CN103564645A - Method and application for producing tobacco extracts through field tobacco waste - Google Patents
Method and application for producing tobacco extracts through field tobacco waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN103564645A CN103564645A CN201210258893.0A CN201210258893A CN103564645A CN 103564645 A CN103564645 A CN 103564645A CN 201210258893 A CN201210258893 A CN 201210258893A CN 103564645 A CN103564645 A CN 103564645A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and the application for producing tobacco extracts through field tobacco waste. Modulation drying is performed on the collected tobacco waste by a drying method and then the tobacco extracts are obtained through extraction. The method comprises step 1, collecting the field tobacco waste; step 2, performing modulation discoloration and drying on the tobacco waste by the drying method; step 3, extracting the tobacco extracts and performing biotransformation processing on materials in the extraction step. Produced extract products can be directly utilized to produce tobacco reaction spices which are used for enhancing the flavor of tobacco formula products, tobacco sheets, stem filament products or cigarette products. The field tobacco waste which comprises root leaves, top leaves, tobacco bifurcations and the tobacco top can be fully utilized and accordingly a material source is developed for the production of the tobacco extracts and a new way is developed for the utilization of tobacco field waste resources. The tobacco waste is processed by the drying method and accordingly the zero energy consumption of tobacco materials can be achieved and good ecological benefits, environmental benefits and economic benefits can be produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of tobacco processing, particularly a kind of method and purposes of utilizing land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract.
Background technology
Tobacco extract has the characteristic fragrance of tobacco, in tobacco processing, serve many purposes, as reinforced for the coating of cigarette charging, reconstituted tobacoo, stem is reinforced or wash stalk after feed supplement, preparation feedback spices etc., strengthen and supplement the intrinsic natural odor characteristic of tobacco product.Tobacco extract extraction process is varied, but the raw material of producing at present tobacco extract mainly comes from the waste material producing in tobacco processing course, as the tobacco cut of threshing redrying plant and cigar mill's generation, offal, tobacco powder etc., but along with the raising of reconstituted tobacoo output and the improvement of cut rolled stem processing procedure, reconstituted tobacoo is produced and stem processing enterprise needs a large amount of tobacco cuts, offal, the raw materials such as tobacco powder, existing this class tobacco waste resource cannot meet tobacco extract and produce, the demand of reconstituted tobacoo production and stem processing enterprise, therefore in the urgent need to developing new tobacco material resource, to meet enterprise's needs.
On the other hand, along with improving constantly of cigarette product class and rising steadily of tobacco leaf modulation cost, tobacco grower has reduced the modulation of gathering to land for growing field crops discarded tobacco leaf raw material gradually, make field tobacco waste comprise that the improper Mature Tobacco Leaves waste materials such as pin leaf, top, " black sudden and violent cigarette " roll up, often be discarded in vega, cause the wasting of resources.
Therefore, utilize land for growing field crops tobacco leaf to comprise that tobacco waste production tobacco extract has good exploitation value and application prospect.So far, there is not yet the report that utilizes land for growing field crops tobacco leaf to comprise tobacco waste production tobacco extract product and application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and purposes of utilizing land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for achieving the above object: gather land for growing field crops tobacco waste, adopt airing method to modulate tobacco waste dry, then will be dried tobacco waste and send into abstraction process, extract and obtain tobacco extract, comprise the following steps:
(1) gather land for growing field crops tobacco waste;
(2) adopt airing method to modulate variable color dry to tobacco waste;
(3) the dry tobacco waste of modulation is sent into abstraction process, extract and make tobacco extract.
The mode of above-mentioned Air-curing tobacco waste can adopt following any one mode:
Mode one
Peg airing: by tobacco waste peg according to a conventional method, be placed in dry environment or day-light greenhouse, airing obtains outward appearance and is yellow, brown color, brown or tan dry tobacco leaf;
Mode two
Threading airing: tobacco waste is worn to bunchiness with line, hang and dry in the air in dry environment or day-light greenhouse, airing obtains outward appearance and is yellow, brown color, brown or tan dry tobacco leaf;
Mode three
Pallet airing: tobacco waste is stacked in pallet or flat cigarette basket, is placed on the ground or airing support of dry environment or day-light greenhouse, airing obtains outward appearance and is yellow, brown color, brown or tan dry tobacco leaf;
Mode four
Stack airing: tobacco waste is placed in to dry environment or day-light greenhouse, level land airing, airing obtains outward appearance and is yellow, pale brown, brown or tan dry tobacco leaf.
The Air-curing condition of above-mentioned tobacco waste is: 30～60 ℃ of airing temperature, and 2～20 days airing time, the moisture content of dry tobacco leaf is 5%～15%; According to raw material sources difference, modulation condition can suitably be adjusted.
The extraction of above-mentioned tobacco extract comprises the steps:
(1) raw material is pulverized: the tobacco powder that the dry tobacco waste of modulation is ground into suitable granularity;
(2) solvent leaching: tobacco powder is mixed with extracting solvent, through leaching, separation, obtain tobacco leaching liquid;
(3) filtering and concentrating: tobacco leaching liquid is filtered, concentrated, make tobacco extract product;
In the leaching process of tobacco extract, can comprise bio-conversion processes step, according to following any one scheme, operate:
(1) raw material is pulverized: the tobacco powder that the dry tobacco waste of modulation is ground into suitable granularity;
(2) bio-transformation: tobacco powder is mixed with appropriate water, add enzyme and/or microorganism formulation, carry out bio-transformation or fermentation;
(3) solvent leaching: the feed liquid after bio-transformation is mixed with extracting solvent, through leaching, separation, obtain tobacco leaching liquid;
(4) filtering and concentrating: tobacco leaching liquid is filtered, concentrated, make tobacco extract product;
Above-mentioned tobacco waste grinding particle size is 0.1～3cmm; In above-mentioned solvent leaching step, the consumption of extracting solvent is tobacco powder or tobacco feed liquid 1～15 times by weight, 20～100 ℃ of leaching temperatures, leaching time 10～180min; In above-mentioned concentration step, the temperature of tobacco leaching liquid is 35～100 ℃, and being concentrated into solid content is 25%～65%.
Above-mentioned extracting solvent is the ethanolic solution of water or any concentration, extracting solvent or the extractant that also can adopt other specialty to know.
In above-mentioned biotransformation step, tobacco powder and water proportioning are 1: 1～10; Above-mentioned enzyme preparation is one or more mixing enzyme preparations in amylase, lipase, protease, carbohydrase, pectase, cellulase, hemicellulase, invertase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, zytase, chlorophyllase, LOX, nicotine dehydrogenase, addition is 0.1%～2% of reaction feed liquid, 45～80 ℃ of reaction temperatures, reaction time 0.5～24h; Mentioned microorganism preparation is saccharomycete, monascus, lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid bacteria, bacillus, micrococcus luteus, thermophilic actinomycete, pseudomonad, has a liking for one or more mix bacterium agents in nicotine arthrobacterium, bacterium liquid addition is 3%～15% of reaction feed liquid, 28～70 ℃ of fermentation temperatures, fermentation time 1～5 day.
Land for growing field crops of the present invention tobacco waste comprises in pin leaf, top, improper Mature Tobacco Leaves, cigarette wooden fork, cigarette top and the normal recovery process of tobacco leaf or after gathering withered and yellow leaf remaining in cigarette strain and any one or a few the mixed material in brown leaf.
Before tobacco leaf airing or after airing, can go stalk or defoliation base to process to tobacco leaf, described defoliation base be by tobacco leaf petiole end apart from blade tip 1/4～1/3 Partial Resection, also can in tobacco leaf crushing process, remove offal, to reduce the negative effect of offal to medicinal extract quality.
Technical solution of the present invention also comprises tobacco extract product and the application in tobacco formulation goods, reconstituted tobacoo, stem goods or cigarette products flavouring thereof that adopts said method to prepare; Reference consumption in tobacco formulation goods, cigarette products is 0.5%～5%, and the reference consumption in reconstituted tobacoo, stem goods is 1%～25%.
Technical solution of the present invention also comprises take the tobacco response feed liquid that tobacco extract that the inventive method produces prepared as raw material, and its one or more material in the additional following substances of described tobacco extract is prepared from through Maillard reaction:
A, reduced sugar or the compound that contains carbonyl;
B, the natural extract that contains reduced sugar or product;
C, amino acid or contain amino compound;
PH value of reaction system 5.0～8.0,60～160 ℃ of temperature, react 0.5～24h under stirring condition; Above-mentioned reduced sugar is one or more the mixture in glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, ribose, wood sugar, and its addition is 10%～50% of tobacco extract amount; The described compound that contains carbonyl is one or more the mixture in furanone, pyrones, diacetyl, pentanedione, dihydroxyacetone (DHA), acetaldehyde, glyoxal, and its addition is 1%～10% of tobacco extract amount; The described natural extract that contains reduced sugar or product are one or more the mixture in Chinese date extract, raisins medicinal extract, maple extract, extract of licorice root, fig medicinal extract, Luo Han Guo Paste In Foods, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extractum, fenugreek concrete, Peru's medicinal extract, Tolu concrete, storax medicinal extract, malt extract, chicory concrete, plum medicinal extract, root of Dahurain angelica medicinal extract, honey, and its addition is 10%～90% of tobacco extract amount; Described amino acid is one or more the mixture in leucine, serine, arginine, alanine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tyrosine, valine, threonine, glycine, proline, lysine, asparagine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, glutamic acid, and its addition is 1%～20% of tobacco extract amount; Described to contain amino compound be one or more the mixture in ammoniacal liquor, DAP, urea, ethylenediamine, butanediamine, and its addition is 1%～10% of tobacco extract amount.
Technical solution of the present invention also comprises reconstituted tobacoo or the stem goods that add above-mentioned tobacco response feed liquid, with reference to addition, is 1%～25%.
The advantage of the inventive method is:
1, utilize land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract, can make full use of and comprise that improper Mature Tobacco Leaves, pin leaf, top, withered and yellow leaf, brown leaf, cigarette wooden fork and cigarette withstand on interior land for growing field crops tobacco waste, for recycling of vega tobacco waste resource opened up new way.
2, the inventive method adopts airing method to process tobacco waste, has reduced power consumption of polymer processing, the equipment investment of conventional tobacco flue-curing modulation, dry processing procedure, can realize raw material and produce zero energy consumption, can produce good ecology, environmental benefit and economic benefit.
The specific embodiment
Below will by embodiment, the invention will be further described, these descriptions are not to be further limited content of the present invention; What the technical characterictic of content of the present invention was done is equal to replacement, or improves accordingly, within still belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment mono-
In cigarette strain Topping Stage, the land for growing field crops proper mature (ripe) pin leaf of gathering, ties up bar according to a conventional method by tobacco leaf, is placed in day-light greenhouse, and in 32～55 ℃, airing 8 days, obtains outward appearance and be the dry tobacco leaf that yellow, brown color, brown alternate moisture content are 10%; Tobacco leaf is sent into abstraction process, and the extraction of tobacco extract comprises the steps:
(1) raw material is pulverized: will be dried tobacco leaf and pulverize, and remove offal, and obtain the tobacco powder that granularity is 0.2～0.5cm;
(2) solvent leaching: 50% ethanolic solution of tobacco powder and 5 times of weight is mixed, in 60 ℃ of leaching time 100min, through Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain tobacco leaching liquid;
(3) filtering and concentrating: tobacco leaching liquid is filtered, in 45～60 ℃ of reduced pressure concentrations, make solid content and be 45% tobacco extract product.
Embodiment bis-
Collect the cigarette top producing when cigarette strain is pinched, evenly airing is in ground, on ground, lay in advance burlap pad, form wide 2m, the long cigarette ridge of high 10～20cm, in 32～40 ℃ of airings 15～20 days, makes cigarette top generally become palm fibre, dry, then abstraction process is sent into in cigarette top, prepares in accordance with the following steps tobacco extract:
(1) raw material is pulverized: the cigarette top of dryness in the sun is crushed to the tobacco powder that granularity is 0.1～0.5cm;
(2) bio-transformation: tobacco powder is mixed with the water of 5 times of weight, add 0.5% amylase, 0.5% protease, 0.5% cellulase, 0.2% LOX, 0.2% lipase preparation by tobacco powder weighing scale, in 45 ℃ of enzyme digestion reaction 6h;
(3) solvent leaching: the feed liquid after bio-transformation is mixed by 1: 1 with absolute ethyl alcohol, in 50 ℃ of leaching time 100min, through Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain tobacco leaching liquid;
(4) filtering and concentrating: tobacco leaching liquid is filtered, in 45～60 ℃ of reduced pressure concentrations, make solid content and be 35% tobacco extract product.
Embodiment tri-
Collect the cigarette wooden fork producing when wooden fork is smeared in cigarette strain, in the large bamboo or wicker basket that evenly airing is 1m in several diameters, large bamboo or wicker basket is placed on the basket frame of hot house, in 32～50 ℃ of airings 10～15 days, obtain the dry cigarette wooden fork of yellowish-brown, then cigarette wooden fork sent into abstraction process, prepare in accordance with the following steps tobacco extract:
(1) raw material is pulverized: the cigarette wooden fork of dryness in the sun is crushed to the tobacco powder that granularity is 0.3～1.0cm;
(2) bio-transformation: tobacco powder is mixed with the water of 5 times of weight, in 100 ℃ of sterilizing 15min, by the lactobacillus solution of feed liquid weighing scale access 10% and 10% saccharomycete seed liquid, in 35～38 ℃ of fermentations 3 days;
(3) solvent leaching: the feed liquid after bio-transformation is mixed by 2: 1 with absolute ethyl alcohol, in 40 ℃ of leaching time 150min, through Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain tobacco leaching liquid;
(4) filtering and concentrating: tobacco leaching liquid is filtered, in 45～60 ℃ of reduced pressure concentrations, make solid content and be 35% tobacco extract product.
Embodiment tetra-
After collecting vega and normally gathering, remaining withered and yellow leaf and brown leaf in cigarette strain, in 32～50 ℃ of airings 2 days, obtains the dry tobacco leaf of yellowish-brown, then tobacco leaf is sent into abstraction process, according to the method for embodiment mono-, prepares tobacco extract.
Embodiment five
Method by embodiment bis-makes tobacco extract, get this tobacco extract 100kg, add glucose 10kg, fructose 10kg, lysine 0.5kg, phenylalanine 0.5kg, acetaldehyde 0.2kg, auxiliary agent propane diols 10kg, under 100 ℃, turn/min of stir speed (S.S.) 30 condition, react 2h, make tobacco response feed liquid.
Embodiment six
Method by embodiment tetra-makes tobacco extract, gets this tobacco extract 100kg, adds raisins medicinal extract 10kg, honey 10kg, glucose 10kg, furanone 0.1kg, under 60 ℃, turn/min of stir speed (S.S.) 60 condition, reacts 24h, makes tobacco response feed liquid.
Embodiment seven
Method according to embodiment mono-makes tobacco extract, and this tobacco extract is added in reconstituted tobacoo with 10% ratio, improves thin slice flavouring essence quality.
Embodiment eight
According to the method for embodiment five, make tobacco response feed liquid, this feed liquid is added in the dry offal sheet base after flooding with 20% ratio, improve thin slice flavouring essence quality.
Claims (12)
1. a method of utilizing land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract, it is characterized in that: gather land for growing field crops tobacco waste, adopt airing method to modulate tobacco waste dry, then will be dried tobacco waste and send into abstraction process, extraction obtains tobacco extract, comprises the following steps:
(1) gather land for growing field crops tobacco waste;
(2) adopt airing method to modulate variable color dry to tobacco waste;
(3) the dry tobacco waste of modulation is sent into abstraction process, extract and make tobacco extract.
2. a kind of method of utilizing land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract according to claim 1, is characterized in that, according to following any one mode Air-curing tobacco waste:
Mode one
Peg airing: tobacco waste is tied up to bar according to a conventional method, be placed in dry environment or day-light greenhouse, airing obtains outward appearance and is yellow, brown color, brown or tan dry tobacco leaf;
Mode two
Threading airing: tobacco waste is worn to bunchiness with line, hang and dry in the air in dry environment or day-light greenhouse, airing obtains outward appearance and is yellow, brown color, brown or tan dry tobacco leaf;
Mode three
Pallet airing: tobacco waste is stacked in pallet or flat cigarette basket, is placed on the ground or airing support of dry environment or day-light greenhouse, airing obtains outward appearance and is yellow, brown color, brown or tan dry tobacco leaf;
Mode four
Stack airing: tobacco waste is placed in to dry environment or day-light greenhouse, and stack on level land, and airing obtains outward appearance and is yellow, pale brown, brown or tan dry tobacco leaf.
3. a kind of method of utilizing land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the Air-curing condition of tobacco waste is: 30～60 ℃ of airing temperature, 3～20 days airing time, the moisture content of dry tobacco leaf is 5%～15%.
4. according to a kind of method of utilizing land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that, the extraction of tobacco extract comprises the steps:
(1) raw material is pulverized: the tobacco waste that modulation is dry is pulverized, obtained the tobacco powder of suitable granularity;
(2) solvent leaching: tobacco powder is mixed with extracting solvent, through leaching, separation, obtain tobacco leaching liquid;
(3) filtering and concentrating: tobacco leaching liquid is filtered, concentrated, make tobacco extract product;
5. according to a kind of method of utilizing land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that, the extraction of tobacco extract comprises the steps:
(1) raw material is pulverized: the tobacco waste that modulation is dry is pulverized, obtained the tobacco powder of suitable granularity;
(2) bio-transformation: tobacco powder is mixed with suitable quantity of water, add enzyme and/or microorganism formulation, carry out bio-transformation or fermentation;
(3) solvent leaching: the feed liquid after bio-transformation is mixed with extracting solvent, through leaching, separation, obtain tobacco leaching liquid;
(4) filtering and concentrating: tobacco leaching liquid is filtered, concentrated, make tobacco extract product;
6. according to a kind of method of utilizing land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: described tobacco waste grinding particle size is 0.1～3cm; In described solvent leaching step, the consumption of extracting solvent is tobacco powder or tobacco feed liquid 1～15 times by weight, 20～100 ℃ of leaching temperatures, and leaching time 10～180min, described extracting solvent is the ethanolic solution of water or any concentration; In described concentration step, the temperature of tobacco leaching liquid is 35～100 ℃, and being concentrated into solid content is 25%～65%.
7. a kind of method of utilizing land for growing field crops tobacco waste to produce tobacco extract according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described biotransformation step, tobacco powder and water proportioning are 1: 1～10; Described enzyme preparation is one or more mixing enzyme preparations in amylase, lipase, protease, carbohydrase, pectase, cellulase, hemicellulase, invertase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, zytase, chlorophyllase, LOX, nicotine dehydrogenase, addition is 0.1%～2% of reaction feed liquid, 45～80 ℃ of reaction temperatures, reaction time 0.5～24h; Described microorganism formulation is saccharomycete, monascus, lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid bacteria, bacillus, micrococcus luteus, thermophilic actinomycete, pseudomonad, has a liking for one or more mix bacterium agents in nicotine arthrobacterium, inoculum concentration is 3%～15% of reaction feed liquid, 28～70 ℃ of fermentation temperatures, fermentation time 1～5 day.
8. the production method of a kind of tobacco extract according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described land for growing field crops tobacco waste is any one or a few the mixed material in pin leaf, top, improper Mature Tobacco Leaves, withered and yellow leaf, brown leaf, cigarette wooden fork or cigarette top.
9. the tobacco extract of preparing according to method described in claim 1～8 any one and the application in tobacco formulation goods, reconstituted tobacoo, stem goods or cigarette products flavouring thereof.
10. take the tobacco response feed liquid that tobacco extract is prepared as raw material described in claim 9, it is characterized in that: its one or more material in the additional following substances of described tobacco extract is prepared from through Maillard reaction:
A, reduced sugar or the compound that contains carbonyl;
B, the natural extract that contains reduced sugar or product;
C, amino acid or contain amino compound;
PH value of reaction system 5.0～8.0,60～160 ℃ of temperature, react 0.5～24h under stirring condition.
11. tobacco response feed liquids according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described reduced sugar is one or more the mixture in glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, ribose, wood sugar, and its addition is 10%～50% of tobacco extract amount; The described compound that contains carbonyl is one or more the mixture in furanone, pyrones, diacetyl, pentanedione, dihydroxyacetone (DHA), acetaldehyde, glyoxal, and its addition is 1%～10% of tobacco extract amount; The described natural extract that contains reduced sugar or product are one or more the mixture in Chinese date extract, raisins medicinal extract, maple extract, extract of licorice root, fig medicinal extract, Luo Han Guo Paste In Foods, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extractum, fenugreek concrete, Peru's medicinal extract, Tolu concrete, storax medicinal extract, malt extract, chicory concrete, plum medicinal extract, root of Dahurain angelica medicinal extract, honey, and its addition is 10%～90% of tobacco extract amount; Described amino acid is one or more the mixture in leucine, serine, arginine, alanine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tyrosine, valine, threonine, glycine, proline, lysine, asparagine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, glutamic acid, and its addition is 1%～20% of tobacco extract amount; Described to contain amino compound be one or more the mixture in ammoniacal liquor, DAP, urea, ethylenediamine, butanediamine, and its addition is 1%～10% of tobacco extract amount.
12. 1 kinds of reconstituted tobacoo or stem goods that are added with tobacco response feed liquid described in claim 10 or 11.
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