CN103558118A - Internal explosion experiment based test method for quantitative evaluation on thermobaric effect of thermobaric explosive - Google Patents

Internal explosion experiment based test method for quantitative evaluation on thermobaric effect of thermobaric explosive Download PDF

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CN103558118A
CN103558118A CN201310473807.2A CN201310473807A CN103558118A CN 103558118 A CN103558118 A CN 103558118A CN 201310473807 A CN201310473807 A CN 201310473807A CN 103558118 A CN103558118 A CN 103558118A
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pressure
temperature
explosive
test
tank body
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CN103558118B (en
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李芝绒
张俊锋
苟兵旺
闫潇敏
张玉磊
王胜强
姬建荣
潘文
孔霖
赵超越
和性顺
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Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
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Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of explosives, and provides an internal explosion experiment based test method for quantitative evaluation on thermobaric effect of thermobaric explosive. The method comprises the following steps: using a pressure sensor and a thermocouple to obtain benchmark TNT explosives, a curve for evaluation of shock overpressure of thermobaric explosive in an explosion tank, a thermocouple response temperature curve and a tank quasi-static pressure curve; then processing the experimental data to obtain a shock wave overpressure peak value, impulse, a thermocouple response temperature peak value and a quasi-static pressure peak value; and calculating TNT ratio of characteristic parameters of the thermobaric explosive and evaluating the thermobaric effect of the thermobaric explosive. The invention employs the explosion tank as an evaluation test carrier and uses TNT explosive with the same weight as a benchmark to quantitatively evaluate thermobaric effect of the thermobaric explosive, so as to provide technical basis for the development and power evaluation of thermobaric warhead.

Description

The method of testing of the temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation based on implode test
Technical field
The invention belongs to explosive field, relate to temperature and pressure explosive, be specifically related to a kind of method of testing of the temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation based on implode test.
Background technology
In the development process of warhead, need to strike target according to operation, choose warhead charge type, realize target is the most effectively injured to effect.Along with efficiently injuring the development of explosive technology, the energy release rule of novel high-energy explosive is different from traditional high explosive, after blast, externally the form of energy of output is also different, what target was produced injures effect difference, such as temperature and pressure type explosive, after blast except producing the positive pressure of shock wave peak value almost identical with high explosive, also produce aerobic combustion reaction, discharge a large amount of heating power, produce high temperature, high pressure, smothering effect, soft object and biological targets are produced to powerful damage effect; For containing aluminium class explosive, there is high quick-fried heat, high quick-fried long feature of gentle detonation reaction time, after blast, produce the positive pressure of shock wave peak value of the precipitous rising higher than traditional high explosive amplitude, there is stronger external acting ability, firm object construction is produced to powerful demolition effect.For the demand of the efficient damage effect of warhead, quantitative evaluation warhead charge explosion effect, is the key of warhead charge type selecting, is to improve the important channel that ability is injured by warhead.
Evaluation for explosive charge effect, domestic also do not have unified evaluation method and a standard, the temperature and pressure Effect Evaluation method Main Basis GJB 5412-2005 producing after Baric Explosive at present " test of fuel-air explosive (FAE) class bullet kind explosive parameters and brisance evaluation method ", by the free ground experiment of explosive, measure explosion wave superpressure value of consult volume, evaluate the explosion effect of explosive.And for temperature and pressure explosive because the performance of explosive charge temperature and pressure effect under free field environment and finite space environment is incomplete same, under free ground environment, main manifestations positive pressure of shock wave effect after blast, thermal effect, smothering effect that after-combustion produces are not obvious, and at clearing, be difficult to form quasistatic pressure effect, only the temperature and pressure effect according to free ground experiment evaluation explosive is not comprehensive, inaccurate.
Summary of the invention
The shortcomings and deficiencies that exist for prior art, the object of the invention is, with confined explosion tank arrangement simulation Baric Explosive environment, test carrier as test temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect, a kind of method of testing of the temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation based on implode test has been proposed, the homogenous quantities TNT explosive of take is reference data, in blasting pot, measure test and appraisal explosive, benchmark TNT explosive is at the characteristic parameter curve of blasting pot implode effect, obtain characteristic parameter value, calculate Baric Explosive effect character parameter with respect to the ratio of TNT explosive, obtain the ratio of the relative TNT of temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect parameter.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical assignment, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to be achieved:
A method of testing for the temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation of implode test, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, in the shock-resistant ability of test blasting pot and tank body, oxygen content determines;
Adopt test blasting pot to carry out the implode test of temperature and pressure explosive, described test blasting pot comprises tank body, and described tank body is airtight double layers of tank body, is provided with buffer layer between double layers of tank body; Tank body one end is provided with vacuum-pumping tube, and the other end of tank body offers and installs mouth additional, hermatic door is installed installing additional on mouth, is provided with tank body outlet on the tank body in hermatic door outside; On the circumference of inner tank wall, be evenly distributed with installation of sensors plate, on installation of sensors plate, offer installation of sensors hole; On tank body, be also provided with draft tube, gas outlet and connector;
According to oxygen content in the shock-resistant ability of structure confirmed test blasting pot of test blasting pot and tank body, the shock-resistant ability of tank body is to have determined during by tank design, and TNT equivalent represents; Oxygen content refers to the quality of oxygen in the interior air of tank body;
In tank body, oxygen content calculates according to formula I:
M 0=0.21 * ρ V (formula I)
In formula:
M 0oxygen quality in-tank body;
V-tank body volume;
ρ-atmospheric density;
Step 2, test determining of temperature and pressure quality of explosive:
According to the shock-resistant ability of test blasting pot, determine that test temperature and pressure explosive is in the maximum dose value of tank in vivo studies, choose and be less than test temperature and pressure explosive in the maximum dose value of tank in vivo studies, to meet the safety requirement allowable of test blasting pot, test temperature and pressure explosive is in the maximum dose value of tank in vivo studies, the quality that obtains maximum test temperature and pressure explosive according to formula II, formula II is as follows:
M tNT=KM tBX(formula II)
In formula:
M tNTthe TNT equivalent of-test temperature and pressure explosive;
The TNT equivalent coefficient of K-test temperature and pressure explosive;
M tBXthe quality of-test temperature and pressure explosive;
According to the quality of maximum test temperature and pressure explosive, choose the quality of a test temperature and pressure explosive;
Step 3, determine whether the needed amount of oxygen of test temperature and pressure explosive meets the demands:
According to test temperature and pressure explosive molecules formula, calculate the oxygen balance of test temperature and pressure explosive, again according to testing the oxygen balance of temperature and pressure explosive and the quality of the test temperature and pressure explosive that step 2 is chosen, obtain the amount of oxygen needing, whether definite amount of oxygen needing meets the demands is tested the testing requirements of blasting pot, in being less than the tank body of test blasting pot, amount of oxygen that the test temperature and pressure explosives of 5 times need during airborne oxygen content, just meets the testing requirements of temperature and pressure explosive tank;
When the amount of oxygen of needs does not meet the demands the testing requirements of test blasting pot, return to step 2, again choose the quality of a test temperature and pressure explosive;
When the amount of oxygen of needs meets the demands the testing requirements of test blasting pot, the charger shape of temperature and pressure explosive is set to spherical or diameter and aspect ratio, and to be 1:1.2 cylindrical;
The computing method of described oxygen balance are as follows:
Temperature and pressure explosive is composite explosives, during its atom forms, except C, H, N, O element, also has Al, Cl, F element, therefore the molecular formula of temperature and pressure explosive is expressed as to C ah bn co dal ecl ff g, according to formula III, calculate oxygen balance:
B = 8 × ( Σ N Oi A Vi - Σ N Ri A Vi ) M r (formula III)
In formula:
A, b, c, d, e, f, g represent the atomicity in temperature and pressure explosive molecules formula;
The oxygen balance of B-temperature and pressure explosive, 1g temperature and pressure explosive lacks or remains the grams of oxygen;
N oia vithe atomicity that-temperature and pressure explosive is reduced in forming and its quantivalency are long-pending;
N ria viatomicity and its quantivalency oxidized in-temperature and pressure explosive composition are long-pending;
M rthe molecular weight of-temperature and pressure explosive;
Step 4, the acquisition methods of temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body:
Described temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter comprises positive pressure of shock wave peak value, momentum, thermopair response temperature peak value and quasistatic pressure peak;
Upper wall reflected pressure sensor, thermopair and the pressure drag type pressure capsule installed in installation of sensors hole (601) in test blasting pot, test temperature and pressure explosive is hanging to the geometric center of test blasting pot, by wall reflected pressure sensor, obtain explosion wave pressure curve, by thermopair, obtain thermopair response temperature curve, by pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain quasistatic pressure curve in tank body;
By wall reflected pressure sensor, obtain the voltage data of blast impulse wave pressure, voltage data obtains positive pressure of shock wave-time curve divided by the sensitivity of wall reflected pressure sensor, in positive pressure of shock wave-time curve, the pressure peak of precipitous rising is shock wave pressure peak value, and unit is MPa;
The pressure integration of shock wave superpressure-time curve malleation time period, obtaining shock wave momentum Zhi， unit is Pas;
By thermopair, obtain the voltage data of thermopair response temperature, minute kilsyth basalt of contrast thermopair, is converted to temperature-time curve by voltage data, and the temperature peak in temperature-time curve is thermopair response temperature peak value, and unit is s;
By pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain the voltage data of quasistatic pressure in tank body, voltage data is divided by the sensitivity of pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain quasistatic pressure-time curve, force value when pressure rise is to the straight stage in the quasistatic pressure-time curve static pressure peak value that is as the criterion, unit is MPa;
Step 5, the acquisition methods of TNT explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body:
Be set to identical with the charger shape of temperature and pressure explosive with the charger shape of the TNT explosive of temperature and pressure explosive equal in quality in step 4, test TNT explosive is hanging to the geometric center of test blasting pot, according to the method identical with step 4, obtains TNT explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body;
Step 5, obtain temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation test result:
Temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter X in the tank body that step 4 is obtained tBX, the temperature and pressure effect character parameter X of the TNT explosive obtaining with step 5 tNT, according to formula IV, ask for TNT than η:
η=X tBX/ X tNT(formula IV).
The present invention's useful technique effect compared with prior art:
The present invention is usingd test blasting pot as test carrier, simulated the closed environment of the actual use of temperature and pressure ammunition, obtain temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation test result, be positive pressure of shock wave peak value, momentum, thermopair response temperature peak value and the quasistatic pressure peak of temperature and pressure explosive, TNT ratio with positive pressure of shock wave peak value, momentum, thermopair response temperature peak value and the quasistatic pressure peak of the TNT explosive of homogenous quantities, there is intuitive and comparability, for the evaluation of temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect is laid a good foundation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is side view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is tank body export structure figure.
Fig. 5 is the structural drawing of pivoted arm part.
Fig. 6 is the cut-open view of hermatic door.
Fig. 7 is the structural drawing of installation of sensors plate.
Fig. 8 is the cut-open view of installation of sensors plate and hubbed flange.
Fig. 9 is the structural drawing of detonating cord syndeton.
Figure 10 is the structural drawing of half ball cover.
Figure 11 is the structural drawing of skeleton.
Figure 12 is PMX temperature and pressure explosive, TNT Explosive Shock Wave pressure curve.
Figure 13 is PMX temperature and pressure explosive, TNT explosive thermopair response temperature curve.
Figure 14 is PMX temperature and pressure explosive, TNT explosive quasistatic pressure curve.
In figure, the implication of each label is: the outlet of 1-tank body, 101-large support, 102-U-bolt is buckled, 103-large rotating shaft, 2-install mouth additional, 3-hermatic door, 301-nut, 302-little rotating shaft, 303-double-screw bolt, 4-tank body, 5-small rack, 6-installation of sensors plate, 601-installation of sensors hole, 7-draft tube, 8-skeleton, 801-threaded hole, 9-vacuum-pumping tube, 10-vacuumize compressor, 11-hubbed flange, 12-gas outlet, 13-detonating cord syndeton, 131-pressing plate, 132-steel pipe, 133-outside flange dish, 134-inner flange, 135-cover plate, 136-boss, 14-connector, 141-binding post, 15-exhausting system, 16-half ball cover, 17-pore, 18-buffer layer, 19-handle, 20-pivoted arm, 21-initiator output line, the wire of 22-primer detonator.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment
A kind of test blasting pot of using in following embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 to 11, comprises tank body 4, and described tank body 4 is airtight double layers of tank body, is provided with buffer layer 18 between double layers of tank body; Tank body 4 one end are provided with vacuum-pumping tube 9, and the other end of tank body 4 offers and installs mouthfuls 2 additional, hermatic door 3 are installed installing additional on mouthfuls 2, are provided with tank body outlet 1 on the tank body 4 in hermatic door 3 outsides; On the circumference of tank body 4 inwalls, be evenly distributed with installation of sensors plate 6, on installation of sensors plate 6, offer installation of sensors hole 601; On tank body 4, be also provided with draft tube 7, gas outlet 12 and connector 14.
Installation of sensors plate 6 is evenly arranged on the same circumference of tank body 4 inwalls by hubbed flange 11, installation of sensors plate 6 is circular slab, along being provided with installation of sensors hole 601 in installation of sensors plate 6 diametric(al)s, on the circumference of installation of sensors plate 6, be distributed with for the fastening through hole of hubbed flange 11 with described; Hubbed flange 11 is fastening by trip bolt with installation of sensors plate 6, and the neck of hubbed flange 11 penetrates tank body 4; Between hubbed flange 11 and installation of sensors plate 6, be also provided with sealing gasket.
The logical detonating cord syndeton 13 of connector 14 is arranged on tank body 4, described detonating cord syndeton 13 comprises the vertical steel pipe 132 through tank body 4, steel pipe 132 one end in tank body 4 inside is consolidated with inner flange 134, is consolidated with cover plate 135 on inner flange 134; The other end of steel pipe 132 is consolidated with outside flange dish 133, is consolidated with pressing plate 131 on outside flange dish 133; On inwall at steel pipe 132 near outside flange dish 133 one end, be provided with bulge loop, offer the groove for mounted connector 14 on bulge loop, bottom portion of groove is provided with O RunddichtringO; On pressing plate 131, be provided with described groove fit, for the boss 136 of clamp connector 14; Described connector 14 is arranged in groove, on connector 14, be provided with binding post 141, one end of binding post 141 is connected with the wire 22 of the primer detonator of tank body 4 inside by the wire through cover plate 135, and the other end of binding post 141 is connected with the initiator output line 21 of tank body 4 outsides.
Between double layers of tank body, be evenly provided with the skeleton 8 for connected double-layer tank body, described skeleton 8 is made by the square flat steel of a plurality of right-angled intersections, skeleton 8 is fixed with the outer tank body of double layers of tank body, on skeleton 8, offer threaded hole 801, on the internal layer tank body of double layers of tank body, be provided with the circular hole coordinating with described threaded hole 801, internal layer tank body is fixed by trip bolt and skeleton 8.
Tank body outlet 1 be cylindric outlet, and the diameter of this tank body outlet 1 equals the diameter of hermatic door 3, exports on 1 inwall, to be consolidated with large support 101 and equally distributed U-bolt for fit sealing door 3 buckles 102 at tank body.
Hermatic door 3 is round pie hermatic door, and the inside surface of hermatic door 3 is spherical, is provided with described U-bolt and buckles 102 double-screw bolts that coordinate 303 on the circumference of hermatic door 3 outside surfaces, is equipped with nut 301 on double-screw bolt 303; The center of hermatic door 3 outside surfaces is consolidated with small rack 5, small rack 5 is connected by pivoted arm 20 with described large support 101, one end of pivoted arm 20 is arranged on large support 101 by large rotating shaft 103, and the other end of pivoted arm 20 is arranged on small rack 5 by little rotating shaft 302; On hermatic door 3 outside surfaces, a side of small rack 5 is provided with handle 19, and handle 19 is 1/4th of hermatic door 3 diameters apart from the distance at hermatic door 3 centers.
Installing additional on mouth 2 of tank body 4, be provided with the O RunddichtringO for sealed shell of tank 4 coordinating with hermatic door 3, O RunddichtringO is inlaid in and installs additional in the groove of offering on mouth 2.
One end that draft tube 7, gas outlet 12 and vacuum-pumping tube 9 stretch into tank body 4 is all provided with half ball cover 16 that a plurality of pores 17 are offered on surface, for the shock wave that disperses blast to produce; The other end of draft tube 7 connects a solenoid valve, and the other end of gas outlet 12 connects exhausting system 15 by a solenoid valve, the other end of vacuum-pumping tube 9 by a solenoid valve and vacuum meter with vacuumize compressor 10 and be connected.
The outer tank body of double layers of tank body adopts the thick 16MnR steel of 10mm to make, and the internal layer tank body of double layers of tank body adopts the thick 16MnR of 6mm to make; Described buffer layer 18 adopts fine glass wool to make, and the thickness of buffer layer 18 is 70mm.
Utilizing above-mentioned test blasting pot to carry out temperature and pressure explosive energy, to discharge the process of quantitative test as follows:
(A) wall reflected pressure sensor, thermopair and pressure drag type pressure capsule are installed in the installation of sensors hole 601 on installation of sensors plate 6;
(B) pressure transducer is connected with data acquisition system (DAS), checks that whether the duty of each sensor is normal;
(C) detonating cord is connected with the external cabling post 141 of connector 14, checks that whether two wires of detonating cord are intact, then by detonating cord short circuit;
(D) open hermatic door 3, test explosive is hanging to the geometric center place of tank body 4 inside, the wire of detonator is connected on the binding post 141 that connector 14 is positioned at tank body 4 inside through the through hole of baffle plate, then detonator is fixed on test explosive;
(E) close hermatic door 3, the double-screw bolt on hermatic door 3 303 is buckled to 102 through U-bolt, tighten the nut 301 on double-screw bolt 303, hermatic door 3 is tightly sealed to tank body and exports on 1 end face is;
(F) open the power supply of data acquisition system (DAS), the state of inspection apparatus equipment.After confirming normally, detonating cord is connected on initiator, to initiator, charges; After reaffirming that data acquisition system (DAS) and tank body 4 devices are normal, primer detonator;
(G) test explosive produces after tank body 4 implodes shock wave, hotwork are used on each sensor sensing face, and the signal of sensor response is collected storage by data acquisition system (DAS);
(H) open the solenoid valve being connected with gas outlet 12, start exhausting system 15, tank body 4 implode product gas are discharged; Open the solenoid valve in draft tube 7, surrounding air is entered in blast tank body 4;
(I) after tank body 4 implode product gas drain only, open tank body 4 hermatic doors 3, prepare test next time.
The confined explosion tank environment that above-mentioned test blasting pot is set up, simulated the closed environment of actual uses of temperature and pressure ammunition, met the condition of Baric Explosive, after-combustion process, and applicable temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure Effect Evaluation is tested.
Above-mentioned test blasting pot is provided with admission gear, exhaust apparatus, can fast tank body implode gas be discharged; The vacuum extractor arranging, can carry out temperature and pressure explosive under vacuum state or other gases of filling as inert gas conditions such as argon gas, nitrogen under the research of detonation property.
Defer to technique scheme, following embodiment provides a kind of method of testing of the temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation based on implode test, and the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, in the shock-resistant ability of test blasting pot and tank body, oxygen content determines;
According to oxygen content in the shock-resistant ability of structure confirmed test blasting pot of test blasting pot and tank body, the shock-resistant ability of tank body is to have determined during by tank design, and TNT equivalent represents; Oxygen content refers to the quality of oxygen in the interior air of tank body;
In tank body, oxygen content calculates according to formula I:
M 0=0.21 * ρ V (formula I)
In formula:
M 0oxygen quality in-tank body;
V-tank body volume;
ρ-atmospheric density;
Step 2, test determining of temperature and pressure quality of explosive:
According to the shock-resistant ability of test blasting pot, determine that test temperature and pressure explosive is in the maximum dose value of tank in vivo studies, choose and be less than test temperature and pressure explosive in the maximum dose value of tank in vivo studies, to meet the safety requirement allowable of test blasting pot, test temperature and pressure explosive is in the maximum dose value of tank in vivo studies, the quality that obtains maximum test temperature and pressure explosive according to formula II, formula II is as follows:
M tNT=KM tBX(formula II)
In formula:
M tNTthe TNT equivalent of-test temperature and pressure explosive;
The TNT equivalent coefficient of K-test temperature and pressure explosive;
M tBXthe quality of-test temperature and pressure explosive;
According to the quality of maximum test temperature and pressure explosive, choose the quality of a test temperature and pressure explosive;
Step 3, determine whether the needed amount of oxygen of test temperature and pressure explosive meets the demands:
According to test temperature and pressure explosive molecules formula, calculate the oxygen balance of test temperature and pressure explosive, again according to testing the oxygen balance of temperature and pressure explosive and the quality of the test temperature and pressure explosive that step 2 is chosen, obtain the amount of oxygen needing, whether definite amount of oxygen needing meets the demands is tested the testing requirements of blasting pot, in being less than the tank body of test blasting pot, amount of oxygen that the test temperature and pressure explosives of 5 times need during airborne oxygen content, just meets the testing requirements of temperature and pressure explosive tank;
When the amount of oxygen of needs does not meet the demands the testing requirements of test blasting pot, return to step 2, again choose the quality of a test temperature and pressure explosive;
When the amount of oxygen of needs meets the demands the testing requirements of test blasting pot, the charger shape of temperature and pressure explosive is set to spherical or diameter and aspect ratio, and to be 1:1.2 cylindrical;
When oxygen balance refers to explosive charge in the explosive of unit mass contained oxygen element by the degree of combustible element complete oxidation, the amount of oxygen that reflection explosive complete oxidation needs, unit is g.g -1.Oxygen balance is being for just, illustrates that oxygen in explosive can be by combustible element complete oxidation, and still has some residues; Oxygen balance is for negative, illustrates that hypoxgia in explosive is with by combustible element complete oxidation; Oxygen balance is zero, illustrates that the oxygen in explosive just in time can be oxidized combustible element completely, neither too much or too little.
The computing method of described oxygen balance are as follows:
Temperature and pressure explosive is composite explosives, during its atom forms, except C, H, N, O element, also has Al, Cl, F element, therefore the molecular formula of temperature and pressure explosive is expressed as to C ah bn co dal ecl ff g, according to formula III, calculate oxygen balance:
B = 8 × ( Σ N Oi A Vi - Σ N Ri A Vi ) M r (formula III)
In formula:
A, b, c, d, e, f, g represent the atomicity in temperature and pressure explosive molecules formula;
The oxygen balance of B-temperature and pressure explosive, 1g temperature and pressure explosive lacks or remains the grams of oxygen;
N oia vithe atomicity that-temperature and pressure explosive is reduced in forming and its quantivalency are long-pending;
N ria viatomicity and its quantivalency oxidized in-temperature and pressure explosive composition are long-pending;
M rthe molecular weight of-temperature and pressure explosive;
Step 4, the acquisition methods of temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body:
Described temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter comprises positive pressure of shock wave peak value, momentum, thermopair response temperature peak value and quasistatic pressure peak;
On installation of sensors hole 601 in test blasting pot, wall reflected pressure sensor, thermopair and pressure drag type pressure capsule are installed, test temperature and pressure explosive is hanging to the geometric center of test blasting pot, by wall reflected pressure sensor, obtain explosion wave pressure curve, by thermopair, obtain thermopair response temperature curve, by pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain quasistatic pressure curve in tank body;
By wall reflected pressure sensor, obtain the voltage data of blast impulse wave pressure, voltage data obtains positive pressure of shock wave-time curve divided by the sensitivity of wall reflected pressure sensor, in positive pressure of shock wave-time curve, the pressure peak of precipitous rising is shock wave pressure peak value, and unit is MPa;
The pressure integration of shock wave superpressure-time curve malleation time period, obtaining shock wave momentum Zhi， unit is Pas;
By thermopair, obtain the voltage data of thermopair response temperature, minute kilsyth basalt of contrast thermopair, is converted to temperature-time curve by voltage data, and the temperature peak in temperature-time curve is thermopair response temperature peak value, and unit is s;
By pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain the voltage data of quasistatic pressure in tank body, voltage data is divided by the sensitivity of pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain quasistatic pressure-time curve, force value when pressure rise is to the straight stage in the quasistatic pressure-time curve static pressure peak value that is as the criterion, unit is MPa;
After temperature and pressure explosive detonation has reacted, the shock wave producing space diffusion towards periphery, at tank body, produce reflected pressure, reflected shock wave carrys out back reflective in tank body, energy reduces gradually, shock wave pressure peak value is decayed and is tended towards stability gradually, fuel particle and detonation product are with shock wave also space diffusion towards periphery simultaneously, with the oxygen mix burning in surrounding air, discharge a large amount of heats, the temperature of tank body is raise, tank body internal pressure raises gradually, after fuel particle burning completely, it is maximum that the energy discharging reaches, pressure in tank body reaches mxm., if tank body does not have energy leakage, pressure in tank body will remain unchanged.Therefore the shock wave pressure sensor that measuring shock waves reflection is pressed must have high frequency response characteristic, and the resonance frequency of pressure transducer is more than or equal to 500kHz; Thermocouple sensor is not damaged under shock wave, has certain shock wave resistance ability to function, and the thermopair response time is less than 10ms, and impact resistance is greater than 5MPa; The sensor of measuring quasistatic pressure should have zero-frequency response characteristic, high temperature resistant and not damaged under positive pressure of shock wave peak action.
Step 5, the acquisition methods of TNT explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body:
Be set to identical with the charger shape of temperature and pressure explosive with the charger shape of the TNT explosive of temperature and pressure explosive equal in quality in step 4, test TNT explosive is hanging to the geometric center of test blasting pot, according to the method identical with step 4, obtains TNT explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body;
Step 6, obtain temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation test result:
Temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter X in the tank body that step 4 is obtained tBX, the temperature and pressure effect character parameter X of the TNT explosive obtaining with step 5 tNT, according to formula IV, ask for TNT than η:
η=X tBX/ X tNT(formula IV).
Below provide specific embodiments of the invention, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiment, all equivalents of doing on present techniques scheme basis all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment:
The internal diameter that it should be noted that the test blasting pot adopting in the present embodiment is φ 2.6m, and volume is 26m 3, shock-resistant ability is less than 7kgTNT equivalent; The mass ratio of test PMX temperature and pressure Explosives is 64.4%HMX, 30%Al, and 1.4% fluororubber, 4.2%DOA, molecular formula is C 1.242h 2.410n 1.870o 1.451f 0.05226al 1.193, wherein the quantivalency of C atom is that the quantivalency of-4, H atom is that the quantivalency of+1, O atom is that the quantivalency of-2, F atom is that the quantivalency of-1, Al atom is+3, the TNT equivalent coefficient of test temperature and pressure explosive is 1.8.
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of testing of the temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation based on implode test, and the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the determining of test unit;
Adopt test blasting pot to carry out the implode test of temperature and pressure explosive, the internal diameter of test blasting pot is φ 2.6m, and volume is 26m 3, shock-resistant ability is less than 7kgTNT equivalent, 26m 3in air, amount of oxygen is 7.8kg according to the result of calculation of formula I.
Step 2, test determining of temperature and pressure quality of explosive:
According to the shock-resistant ability of test blasting pot, the maximum explosion-proof TNT equivalent of confirmed test blasting pot is 7kgTNT equivalent, when the TNT equivalent of test temperature and pressure explosive is less than the maximum explosion-proof TNT equivalent of test blasting pot, just meet the request for utilization allowable of test blasting pot, according to meet test blasting pot request for utilization allowable time the TNT equivalent of test temperature and pressure explosive, according to formula II, obtain the quality of maximum test temperature and pressure explosive, i.e. 7kg=1.8M tBXm tBX=3.89kg
According to the quality 3.89kg of maximum test temperature and pressure explosive, choose the quality 1kg of a test temperature and pressure explosive;
Step 3, determine whether the needed amount of oxygen of test temperature and pressure explosive meets the demands:
According to test temperature and pressure explosive molecules formula C 1.242h 2.410n 1.870o 1.451f 0.05226al 1.193calculate the oxygen balance of test temperature and pressure explosive, again according to testing the oxygen balance of temperature and pressure explosive and the quality of the test temperature and pressure explosive that step 2 is chosen, obtain the amount of oxygen needing, whether definite amount of oxygen needing meets the demands is tested the testing requirements of blasting pot, in being less than the tank body of test blasting pot, amount of oxygen that the test temperature and pressure explosives of 5 times need during airborne oxygen content, just meets the testing requirements of temperature and pressure explosive tank;
According to formula III, calculate oxygen balance:
B = 8 ( 2 × 1.451 + 0.05226 - 4 × 1.242 - 1 × 2.410 - 3 × 1.193 ) 100 = - 64.02 % ( g / g )
Hence one can see that, and 1kg temperature and pressure explosive complete oxidation needs 0.6402kg oxygen, and 5 times of its quality is 3.21kg.26m 3in air, amount of oxygen is 7.8kg, is greater than 3.21kg, meets temperature and pressure explosive implode testing requirements.The charger shape of temperature and pressure explosive is set to spherical, and in the present embodiment, also can be set to diameter and aspect ratio be the cylindrical of 1:1.2 to the charger shape of temperature and pressure explosive, and the two effect is the same, is two kinds of replaceable charger shapes of this area.
Step 4, the acquisition methods of temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body:
Described temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter comprises positive pressure of shock wave peak value, momentum, thermopair response temperature peak value and quasistatic pressure peak;
On installation of sensors hole 601 in test blasting pot, wall reflected pressure sensor (M133B of PCB company 22 type pressure transducers) is installed, thermopair (Wolfram rhenium heat electric couple) and pressure drag type pressure capsule (the Kunshan CYG508 of sensor factory type pressure transducer), the performance parameter of each sensor is as shown in table 1, test temperature and pressure explosive is hanging to the geometric center of test blasting pot, by wall reflected pressure sensor, obtain explosion wave pressure curve, by thermopair, obtain thermopair response temperature curve, by pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain quasistatic pressure curve in tank body,
By wall reflected pressure sensor, obtain the voltage data of blast impulse wave pressure, voltage data is divided by the sensitivity of wall reflected pressure sensor, the sensitivity of the wall reflected pressure sensor of four measuring point is respectively 0.1450V/MPa, 0.1449V/MPa, 0.1444V/MPa, 0.1433V/Mpa, obtain positive pressure of shock wave-time curve as shown in figure 12, in positive pressure of shock wave-time curve, the pressure peak of precipitous rising is shock wave pressure peak value, as shown in table 2, unit is MPa;
The pressure integration of shock wave superpressure-time curve malleation time period, obtains shock wave momentum value, as shown in table 2, and unit is Pas;
By thermopair, obtain the voltage data of thermopair response temperature, contrast minute kilsyth basalt " D type WRe5-WRe26 thermocouple wire divides kilsyth basalt " of known thermopair, voltage data is converted to temperature-time curve, as shown in figure 13, temperature peak in temperature-time curve is thermopair response temperature peak value, as shown in table 2;
By pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain the voltage data of quasistatic pressure in tank body, voltage data is divided by the sensitivity 2.5V/MPa of pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain quasistatic pressure-time curve, as shown in figure 14, force value when pressure rise is to the straight stage in the quasistatic pressure-time curve static pressure peak value that is as the criterion, as shown in table 2; Unit is MPa;
The performance parameter of each sensor of table 1
Figure BDA0000394034810000161
Step 5, the acquisition methods of TNT explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body:
Be set to identical with the charger shape of temperature and pressure explosive with the charger shape of the TNT explosive of temperature and pressure explosive equal in quality in step 4, test TNT explosive is hanging to the geometric center of test blasting pot, according to the method identical with step 4, obtain TNT explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body, as shown in table 2; Corresponding explosion wave pressure curve as shown in figure 12, thermopair response temperature curve as shown in figure 13, in tank body, as shown in figure 14, in figure, WY-1 represents the PMX temperature and pressure explosive of the present embodiment to quasistatic pressure curve, and TNT represents the TNT explosive with PMX temperature and pressure explosive equal in quality.
The result of table 2 temperature and pressure effect character parameter
Figure BDA0000394034810000162
Step 6, obtain temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation test result:
Temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter X in the tank body that step 4 is obtained tBX, the temperature and pressure effect character parameter X of the TNT explosive obtaining with step 5 tNT, according to formula IV, ask for TNT than η, result is as shown in table 3:
η=X tBX/ X tNT(formula IV).
Table 3 temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation test result
Figure BDA0000394034810000171
Temperature and pressure Explosive Shock Wave peak overpressure, momentum reflected temperature and pressure explosive at detonation stage of reaction output energy to the target ability of doing work, the after-combustion of thermopair response temperature peak value reflection temperature and pressure explosive releases energy to target Damage ability, the ability that quasistatic pressure reflection temperature and pressure explosive always releases energy.As can be seen from Table 3, under closed environment, with homogenous quantities TNT comparison, the gross energy that Baric Explosive discharges is many, and the blast effect that detonation phase produces is more intense, and the thermal effect that late combustion phase produces is also more intense.

Claims (1)

1. a method of testing for the temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation based on implode test, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, in the shock-resistant ability of test blasting pot and tank body, oxygen content determines;
Adopt test blasting pot to carry out the implode test of temperature and pressure explosive, described test blasting pot comprises tank body (4), and described tank body (4) is airtight double layers of tank body, is provided with buffer layer (18) between double layers of tank body; Tank body (4) one end is provided with vacuum-pumping tube (9), and the other end of tank body (4) offers and installs mouthful (2) additional, hermatic door (3) is installed installing additional on mouthful (2), is provided with tank body outlet (1) on the tank body (4) in hermatic door (3) outside; On the circumference of tank body (4) inwall, be evenly distributed with installation of sensors plate (6), on installation of sensors plate (6), offer installation of sensors hole (601); On tank body (4), be also provided with draft tube (7), gas outlet (12) and connector (14);
According to oxygen content in the shock-resistant ability of structure confirmed test blasting pot of test blasting pot and tank body, the shock-resistant ability of tank body is to have determined during by tank design, and TNT equivalent represents; Oxygen content refers to the quality of oxygen in the interior air of tank body;
In tank body, oxygen content calculates according to formula I:
M 0=0.21 * ρ V (formula I)
In formula:
M 0oxygen quality in-tank body;
V-tank body volume;
ρ-atmospheric density;
Step 2, test determining of temperature and pressure quality of explosive:
According to the shock-resistant ability of test blasting pot, determine that test temperature and pressure explosive is in the maximum dose value of tank in vivo studies, choose and be less than test temperature and pressure explosive in the maximum dose value of tank in vivo studies, to meet the safety requirement allowable of test blasting pot, test temperature and pressure explosive is in the maximum dose value of tank in vivo studies, the quality that obtains maximum test temperature and pressure explosive according to formula II, formula II is as follows:
M tNT=KM tBX(formula II)
In formula:
M tNTthe TNT equivalent of-test temperature and pressure explosive;
The TNT equivalent coefficient of K-test temperature and pressure explosive;
M tBXthe quality of-test temperature and pressure explosive;
According to the quality of maximum test temperature and pressure explosive, choose the quality of a test temperature and pressure explosive;
Step 3, determine whether the needed amount of oxygen of test temperature and pressure explosive meets the demands:
According to test temperature and pressure explosive molecules formula, calculate the oxygen balance of test temperature and pressure explosive, again according to testing the oxygen balance of temperature and pressure explosive and the quality of the test temperature and pressure explosive that step 2 is chosen, obtain the amount of oxygen needing, whether definite amount of oxygen needing meets the demands is tested the testing requirements of blasting pot, in being less than the tank body of test blasting pot, amount of oxygen that the test temperature and pressure explosives of 5 times need during airborne oxygen content, just meets the testing requirements of temperature and pressure explosive tank;
When the amount of oxygen of needs does not meet the demands the testing requirements of test blasting pot, return to step 2, again choose the quality of a test temperature and pressure explosive;
When the amount of oxygen of needs meets the demands the testing requirements of test blasting pot, the charger shape of temperature and pressure explosive is set to spherical or diameter and aspect ratio, and to be 1:1.2 cylindrical;
The computing method of described oxygen balance are as follows:
Temperature and pressure explosive is composite explosives, during its atom forms, except C, H, N, O element, also has Al, Cl, F element, therefore the molecular formula of temperature and pressure explosive is expressed as to C ah bn co dal ecl ff g, according to formula III, calculate oxygen balance:
B = 8 × ( Σ N Oi A Vi - Σ N Ri A Vi ) M r (formula III)
In formula:
A, b, c, d, e, f, g represent the atomicity in temperature and pressure explosive molecules formula;
The oxygen balance of B-temperature and pressure explosive, 1g temperature and pressure explosive lacks or remains the grams of oxygen;
N oia vithe atomicity that-temperature and pressure explosive is reduced in forming and its quantivalency are long-pending;
N ria viatomicity and its quantivalency oxidized in-temperature and pressure explosive composition are long-pending;
M rthe molecular weight of-temperature and pressure explosive;
Step 4, the acquisition methods of temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body:
Described temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter comprises positive pressure of shock wave peak value, momentum, thermopair response temperature peak value and quasistatic pressure peak;
Upper wall reflected pressure sensor, thermopair and the pressure drag type pressure capsule installed in installation of sensors hole (601) in test blasting pot, test temperature and pressure explosive is hanging to the geometric center of test blasting pot, by wall reflected pressure sensor, obtain explosion wave pressure curve, by thermopair, obtain thermopair response temperature curve, by pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain quasistatic pressure curve in tank body;
By wall reflected pressure sensor, obtain the voltage data of blast impulse wave pressure, voltage data obtains positive pressure of shock wave-time curve divided by the sensitivity of wall reflected pressure sensor, in positive pressure of shock wave-time curve, the pressure peak of precipitous rising is shock wave pressure peak value, and unit is MPa;
The pressure integration of shock wave superpressure-time curve malleation time period, obtaining shock wave momentum Zhi， unit is Pas;
By thermopair, obtain the voltage data of thermopair response temperature, minute kilsyth basalt of contrast thermopair, is converted to temperature-time curve by voltage data, and the temperature peak in temperature-time curve is thermopair response temperature peak value, and unit is s;
By pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain the voltage data of quasistatic pressure in tank body, voltage data is divided by the sensitivity of pressure drag type pressure capsule, obtain quasistatic pressure-time curve, force value when pressure rise is to the straight stage in the quasistatic pressure-time curve static pressure peak value that is as the criterion, unit is MPa;
Step 5, the acquisition methods of TNT explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body:
Be set to identical with the charger shape of temperature and pressure explosive with the charger shape of the TNT explosive of temperature and pressure explosive equal in quality in step 4, test TNT explosive is hanging to the geometric center of test blasting pot, according to the method identical with step 4, obtains TNT explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter in tank body;
Step 6, obtain temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect quantitative evaluation test result:
Temperature and pressure explosive temperature and pressure effect character parameter X in the tank body that step 4 is obtained tBX, the temperature and pressure effect character parameter X of the TNT explosive obtaining with step 5 tNT, according to formula IV, ask for TNT than η:
η=X tBX/ X tNT(formula IV).
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