CN1035887A - 防弹机织物 - Google Patents

防弹机织物 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1035887A
CN1035887A CN88108529A CN88108529A CN1035887A CN 1035887 A CN1035887 A CN 1035887A CN 88108529 A CN88108529 A CN 88108529A CN 88108529 A CN88108529 A CN 88108529A CN 1035887 A CN1035887 A CN 1035887A
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woven fabric
tram
yarn
polymer
bulletproof woven
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恩格尔贝塔斯·亨利卡斯·玛丽亚·范戈普
埃里克·享利卡斯·玛丽亚·霍根布姆
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Stamicarbon BV
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Stamicarbon BV
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/573—Tensile strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
    • D03D1/0052—Antiballistic fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
    • D10B2321/0211—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene high-strength or high-molecular-weight polyethylene, e.g. ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene [UHMWPE]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/061—Load-responsive characteristics elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/062—Load-responsive characteristics stiff, shape retention
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及防弹机织物，由强度大、模量高的长丝或纱线组成，长丝或纱线用超高分子量的聚合物制成。经丝或经纱的聚合物有别于纬丝或纬纱材料。由于这种设计，增加了经纬丝的引互摩擦，从而冲来的子弹不再象遇到现有的例如用聚烯烃经纬丝制作的防弹织物那样，会使这些长丝向旁边移动。

Description

用超高分子量的聚合物制成的强度大、模量高的长丝和纱线所组成的防弹机织物，业已公知。
例如，美国专利4，181，768所描述的防弹机织物，其经丝和纬丝是芳族聚酰胺长丝或纱线。这类织物的缺点是它们比较重，这是因为芳族聚酰胺的分子量很高，而且水分的作用大大削弱了反弹道的性能。
EP89，537所公布的防弹机织物，其经丝和纬丝是聚烯烃纤维，这种纤维具有超过500，000克/摩尔的超高分子量。这类织物的缺点是，当子弹穿入时，聚烯烃长丝因其表面很光滑而容易在织物中向旁边移动，这样就要用更多的纱层去挡住冲来的子弹。
本发明的一个目的是用上述一般类型的防弹机织物去克服现有技术的缺点，这种织物一则重量轻，二则它们的长丝或纱线碰到冲来的弹头时不轻易位移，从而，能够生产比EP89，537公布的结构厚度更薄的所述织物。
利用本发明的防弹机织物，能达到上述目的。这种防弹机织物由强度大、模量高的长丝或纱线组成，长丝或纱线的材料是超高分子量的聚合物，但经向丝或纱线所用的聚合物有别于纬向。
本发明的依据是这样一个惊人的发现：若防弹机织物的经丝或经纱由不同于纬丝或纬纱的聚合物材料制成，长丝或纱线的相互滑移作用则大为降低，结果，冲来的弹头就不会像现有那样经丝或纱和纬丝或纱为同一聚合物的机织物那样移开这些纱线。本发明的机织物，相应地可织得比EP89，537所公布的机织物更薄。
根据本发明的机织物，其纬丝或纬纱材料，最好用超高分子的聚乙烯，特别是线性聚乙烯，尤其是分子量超过600，000克/摩尔（重均分子量）。这些聚乙烯可含少量的，最好不超过5摩尔%，并能与之共聚的一种或一种以上的其它烯烃，如丙烯，丁烯、戊烯、己烯、4-甲基戊烯、辛烯等。此外，它们在每1，000个碳原子中，最好含有1～10个，尤其是2～6个甲基或乙基。不过，也可使用其它聚烯烃，例如聚丙烯的均聚物和共聚物，这些聚烯烃也可包含少量一种或一种以上的其它聚合物，特别是烯烃-1聚合物。
然而，纬纱亦可采用其它聚合物，例如高分子量的聚乙烯醇，所制得的长丝或纱线强度大，模量高，符合生产防弹织物的一般要求。又如，有低含量乙烯的聚乙烯醇和乙烯的共聚物，也是合适的。
各种情况下使用的超高分子的长丝，最好用凝胶法生产，该方法主要是将特定的聚合物溶于一种溶剂，然后，在高于该聚合物溶解温度的情况下，将溶液成型制成丝，再将丝冷却，施以凝胶，把温度降至溶解温度以下，拉伸凝胶长丝并脱除溶剂，拉伸率最好大于20，大于30更好。对这种流程，过去已有描述，例如见诸于GB-A-2，042，414和GB-A-2，051，667号专利以及DE公开公报3，724，434号。
纬纱以低纱性密度为宜，特别是小于700d，小于500d则更好。
现已证明，使用高取向的细单丝制得的纬纱来生产本发明的防弹机织物，有明显的优越性，纬纱的旦尼尔小于4为好，小于2则更好，并最好用大于600，000克/摩尔（重均分子量）的超高分子量的聚乙烯制作。
根据本发明的防弹机织物，其经丝和/或经纱的模量最好低于纬丝和/或纬纱，而拉伸度要高于后者。这种实施方案优点突出，因为更容易生产出有弹性经丝的机织物。此外，从弹道性能看，如果防弹织物不仅在经向上而且在纬向上的硬挺度都相同，则更有利。不过，一般经纱的硬度更高。使用比纬丝和/或纬纱的模量低但拉伸度高的经丝和/或经纱，就能使经向和纬向的硬挺度基本相同。
为提高抗滑性，可对制造本发明的防弹织物的经纬丝或经纬纱作平稳的表面处理，而不致影响强度和模量值，例如等离子体处理，如同DE公开公报（德国专利局文件参考S4240-5410专利申请，申请日与本发明相同）中所描述的那样。其它进行这种预处理的方法，包括电晕处理或任何现有的机械/或化学的提高抗滑性的方法，只要不降低强度与模量即可。甚至可以将已知的抗滑剂涂在长丝上也是可行的。此外，把经纬丝或经纬纱与磨擦系数高的，和表面粗糙的长丝和/或纱线一道作包芯纱，亦可提高经纬丝或经纬纱的抗滑性能。

Claims (6)

1、一种由强度大、模量高的长丝或纱线制成的防弹机织物，长丝或纱线由超高分子量的聚合物构成，织物中构成经丝或经纱的聚合物有别于纬丝或纬纱材料。
2、如权利要求1所述的防弹机织物，其中的纬丝或纬纱由聚乙烯，尤其是线性聚乙烯制成。
3、如权利要求1与2中任何一项所述的防弹机织物，其中的纬丝具有低线性密度，特别是小于700d。
4、如权利要求1至3所述的任何一项的防弹机织物，其中的经丝或经纱用聚酰胺，特别是芳族聚酰胺制成。
5、如权利要求1至4中任何一项所述的防弹机织物，其中经丝或经纱的模量低于纬丝或纬纱，拉伸度高于后者。
6、如权利要求1至5中任何一项所述的防弹机织物，其纬纱用很细的高取向的单丝制成，尤其是其丹尼尔值小于4，特别是用大于600，000克/摩尔（重均分子量）的超高分子量的聚乙烯制成。
CN88108529A 1987-10-02 1988-10-01 防弹机织物 Pending CN1035887A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3733433 1987-10-02
DEP3733433.6 1987-10-02

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CN1035887A true CN1035887A (zh) 1989-09-27

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CN88108530A Pending CN1036418A (zh) 1987-10-02 1988-10-01 用于合成纤维或纱线的表面处理的设备
CN88108529A Pending CN1035887A (zh) 1987-10-02 1988-10-01 防弹机织物

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CN88108530A Pending CN1036418A (zh) 1987-10-02 1988-10-01 用于合成纤维或纱线的表面处理的设备

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EP (1) EP0310199A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH01156541A (zh)
KR (1) KR890006883A (zh)
CN (2) CN1036418A (zh)
AU (1) AU2338088A (zh)
BR (1) BR8805055A (zh)
ZA (1) ZA887385B (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1042844C (zh) * 1995-01-30 1999-04-07 纳幕尔杜邦公司 轻质抗撕破织物
CN100336955C (zh) * 2001-03-15 2007-09-12 泰金特瓦隆有限公司 防穿透材料
CN102677318A (zh) * 2012-05-29 2012-09-19 蔡紫林 一种纺织面料

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US5180880A (en) * 1990-02-28 1993-01-19 Zufle T Tyler Soft body armor
JP3082955B2 (ja) * 1990-11-29 2000-09-04 三井化学株式会社 飛翔体抵抗性物
US5187003A (en) * 1991-11-26 1993-02-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Hybrid ballistic fabric
DE4142538C2 (de) * 1991-12-21 1996-02-29 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Textiles Flächengebilde
GB9208221D0 (en) * 1992-04-14 1992-05-27 Mclaren Cars Nv Improvements in or relating to vehicles
WO1994009336A1 (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-04-28 Allied-Signal Inc. Entangled high strength yarn
IL107195A (en) * 1992-10-13 1997-07-13 Allied Signal Inc Fabric having reduced air permeability comprising multifilament yarn
ES2115431B1 (es) * 1994-03-25 1999-02-16 Autotex S A Estructura textil residente a impactos de proyectiles y explosiones.
DE4423198A1 (de) * 1994-07-01 1996-01-04 Triumph International Ag Schutzkleidung, besonders antiballistische Damen-Schutzkleidung
US6610618B1 (en) 1999-01-18 2003-08-26 Teijin Twaron Gmbh Penetration-resistant material comprising fabric with high linear density ratio of two sets of threads
US6668868B2 (en) * 2000-08-30 2003-12-30 Warwick Mills, Inc Woven fabric constructions having high cover factors and fill yarns with a weight per unit length less than the weight per unit length of warp yarns of the fabric
US6610617B2 (en) 2001-04-12 2003-08-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ballistic resistant article
EP1396698A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2004-03-10 Teijin Twaron GmbH Penetration-restistant material and articles made of the same
EP1870281A1 (en) 2006-06-23 2007-12-26 DSMIP Assets B.V. Cargo net
CN102230759A (zh) * 2011-05-17 2011-11-02 天津工业大学 一种基层织物及其制造方法
CN102851939B (zh) * 2012-09-21 2014-06-11 华南理工大学 一种碳纤维表面连续处理的方法及装置
DE102015008810B4 (de) * 2015-07-03 2024-05-02 BLüCHER GMBH Textiles ballistisches Schutzmaterial mit Splitter-, Stich-, Schnitt-, Schuss- und Stoßschutzfunktion
CN105624926B (zh) * 2016-01-06 2017-09-15 灵氟隆新材料科技江苏有限公司 用于减少聚四氟乙烯膜裂纤维毛羽的方法
CN106012216B (zh) * 2016-06-16 2019-03-12 青岛天邦线业有限公司 一种芳纶布及其浸胶工艺
CN109722754B (zh) * 2019-03-11 2021-09-07 嘉兴学院 一种Cu/PVDF-TrFE/CNTY复合压电纱的制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4181768A (en) * 1974-10-31 1980-01-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Body armor laminate
DE3035883C2 (de) * 1980-09-24 1986-07-17 Peter - BTR Gummiwerke AG, 6450 Hanau Antriebs- oder Fördergurt
DE3150725A1 (de) * 1981-12-22 1983-06-30 Horst Schmolmann Beschusssichere faltenkonstruktion
US4457985A (en) * 1982-03-19 1984-07-03 Allied Corporation Ballistic-resistant article

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1042844C (zh) * 1995-01-30 1999-04-07 纳幕尔杜邦公司 轻质抗撕破织物
CN100336955C (zh) * 2001-03-15 2007-09-12 泰金特瓦隆有限公司 防穿透材料
CN102677318A (zh) * 2012-05-29 2012-09-19 蔡紫林 一种纺织面料

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8805055A (pt) 1989-05-09
ZA887385B (en) 1989-06-28
KR890006883A (ko) 1989-06-16
CN1036418A (zh) 1989-10-18
EP0310199A1 (en) 1989-04-05
AU2338088A (en) 1989-04-06
JPH01156541A (ja) 1989-06-20

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