CN103585321B - 一种外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物 - Google Patents
一种外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物，涉及中药技术领域。其由中药材和药用辅料制备而成，按重量份计，所述的中药材包括：艾叶20-30份、桑叶20-30份、牛蒡子18-25份、地肤子18-25份、石榴皮12-20份、明矾12-20份、苍术12-20份、栀子8-12份。本发明中药组合物外用熏洗联合甲硝唑内服治疗妇女滴虫性阴道炎疗效显著，比单纯使用甲硝唑更能有效地治疗妇女滴虫性阴道炎，且不良反应轻。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医药技术领域，具体涉及一种治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物。
背景技术
滴虫性阴道炎是育龄期女性常见的妇科疾患之一，发病率高，易反复发作。西医常用甲硝唑等抗厌氧菌药物治疗，但易导致反复发作，产生耐药性，造成病情迁延难愈。
滴虫性阴道炎归属于中医的“带下”及“阴痒”范畴。中医学认为其病因主要是湿热蕴结、虫蚀阴中所致，病机为肝、脾、肾功能失常及任带二脉失固。湿热之邪有内外之分。如久居湿地等致湿邪外侵，郁而化热，或经期、产后，湿热邪毒乘虚而入，此为外感湿热 若素体脾气虚弱，或肝气郁结，木克脾土，脾失健运，水湿内留，停注下焦，蕴而化热，则为内生湿热。湿热蕴结，韧带不固，则带下增多，色黄。下焦湿热，膀胱失约则并发淋证；湿邪浸淫日久成毒，或感染热毒邪气，热盛迫血妄行，或湿毒腐蚀肌肤，则可见带下脓血。湿腐生虫，或摄生不慎，虫邪直犯阴器，虫蚀阴中则阴痒、阴中灼痛。本病虽病在阴器，但每与肝脾等脏腑有关。本病以湿邪为患，故其病缠绵，反复发作，不易速愈，常并发月经不调、闭经、不孕等疾患。
甲硝唑具有抗厌氧菌及抗滴虫作用，但甲硝唑使用时问过长常会引起某些不良反应。通常妇女阴道中存在着许多细菌，这些不同的菌群问相互制约，形成共生状态，是不致病的。长期应用甲硝唑的直接后果就是使病菌产生耐药性，破坏阴道菌群间的制约关系，使阴道内的菌群发生紊乱，相互间的抑制作用被改变，导致真菌生长旺盛，治疗周期不断延长，炎症缠绵难愈，给患者带来不必要的精神及经济损失。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物及其医药用途。该中药组合物可有效地治疗妇女滴虫性阴道炎，且不产生耐药性，患者用药依存性高。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
本发明一种外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物，由中药材和辅料制备而成，按重量份计，所述的中药材包括：艾叶20-30份、桑叶20-30份、牛蒡子18-25份、地肤子18-25份、石榴皮12-20份、明矾12-20份、苍术12-20份、栀子8-12份。
上述外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物，按重量份计，所述的中药材优选由艾叶26份、桑叶26份、牛蒡子22份、地肤子22份、石榴皮16份、明矾16份、苍术16份和栀子10份组成。
进一步优选地，上述外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物为中药洗剂。
本发明外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药洗剂的制备方法包括如下步骤：称取处方量的艾叶、桑叶、牛蒡子、地肤子、石榴皮、明矾、苍术和栀子，洗净去杂，晾干，粉碎成颗粒，加入明矾，然后加入药材重量8-20倍量的水煎煮1-1.5h，过滤，收集滤液；再在药渣中加入药材重量6-15倍量的水煎煮0.5-1h，过滤，收集滤液，将两次滤液合并，浓缩至溶液体积∶药材重量=1∶1的药物浸膏，并按重量百分比为0.1%加入防腐剂羟苯乙酯，最后加水稀释，分装即可。
本发明外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药洗剂的使用方法为：每次取1袋放入坐浴盆中，加1000毫升开水(开水温度在90℃～100℃)，先熏洗，后坐浴，每日1～2次，每次20～40min，7d为1个疗程，每次月经前后各治疗1个疗程，连续治疗3个月经周期。进行中药熏洗前护士应嘱患者排大小便；熏洗时宜做好护理，使熏洗环境安静舒适，室温适宜；熏洗时冬季应注意保暖，夏季应避免受凉。患者坐位熏洗时，应嘱患者让患部以尽量贴近又不触及液面为宜；患者坐浴时，应嘱患者让患部全部浸没在药液中。熏洗药液温度应保持8O～95℃，浸泡坐浴温度应保持38-43℃。熏洗药液温度不可太热，以免烫伤皮肤或黏膜，也不可太凉。由于熏洗时间较久，所以药凉须再加热，只有持续温热熏洗，才能收到良好的效果。
熏洗疗法是中医常用疗法，是利用药物煎汤乘热在皮肤或患处进行熏蒸、淋洗的治疗方法(一般先用药汤蒸气熏，待药液温时再洗)。此疗法是借助药力和热力，通过皮肤、黏膜作用于肌体，促使腠理疏通、脉络调和、气血流畅，从而达到治疗疾病的目的。
根据中医药史料记载，上述中药材的药理活性如下：
艾叶：散寒止痛，温经止血。用于少腹冷痛，经寒不调，宫冷不孕，吐血， 衄血，崩漏经多，妊娠下血；外治皮肤瘙痒，脱皮。本发明选用菊科植物艾Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant. 的干燥叶。
桑叶：具有疏散风热，清肺润燥，平抑肝阳，清肝明目，凉血止血的功效。本发明选用桑科 Moraceae 植物桑 Morus alba L. 的干燥叶。
牛蒡子：具有疏散风热、宣肺透疹、利咽散结、解毒消肿的功效，主治风热咳嗽、咽喉肿痛、斑疹不透、风疹瘙痒、疮疡肿毒。本发明选用菊科植物牛蒡Arctium lappa L.的干燥成熟果实。
地肤子：清热利湿，祛风止痒。用于小便涩痛、阴痒带下、风疹、湿疹、皮肤瘙痒。本发明选用藜科植物地肤 Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. 的干燥成熟果实。
石榴皮：涩肠，止血，驱虫。治久泻，久痢，便血，脱肛，滑精，崩漏，带下，虫积腹痛，疥癣。本发明选用石榴科植物石榴的果皮。
苍术：燥湿健脾，祛风散寒，明目。用于脘腹胀满，泄泻水肿，脚气痿躄，风湿痹痛，风寒感冒，夜盲。本发明选用菊科植物茅苍术、北苍术或关苍术的根茎。
栀子：泻火除烦；清热利湿；凉血解毒；焦栀子：凉血止血。用于治疗热病心烦；肝火目赤；头痛；湿热黄疸；淋证；血痢尿血；口舌生疮；疮疡肿毒；扭伤肿痛。本发明选用茜草科植物栀子 Gardenia jasminoides Ellis 的干燥成熟果实。
本发明中药组合物可有效地治疗妇女滴虫性阴道炎，且不产生耐药性，患者用药依存性高，而且涉及的中药组合物外用熏洗联合甲硝唑内服治疗妇女滴虫性阴道炎疗效显著，比单纯使用甲硝唑更能有效地治疗妇女滴虫性阴道炎，且不产生耐药性，患者用药依存性高。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步作描述，但是本发明的保护范围并不限于这些实施例。凡是不背离本发明构思的改变或等同替代均包括在本发明的保护范围之内。
(一)制剂实施例部分
实施例1本发明中药组合物及制备工艺
处方：艾叶260克、桑叶260克、牛蒡子220克、地肤子220克、石榴皮160克、明矾160克、苍术160克、栀子100克。
制备工艺：按上述处方量称取艾叶、桑叶、牛蒡子、地肤子、石榴皮、明矾、苍术和栀子，洗净去杂，晾干，粉碎成颗粒，加入明矾，然后加入药材重量15倍量的水煎煮1-1.5h，过滤，收集滤液；再在药渣中加入药材重量10倍量的水煎煮0.5-1h，过滤，收集滤液，将两次滤液合并，浓缩至溶液体积∶药材重量=1∶1的药物浸膏，并按重量百分比为0.1%加入防腐剂羟苯乙酯，最后加水稀释至3升，按每袋125毫升分装。
实施例2本发明中药组合物及制备工艺
处方：艾叶220克、桑叶300克、牛蒡子200克、地肤子220克、石榴皮120克、明矾200克、苍术200克、栀子80克。
制备工艺：按上述处方量称取艾叶、桑叶、牛蒡子、地肤子、石榴皮、明矾、苍术和栀子，洗净去杂，晾干，粉碎成颗粒，加入明矾，然后加入药材重量15倍量的水煎煮1-1.5h，过滤，收集滤液；再在药渣中加入药材重量10倍量的水煎煮0.5-1h，过滤，收集滤液，将两次滤液合并，浓缩至溶液体积∶药材重量=1∶1的药物浸膏，并按重量百分比为0.1%加入防腐剂羟苯乙酯，最后加水稀释至3升，按每袋125毫升分装。
实施例3本发明中药组合物及制备工艺
处方：艾叶200克、桑叶200克、牛蒡子250克、地肤子200克、石榴皮200克、明矾120克、苍术120克、栀子120克。
制备工艺：按上述处方量称取艾叶、桑叶、牛蒡子、地肤子、石榴皮、明矾、苍术和栀子，洗净去杂，晾干，粉碎成颗粒，加入明矾，然后加入药材重量15倍量的水煎煮1-1.5h，过滤，收集滤液；再在药渣中加入药材重量10倍量的水煎煮0.5-1h，过滤，收集滤液，将两次滤液合并，浓缩至溶液体积∶药材重量=1∶1的药物浸膏，并按重量百分比为0.1%加入防腐剂羟苯乙酯，最后加水稀释至3升，按每袋125毫升分装。
（二）药效实施例部分
实施例4 中药熏蒸对滴虫性阴道炎患者的治疗研究
已婚非孕期滴虫性阴道炎患者96例，随机分为两组。其中试验组50例，年龄22～39岁，病程半个月至2年；对照组46例，年龄21～4O岁，病程半个月至2年。临床表现：阴道分泌物增多，分泌物呈稀薄状或脓性泡沫状，外阴瘙痒，间或有灼热、疼痛、性交痛等。妇科检查：阴道黏膜充血，后穹隆有大量白带，呈灰黄色、黄白色稀薄液状或黄绿色脓性泡沫状。实验室检查：滴虫阳性。符合《妇产科学》对滴虫性阴道炎的诊断标准。所有患者治疗前2周内未服用全身抗组胺药物、抗真菌药物、皮质类固醇类药物。两组病例均经系统检查，排除肝胆疾病、血液病、糖尿病、寄生虫等疾病造成的继发性感染。两组在性别、年龄、临床表现、病程方面经统计学处理无显著性差异(P>O．05)，具有可比性。
试验组患者口服甲硝唑片0.4g/次，2次/日，同时采用本发明实施例1制备的中药熏洗，每次取1袋放入坐浴盆中，加1000毫升开水(开水温度在90℃～100℃)，让患者坐在盆上熏蒸外阴，每次20～30min，然后至药液温度适宜时让患者坐浴冲洗阴道30min，2次/d，7d为1个疗程，每次月经前后各治疗1个疗程，连续治疗3个月经周期。
对照组：口服甲硝唑片0.4g/次，2次/日，同时外用甲硝唑栓（规格0.5g）1枚阴道上药，每日1次。7d为1个疗程，每次月经前后各治疗1个疗程，连续治疗3个月经周期。
疗效标准如下：
治愈：经治疗临床症状消失，脓性或泡沫样阴道分泌物消失，3次月经干净后(至少停药3d以上)实验室检查滴虫阴性。
有效：临床症状明显好转，阴道分泌物比治疗前明显减少，镜检滴虫数量明显减少。
无效：临床症状和体征未见好转，阴道分泌物无改善，镜检滴虫数无改变。
两组疗效的比较结果见表1。
表1两组疗效的实验结果
通过表1的试验结果可以看出，两组比较有极显著差异，试验组采用中药熏洗配合甲硝唑治疗的疗效明显优于对照组。
Claims (2)
1.一种外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物，其特征在于：由中药材和药用辅料制备而成，按重量份计，所述的中药材为艾叶26 份、桑叶26 份、牛蒡子22 份、地肤子22 份、石榴皮16 份、明矾16份、苍术16 份和栀子10 份。
2.如权利要求 1所述外用治疗滴虫性阴道炎的中药组合物，其特征在于 ：所述的中药组合物为洗剂。
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