CN113704845B - Design method of installation foundation of semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank - Google Patents
Design method of installation foundation of semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN113704845B CN113704845B CN202110894604.5A CN202110894604A CN113704845B CN 113704845 B CN113704845 B CN 113704845B CN 202110894604 A CN202110894604 A CN 202110894604A CN 113704845 B CN113704845 B CN 113704845B
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of design and installation of impact-resistant bases, and particularly relates to a design method of an installation foundation of a semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank. The invention includes designing the bearable size to be F d Strengthening the wall surface of the foundation pit under the action of static force; designed bearable size of F s A static acting support frame; splitting the support frame into an upper support frame and a lower support frame, and arranging a vibration isolator array between the upper support frame and the lower support frame; designing an external supporting structure of the experimental tank; building a semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank system according to the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit, the supporting frame, the vibration isolator and the external supporting structure; the invention aims at the transmission process of the internal explosion shock wave load and the universality of the explosion experiment tank, can effectively absorb and resist the impact in the vertical and horizontal directions generated by various experiments performed in the explosion experiment tank, has the functions of fixing and preventing the explosion tank, has the characteristics of safety and easy installation, and has higher use convenience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of design and installation of impact-resistant bases, and particularly relates to a design method of an installation foundation of a semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank.
Background
The explosion experiment tank is main equipment for researching explosion action rules such as explosive blank explosion, underwater explosion and the like and processing metal explosion. Compared with the experimental conditions in the wild natural water area, the experimental tank for the underwater explosion experiment has the advantages of convenient placement of experimental instruments, convenient acquisition of experimental data, convenient control of experimental external conditions, convenient recovery of experimental samples, convenient elimination of the influence of the explosion experiment on the surrounding environment and the like, and is a main means for researching the underwater explosion action rule of the explosive by using small dosage according to the similar principle of underwater explosion in a laboratory. The explosion experiment tank has the advantages similar to those used for underwater explosion for the air explosion and explosion processing experiments.
At present, a great deal of practice is carried out on the application of the explosion experiment tank, but at present, no universal standard exists for the installation of the explosion tank, the explosion tank is generally transversely or vertically fixed on the ground or an installation frame, the safety of the explosion experiment tank in the explosion experiment only stays at the degree of damage of the explosion experiment tank in the explosion experiment at present, the influence of explosion impact load on the outside is not considered, when the explosion experiment is carried out, the impact load generated by explosion is directly transmitted to the installation surface, larger noise is easily generated, the installation surface is damaged under serious conditions, and the explosion tank is overturned. In addition, the explosion tank is generally directly installed on the ground instead of being buried underground or installed in a closed space, so that better protection effect on surrounding experimenters and experimental equipment cannot be achieved even when the explosion experiment tank is accidentally broken.
Therefore, the standard design scheme for providing a complete installation foundation of the explosion experiment tank is a problem to be solved in the field of the experiment of the explosion experiment tank at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method of a mounting foundation of a semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing the bearable size as F d Strengthening the wall surface of the foundation pit under the action of static force;
F d the calculation method of (1) is that
F d ＝αE kd /δ max
Wherein E is kd Specific impact energy of explosion shock waves in the experimental tank; r is R 1 The unit of the distance from the inner wall surface of the tank to the explosion center is m; w is the explosive quantity of the explosive in kg; ρ is the density of water in the experimental tank; c is the sound velocity in the water in the experimental tank; t is t m The distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 1 Is provided with a plurality of grooves, the action time of the inner wall surface of the tank,p 1 the distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 1 Peak pressure of can inner wall surface, +.>K. Alpha is a constant related to the nature of the explosive; θ 1 Is the decay time constant of the underwater explosion shock wave, and the unit is s #>Alpha is a set safety coefficient; delta max A maximum displacement limit set;
step 2: designed bearable size of F s A static acting support frame;
F s the calculation method of (1) is as follows:
F s ＝λp 2 S
s is the contact area between the support frame and the experimental tank; p is p 2 The distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 2 Is used for the support frame of the vehicle,T d the distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 2 Is>f n Is the fundamental frequency of the support frame;
step 3: splitting the support frame into an upper support frame and a lower support frame, and arranging a vibration isolator array between the upper support frame and the lower support frame; the vibration isolator array comprises x vibration isolators, wherein the x vibration isolators are uniformly arranged above the position of the beam of the support frame in the circumferential direction by taking the center of the support frame as a circle center; the vibration isolator can bear the weight of F at least G Is defined by the weight of the container;
F G ＝M·(g+a)/x
wherein M is the total mass of the experimental tank and the upper supporting frame above the vibration isolator; g is gravity acceleration, a is acceleration caused by impact load, and vibration equation y (t) =A of undamped simple chord motion is carried out after the whole experiment tank and the supporting frame are excited by the impact load 1 cosωt+A 2 solving sin ωt; a is that 1 、A 2 Representing the amplitude; ω represents the vibration frequency;
step 4: designing an external supporting structure of the experimental tank; the external supporting structure is arranged on the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit around the outer side of the upper part of the experimental tank and is used for counteracting the torque which cannot be counteracted when the vibration isolator fails accidentally; an air layer with the thickness of B is reserved between the external supporting structure and the experimental tank;
B＝A 3 -e m
wherein e m The maximum compression amount which can be born by the elastic gasket; a is that 3 The maximum displacement amplitude generated by the pendulum motion of the experimental tank under the limit of the working stroke of the vibration isolator is shown; h is a 1 The compression stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is set; h is a 2 The stretching stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is set; h is the relative height of the support frame and the vibration isolator; r is R 3 The installation radius of the vibration isolator is set;
step 5: and (3) constructing a semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank system according to the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit, the supporting frame, the vibration isolator and the external supporting structure in the steps 1 to 4.
The invention may further include:
in the step 1, reinforced concrete is adopted for the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit, and the impact action point is applied with the size of F by a plastic stranded wire method d And (5) carrying out reinforcement design on the concrete slab under the static force.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can effectively absorb and resist the impact in the vertical and horizontal directions generated by various experiments performed in the explosion experiment tank, has the functions of fixing and preventing the explosion tank from overturning, has the characteristics of safety and easy installation, and has higher use convenience.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram of the installation foundation of a semi-submersible type large explosion experiment tank in the invention.
Fig. 2 (a) is a vertical bottom view of the upper support frame (including the vibration isolator).
Fig. 2 (b) is a side view of the upper support frame (including the vibration isolator).
Fig. 2 (c) is a vertical top view of the upper support frame (including the vibration isolator).
Fig. 3 (a) is a vertical bottom view of the lower support frame.
Fig. 3 (b) is a side view of the lower support frame.
Fig. 3 (c) is a vertical top view of the lower support frame.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the vibration isolator.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an exterior support structure of an explosion canister.
Fig. 5 (a) is a vertical bottom view of the exterior support structure of the detonation tank.
Fig. 5 (b) is a side view of the support structure outside the detonation tank.
Fig. 5 (c) is a vertical top view of the exterior support structure of the detonation tank.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to the technical field of impact-resistant base design and installation. The invention provides a design method of a mounting base of a semi-submersible type large explosion experiment tank, which is used for solving the problems of safety, use convenience and the like of the large explosion experiment tank in the experiment process. Aiming at the transmission process of the internal explosion shock wave load and the universality of an explosion experiment tank, 8 axisymmetric vibration isolation dampers are designed at the bottom of the tank body, and a selection and installation method is provided. The invention designs a vibration isolation structure of the supporting frame, the vibration isolator and the supporting frame, which can effectively transfer and absorb impact load; the external supporting structure with the wall surface, the steel structure, the rubber gasket and the air-explosion tank body as the mounting mode is designed, and effective protection on the horizontal direction is provided for the explosion tank body. The invention can effectively absorb and resist the impact in the vertical and horizontal directions generated by various experiments performed in the explosion experiment tank, has the functions of fixing and preventing the explosion tank from overturning, has the characteristics of safety and easy installation, and has higher use convenience.
The invention relates to a mounting foundation of a semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank, which comprises a foundation pit periphery reinforcement 6 of the semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank, an explosion tank external supporting structure 2, a supporting frame and a vibration isolator 4. The external support structure of the explosion tank is arranged around the tank body in the external building of the explosion tank. The vibration isolator and the supporting structure are arranged in the sequence of the explosion tank outer structure substrate-supporting structure-vibration isolator-supporting structure-explosion tank body 1.
1. The periphery of the foundation pit of the semi-submersible type explosion experiment tank is reinforced and divided into a wall surface and a substrate, the main material is high-quality concrete, after the equivalent static force of the wall surface under the impact load action in the horizontal direction is calculated, the wall plate under the equivalent static force is applied to an impact action point through a plastic hinge line method for reinforcing bar design, and after the equivalent static force under the vertical impact load action and the total weight of the explosion experiment tank, the content and the supporting structure under the working state are calculated, the total force is applied to the contact surface through a plastic stranded wire method for design. The joint of the base and the wall surface is provided with a drainage channel 7, so that the requirement of the explosion experiment tank for water explosion experiment can be met.
(1) And determining the explosion shock wave intensity in the container under the experimental working condition.
For a spherical cartridge, the peak pressure of the shock wave in water at the position R from the burst is:
wherein: p is p m The unit kg is the peak pressure on the wavefront of the measuring point; k is a constant related to the nature of the explosive; w is the dosage of the medicine, and the unit kg; r is the distance from the measuring point to the center of the medicine bag, and the unit is m; alpha is a constant related to the nature of the explosive.
The decay of the blast overpressure p in the water over time t at the point of measurement can be expressed as:
p(t)＝p m ·e -t/θ (2)
wherein: θ is the underwater blast shock wave decay time constant (in s) and is determined for a spherical charge by:
duration t of action of shock wave in water on obstacle m (in s) is given by:
(2) And determining the specific impact energy of the impact wave.
When the spherical explosive bag explodes under water, the energy of the impact wave of each point determined by the fluctuation position of the surface of the fluid is equal to the work of the impact wave moving on the surface, so the energy of the impact wave generated by the underwater explosion of the explosive with unit mass can be calculated according to the following formula, and the specific impact energy (in J/kg):
wherein ρ is the density of water; c is the sound velocity in water.
(3) Using formula F d ＝αE kd /δ max Calculating equivalent static force applied to a concrete structure under the action of impact load, wherein alpha is a safety coefficient, and delta max Maximum displacement limited for design requirements. The invention gives a reference value of 0.6, and can improve the value according to specific safety degree requirements;
(4) Applying F to impact action point by plastic stranded wire method d And (5) carrying out reinforcement design on the concrete slab under the static force.
2. The supporting frame is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the main material is high-strength steel, the upper supporting frame 3 is used for connecting the explosion tank body and the vibration isolator, and the lower supporting frame 5 is used for connecting the vibration isolator and the external building substrate of the explosion tank. The method mainly aims at bearing the weight of the explosion tank and transmitting impact load, and in view of the special requirement of the explosion experiment tank supporting frame for additionally bearing impact, the optimized design method is provided on the basis of referring to steel chemical container structural design rules in China:
(1) Frame structure design references the content in "steel chemical industry container structural design rules": for the container with thinner shell wall and larger load, a rigid ring support structure is adopted, and the rigid ring support can be used for the container support according to the current industry standard part 5: rigid ring support NB/T47065.5. The present invention provides a non-standard rigid ring support structural design for reference.
(2) And determining the equivalent static force to which the frame structure is subjected under the impact load.
Obtaining the fundamental frequency f of the frame structure by a vibration mode test or a finite element simulation method n ；
The dynamic scaling factor λ is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein T is d For the duration of the impact load, from equation (4); f (f) n Is the fundamental frequency of the frame structure;
calculating the equivalent static force F of the frame structure under the impact load according to the following formula s ：
F s ＝λPS (7)
Wherein P is the peak value of the impact load, which is obtained by the formula (1); s is the contact area between the supporting structure and the experimental tank;
(3) Reference industry standard container support part 5: rigid ring support (NB/T47065.5), equivalent static load F is added in vertical load W of container s And (5) performing strength check.
3. The vibration isolator is arranged on the supporting structure in a 45-degree annular mode, and the vibration isolator is selected according to the full-load mass of the tank body and the maximum explosion load borne by the explosion experiment tank. The design of the vibration isolator is divided into two parts, namely a selection type vibration isolator and an installation type vibration isolator. Regarding the installation, 8 vibration isolators are installed at an even interval of 45 degrees in the circumferential direction by taking the center of the supporting frame as the center, and the vibration isolators are installed above the position where the beam of the supporting frame is located, so that the load is effectively transmitted, and the center distance of the vibration isolators installed diagonally cannot be too close to prevent overturning. Regarding type selection, the utilization rate (the utilization rate eta=the actual bearing/the maximum bearing of the vibration isolator) of the vibration isolator is taken as a safety coefficient, the lower the safety coefficient is, the higher the safety is represented, the vibration isolator is selected according to the required safety, wherein in the system, the actual bearing is provided that the system is subjected to undamped simple chord motion after being excited by impact load: f=m· (g+a)/8, M being the total mass of the isolator superstructure, g being the gravitational acceleration, a being solved by the vibration equation y (t) =bcos ωt+asinωt.
4. The external supporting structure of the explosion tank is arranged on the wall surface around the explosion experiment tank, the height of the external supporting structure is the same as that of the working platform in the tank, and the installation mode is that the wall surface, the supporting frame, the rubber gasket and the air are used for counteracting the residual moment of the vibration isolator and preventing the explosion experiment tank from overturning. The design of the external supporting structure of the explosion tank mainly aims at counteracting the moment which cannot be counteracted when the vibration isolator fails accidentally and preventing the explosion experiment tank from overturning accidentally, the main materials are high-strength steel and rubber, the explosion experiment tank is divided into a working platform and a supporting structure, the supporting structure is arranged in a wall surface-steel structure-rubber gasket-air-explosion tank body, 8 layers are arranged on the wall surface in a circumferential direction, the air layer plays a role in facilitating the lifting of the explosion experiment tank and reducing the loss rate of the external supporting structure by fully utilizing the vibration isolator, and the thickness of the air layer is obtained by the following formula:
d＝A-e (8)
wherein e is the maximum compression that the rubber block can withstand; a is obtained by assuming that after the system receives impact load excitation, under the limit of working stroke of the vibration isolator, the maximum displacement amplitude generated by pendulum motion is obtained by the following formula:
wherein h is 1 、h 2 The compression stroke and the extension stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition are respectively; h is the relative height of the support frame and the vibration isolator; and R is the installation radius of the vibration isolator.
In summary, a design method of a mounting foundation of a semi-submersible type large explosion experiment tank comprises the following steps:
step 1: designed bearable size of F d Strengthening the wall surface of the foundation pit under the action of static force;
F d the calculation method of (1) is as follows:
F d ＝αE kd /δ max
wherein E is kd Specific impact energy of explosion shock waves in the experimental tank; r is R 1 The unit of the distance from the inner wall surface of the tank to the explosion center is m; w is the explosive quantity of the explosive in kg; ρ is the density of water in the experimental tank; c is the sound velocity in the water in the experimental tank; t is t m The distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 1 Is provided with a plurality of grooves, the action time of the inner wall surface of the tank,p 1 the distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 1 Peak pressure of can inner wall surface, +.>K. Alpha is a constant related to the nature of the explosive; θ 1 Is the decay time constant of the underwater explosion shock wave, and the unit is s #>Alpha is a set safety coefficient; delta max A maximum displacement limit set;
step 2: designed bearable size of F s A static acting support frame;
F s the calculation method of (1) is as follows:
F s ＝λp 2 S
s is the contact area between the support frame and the experimental tank; p is p 2 The distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 2 Is used for the support frame of the vehicle,T d the distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 2 Is>f n Is the fundamental frequency of the support frame;
step 3: splitting the support frame into an upper support frame and a lower support frame, and arranging a vibration isolator array between the upper support frame and the lower support frame; the vibration isolator array comprises x vibration isolators, wherein the x vibration isolators are uniformly arranged above the position of the beam of the support frame in the circumferential direction by taking the center of the support frame as a circle center, so that load is effectively transmitted; the vibration isolator can bear the weight of F at least G Is defined by the weight of the container;
F G ＝M·(g+a)/x
wherein M is the total mass of the experimental tank and the upper supporting frame above the vibration isolator; g is gravity acceleration, a is acceleration caused by impact load, and vibration equation y (t) =A of undamped simple chord motion is carried out after the whole experiment tank and the supporting frame are excited by the impact load 1 cosωt+A 2 solving sin ωt; a is that 1 、A 2 Representing the amplitude; ω represents the vibration frequency;
step 4: designing an external supporting structure of the experimental tank; the external supporting structure is arranged on the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit around the outer side of the upper part of the experimental tank and is used for counteracting the torque which cannot be counteracted when the vibration isolator fails accidentally, so as to prevent the experimental tank from overturning; an air layer with the thickness of B is reserved between the external supporting structure and the experimental tank;
B＝A 3 -e m
wherein e m The maximum compression amount which can be born by the elastic gasket; a is that 3 The maximum displacement amplitude generated by the pendulum motion of the experimental tank under the limit of the working stroke of the vibration isolator is shown; h is a 1 The compression stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is set; h is a 2 The stretching stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is set; h is the relative height of the support frame and the vibration isolator; r is R 3 Radius of installation for vibration isolator；
Step 5: and (3) constructing a semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank system according to the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit, the supporting frame, the vibration isolator and the external supporting structure in the steps 1 to 4.
The invention provides a standard design scheme of an installation foundation of a complete explosion experiment tank, and the concrete design scheme of each part in the scheme is provided by giving out the appearance parameters of the explosion experiment tank, the quality under the full load condition and the impact load in the horizontal and vertical directions which can be generated by the explosion experiment tank under the rated working condition.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The design method of the installation foundation of the semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: designed bearable size of F d Strengthening the wall surface of the foundation pit under the action of static force;
F d the calculation method of (1) is as follows:
F d ＝αE kd /δ max
wherein E is kd Specific impact energy of explosion shock waves in the experimental tank; r is R 1 The unit of the distance from the inner wall surface of the tank to the explosion center is m; w is the explosive quantity of the explosive in kg; ρ is the density of water in the experimental tank; c is the sound velocity in the water in the experimental tank; t is t m For the distance between the underwater explosion shock wavesThe distance of the explosion center is R 1 Is provided with a plurality of grooves, the action time of the inner wall surface of the tank,p 1 the distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 1 Peak pressure of can inner wall surface, +.>K. Alpha is a constant related to the nature of the explosive; θ 1 Is the decay time constant of the underwater explosion shock wave, and the unit is s #>Alpha is a set safety coefficient; delta max A maximum displacement limit set;
step 2: designed bearable size of F s A static acting support frame;
F s the calculation method of (1) is as follows:
F s ＝λp 2 S
s is the contact area between the support frame and the experimental tank; p is p 2 The distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 2 Is used for the support frame of the vehicle,T d the distance between the pair of the underwater explosion shock waves and the explosion center is R 2 Is>f n Is the fundamental frequency of the support frame;
step 3: splitting the support frame into an upper support frame and a lower support frame, and arranging a vibration isolator array between the upper support frame and the lower support frame; by a means ofThe vibration isolator array comprises x vibration isolators, wherein the x vibration isolators are uniformly arranged above the position of a beam of the support frame in the circumferential direction by taking the center of the support frame as a circle center, and transmit load; the vibration isolator can bear the weight of F at least G Is defined by the weight of the container;
F G ＝M·(g+a)/x
wherein M is the total mass of the experimental tank and the upper supporting frame above the vibration isolator; g is gravity acceleration, a is acceleration caused by impact load, and vibration equation y (t) =A of undamped simple chord motion is carried out after the whole experiment tank and the supporting frame are excited by the impact load 1 cosωt+A 2 solving sin ωt; a is that 1 、A 2 Representing the amplitude; ω represents the vibration frequency;
step 4: designing an external supporting structure of the experimental tank; the external supporting structure is arranged on the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit around the outer side of the upper part of the experimental tank and is used for counteracting the torque which cannot be counteracted when the vibration isolator fails accidentally; an air layer with the thickness of B is reserved between the external supporting structure and the experimental tank;
B＝A 3 -e m
wherein e m The maximum compression amount which can be born by the elastic gasket; a is that 3 The maximum displacement amplitude generated by the pendulum motion of the experimental tank under the limit of the working stroke of the vibration isolator is shown; h is a 1 The compression stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is set; h is a 2 The stretching stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is set; h is the relative height of the support frame and the vibration isolator; r is R 3 The installation radius of the vibration isolator is set;
step 5: and (3) constructing a semi-submersible large explosion experiment tank system according to the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit, the supporting frame, the vibration isolator and the external supporting structure in the steps 1 to 4.
2. A semi-submersible large scale according to claim 1The design method of the installation foundation of the explosion experiment tank is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step 1, reinforced concrete is adopted for the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit, and the impact action point is applied with the size of F by a plastic stranded wire method d And (5) carrying out reinforcement design on the concrete slab under the static force.
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