CN107607247B - Explosive explosion impulse and wind pressure combined test method - Google Patents
Explosive explosion impulse and wind pressure combined test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an explosive explosion impulse and wind dynamic pressure combined test method, which is characterized in that an explosive charge 9 is placed in an explosion core, an impulse and wind dynamic pressure test device consisting of a bearing plate 1, a pressure transmission rod 2, a sensor 3, a fixing bolt 4, a test wire 5 and a fixing frame 6 is arranged at a certain distance, after the explosive charge 9 is exploded, the explosive impulse and the wind dynamic pressure act on the bearing plate 1, the sensor 3 outputs a voltage signal after being stressed, and the voltage signal is transmitted to a computer 8 for processing and storage through a strain amplifier 7, so that the impulse and the wind dynamic pressure are obtained. The method can record the impulse and wind dynamic pressure acting load curve at a certain fixed point of an explosion field in real time, realize the simultaneous test of the impulse of the high-frequency shock wave and the low-frequency wind dynamic pressure, and provide support for the weapon ammunition power test and evaluation.
Description
The invention belongs to the technical field of explosion damage testing and evaluation, and particularly relates to a testing method, in particular to a combined testing method for explosive explosion impulse and wind pressure.
Background
The explosive charges are rapidly expanded by high-temperature and high-pressure detonation products generated by explosion in the air, surrounding air is rapidly extruded out from the original position to form air shock waves, meanwhile, high-pressure air waves gushing out from the explosion center form pneumatic pressure after following the shock wave front, and the shock waves and the pneumatic pressure can damage targets in different degrees. The impact wave mainly acts on the barrier by overpressure load and impulse load, when the duration of the positive pressure of the impact wave is less than one fourth of the self period of the target, the impact wave action process is finished because the target structure has no time to respond, and the damage degree of the target at this moment is mainly determined by the impulse load. The main effect of the damage to slender targets such as a chimney, a tip tower and the like is wind pressure. The transverse area of the targets is small, reflected high pressure formed on the windward side by the shock waves is quickly thinned by side sparse waves, air fluid bypasses the targets to form circulation flow and moves forwards, the target structure bears the attack of the shock wind, and wind pressure load is the load loaded on a slender object by the wind pressure.
In the aspect of impulse testing, an overpressure curve integration method is generally adopted in the existing impulse testing. Due to the wide application of the high-sensitivity pressure sensor and the improvement of the testing technology, the accuracy of the overpressure peak value testing result is greatly improved, and the impulse is obtained by directly utilizing the overpressure curve integration obtained by testing through the integration method. However, on the one hand, it sometimes happens that a smooth, continuous overpressure time curve cannot be obtained, subject to the test conditions; on the other hand, due to the influence of human factors, the selection of the start point and the end point of the integration time period can be different from person to person, and the integration results are inconsistent. According to the results of multiple tests, the impulse repeatability obtained by the method is poor, and the influence on the explosion power evaluation is large.
In the aspect of wind pressure and wind pressure load testing, a pneumatic pressure tester of an LDY-6 type micro differential pressure sensor adopting an inductive differential pressure sensor is designed and completed in 1973 by professor of Matou Bao tree of Qinghua university, the wind pressure of an explosion field in a nuclear test field is successfully obtained for the first time, Pengzhouxian of the northwest nuclear technology research institute introduces an air wind pressure testing probe consisting of a pitot tube and a diaphragm type bilateral variable reluctance sensor in dynamic response research of the air wind pressure probe, the probe is provided with two cavities of a pipeline with total pressure and static overpressure which are simultaneously inflated, and the wind pressure is calculated according to the difference between the total pressure and the static overpressure. However, the nuclear explosion wind pressure has long duration and high peak value, while the common chemical explosion shock wave lasts for only a few milliseconds, and the response time of the pitot tube is difficult to meet the test requirements of the chemical explosion shock wave and the wind pressure. In conclusion, the current test for the chemical explosion pneumatic pressure load is still at a lower level, and no test device generally accepted by the industry exists.
In order to realize the simultaneous measurement of high-frequency shock waves and low-frequency wind pressure loads, a pressure sensor with better response to high frequency, low frequency and zero frequency is needed, the measurement error in a high-range and a low-range is required to be very small, and the pressure sensor with the performance is not available at present, so that the current test research on the impulse and wind pressure is often mutually independent. Due to smoothness of an overpressure curve, human errors in determination of an integral interval and the like, impulse testing is still not completed at present, a mature and reliable testing method acknowledged in the industry is not available for pneumatic pressure testing, and a testing method for simultaneously realizing impulse and pneumatic pressure is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and defects of the prior art, the invention provides a combined test method for explosive explosion impulse and wind dynamic pressure.
In order to realize the task, the invention adopts the following technical solution:
a method for testing explosive explosion impulse and wind pressure jointly includes placing a testing device composed of a pressure bearing plate, a pressure transmitting rod, a sensor, a fixing bolt, a testing line and a fixing frame at a position at a certain distance from explosive charge, wherein the pressure bearing plate is a square steel plate and is flush with the opening face of the fixing frame, one end of the sensor is fixedly connected with the pressure bearing plate through the pressure transmitting rod, the other end of the sensor is installed on the fixing frame through the fixing bolt, and the testing line outputs signals of the sensor and then is connected with a computer through a strain amplifier.
The test process of the invention is as follows: after the explosive is exploded, after the high-frequency impulse i acts on the bearing plate, the impulse load borne by the bearing plate is transmitted to the sensor through the pressure transmission rod, and the sensor outputs a voltage value U after being stressed1The bearing plate starts damping vibration, and then the low-frequency pneumatic pressure continues acting on the bearing plate, and the damping vibration of the bearing plate is superimposed with pneumatic ballastThe motion caused by the load effect has short duration of damping vibration relative to the duration of wind dynamic pressure, after the damping vibration is finished, the surface of the bearing plate continues to be under the action of the wind dynamic pressure load, and the sensor continuously outputs the platform voltage value U2The duration of the platform is determined by the duration of the wind pressure load. The voltage output of the sensor is led out by a test wire, passes through a strain amplifier and is stored in a computer, a recording file is called out after the test is finished, and the impulse and the wind pressure are read after a test curve is processed by using special software.
The method is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
step 1, determining an explosive charge placement point (explosive core), and fixedly installing a testing device consisting of a pressure bearing plate, a pressure transmission rod, a sensor, a fixing bolt, a testing line and a fixing frame at a certain distance from the explosive core according to testing requirements;
Wherein i is the impulse of the explosive shock wave, Pa.s; p is explosion air pressure Pa; k is the amplification factor of the strain amplifier 7 and is dimensionless; s is the sensitivity, V/N, of the sensor 3; a is the area of the bearing plate 1, m2；U1Recording the first peak voltage value of the curve, V, for the computer 8; u shape2The curve plateau voltage value, V, is recorded for the computer 8.
The beneficial effects of the invention are shown in the following aspects:
(1) the combined test method for explosive explosion impulse and wind dynamic pressure can obtain the impulse and wind dynamic pressure acting load curve at a certain fixed point of an explosion field in real time to obtain impulse and wind dynamic pressure parameters, solves the test problem of explosive explosion wind dynamic pressure, and provides a new method for explosive impulse test, which can provide data support for explosive power evaluation;
(2) the method realizes synchronous testing of explosive explosion impulse load and pneumatic pressure load, is simple to operate, is beneficial to reducing testing workload, and reduces testing time cost and economic cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the positional relationship between the explosive and the test apparatus and equipment;
FIG. 2 is an idealized output curve obtained by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a test curve obtained by the method after detonation of the explosive in the example;
FIG. 4 is a curve of the shock wave overpressure obtained after detonation of the explosive in the examples.
The reference numbers in the figures represent respectively: 1. the device comprises a bearing plate, 2, a pressure transmission rod, 3, a sensor, 4, a fixing bolt, 5, a testing line, 6, a fixing frame, 7, a strain amplifier, 8, a computer, 9 and explosive charges.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the explosive charge 9 is placed in a blasting core, an impulse and wind pressure testing device which is composed of a pressure bearing plate 1, a pressure transmission rod 2, a sensor 3, a fixing bolt 4, a testing line 5 and a fixed frame 6 is installed at a certain distance, wherein the pressure bearing plate 1 is a square steel plate and is flush with an opening surface of the fixed frame 6, one end of the sensor 3 is fixedly connected with the pressure bearing plate 1 through the pressure transmission rod 2, the other end of the sensor is installed on the fixed frame 6 through the fixing bolt 4, and the testing line 3 leads out signals of the sensor and then is connected with a computer 8 through a strain amplifier 7. Wherein:
after the explosive charge 9 is exploded, high-frequency explosion impulse and wind pressure act on the pressure bearing plate 1 and are transmitted to the sensor 3 through the transmission and compression rod 2, and the sensor 3 outputs a voltage signal after being stressed;
the output signal of the sensor 3 is led out by the test wire 5, is amplified by a certain multiple through the strain amplifier 7 and then is transmitted to the computer 8, and the computer 8 finishes the processing and the storage of the test data;
a typical test curve recorded by the computer 8 is shown in FIG. 2, and the impulse i and wind pressure p are calculated according to the following formula
Wherein i is the impulse of the explosive shock wave, Pa.s; p is explosion air pressure Pa; k is the amplification factor of the strain amplifier 7 and is dimensionless; s is the sensitivity, V/N, of the sensor 3; a is the area of the bearing plate 1, m2；U1Recording the first peak voltage value of the curve, V, for the computer 8; u shape2The curve plateau voltage value, V, is recorded for the computer 8.
In a specific experiment, the operation is carried out according to the following steps:
determining an explosive charge placing point (explosive core), and fixedly installing a testing device consisting of a pressure bearing plate 1, a pressure transmission rod 2, a sensor 3, a fixing bolt 4, a testing line 5 and a fixing frame 6 at a certain distance from the explosive core according to testing requirements;
leading out a test wire 5 of the test device to a safe position, sequentially connecting the test wire with a strain amplifier 7 and a computer 8, opening test special software, and manually pressing a bearing plate 1 to confirm whether a test system works normally;
placing the explosive charge 9 at the center of the explosion, detonating the explosive after confirming that the test system is in a working state, and acquiring data and finishing processing and recording by the computer 8;
and reading the recording curve of the computer 8, and respectively calculating the impulse and the wind pressure according to a formula.
The following are specific examples given by the inventors.
In this example, after 30kg of an aluminum-containing explosive is exploded, the impulse and the wind pressure at a distance of 8m from the center of the explosion are measured, the area of the pressure-bearing plate 1 is 40cm × 40cm, the measuring range of the spoke type force sensor 3 is 5 tons, and the sensitivity S is 1.41 × 10-2mV/N, and the amplification factor k of the strain amplifier 7 is 100. In order to verify the accuracy of impulse testing, a shock wave overpressure sensor is arranged at the same distance, and the test method comprises the following steps:
(1) pressing an aluminum-containing explosive sample into a cylindrical explosive charge 9, and storing the explosive charge in a sample temporary storage area;
(2) determining a placement point (explosive core) of an explosive charge 9 in a test field, fixedly installing a testing device consisting of a pressure bearing plate 1, a pressure transmission rod 2, a sensor 3, a fixing bolt 4, a testing wire 5 and a fixing frame 6 at a position 8m away from the explosive core, and arranging shock wave pressure sensors at the same distance;
(3) leading the test wire 5 out to a safe position, and connecting the test wire with a strain amplifier 7 and a computer 8 in sequence;
(4) supplying power to the strain amplifier 7 and the computer 8, setting the multiple of the method of the strain amplifier 7 as 100, opening professional test software of the computer 8, and strongly pressing the bearing plate 1 to confirm whether the test system works normally;
(5) placing the explosive charge 9 in a blasting core, detonating the explosive charge 9 after confirming that the test system is in a working state, and acquiring data and finishing processing and recording by the computer 8;
(6) the first peak value and the platform value of the curve recorded by the computer 8 are read, and the impulse and the wind pressure are respectively calculated according to a formula. The resulting explosion impulse and wind pressure test curves for this example are shown in figure 3, and the shock wave overpressure curve at this distance is shown in figure 4.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the self-oscillation period T of the present apparatus is 13.30X 10-3s, angular frequency ω 472.6rad/s, voltage first peak U15.234V, plateau voltage value U2When the impulse is 0.302V, the impulse i is 489.9Pa · s by substituting the parameters into equation (1), and the wind pressure p is 13.36 × 10 by substituting the impulse i into equation (2)3kPa. FIG. 4 shows that the peak value of the shock wave at the distance is 0.38MPa, the duration of the positive pressure is 3.21ms, and the impulse of the shock wave is obtained by an integration methodIs 497.4 pas. The impulse deviation obtained by integrating the impulse obtained by the method and the overpressure curve is 1.51%, and the impulse testing accuracy of the method is verified.
Claims (1)
1. A combined test method for explosive explosion impulse and wind dynamic pressure is characterized in that an impulse and wind dynamic pressure test device consisting of a pressure bearing plate (1), a pressure transmission rod (2), a sensor (3), a fixing bolt (4), a test wire (5) and a fixing frame (6) is placed at a position with a certain distance from an explosive charge (9), and the sensor (3) is sequentially connected with a strain amplifier (7) and a computer (8) in series through the test wire (5);
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a placement point of explosive charges (9), wherein the placement point is a detonation core, and fixedly installing a testing device consisting of a bearing plate (1), a pressure transmission rod (2), a sensor (3), a fixing bolt (4), a testing line (5) and a fixing frame (6) at a certain distance from the detonation core according to testing requirements;
step 2, leading out a test wire (5) of the test device to a safe position, sequentially connecting the test wire with a strain amplifier (7) and a computer (8), opening test special software, and manually pressing a bearing plate (1) to confirm whether the test system works normally;
step 3, placing the explosive charge (9) at the explosive core, detonating the explosive charge (9) after confirming that the test system is in a working state, and collecting data by a computer (8);
and 4, reading a test curve recorded by the computer (8), and respectively calculating the explosive impulse i and the air pressure p of the explosive charge (9) according to the sensitivity of the sensor (3) and the amplification factor of the strain amplifier (7) according to the formulas (a) and (b):
wherein i is the impulse of the explosive shock wave, Pa.s; p is explosion air pressure Pa; k is a strain amplifier (7)Magnification, dimensionless; s is the sensitivity of the sensor (3), V/N; a is the area of the bearing plate (1), m2；U1Recording the first peak voltage value of the curve, V, for the computer (8); u shape2The curve plateau voltage value, V, is recorded for the computer (8).
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| CN109975142A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-05 | 公安部第一研究所 | A kind of non-contact explosion wave superpressure test macro of plate product and method |
| CN110455652A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-15 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of push rod compression test platform and test method |
| CN111579579B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2024-04-16 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multipoint omnibearing CO 2 Phase-change fracturing pressure time-course curve testing system and method |
| CN113324448B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-08-19 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Method and device for testing pneumatic pressure of ammunition explosion field |
| CN113609579B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2024-05-10 | 上海机电工程研究所 | Method and system for identifying explosive load of initiating explosive device |
| CN115165185B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2024-06-21 | 西北核技术研究所 | Curved surface explosive load distributed impulse calibration device |
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