CN103586296A - Mosaic ceramic drawing die and making method thereof - Google Patents
Mosaic ceramic drawing die and making method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103586296A CN103586296A CN201310512356.9A CN201310512356A CN103586296A CN 103586296 A CN103586296 A CN 103586296A CN 201310512356 A CN201310512356 A CN 201310512356A CN 103586296 A CN103586296 A CN 103586296A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mosaic ceramic drawing die and a making method thereof. The mosaic ceramic drawing die is characterized in that the mosaic ceramic drawing die comprises a die core and a die sleeve; the die core comprises an inlet zone, a work zone and a sizing zone which are coaxial, are smoothly connected, and are obtained through a superplastic extrusion molding method, and the material of the die core is an alumina-based ternary eutectic ceramic; and the die sleeve comprises a die core accommodating zone for fixing the die core, and an outlet zone smoothly connected with the sizing zone. The drawing die core is formed through the superplastic extrusion molding by utilizing the superplasticity of the alumina-based ternary eutectic ceramic, and is inlaid in the die sleeve to compose the mosaic ceramic drawing die. The die core has a high hardness and wear and high temperature resistances, and can substantially improve the service life of the drawing die; and the superplastic molding method is suitable for the batch production, and the whole drawing die adopts a mosaic structure, so the production cost of the whole drawing die is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacture field of wire drawing die, specifically a kind of inlaid type ceramic bull block and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Wire drawing die, as the strength member in metal material drawing industry, is a kind of typical easily consume instrument.The material that is used for making wire drawing die has: the materials such as steel alloy, carbide alloy, natural diamond, man-made polycrystalline diamond, pottery.And more wire drawing die all adopts the technique that core rod coordinates with die sleeve to make, adopt material that mechanical property is good as core rod, be also core rod working portion, the material of making core rod adopts carbide alloy or diamond etc. more; Adopt the materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel to make die sleeve.
Sintered carbide wire drawing die is generally to take carbide as raw material, adds a certain amount of transiting group metal elements as binding agent thermal sintering, by cold-press method or pressure sintering, carbide alloy core rod is inlaid into moulding in punching block overcoat.It is high that carbide alloy has wearability, and polishability is good, and adhesion is little, and coefficient of friction is little, and corrosion stability high makes its life-span and serviceability far away higher than punching block, has aborning popularity.But due to the extremely difficult processing of the material after sintering, and precision and performance requirement higher, product surface fineness is low, therefore, the last grinding used time is many, cutter consumption is large, the production cycle is longer, makes its Costco Wholesale far above common steel wire drawing die.Natural diamond has good hardness and wear resistance, but relatively rare, and price is higher, can not extensive use and production.Polycrystalline diamond wire drawing die has adopted glomerocryst core rod, is combined into edge cover wire drawing die with mild steel overcoat, because polycrystalline diamond belongs to polycrystal, has isotropism, and the nib of the wire drawing die of therefore making is more mellow and fuller, weares and teares comparatively even.And polycrystalline diamond hardness is generally high than carbide alloy, anti-wear performance is good, strong shock resistance, and resistance to fracture ability is strong.Glomerocryst mould can be used the longer time continuously, the unproductive time that has reduced mode transfer and worn mould, has therefore improved wire drawing efficiency, has reduced workman's labour intensity.But because polycrystalline diamond is a kind of polycrystalline aggregate, its wire drawing die fineness of making is not high enough, makes the wire surface precision of some drawings not reach standard.Because cohesive strength is not high enough, often cause crystal grain to come off, from workspace, be shed to reducing band wire drawing resistance is constantly increased, even make wire drawing die integral body burst apart.In addition, the size of glomerocryst mould is relatively little, can't large-sizedly use, thereby has limited application and the development of glomerocryst mould.CVD dimaond die has adopted diamond thin, it is polycrystalline diamond, combine hardness, wearability and the isotropism of fineness, temperature tolerance and the polycrystalline diamond of natural diamond, so more superior than now widely used natural diamond and polycrystalline diamond wire drawing die at some aspect of performance.But the manufacture craft more complicated of CVD diamond-coated wire-drawing die, processing difficulties, cost is higher.When the fineness of coating abrasion rear mold reduces greatly, make wire rod precision can not get ensureing, mould also can not be reused because coming off of crystal grain presents the tendency of bursting apart simultaneously, can only scrap.
Have at present and use cermet, ZTA pottery, Al
2o
3the wire-drawing die that the materials such as/TiC is ceramic, TZP is ceramic are made.The general wire drawing die made from ceramic material is not easy to adhere to metal wire rod in drawing process, be conducive to improve metal wire material surface property, especially at high temperature draw nonferrous materials, can avoid the defect of sintered carbide wire drawing die, and can extend the wire drawing die life-span, improve the surface quality of material.But because the moulding of ceramic material, toughness and impact resistance are high not enough, and because its hardness is too high, make machining difficulty, in the application of wire drawing die industry, be subject to certain restriction.
In metal wire drawing is shaped, the core rod of wire drawing die part is as main force part, and its temperature raises very fast, and wearing and tearing are also the most serious, thereby cause the inefficacy of whole wire drawing die.Therefore, how to improve hardness and the abrasion resistance properties of core rod, the cost of manufacture that simultaneously reduces whole wire drawing die is key issue.In addition,, because the ceramic powder that the whole wire drawing die of making needs is more, specifically after making shaping, need that outlet area is carried out to grinding more difficult.Conventionally single ceramic bull block is due to the impact resistance of ceramic material and toughness is low etc. that natural defect is easy to produce the defects such as heat fatigue cracking.
Summary of the invention
According to the technical problem of above-mentioned proposition, and provide a kind of inlaid type ceramic bull block and preparation method thereof.The present invention adopts alumina base ternary eutectic pottery to make the core rod of wire drawing die, core rod includes mouth region, workspace and sizing area part, the superplasticity of utilizing alumina base ternary eutectic pottery to possess, by superplastic extrusion processing, obtain the shape and size of core rod part, the eutectic ceramic die core of wire-drawing die making the most at last, is then embedded in core rod in the die sleeve of steel and is combined into inlaid type wire drawing die.
The technological means that the present invention adopts is as follows:
A ceramic bull block, is characterized in that: comprise core rod and die sleeve;
Described core rod comprises that, by superplastic extrusion manufacturing process acquisition successively in smoothing junction and coaxial inlet region, workspace and sizing area, the material of described core rod is alumina base ternary eutectic pottery;
Described die sleeve comprise the core rod for fixing described core rod hold district and with the outlet area of described sizing area smooth connection.
As preferably, the material of described core rod is with Al
2o
3for matrix, add ZrO
2and Y
2o
3the ternary eutectic pottery obtaining, described ternary eutectic pottery is pressed wherein 64～66mol%Al
2o
3, 18～20mol%ZrO
2, 18～14%mol Y
2o
3carry out proportioning, described proportioning is mol ratio.
The preparation method who the invention also discloses above-mentioned inlaid type ceramic bull block, is characterized in that: the material of the core rod of described wire drawing die is alumina base ternary eutectic pottery, and described core rod obtains by superplastic extrusion manufacturing process, and concrete preparation comprises the steps:
1. prepare nano-ceramic powder;
Then described nano-ceramic powder can mix rear acquisition ternary eutectic nano-ceramic powder by proportioning by buying commercially available nano-powder, and described ternary eutectic pottery is pressed wherein 64～66mol%Al
2o
3, 18～20mol%ZrO
2, 18～14%mol Y
2o
3carry out proportioning, described proportioning is mol ratio, and its composition proportion realizes by three kinds of powders of initial weighing, three kinds of powders is mixed obtain ternary eutectic nano-ceramic powder subsequently; Also can directly prepare ternary eutectic nano-ceramic powder by chemical method, as liquid-phase precipitation method, sol-gel process etc.
2. the nano-ceramic powder making sintering at the temperature of 1400～1600 ℃ is obtained to columniform ceramic sintered bodies;
3. the melt temperature of the ceramic sintered bodies of acquisition being put into 1850～1950 ℃ of mould inherences is carried out vacuum fusion, cooling with stove after insulation 30-60min, obtains eutectic ceramic base substrate;
Described mould is graphite jig, in insulating process, can apply less power, and the gas of molten mass inside is more easily got rid of.Sintering process required for the present invention and melting process all can be realized in common vacuum hotpressing stove.Afterwards, at room temperature take out ceramic material after cooling with stove, obtain having the eutectic ceramic base substrate of high wearability.
4. eutectic ceramic base substrate is put into extrusion die and carried out extrusion molding at the superplastic deformation temperature of 1600～1800 ℃, make sintered body produce superplastic deformation until fit with mould, obtain in smoothing junction and coaxial inlet region, workspace and sizing area successively, then carry out grinding; Described extrusion die is high-strength graphite mould.Preferably, the pressure head speed of extrusion molding is 1～3mm/min; Deformation time is 5～30min.
The core rod preparing is inlaid into and in the die sleeve that is provided with outlet area, makes inlaid type ceramic bull block.Can adopt the methods such as hot pressing suit that core rod edge is spelled in steel die sleeve.
As preferably, the material of described core rod is with Al
2o
3for matrix, add ZrO
2and Y
2o
3the ternary eutectic pottery obtaining, described ternary eutectic pottery is pressed wherein 64～66mol%Al
2o
3, 18～20mol%ZrO
2, 18～14%mol Y
2o
3carry out proportioning, described proportioning is mol ratio.
As preferably, the nano-ceramic powder of step in 2. can adopt at the temperature of 1400～1600 ℃, is incubated 60～75min, and hot pressing pressure is more than or equal under 25MPa, carries out vacuum heating-press sintering and obtains columniform ceramic sintered bodies; Or at room temperature, isostatic cool pressing becomes cylinder blank, cold isostatic compaction pressure is more than or equal to 200MPa, and the dwell time is more than or equal to 5min, and at the temperature of 1400～1600 ℃, pressureless sintering obtains columniform ceramic sintered bodies more afterwards.
Compared with prior art, compare, the alumina base ternary eutectic pottery adopting in the present invention has excellent mechanical performances, and it has good High-temperature Superplasticity, adopts superplastic extrusion forming technology be shaped critical size and the hole shape of die core of wire-drawing die.Under suitable rate of deformation and deformation temperature, can there is Superplasticity Phenomenon in the alumina base ternary eutectic ceramic body obtaining, can change by controlling the size and shape of extruding condition and extrusion die size and the shape of core rod, last need to can obtain core rod by a small amount of precision polishing, greatly reduced the cutting to ceramic body, reduce production technology and cost, utilized superplasticforming technique to be also suitable for batch production simultaneously.In addition, hardness and the wearability of the alumina base ternary eutectic ceramic mold core after superplasticforming all can be increased.The alumina-based eutectic ceramic adopting in the present invention is only for core rod production partly, and die sleeve part can adopt steel die sleeve, can improve like this wearability of wire drawing die, also can reduce the production cost of whole wire drawing die, and improve its service life.
Core rod working portion of the present invention has very high hardness, wearability and resistance to elevated temperatures, can significantly improve and use wire drawing die service life; Core rod adopts superplastic forming technology processing, and SPF Technology is applicable to batch production, and whole wire drawing die adopts inlaid type structure, has reduced the production cost of whole wire drawing die.The present invention can extensively promote in wire drawing die field for the foregoing reasons.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of inlaid type ceramic bull block of the present invention.
The structural representation of Fig. 2 extrusion die of the present invention.
In figure: 1, die sleeve 11, outlet area 2, core rod 21,23, sizing area, 22, workspace, inlet region 3, extrusion die 31, recipient 32, cushion block 33, pressure head 4, eutectic ceramic base substrate
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of inlaid type ceramic bull block, comprises core rod 2 and die sleeve 1; Described core rod 2 comprises that, by superplastic extrusion manufacturing process acquisition successively in smoothing junction and coaxial 22He sizing area, 21, workspace, inlet region 23, the material of described core rod 2 is alumina base ternary eutectic pottery; Described die sleeve 1 comprise the core rod for fixing described core rod hold district and with the outlet area 11 of described sizing area smooth connection.The material of described core rod 2 is with Al
2o
3for matrix, add ZrO
2and Y
2o
3the ternary eutectic pottery obtaining.
Below in conjunction with concrete technical scheme, describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
Embodiment 1
Described core rod 2 materials are a kind of with Al
2o
3for matrix, add ZrO
2and Y
2o
3the ternary eutectic nano ceramics forming.First by mol ratio, be 65mol%Al
2o
3, 19mol%ZrO
2, 16mol Y
2o
3three kinds of commercially available nano-powders in ball mill, mix.Mixed nano-ceramic powder is put into the cylinder mould that graphite is made, and is slowly pressurized to 200MPa on ordinary press, pressurize 5min, and slowly compressing cylindrical ceramic base substrate is taken out in unloading.Then this ceramic body is put into common heating furnace and be slowly heated to 1450 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, after taking out, obtain ceramic sintered bodies.Ceramic sintered bodies is put into the melt temperature of inherent 1900 ℃ of graphite jig and is carried out vacuum fusion, afterwards, cooling with stove after to room temperature, take out ceramic material, obtain having the eutectic ceramic base substrate 4 of high wearability.
Eutectic ceramic base substrate 4 is put into extrusion die 3 as shown in Figure 2, wherein, 31 is recipient, 32 is cushion block, 33 is pressure head, after assembling, extrusion die 3 and eutectic ceramic base substrate 4 is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, is heated to 1700 ℃, giving deformation time is 5min, then opens hot pressing furnace and takes out extrusion die 3 and core rod 2 crude green bodies.Core rod 2 crude green bodies now have had good surface smoothness, only need to can be mounted in the die sleeve 1 of steel die through meticulous 21Ji workspace, polishing inlet region 22, are finally combined into inlaid type wire drawing die as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2
Described core rod 2 materials are a kind of with Al
2o
3for matrix, add ZrO
2and Y
2o
3after the ternary eutectic nano ceramics that obtains.First by product mol ratio, be 64mol%Al
2o
3, 18mol%ZrO
2, 18molY
2o
3calculate and weigh Al
2(NO
3) 9H
2o:65%, ZrOCl
28H
2o:20%, Y (NO
3)
36H
2tri-kinds of raw materials of O:15%, after being mixed, described three kinds of raw materials add in the mixed solvent of absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, in this solvent, first add a small amount of polyethylene glycol as dispersant, with three kinds of nano-powder generation agglomerations that prevent from adding, agitating solution ceaselessly in adding medicine process simultaneously.Stir after 50 minutes 65 ℃ of heating water baths 5 hours, then in solution, add a small amount of ammoniacal liquor, standing 1 day.Owing to can generating powder after medicine reaction, be precipitated out, by standing for a long time, can make solution layering, upper solution is outwelled, by repeatedly adding water and the standing ammoniacal liquor that washes away.Filter out afterwards precipitation, put into crucible be heated to 180 ℃ dry, more repeatedly grind with mortar, finally under 1000 ℃ of conditions, calcine, obtained the required alumina base ternary eutectic nano-ceramic powder for sintering.
The nano-ceramic powder being made by liquid-phase precipitation method is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and by vacuum heating-press sintering, become the cylinder of required size and shape.In vacuum heating-press sintering, powder is heated to 1450 ℃, pressure is elevated to 30MPa heat-insulation pressure keeping 60 minutes.Take out ceramic sintered bodies, now obtained the alumina base ternary ceramics sintered body of higher-density.
The sintered body of acquisition is put into the melt temperature of inherent 1850 ℃ of graphite jig and carried out vacuum fusion, afterwards, at room temperature take out after cooling with stove, obtain having the eutectic ceramic base substrate 4 of high wearability.
Eutectic ceramic base substrate 4 is put into extrusion die 3 as shown in Figure 2, above eutectic ceramic base substrate 4, place pressure head 33, whole extrusion die 3 and eutectic ceramic base substrate 4 are put into vacuum hotpressing stove, be heated to 1650 ℃, after insulation, the crimp time is 5min, then opens hot pressing furnace and takes out extrusion die 3 and core rod 2 crude green bodies.Core rod 2 crude green bodies are now semi-finished product, have had good surface smoothness, only need to can be mounted in the die sleeve 1 of steel die through meticulous 21Ji workspace, grinding inlet region 22, are finally combined into inlaid type wire drawing die as shown in Figure 1.This edge is spelled in wire drawing die because eutectic ceramic core rod 2 has very high hardness and high temperature abrasion resistance, and in process, do not need a large amount of cuttings, reduced difficulty of processing, be suitable for batch production, in addition the die sleeve of steel die has certain toughness, can extend wire drawing die service life.
The above; it is only the preferably specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof, be equal to replacement or changed, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an inlaid type ceramic bull block, is characterized in that: comprise core rod and die sleeve;
Described core rod comprises that, by superplastic extrusion manufacturing process acquisition successively in smoothing junction and coaxial inlet region, workspace and sizing area, the material of described core rod is alumina base ternary eutectic pottery;
Described die sleeve comprise the core rod for fixing described core rod hold district and with the outlet area of described sizing area smooth connection.
2. a kind of inlaid type ceramic bull block according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described core rod is with Al
2o
3for matrix, add ZrO
2and Y
2o
3the ternary eutectic pottery obtaining, described ternary eutectic pottery is pressed wherein 64～66mol%Al
2o
3, 18～20mol%ZrO
2, 18～14%mol Y
2o
3carry out proportioning, described proportioning is mol ratio.
3. a preparation method for inlaid type ceramic bull block, is characterized in that: the material of the core rod of described wire drawing die is alumina base ternary eutectic pottery, and described core rod obtains by superplastic extrusion manufacturing process, and concrete preparation comprises the steps:
1. prepare nano-ceramic powder;
2. the nano-ceramic powder making sintering at the temperature of 1400～1600 ℃ is obtained to columniform ceramic sintered bodies;
3. the melt temperature of the ceramic sintered bodies of acquisition being put into 1850～1950 ℃ of mould inherences is carried out vacuum fusion, cooling with stove after insulation 30-60min, obtains eutectic ceramic base substrate;
4. eutectic ceramic base substrate is put into extrusion die and carried out extrusion molding at the superplastic deformation temperature of 1600～1800 ℃, obtain in smoothing junction and coaxial inlet region, workspace and sizing area successively, then carry out grinding;
The core rod preparing is inlaid into and in the die sleeve that is provided with outlet area, makes inlaid type ceramic bull block.
4. the preparation method of a kind of inlaid type ceramic bull block according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the material of described core rod is with Al
2o
3for matrix, add ZrO
2and Y
2o
3the ternary eutectic pottery obtaining, described ternary eutectic pottery is pressed wherein 64～66mol%Al
2o
3, 18～20mol%ZrO
2, 18～14%mol Y
2o
3carry out proportioning, described proportioning is mol ratio.
5. the preparation method of a kind of inlaid type ceramic bull block according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the nano-ceramic powder of step in 2. can adopt at the temperature of 1400～1600 ℃, insulation 60～75min, hot pressing pressure is more than or equal under 25MPa, carries out vacuum heating-press sintering and obtains columniform ceramic sintered bodies; Or at room temperature, isostatic cool pressing becomes cylinder blank, cold isostatic compaction pressure is more than or equal to 200MPa, and the dwell time is more than or equal to 5min, and at the temperature of 1400～1600 ℃, pressureless sintering obtains columniform ceramic sintered bodies more afterwards.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310512356.9A CN103586296B (en) | 2013-10-23 | 2013-10-23 | Mosaic ceramic drawing die and making method thereof |
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| CN104307901A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-01-28 | 苏州广型模具有限公司 | Machining method of die core material of wire-drawing die |
| CN104446385A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州广型模具有限公司 | Wire-drawing mold core material |
| CN105314971A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-02-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing aluminum oxide based ternary eutectic in-situ composite ceramics through pulsed discharge plasma assisted melting treatment |
| CN105478505A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-04-13 | 天津高盛钢丝绳有限公司 | Wire drawing die |
| CN106518026A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-03-22 | 常州创索新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing ceramic drawing die material |
| CN107931342A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 苏州金钜松机电有限公司 | A kind of copper wire drawing die |
| CN108975886A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-11 | 鲁东大学 | A kind of micro- texture self-lubricating wire drawing die based on 3D printing technique |
| CN109530466A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-29 | 辽宁通达建材实业有限公司 | A kind of wire-drawing die geometric dimension determines method |
| CN112547829A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-26 | 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 | Long-life composite structure extrusion die |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104307901A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-01-28 | 苏州广型模具有限公司 | Machining method of die core material of wire-drawing die |
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| CN105314971A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-02-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing aluminum oxide based ternary eutectic in-situ composite ceramics through pulsed discharge plasma assisted melting treatment |
| CN105314971B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2019-01-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of method that pulsed discharge plasma auxiliary remelting prepares the spontaneous composite ceramics of alumina base ternary eutectic |
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| CN107931342A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 苏州金钜松机电有限公司 | A kind of copper wire drawing die |
| CN108975886A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-11 | 鲁东大学 | A kind of micro- texture self-lubricating wire drawing die based on 3D printing technique |
| CN109530466A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-29 | 辽宁通达建材实业有限公司 | A kind of wire-drawing die geometric dimension determines method |
| CN112547829A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-26 | 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 | Long-life composite structure extrusion die |
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