouse by solar heat strawberry solid cultivation technique without soil.

Background technology

Strawberry cry again the red certain kind of berries, the foreign certain kind of berries, the certain kind of berries etc., be a kind of flowers and fruits of redness.Strawberry is the common name to rose family Fragaria plant, belongs to herbaceos perennial.It is heart-shaped that the outward appearance of strawberry is, delicious red tender, and pulp succulence contains special strong fruit fragrance.Strawberry nutrition is worth high, be rich in amino acid, fructose, sucrose, glucose, citric acid, malic acid, pectin, carotin, vitamin B1, B2, nicotinic acid and mineral calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, iron etc., these nutrients are to the good facilitation of having grown, of great advantage to old man, children.Foreign scholar studies discovery, and the active ingredient in strawberry can suppress the growth of cancerous swelling.Every hectogram strawberry is containing vitamin C 50-100 milligram, higher more than 10 times than apple, grape.Scientific research confirmed already, and vitamin C can be eliminated intercellular lax and tense situation, makes brain cell firm in structure, and skin exquisiteness is flexible, and brain and intelligence development are had to material impact.Eat of after meal strawberry, can decompose food fat, favourable digestion.

Strawberry is used as medicine and also can be rated as top gradely, and the traditional Chinese medical science thinks, strawberry nature and flavor are sweet, cool, enter spleen, stomach, lung channel, have moistening lung to promote the production of body fluid, strengthening the spleen and stomach, and inducing diuresis to reduce edema, the merit of driving away summer heat, is applicable to cough with lung heat, poor appetite, oliguresis, hot summer weather polydipsia etc.Vitamin C abundant in strawberry, except can preventing scurvy, to arteriosclerosis, coronary heart diseases and angina pectoris, cerebral hemorrhage, hypertension, high fat of blood etc., has positive prevention effect.The pectin containing in strawberry and cellulose, can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, improves constipation, the generation of prevention hemorrhoid, intestinal cancer.The amine substance containing in strawberry, to leukemia, alpastic anemia has certain curative effect.The equal edible of population, cough due to wind-heat evil, abscess of throat, hoarseness person; Summer, restlessness and fever with thirst or diarrhoea were as water person; Cancer, particularly nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung cancer, carcinoma of tonsil, patients with laryngeal carcinoma should eat especially.In phlegm is wet, Sheng, intestines cunning are not just rushed down person, lithangiuria patient should not eat more.

The soil-borne disease of strawberry is threatening the growth development of Strawberry industry always, and continuous cropping obstacle causes the output of strawberry, quality to decline, full wafer total crop failure when serious.

Summary of the invention

The present invention, for solving the technical deficiency existing in existing strawberry production cultivation method, provides a kind of greenhouse by solar heat strawberry solid cultivation technique without soil.

Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of greenhouse by solar heat strawberry solid cultivation technique without soil, and its special character comprises to be set up cultivating groove, preparation base manure, kind selection, field planting, buckles canopy, field management, extermination of disease and insect pest technical process:

Set up cultivating groove: high 20 cm of cultivating groove, wide 65 cm, surrounding assembles with common brick, wide 35 cm in operation road between groove, cultivating groove bottom and 1 layer of 0.1 mm sealed polyethylene plastic of surrounding paving are completely separated with soil, prevent damage by disease and insect propagation, cultivation matrixwith 55% natural pond slag, 25% boiler slag, 20% sawdust, mixes stack retting, makes it fully rotten, high-temperature sterilization.

Configuration base manure: adopt Chicken dung, sheep excrement and soya-bean cake after sterilization fully to mix in the ratio of 2:1:1,1m ³in cultivation matrix, mix 15 kg left and right as base manure; Kind is selected: we have adopted resting stage short, the strawberry cultivars such as the Japan 99 of applicable greenhouse by solar heat growth, Feng Xiang, Anna, Hani.

Field planting: in field planting in 9 middle of the month; Transplanting stock is selected 3-6 strains of maternal plant stolon, field planting 2 row in each groove, and spacing in the rows 15 cm left and right, 2-3 d that water continuously after field planting, Seedling Stage needs frequent spraying fungicide, as thiophanate methyl, carbendazim etc.;

Button canopy: for the first time frost after or snow for the first time after the 4th day overlay film button canopy at the end of of 10 months, detain canopy; Before button canopy, wipe out Lao Ye, every strain retains 4 functional leafs of 3-, sprays 10 mg/ l gibberellin 1 time, sprays 5 mg/ l, gibberellin 1 time when 40% plant buddings again;

Field management: strictly control indoor temperature, often extract Lao Ye, sick leaf, 10 functional leafs of every strain reservation 8-, every 10 d left and right sprays 1 time 0. 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea; Strawberry, bloom and fruit expanding period, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, through the water-soluble strawberry root that is delivered directly to of dropper, are implemented to liquid manure with filling with; The strawberry florescence implements to put honeybee in artificial supplementary pollination and canopy, to improve Yield of Strawberry and quality; It is 10 ℃ of 8-that early growth period should keep minimum temperature in canopy, 14 ℃ of the suitableeest 12-; .Flowering stage, temperature can first be elevated to 16 ℃ of 14-, and then dropped to 14 ℃ of 12-, when temperature is during up to 25 ℃ of 20-, should note ventilating in canopy.Start fruiting period, the minimum temperature of matrix should exceed 2 ℃ of environment minimum temperatures, but the maximum temperature of matrix must not be over 18 ℃; Adopt incandescent lamp (10W/ m2), illumination at night supplementary 25min per hour; In canopy, best relative moisture should remain on 70%-80%;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: adopt fumigator insect protected, diseases prevention to guarantee nuisanceless production, and note often ventilation in greenhouse, keep air fresh.

technique effect

Technique effect of the present invention is, adopts above-mentioned technical scheme, can realize a kind of greenhouse by solar heat strawberry solid cultivation technique without soil, can effectively overcome soil-borne disease, improve Yield of Strawberry 30% left and right, and delicious red tender, pulp succulence, contains special strong fruit fragrance.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.

This working of an invention process is as follows:

1, set up cultivating groove: high 20 cm of cultivating groove, wide 65 cm, surrounding assembles with common brick, wide 35 cm in operation road between groove, cultivating groove bottom and 1 layer of 0.1 mm sealed polyethylene plastic of surrounding paving are completely separated with soil, prevent damage by disease and insect propagation, cultivation matrixwith 55% natural pond slag, 25% boiler slag, 20% sawdust, mixes stack retting, makes it fully rotten, high-temperature sterilization.

2, configuration base manure: adopt Chicken dung, sheep excrement and soya-bean cake after sterilization fully to mix in the ratio of 2:1:1,1m ³in cultivation matrix, mix 15 kg left and right as base manure; 3, kind is selected: we have adopted resting stage short, the strawberry cultivars such as the Japan 99 of applicable greenhouse by solar heat growth, Feng Xiang, Anna, Hani.

4, field planting: in field planting in 9 middle of the month; Transplanting stock is selected 3-6 strains of maternal plant stolon, field planting 2 row in each groove, and spacing in the rows 15 cm left and right, 2-3 d that water continuously after field planting, Seedling Stage needs frequent spraying fungicide, as thiophanate methyl, carbendazim etc.;

5, button canopy: for the first time frost after or snow for the first time after the 4th day overlay film button canopy at the end of of 10 months, detain canopy; Before button canopy, wipe out Lao Ye, every strain retains 4 functional leafs of 3-, sprays 10 mg/ l gibberellin 1 time, sprays 5 mg/ l, gibberellin 1 time when 40% plant buddings again;

6, field management: strictly control indoor temperature, often extract Lao Ye, sick leaf, 10 functional leafs of every strain reservation 8-, every 10 d left and right sprays 1 time 0. 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea; Strawberry, bloom and fruit expanding period, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, through the water-soluble strawberry root that is delivered directly to of dropper, are implemented to liquid manure with filling with; The strawberry florescence implements to put honeybee in artificial supplementary pollination and canopy, to improve Yield of Strawberry and quality; It is 10 ℃ of 8-that early growth period should keep minimum temperature in canopy, 14 ℃ of the suitableeest 12-; .Flowering stage, temperature can first be elevated to 16 ℃ of 14-, and then dropped to 14 ℃ of 12-, when temperature is during up to 25 ℃ of 20-, should note ventilating in canopy.Start fruiting period, the minimum temperature of matrix should exceed 2 ℃ of environment minimum temperatures, but the maximum temperature of matrix must not be over 18 ℃; Adopt incandescent lamp (10W/ m2), illumination at night supplementary 25min per hour; In canopy, best relative moisture should remain on 70%-80%;

7, the extermination of disease and insect pest: adopt fumigator insect protected, diseases prevention to guarantee nuisanceless production, and note often ventilation in greenhouse, keep air fresh.

Claims (1)

1. a greenhouse by solar heat strawberry solid cultivation technique without soil, is characterized in that comprising following technical process:

Set up cultivating groove: high 20 cm of cultivating groove, wide 65 cm, surrounding assembles with common brick, wide 35 cm in operation road between groove, cultivating groove bottom and 1 layer of 0.1 mm sealed polyethylene plastic of surrounding paving are completely separated with soil, prevent damage by disease and insect propagation, cultivation matrixwith 55% natural pond slag, 25% boiler slag, 20% sawdust, mixes stack retting, makes it fully rotten, high-temperature sterilization;

Configuration base manure: adopt Chicken dung, sheep excrement and soya-bean cake after sterilization fully to mix in the ratio of 2:1:1,1m ³in cultivation matrix, mix 15 kg left and right as base manure; Kind is selected: we have adopted resting stage short, the strawberry cultivars such as the Japan 99 of applicable greenhouse by solar heat growth, Feng Xiang, Anna, Hani;

Field planting: in field planting in 9 middle of the month; Transplanting stock is selected 3-6 strains of maternal plant stolon, field planting 2 row in each groove, and spacing in the rows 15 cm left and right, 2-3 d that water continuously after field planting, Seedling Stage needs frequent spraying fungicide, as thiophanate methyl, carbendazim etc.;

Button canopy: for the first time frost after or snow for the first time after the 4th day overlay film button canopy at the end of of 10 months, detain canopy; Before button canopy, wipe out Lao Ye, every strain retains 4 functional leafs of 3-, sprays 10 mg/ l gibberellin 1 time, sprays 5 mg/ l, gibberellin 1 time when 40% plant buddings again;

Field management: strictly control indoor temperature, often extract Lao Ye, sick leaf, 10 functional leafs of every strain reservation 8-, every 10 d left and right sprays 1 time 0. 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea; Strawberry, bloom and fruit expanding period, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, through the water-soluble strawberry root that is delivered directly to of dropper, are implemented to liquid manure with filling with; The strawberry florescence implements to put honeybee in artificial supplementary pollination and canopy, to improve Yield of Strawberry and quality; It is 10 ℃ of 8-that early growth period should keep minimum temperature in canopy, 14 ℃ of the suitableeest 12-;

Flowering stage, temperature can first be elevated to 16 ℃ of 14-, and then dropped to 14 ℃ of 12-, when temperature is during up to 25 ℃ of 20-, should note ventilating in canopy;

Start fruiting period, the minimum temperature of matrix should exceed 2 ℃ of environment minimum temperatures, but the maximum temperature of matrix must not be over 18 ℃; Adopt incandescent lamp (10W/ m2), illumination at night supplementary 25min per hour; In canopy, best relative moisture should remain on 70%-80%;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: adopt fumigator insect protected, diseases prevention to guarantee nuisanceless production, and note often ventilation in greenhouse, keep air fresh.