CN103596792A - 针对金属界面的复合管轴 - Google Patents

针对金属界面的复合管轴 Download PDF

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CN103596792A
CN103596792A CN201180070030.4A CN201180070030A CN103596792A CN 103596792 A CN103596792 A CN 103596792A CN 201180070030 A CN201180070030 A CN 201180070030A CN 103596792 A CN103596792 A CN 103596792A
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substrate
metal substrate
composite substrate
tubular axle
composite
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CN103596792B (zh
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R.金维-海登
L.R.艾丽娅斯
C.A.坎贝尔
A.鲍尔
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GKN Driveline North America Inc
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GKN Driveline North America Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
    • F16C3/026—Shafts made of fibre reinforced resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/36—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
    • B29C53/38—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges
    • B29C53/40—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B29C65/4835—Heat curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/565—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits involving interference fits, e.g. force-fits or press-fits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30321—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30325—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
    • B29C70/222—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure the structure being shaped to form a three dimensional configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/22—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/229—Other specific patterns not provided for in B29C66/221 - B29C66/227
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

复合管轴包括由第一表面和第二表面限定的复合基片以及具有至少两个齿部的金属基片。金属基片的齿部与复合基片接合，使得至少一个齿部定位在第一表面之上并且至少一个齿部定位在第二表面之上。

Description

针对金属界面的复合管轴
技术领域
本公开总体上涉及具有复合管轴(composite tubeshaft)、并且更具体地包括金属基片的类型的驱动系统，该金属基片连接至复合基片以形成复合管轴。
背景技术
传统的传动系统(driveline system)通常包括管轴组件，用于将扭矩从诸如马达或发动机的驱动系统传递至诸如轮或动力设备的从动系统。通常这些轴已由钢、铝或复合材料制成，这些轴具有附接至其的诸如等速接头(constant velocity joint)或其他接合端安装件的连接装置。
与金属驱动轴相比，复合驱动/轴提供了优良的强度-重量比(strength-to-weight ratio)和硬度-重量比(stiffness-to-weight ratio)。它们的热膨胀系数总体上是低的，这降低了由热偏移(thermal excursion)引起的在联轴器(coupling)和悬挂轴承(hanger bearing)上的负载。这些驱动轴在今日的航空和汽车传动系工业中发挥日益重要的作用，其不断地寻求提高强度同时降低车辆的总重量的方式。复合驱动轴已在传动系统的设计中获得了许多应用，用于降低磨损并改善强度。
然而，复合驱动轴需要用于与其他轴部件交界的金属适配器来传输负载。一般而言，复合管轴通常是通过绕着轴芯棒(shaft mandrel)交织(weave)复合线、添加树脂并固化而制成的。所产生的管随后被机加工以产生期望的互锁构造，并且接合端滑入轴的端部中且通过固定环(securing collar)或绕着接合端缠绕更多的复合物并重复固化处理而锁定就位。另一种普通的方法是将复合线绕着轴芯棒缠绕以使接合端就位，或将接合端插入至制成的复合轴的端部上并且将附加的复合材料绕着接合端缠绕以将其固定至复合轴。总体上，多种类型的复合适配器接合端系统用于复合驱动轴：有切口的(在轴的端部处的切口，其中对应的凸起特征在接合端上)、带保持环的有切口的、压配的(内部或外部)、凸出的(lugged)(接合端包括由随后固化就位的复合物环绕的凸出部)、结合接头(接合端放置在管中并且卷绕(wrap around)附加的复合物以在固化之后产生结合部)以及带肋部的结合接头(接合端在固化之前放置在管中)。这些设计受限于它们的结构完整性、重量或制造成本及复杂性。
因此，需要的是用于管轴金属界面端部的一体制造的封装连接，以及用于提供低成本、重量轻且高强度的上述封装连接的方法。
附图说明
现参考附图，已详细地示出了示意性的实施例。尽管这些附图描绘了一些实施例，但这些附图不一定按比例绘制，并且某些特征可能被放大、去除或部分地切开以更好地图示并解释本发明。进一步地，本文中阐述的实施例是示例性的，并且并非意在为穷举的或相反将权利要求限制或限定至在附图中示出并且在下文的详细描述中公开的精确形式和构造。
图1图示了示例性传动系统的俯视图；
图2图示了在滚卷(roll)之后产生了具有一体化金属端部的管轴的复合基片和金属基片的等距视图(isometric view)；
图3图示了在第一端部接合之前的复合基片和金属基片的等距视图；
图4图示了在第一端部接合期间的复合基片和金属基片的等距视图；
图5图示了在第一端部处完全接合的复合基片和金属基片的等距视图；
图6图示了在第二端部接合期间的复合基片和有倒钩的金属基片的等距视图；并且
图7图示了在第一和第二端部处接合的复合基片和两个金属基片的等距视图。
具体实施方式
以下描述了示例性的举例说明。为了清楚的目的，并非实际实施方式(implementation)的全部特征都在本说明书中描述。当然，将意识到的是，在任何此类实际举例说明的研制中，必须做出大量具体实施方式的(implementation-specific)决定以达到研制者的具体的目标，诸如符合从一个实施方式变化至另一个的与系统相关并与商业相关的约束。此外，将意识到的是，这样的研制工作(development effort)可能是复杂并且耗时的，然而毫无疑问将是受益于本公开的本领域的普通技术人员从事的常规工作。
参考附图，图1图示了示例性的车辆(未示出)的传动系10。总体上，传动轴(propeller shaft)是管轴36。该管轴36通过扭矩传输元件将扭矩从驱动构件(未示出)传输至差动器(differential)(未示出)。然而，复合管轴36可用于任何已知的扭矩传输轴，例如用于将旋转力传输至轮的半轴或驱动构件。
图2图示了示例性的管轴36。该管轴36由复合板基片50、固定介质(未示出)和金属基片60组成。
图3图示了未加工的预滚卷(pre-rolled)和预接合的管轴36组件，其包括总体上平的锯齿形(serrated)金属基片60和总体上平的复合基片50。总体上平的锯齿形金属基片60包括至少两个锯齿形齿部62和64以及扭矩传输元件附接区域68。金属基片60可由钢、铁或其他材料制成。金属基片60的附接区域68可通过任何已知的附接方法(诸如螺纹连接(threading)、粘结、焊接或熔融)而连接至在扭矩传输元件附接区域68处的诸如节叉(yoke)(未示出)或等速接头(未示出)等扭矩传输元件。
锯齿形齿部62和64与复合基片50接合。通过将压缩力(未示出)同时施加至复合基片50的第一表面56和第二表面58二者上，这种接合产生了齿部62、64和复合基片50之间的锁定界面。这些力(未示出)是交织在每一个齿部62和64之间的复合基片50在交替的齿部62、64之间产生压力的结果。复合基片50和金属基片60的接合可以是诸如啮合或交织的任何已知的类型，只要该接合在两个基片50、60之间产生了锁定界面。尽管示出为具有总体上三角形的形状，应理解的是齿部62和64可以以其他形状构造。
图3的总体上平的复合基片50可以由任何聚合物复合基体材料(polymer composite matrix material)制成，诸如碳/环氧(epoxy)、玻璃/环氧、碳/玻璃/环氧或石墨。总体上平的复合基片50可以是复合材料领域中的技术人员已知的交织的、层压的或其他形式的承载(load bearing)复合材料。在装配期间并且在固化处理之前，复合基体材料总体上是易弯的。此易弯性允许在固定介质硬化之前在复合基片50和锯齿形齿部62、64之间的相容啮合(consistent meshing)。一旦施加固定介质并且装配管轴36，该组件随后滚卷并且硬化以产生管轴36。硬化是固化环氧树脂的结果，以此为复合基体材料提供了刚性并且使复合基体材料结合。固化处理可通过施加热来进行，或通过允许将组件安置在受控的环境中保持一段受控的时间来进行。一旦聚合发生，管轴36复合基片50完全结合至自身并且结合至金属基片60，并因此而准备用于传动系10中。
图4图示了部分接合的管轴36组件，其包括带锯齿形齿部62和64的总体上平的锯齿形金属基片60，锯齿形齿部62和64与总体上平的复合基片50部分接合。接合在第一端部52处发生。
图5图示了完全接合的管轴36组件，其包括带锯齿形齿部62的总体上平的锯齿形金属基片60，该锯齿形齿部62与总体上平的复合基片50完全接合，该总体上平的复合基片50啮合至扭矩传输附接区域68的基部66。该举例说明表示了当锯齿形齿部62在复合基片50的第一表面56上隔开，并且锯齿形齿部64(图5中未示出)在复合基片50的第二表面58上时，复合基片50是如何与金属基片60交错编织(threaded)的。尽管示出为相等地隔开，应理解的是齿部62和64可以以各期望的锯齿形齿部形状之间的任何距离构造。
图6图示了部分接合的管轴36组件，其包括总体上平的复合基片50，该总体上平的复合基片50与总体上平的锯齿形金属基片60'部分啮合，其中孔69和倒钩67一体形成至锯齿形齿部62、64中并且形成在锯齿形齿部62、64上。金属基片60'与复合基片50部分接合，并且定位在第二端部54处。倒钩67可具有任何尺寸或角度，以在复合基片50和金属基片60滚卷以形成管轴36时，允许与复合基片50的多层锁定接合。进一步地，孔69也可具有任何大小或尺寸，以在管轴36的装配和固化期间，允许复合基片50穿透这些孔并且结合至已滚卷的层。
图7图示了完全接合的管轴36组件，其包括在第一端部52和第二端部54处与总体上平的锯齿形金属基片60完全啮合的总体上平的复合基片50。
应知晓的是，复合基片50和金属基片60可以具有能够被滚卷以产生所制成的管轴36组件的期望长度、厚度和直径的任何合适的尺寸。复合材料还可以具有期望的厚度，以提供用于各个应用的材料特性的所需强度。
制造复合管轴36组件的方法包括：定位复合板基片50，以便相对于平面总体上是平的；定位具有齿部62、64的金属基片60，以便相对于平面总体上是平的并且与复合基片50的至少一个端部52、54相邻；滑动并啮合金属基片60，以将至少一个锯齿形齿部62接合在复合基片50的第一表面56上并且将至少一个锯齿形齿部64接合在复合基片50的第二表面58上；在其中金属基片60定位的一个端部52、54处施加固定介质以浸透(saturate)复合基片的第一表面56和第二表面58；将复合基片50和金属基片60滚卷以产生层压的管轴36组件。一旦产生了管轴36组件，那么固化或聚合处理就开始了，并且管轴36组件的滚卷的基片50、60结合在一起以产生一体的管轴36组件。
固定介质的应用可在金属基片60的接合之前或之后、但在使组件滚卷以产生管轴36之前实施。进一步地，锯齿形齿部62、64能够交替地提供，至少一个齿部62、64定位在复合基片50的顶部之上，并且至少一个齿部62、64定位在复合基片50之下。
呈现前述描述仅用以图示和描述本发明的方法及系统的示例性实施例。这并非意在为穷举的或将本发明限制成已公开的任何精确形式。本领域的技术人员将理解的是，在没有脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可做出多种改变并且等同物可代替其中的元件。另外，在没有脱离实质范围的情况下，可做出诸多改型以使特定的情形或材料适应于本发明的教导。因此，所意在的是，本发明不限于作为构思用于实行本发明的最佳模式所公开的具体实施例，但是本发明将包括落在权利要求的范围内的所有实施例。在没有脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，本发明可不同于具体所解释和图示的而实施。本发明的范围仅仅由下文的权利要求限制。

Claims (9)

1.一种复合管轴，其包括：
复合基片，其由第一表面和第二表面限定；以及
金属基片，其具有至少两个齿部，其中所述齿部与所述复合基片接合，并且所述至少两个齿部中的至少一个齿部定位在所述第一表面之上，同时所述至少两个齿部中的至少一个齿部定位在所述第二表面之上，以使所述金属基片接合至所述复合基片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合管轴还包括固定介质以将所述金属基片结合至所述复合基片。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合管轴，其中所述金属基片包括附接区域用于将所述复合管轴附接至扭矩传输元件。
4.根据权利要求3所述的复合管轴，其中所述附接区域包括基部，使得所述至少两个齿部从所述基部延伸并且定位在所述复合基片的所述第一表面和第二表面之上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的复合管轴，其中所述金属基片的所述齿部是锯齿形的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的复合管轴，其中所述金属基片包括孔。
7.根据权利要求1所述的复合管轴，其中所述金属基片包括倒钩。
8.根据权利要求1所述的复合管轴，其中所述齿部是同样大小的，并且彼此等距离隔开。
9.一种制造复合管轴的方法，其包括：
定位平的复合基片；
定位金属基片，所述金属基片具有至少两个齿部，相对于所述复合基片总体上是平的；
将所述至少两个齿部中的一个定位在所述复合基片的第一表面上，并且将所述至少两个齿部中的一个定位在所述复合基片的第二表面上，使得所述复合基片的第一端部啮合至所述金属基片的基部；
将固定介质施加至所述金属基片的齿部和所述复合基片；
将所述复合基片和所述金属基片滚卷以形成管轴；以及
固化所述管轴。
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