CN1036418A - 用于合成纤维或纱线的表面处理的设备 - Google Patents

用于合成纤维或纱线的表面处理的设备 Download PDF

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CN1036418A
CN1036418A CN88108530A CN88108530A CN1036418A CN 1036418 A CN1036418 A CN 1036418A CN 88108530 A CN88108530 A CN 88108530A CN 88108530 A CN88108530 A CN 88108530A CN 1036418 A CN1036418 A CN 1036418A
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马丁纳斯·约翰内斯·尼古拉斯·雅各斯
亨德·利卡斯·约翰内斯·约瑟夫·鲁膝
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Dyneema VOF
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    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/573—Tensile strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
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    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
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    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
    • D10B2321/0211—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene high-strength or high-molecular-weight polyethylene, e.g. ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene [UHMWPE]
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    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
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    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/061—Load-responsive characteristics elastic
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    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/062—Load-responsive characteristics stiff, shape retention
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength

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Abstract

一种用于合成纤维或纱线的表面处理设备，特别 是用于超高分子量的聚乙烯纤维或纱线的表面处理 设备，以改善其粘附性。通过两个有源电极(10、12) 产生一电晕，在两电极之间，让纤维或纱线平行于纵 向方向通过。电极被设计成具有一绝缘外层。供给 电极(12)的电流的相位相对供给电极(10)的电流相 位偏移180°。

Description

本发明涉及一种用电晕来改善合成纤维或纱线的粘附性的表面处理设备。
众所周知，为了改善合成纤维或合成纱线的表面特性，例如提高它的粘附性，而使用电晕来进行的表面处理。在这种情况下，将一有源电极与一无源电极或接地电极相对布置。把长丝或纱线横着而输入电晕，以便在两电极之间产生一个非常窄的处理区。这种公知设备的缺点是在两极之间可能产生点放电，纤维或纱线得不到均匀处理。此外，纤维在通过电晕的过程中常常被损坏，并且用这种设备处理的长丝或纤维的拉伸强度下降到30%。
本发明基于这样的目的，制备出一种能对合成纤维，特别是超高分子量的聚乙烯纤维进行表面处理的设备，以便例如改善它的粘附性，而不影响纤维或纱线的机械性能。
根据本发明，用两细长线性的绝缘有源电极，让纤维或纱线在两电极之间通过以达到这个目的。
本发明的设备设计相当简单，其特征在于防止了在两极之间产生点放电。在纤维或纱线通过两电极的过程中，它们的拉伸强度不会降低，结果通过处理，使纤维或纱线的质量都大大地提高了。
按照最佳实施方案，供给两电极的电流相位偏移180°，两电极之间的电压最好为14kv。安装两绝缘的并供给相位移电流的有源电极，通过它纤维或纱线可获得很均匀处理，并且在两电极之间可避免介质击穿。
两电极与纤维或纱线的输送方向相平行。对每米长度的电极来说，纤维或纱线穿过两电极的速度最好在25～1000m/mm，特别是200m/mm。电极越短，通过的速度就越低，反之亦然，这样就获得一个近似恒定的处理时间。将电极平行的与输送方向布置，使得纤维或纱线只要通过两电极之间的区域一次就可得到其表面处理。同时，许多相互平行的纱线或纤维可以在两极之间通过。
根据另一个最佳实施方案，织物的输送方向与电极的纵向相垂直。
在纵向输送纱线或纤维和在横向输送织物的情况下，纤维、纱或织物穿过两电极的总的处理时间为0.05～2.5秒，最好为0.3秒。
根据最佳实施方案，两电极的宽度大约为3～10mm，长度为200mm以上，外包绝缘层厚度大约2mm，两绝缘层表面间距大约为2～5mm。长度为340mm的电极，由于在每端增加了绝缘层，从而获得良好的结果。
电极的绝缘层最好由石英或陶瓷制得。供给电极的电压最高约为14kv，电流在20～25kHZ。选择能量供给约为400～1000W/m的电极。
下面将参照附图，详细说明本发明的典型的实施方案，图中所示。
一种电晕的实施方案，它用于合成纤维，特别是超高分子量的聚乙烯纤维或长丝的表面处理，这些纤维在电极纵向输送。
图中示出了一种电晕，它包括一电极10和另一与前一电极相对的电极12。这两个电极10和12都是有源的，在每种情况下，供给它们的电压为14kv。供给电极12的电流相对于供给电极10的电流相位偏移180°，电极10和12分别用绝缘层14和16包着，绝缘层由石英或陶瓷制造，每处厚度约为2mm，两电极间距约为5mm，这个间距是测量两绝缘层14和16表面之间的距离。合成纤维，特别是超高分子量的聚乙烯的纱线或纤维18穿过电极10和12，在每米长度的电极上纱线或纤维18以25～1000m/mm的速度穿过电极，特别是速度为200m/mm。许多相互平行的纱线或纤维可以穿过电极10和12。供给电极的电流频率为20～25kHZ，电压约为14kv，能耗约为每米电极1000W。织物垂直于电极纵向方向上，从电极10和12之间穿过。
进行表面处理的效率是处理速度的函数。已发现，在平行于电极长度方向输送纱线的情况下，每米长度的电极上以200m/mm的输送速瓤苫竦梅浅：玫男ЧＴ谥镅氐缂嵯蚴渌褪保源硎奔湓嘉?.3秒的速度可获得非常好的效果。
在电晕处理之后就可直接进行化学处理，从而提高电晕处理过的产品的湿润性和粘附性。通过这种化学处理，可以将附加的活性基团带到产品的表面上，如羧基，羟基或羰基。这种处理是可以进行的，例如用不饱和化合物，如丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺、缩苹果酸、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、衣康酸和醋酸乙烯酯等。为了避免产生不饱和化合物的聚合作用，最好使用聚合阻聚剂如三价铁化合物。例如，将电晕处理后的产品放入所说的未饱和化合物的溶液中，如丙烯酸溶液中，进行这种化学后处理。但是，也可在气相中进行化学后处理，这种用来提高聚烯烃的粘附性的化学工艺，是公知的。
实例
使用本发明的设备所作的试验表明，当电晕有效长度为320mm，能耗为150瓦，纱线速度为20m/mm，电极间距为5mm。纱线平行于电极长度方向进行输送时，纱线具有拉伸强度为73.4+/-1.2N。在具有两个250W细长绝缘有源电极的电晕处理设备下，将纱线以50m/mm速度送入电极时，电极间距为5mm，所得的纱线拉伸强度为69.4+/-5.3N。而未经处理的纱线的拉伸强度大约为72N。
未经处理的PE纱线混合物的抗剪强力最大值为13.5+/-1.2MPa，下表表示用本发明的设备处理过纱线的抗剪强力的最大值。
电晕功率    输送速度    抗剪强力
（瓦）    （米/分）    （兆帕斯卡）
a）    150    20    20.5±0.8
b）    250    50    20.1±0.8
c）    100    30    19.0±1.6
d）    100    75    18.0±1.5
e）    100    150    15.5±1.4
f）    100    300    14.8±0.6
g）    300    15    21.0±1.4
h）    300    30    20.5±0.7
i）    300    75    19.8±1.1
j）    300    150    18.5±1.0
k）    300    300    16.2±0.7
在所有的实例中，拉伸强度降低不超过10%。

Claims (9)

1、一种用于合成纤维或纱线的表面处理的设备，特别超高分子量的聚乙烯纤维，是借助电晕来改善其粘附性的设备，它包括两细长线性绝缘有源电极(10，12)，在两极之间，纤维或纱线(18)被输送。
2、根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中供给两极的电流相位偏移180°。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，其中两电极（10，12）与纤维或纱线（18）的输送方向相平行。
4、根据权利要求1至3所述的任一种设备，其中对于每米长度的电极来说，纱线或纤维（18）通过两电极的速度在25～1000m/mm之间，最好为200m/mm。
5、根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，其中织物的输送方向与两电极（10，12）的纵向长度方向相垂直。
6、根据权利要求1至5所述的任一种设备，其中两电极（10，12）的宽度大约为3～10mm，长度大于200mm，其绝缘层厚度大约为2mm，两绝缘层表面之间的间隔大约为2～5mm。
7、根据权利要求1至6所述的任一种设备，其中绝缘层由石英或陶瓷组成。
8、根据权利要求1至7所述任一种设备，其中两电极的电压大约为14kv，频率为20～25HZ。
9、一种用于合成纤维或纱线表面处理的方法，特别是超高分子量纤维，用电晕来改善的粘附性的方法，其中使用了权利要求1～8的任一或多种所述的设备。
CN88108530A 1987-10-02 1988-10-01 用于合成纤维或纱线的表面处理的设备 Pending CN1036418A (zh)

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CN102851939A (zh) * 2012-09-21 2013-01-02 华南理工大学 一种碳纤维表面连续处理的方法及装置
CN109722754A (zh) * 2019-03-11 2019-05-07 嘉兴学院 一种Cu/PVDF-TrFE/CNTY复合压电纱的制备方法

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CN102851939B (zh) * 2012-09-21 2014-06-11 华南理工大学 一种碳纤维表面连续处理的方法及装置
CN109722754A (zh) * 2019-03-11 2019-05-07 嘉兴学院 一种Cu/PVDF-TrFE/CNTY复合压电纱的制备方法
CN109722754B (zh) * 2019-03-11 2021-09-07 嘉兴学院 一种Cu/PVDF-TrFE/CNTY复合压电纱的制备方法

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ZA887385B (en) 1989-06-28
KR890006883A (ko) 1989-06-16
EP0310199A1 (en) 1989-04-05
CN1035887A (zh) 1989-09-27
AU2338088A (en) 1989-04-06
JPH01156541A (ja) 1989-06-20

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