CN103574992A - 旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置 - Google Patents
旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103574992A CN103574992A CN201310558705.0A CN201310558705A CN103574992A CN 103574992 A CN103574992 A CN 103574992A CN 201310558705 A CN201310558705 A CN 201310558705A CN 103574992 A CN103574992 A CN 103574992A
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium bromide
- heat exchanger
- pipe
- evaporimeter
- shell
- Prior art date
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- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium bromide Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nODVweCcgaGVpZ2h0PSc4NXB4JyB2aWV3Qm94PScwIDAgODUgODUnPgo8IS0tIEVORCBPRiBIRUFERVIgLS0+CjxyZWN0IHN0eWxlPSdvcGFjaXR5OjEuMDtmaWxsOiNGRkZGRkY7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmUnIHdpZHRoPSc4NS4wJyBoZWlnaHQ9Jzg1LjAnIHg9JzAuMCcgeT0nMC4wJz4gPC9yZWN0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxNC44JyB5PSc1My42JyBjbGFzcz0nYXRvbS0wJyBzdHlsZT0nZm9udC1zaXplOjIzcHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7dGV4dC1hbmNob3I6c3RhcnQ7ZmlsbDojM0I0MTQzJyA+TDwvdGV4dD4KPHRleHQgeD0nMzAuMScgeT0nNTMuNicgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMCcgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZToyM3B4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6IzNCNDE0MycgPmk8L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzM2LjEnIHk9JzQ0LjMnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6MTVweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiMzQjQxNDMnID4rPC90ZXh0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PSc0MC42JyB5PSc1My42JyBjbGFzcz0nYXRvbS0xJyBzdHlsZT0nZm9udC1zaXplOjIzcHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7dGV4dC1hbmNob3I6c3RhcnQ7ZmlsbDojN0Y0QzE5JyA+QjwvdGV4dD4KPHRleHQgeD0nNTYuNicgeT0nNTMuNicgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMScgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZToyM3B4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6IzdGNEMxOScgPnI8L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzY0LjYnIHk9JzQ0LjMnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTEnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6MTVweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiM3RjRDMTknID4tPC90ZXh0Pgo8L3N2Zz4K [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
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- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明公开了一种旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置，列管式换热器内设有过度节将换热器的壳程分为上下两段；换热器管程下端连接稀溴化锂进管，上端连接稀溴化锂出管，稀溴化锂出管与旋流器腔体的圆柱面相切，旋流器为上端圆柱形、下端圆锥形的空腔结构，旋流器外表面设有加热夹套，加热夹套的下部有热源进管，上部有管道经列管式换热器的上壳程与热源出管连通；旋流器上端经中心管与接真空冷凝器管连通，下端与蒸发器内的喷淋管连通，喷淋管下面设筛板，筛板上放置能增大表面积的填料。本发明装置是基于提高换热效率，增大溴化锂表面积，提高浓缩效率的设计，应用范围广泛。
Description
旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种溴化锂浓缩装置，具体指旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置。
背景技术
[0002] 溴化锂浓缩装置是热能制冷空调系统的核心组件之一，溴化锂浓缩装置在热能制冷空调系统中又叫发生器，其作用是将溴化锂中多余的水分蒸脱，使其又具有吸水功能。
[0003] 现有的溴化锂浓缩装置大多采用蒸汽等高品位热源加热，因而对溴化锂浓缩装置的换热效率和蒸发表面积要求不高，由于采用蒸汽等高品位热源加热，使得溴化锂浓缩装置在换热效率不高和蒸发表面积较小的情况下，也能获得较高的蒸发效率，阻碍了溴化锂浓缩装置的技术革新。
[0004] 在国家节能减排政策的倡导下，对燃油灶、燃煤灶等产生的大量尾热的利用已提上日程，尾热也可用于热能制冷空调系统，用于浓缩溴化锂。但由于尾热属于低品位热源，且热源不稳定，因而对于溴化锂浓缩装置的换热效率及蒸发表面积都有了较高的要求，现有的溴化锂浓缩装置不能适应利用尾热对溴化锂进行加热浓缩的需要。
发明内容
[0005] 本发明要解决的技术问题就是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种换热效率高、工作时具有较大蒸发表面积，浓缩效率高的旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置。
[0006] 为克服现有技术的不足，本发明采取以下技术方案:
一种旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置，包括换热器和蒸发器，其特征在于:换热器为列管式换热器，换热器内设有过度节将换热器的壳程分为上下两段，上壳程连接热量进出的管道，下壳程连接浓溴化锂进出的管道；换热器管程下端连接稀溴化锂进管，上端连接稀溴化锂出管，稀溴化锂出管与旋流器腔体的圆柱面相切，旋流器为上端圆柱形、下端圆锥形的空腔结构，旋流器外表面设有加热夹套，加热夹套的下部有热源进管，上部有管道经列管式换热器的上壳程与热源出管连通；旋流器上端经中心管与接真空冷凝器管连通，下端与蒸发器内的喷淋管连通，蒸发器为中间圆柱形、上下两端锥形结构，圆柱上设有视镜便于观察效果，蒸发器内布置数根喷淋管，喷淋管上设多个喷嘴，喷淋管下面设筛板，筛板上放置能增大表面积的填料；蒸发器上端与接真空冷凝器管连通，下端通过管道经换热器下壳程连接浓溴化锂管。
[0007] 所述换热器、蒸发器和旋流器进行保温，有保温层，以阻止热量损失。
[0008] 所述填料为拉西环、布尔环和马鞍环等可大幅度增加表面积的瓷环。
[0009] 本装置工作时接通真空冷凝器，要求维持高真空度。
[0010] 与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于:通过设置旋流器、蒸发器喷淋管上的喷嘴和增大表面积的填料，可大大增加溴化锂浓缩时的表面积，提高浓缩效率，又因为填料的增加能延长喷嘴雾化后液体在蒸发器上的滞留时间，也提高了浓缩效率；本发明装置还采用逆流加热，并充分利用浓缩后的高温溴化锂对低温稀溴化锂进行加热，，达到进料加热和出料冷却的双重目的，实现节能减排，大大提闻了热效率。
[0011] 本发明装置是基于提高换热效率，工作时增大溴化锂表面积、提高浓缩效率和速度的一种设计，采用品位较低且不太稳定的尾热进行加热也能取得比较好的浓缩效果，结构也简单，因而应用范围特别广泛。
附图说明
[0012] 图1是本发明的平面结构示意图。
[0013] 图中各标号表不:
1、稀溴化锂进管；2、浓溴化锂管；3、过度节；4、热源出管；5、列管式换热器；6、稀溴化锂出管；7、中心管；8、旋流器；9、加热夹套；10、热源进管；11、接真空冷凝器管；12、蒸发器；13、喷淋管；14、视镜；15、填料；16、筛板。
具体实施方式
[0014] 现结合附图，对本发明进一步具体说明。
[0015] 如图1所示旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置，包括换热器5和蒸发器12，换热器为列管式换热器5，换热器5内设有过度节3将换热器5的壳程分为上下两段，上壳程连接热量进出的管道，下壳程连接浓溴化锂进出的管道；换热器5管程下端连接稀溴化锂进管1，上端连接稀溴化锂出管6，稀溴化锂出管6与旋流器8腔体的圆柱面相切，旋流器8为上端圆柱形、下端圆锥形的空腔结构，旋流器外表面设有加热夹套9，加热夹套9的下部有热源进管10，上部有管道经列管式换热器5的上壳程与热源出管4连通；旋流器8上端经中心管7与接真空冷凝器管11连通，下端与蒸发器12内的喷淋管13连通，蒸发器12为中间圆柱形、上下两端锥形结构，圆柱上设有视镜14便于观察效果，蒸发器内布置数根喷淋管13，喷淋管13上设多个喷嘴，喷淋管下面设筛板16，筛板16上放置能增大表面积的填料15 ;蒸发器12上端与接真空冷凝器管11连通，下端通过管道经换热器5下壳程连接浓溴化锂管2。
[0016] 所述换热器5、蒸发器12和旋流器8进行保温，有保温层，以阻止热量损失。
[0017] 所述填料15为拉西环、布尔环和马鞍环等可大幅度增加表面积的瓷环。
[0018] 本装置工作时接通真空冷凝器，要求维持高真空度。由稀溴化锂管I输入来自吸收器吸水后稀释的低温溴化锂，在列管式换热器5的下部分管程与壳程来自蒸发器12的高温浓溴化锂进行换热，达到进料加热和出料冷却的双重目的，实现节能减排。
[0019] 过度节3起到联通管程隔离壳程目的，列管式换热器5的管程走溴化锂，上壳程走热源，实现热源与溴化锂的逆流换热，升温的溴化锂通过稀溴化锂出管6进入溴化锂旋流器8腔体，在泵输送和加热产生水汽的双重作用下沿切向喷入，溴化锂液体旋转下行并在腔体内扩散成膜，而水汽在中心管7中上升，通过接真空冷凝器管11通入真空冷凝器实现水的冷凝。
[0020] 由于中心管直径较大则蒸汽上升速度较慢，有利于液滴沉降下落，可以避免蒸汽携带溴化锂进入冷凝器，旋流器8外表面有加热夹套9，热源可以提升旋流器8内的溴化锂液膜温度，促进水分进一步气化分离；热源从加热夹套9下部的热源进管10通入，在加热夹套9上部通过管道接通列管式换热器5的上部壳程，最后从热源出管4排出，装置流程为热源与溴化锂是逆流换热，提高换热效率。[0021] 溴化锂在旋流器8下部集中通过管道进入蒸发器12中的喷淋管13，经喷淋管上的喷嘴均匀落在填料15上，填料为耐高温瓷材质的布尔环或拉西环、马鞍环，可通过视镜口 14加入并布置在筛板16上，溴化锂在填料15中逐步下流，利用余热有足够时间和蒸发面积进一步使水分蒸发，提升溴化锂浓度，浓溴化锂穿过筛板16集中排出，与进来的低温稀溴化锂在列管式换热器5的下部分壳程进行逆流换热降温，低温浓溴化锂由浓溴化锂管2回流输送进入吸收器，实现溴化锂的循环。水蒸汽通过蒸发器12上部管道接通真空冷凝器，实现水的冷凝回流循环。
[0022] 上述只是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围的情况下，都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均应落在本发明技术方案保护的范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置，包括换热器和蒸发器，其特征在于:换热器为列管式换热器，换热器内设有过度节将换热器的壳程分为上下两段，上壳程连接热量进出的管道，下壳程连接浓溴化锂进出的管道；换热器管程下端连接稀溴化锂进管，上端连接稀溴化锂出管，稀溴化锂出管与旋流器腔体的圆柱面相切，旋流器为上端圆柱形、下端圆锥形的空腔结构，旋流器外表面设有加热夹套，加热夹套的下部有热源进管，上部有管道经列管式换热器的上壳程与热源出管连通；旋流器上端经中心管与接真空冷凝器管连通，下端与蒸发器内的喷淋管连通，蒸发器为中间圆柱形、上下两端锥形结构，圆柱上设有视镜，蒸发器内布置数根喷淋管，喷淋管上设多个喷嘴，喷淋管下面设筛板，筛板上放置能增大表面积的填料；蒸发器上端与接真空冷凝器管连通，下端通过管道经换热器下壳程连接浓溴化锂管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置，其特征在于:所述换热器、蒸发器和旋流器有保温层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的旋流填料式溴化锂浓缩装置，其特征在于:所述填料为拉西环、布尔环和马鞍环等可大幅度增加表面积的瓷环。
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