CN115753889A - Experimental device for research temperature and pressure explosive building internal explosion energy release mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device for studying the explosion energy release mechanism in a thermobaric explosive building. A number of sensor auxiliary fixing mechanisms are arranged around the center, and the sensor auxiliary fixing mechanism includes a vertical sensor bracket arranged fan-shaped around the central point of the main building, and a mounting seat arranged on the main building; the test system includes: a shock wave test unit , thermal effect test unit, quasi-static pressure test unit, oxygen consumption test unit. The present invention sets up a rectangular airtight structure, a sensor-assisted fixing mechanism and a test system built in conjunction with a rectangular building to reflect the real energy release process and the propagation process of the damage element under the constraints of limited space, and to record each stage The change characteristics of temperature and heat flux make it feasible to study the propagation law of multiple damage elements.

Description

An Experimental Device for Studying Explosion Energy Release Mechanism of Thermobaric Explosives in Buildings

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of explosion and engineering protection, in particular to an experimental device for studying the explosion energy release mechanism of thermobaric explosives in buildings.

Background technique

Thermobaric explosives are composed of high explosives, high calorific value metal powder and other additives, and mainly use high-intensity shock waves and temperature to damage targets. For a confined space, the shock wave generated by the explosion of thermobaric explosives cannot be diffused immediately due to the space limitation, the shock wave will be reflected on the wall multiple times, and the incident wave and the reflected wave will superimpose each other and then act on the wall repeatedly, making The peak value of the overpressure in the space is greatly increased, and the duration is also significantly prolonged; secondly, the explosion product gas produced by the thermobaric explosive cannot expand and diffuse in time, and is evenly distributed in the confined space, forming a quasi-static pressure with a long duration and relatively stable magnitude ;Finally, because the afterburning effect of thermobaric explosives will have a certain influence on the propagation process of the explosion shock wave, the reflection pressure of the shock wave wall, and the quasi-static pressure, the failure mode of thermobaric explosives in a confined space is the coupling effect of multiple damage elements Yes, compared with traditional high explosives, the damage effect of thermobaric explosives is reflected in the long duration and high-intensity shock wave pressure and temperature. Therefore, in a confined space, the energy release process of thermobaric explosives and the propagation law of damage elements are worthy of focus. .

Build a rectangular building model, combined with the protective door structure, to form a rectangular building airtight space. The explosion shock wave, temperature, oxygen consumption, quasi-static pressure and other damage elements are tested in the confined space, and the time-space distribution and propagation law of the thermobaric explosive in the confined space are obtained, and then the explosion release of the thermobaric explosive in the confined environment is analyzed. The propagation law of energy process and damage elements. However, there is currently no model to study the explosion energy release process and the propagation law of damage elements in the confined space of thermobaric explosives. Most of them only study shock waves, temperature or quasi-static pressure, and cannot perform coupling analysis, which cannot describe thermobaric explosives well. Multi-damage meta-propagation law.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism of thermobaric explosives in building for the deficiencies of existing thermobaric explosive explosion energy release process and multi-damage element propagation test device and test technology, which can be used to carry out It is a rectangular building device used to study the explosion energy release process of thermobaric explosives and the law of damage propagation in the explosion tests of thermobaric explosives with different equivalent gradients and different formulations.

The invention is an experimental device for studying the explosive energy release mechanism of thermobaric explosives in a building, and is characterized in that: an experimental body and a testing system;

The experimental subject includes: a main building and a protective door arranged on the main building. Several sensor auxiliary fixing mechanisms are arranged around the center inside the main building, and the sensor auxiliary fixing mechanism includes a fan-shaped Arranged vertical sensor brackets, installation seats set on the ground, side walls, and top of the main building;

The test system includes:

The shock wave test unit collects the pressure and shock wave velocity data of the air shock wave in the experimental body;

The thermal effect test unit collects the temperature of the fireball produced by the internal explosion of thermobaric explosives when it moves in the experimental body, and deduces the evolution process of the fireball in the near area of detonation;

The pressure test unit collects the quasi-static pressure data in the main body of the experiment;

The oxygen consumption test unit measures the oxygen consumption percentage of the fuel particles at the location during the shock wave propagation.

Further, the main building is a rectangular building.

Further, the shock wave test unit includes:

The air overpressure sensor adopts a pen-shaped free-field sensor, which is arranged on the vertical sensor bracket, and the needle points of the pen-shaped free-field sensor all point to the explosion center position;

The ground pressure sensor and the side wall pressure sensor adopt a rod-type PCB pressure sensor, and the rod-type PCB pressure sensor is arranged in the mounting seat, and its sensitive surface is arranged in close contact with the ground or wall of the main building;

Both the pen-shaped free-field sensor and the rod-type PCB pressure sensor are coated with a thin layer of silicone grease.

Further, the number of the pen-shaped free-field sensors is ≥5.

Further, the number of the rod-type PCB pressure sensors is more than or equal to 17, of which 7 are arranged on the ground of the main building, and the rest of the rod-type PCB sensors are arranged on both side walls of the main building.

Further, the thermal effect test unit includes:

The contact thermocouple is fixed on the vertical sensor bracket, and captures the temperature change characteristics of each stage of the thermobaric explosive explosion energy release within the range of the explosive equivalent;

The heat flow meter is fixed on the vertical sensor bracket to capture the heat flow density of each stage of the thermobaric explosive within the explosive equivalent range.

Further, the pressure test unit includes quasi-static pressure sensors, the number of which is ≥ 2, which are set in the circular tank-type mounting base and installed on the walls on both sides, and the planes of the quasi-static pressure sensors are attached to the wall.

Further, the oxygen consumption test unit includes two oxygen concentration sensors, which are respectively fixed on the axis of the ground of the main building and at the corner of the wall.

Further, a sealing strip is provided at the frame of the protective door.

Further, the mounting seat is a round pot type.

Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention responds to the real energy release process under the internal explosion of thermobaric explosives under the constraint of limited space by setting up a rectangular airtight structure, setting up a sensor auxiliary fixing mechanism and a test system built with a rectangular building As well as the propagation process of damage elements, the temperature and heat flux variation characteristics of each stage are recorded, which makes it feasible to study the propagation law of multiple damage elements, and provides a basis for the energy release process and the propagation law of damage elements in thermobaric explosives.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Figure 1-1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Figure 1-2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the rectangular building sensor auxiliary fixing mechanism.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of pen-shaped free-field sensors in the main building.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the ground layout of the rod-shaped PCB sensor in the main building.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the wall layout of the rod-shaped PCB sensor in the main building.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the time-history evolution process of air shock wave overpressure in a rectangular building in a temperature-pressure implosion test.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the time-history evolution process of the ground pressure in a rectangular building in the temperature-pressure implosion test.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the time-history evolution process of the pressure on the side wall of a rectangular building in the temperature-pressure implosion test.

Figure 8 shows the thermocouple temperature test results of the temperature-pressure implosion test.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the oxygen concentration change in the temperature-pressure implosion test.

In the figure: 1. Main building; 2. Protective door; 3. Vertical sensor bracket; 4. Round pot mount; 5. Rod type PCB pressure sensor; 6. Pencil free field sensor; 7. Heat flow meter; Quasi-static pressure sensor; 9. Thermocouple temperature sensor; 10. Oxygen concentration sensor; 11. Detonation heart.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Please refer to Figure 1-4, an experimental device for studying the explosive energy release mechanism of thermobaric explosives in a building, including: an experimental body and a test system;

The main body of the experiment includes: a rectangular main building 1 and a protective door 2 arranged on the main building 1. The main building 1 is formed by pouring reinforced concrete, and several sensor auxiliary fixing mechanisms are arranged around the center inside it. The sensor auxiliary fixing mechanism includes a vertical sensor bracket 3 arranged fan-shaped around the central point of the main building 1 , and a round pot mounting seat 4 arranged on the ground, side walls, and top of the main building 1 . PVC pipes are reserved on the ground and walls of the main building 1 for the communication data cables of the sensors to pass through. The frame of the protective door 2 is provided with a sealing rubber strip, which is sealed by the sealing rubber strip before detonation, and the pipeline connected with the outside world is sealed with a rubber strip after the test wire is connected, so that the main building 1 and the protective door 2 are formed. Confined space is used for experiments.

The test system includes: a shock wave test unit, a thermal effect test unit, a pressure test unit and an oxygen consumption test unit.

The shock wave test unit is mainly used to collect the pressure and shock wave velocity data of the air shock wave in the experimental body. Including air overpressure sensor, ground pressure sensor and side wall pressure sensor.

The air overpressure sensor uses a pencil-shaped free-field sensor 6 to convert the collected stress signal into an electrical signal for recording and storage. The number of said pen-shaped free-field sensors 6 is not less than 5, distributed around the center of the main building 1 in a fan shape, installed on the vertical sensor bracket 3, and its needle point points to the position of the explosion center 11. The pen-shaped free-field sensor 6 is a high-response frequency sensor with a response time within 1us and a sampling frequency of 1MHz/s, which is used to record the time-course change of the air shock wave pressure in the tunnel and in the free-field space during the energy release process of the thermobaric explosive explosion , the range is between 0.34MPa-3.4MPa, it can collect the time-history curve of the shock wave with the wave velocity of 350-2000m/s.

The ground pressure sensor and the side wall pressure sensor adopt a rod-type PCB pressure sensor 5, which converts the collected mechanical signals into electrical signals for recording and storage. The rod-type PCB pressure sensor 5 is arranged in the round pot-type mounting seat 4 , and its sensitive surface is attached to the ground or wall of the main building 1 . The number is not less than 17, and 17 are used in this embodiment, 7 of which are distributed and installed on the ground of the rectangular main building 1, and the remaining 10 rod-type PCB pressure sensors 5 are installed on the walls on both sides of the rectangular main building 1. The rod-type PCB pressure sensor 5 is a high-response frequency sensor, the response time is within 1us, and the sensor range is between 0.34MPa-6.8MPa, which can control the afterburning effect of fuel particles under the constraints of the tunnel floor and wall Take measurements.

The pen-shaped free-field sensor 6 and the rod-type PCB pressure sensor 5 are coated with a thin layer of silicone grease, which is used to isolate the instantaneous high temperature carried by the explosion fireball, so that the pen-shaped free-field sensor 6 and the rod-type PCB pressure sensor 5 are in working condition. temperature range.

The thermal effect test unit is mainly used to collect the temperature of the fireball produced by the internal explosion of the thermobaric explosive when it moves in the main body of the experiment, and deduce the evolution process of the fireball in the vicinity of the detonation. It includes a contact thermocouple temperature sensor 9 and a heat flow meter 7 . The thermocouple temperature sensor 9 is fixedly arranged on the vertical sensor bracket 3, and captures the temperature change characteristics of each stage of the thermobaric explosive explosion energy release within the explosion equivalent range; the heat flow meter 7 is fixed on the vertical sensor bracket 3, capture the heat flux of each stage of the thermobaric explosive within the explosive equivalent range.

The quasi-static pressure test unit includes quasi-static pressure sensors 8, the number of which is ≥ 2, arranged in the round pot mounting base 4, and installed on the walls on both sides. The plane of the quasi-static pressure sensors 8 is attached to the wall surface. Combined, it is used to collect the quasi-static pressure data in the main building 1 of the experiment.

The oxygen consumption test unit uses two oxygen concentration sensors 10, which are respectively fixed on the axis of the ground of the main building 1 and at the corner of the wall, to measure the oxygen consumption percentage of the fuel particles at the location during the shock wave propagation process.

This embodiment is an experimental device for studying the process of implosion energy release of thermobaric explosives and the propagation law of multiple damage elements. The internal size of the main building 1 is 3.4m*2.4m*2.2m, the thickness of the protective door is 0.1m, and the cross-sectional size is 1.6m*0.9m. The vertical sensor support inside the main building 1 is distributed in an involute around the central point of 0.8m, and the distance increases by 0.2m in turn. The round tank mounting base 4 is pre-buried on the axis and diagonal of the ground and wall respectively. On the axis, the projection positions of the explosion center 11 are distributed at intervals of 0.5m, and the points on the diagonal are 0.8m from the projection position of the explosion center 11. According to the 0.4m interval distribution, the measuring points on the side wall surface are distributed along the axis at an interval of 0.5m from the projection position of the blast center 11, and all the round tank mounting seats 4 are connected with PVC pipes. A pen-shaped free-field sensor 6 is installed on the vertical sensor bracket 3, and the ranges from the closest to the farthest are: 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 1.7MPa. The rod-type PCB pressure sensor 5 is installed on the pre-buried round pot mounting seat 4 on the ground and side walls. The ranges of the rod-type PCB pressure sensor 5 on the ground field are: 6.9MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4 MPa, 1.38MPa, 1.38MPa, the measuring ranges of the rod type PCB pressure sensor 5 on both sides of the wall are: 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4MPa, 3.4 MPa. On all the vertical sensor supports 3, the platinum-rhodium wire thermocouple temperature sensor 9 and the heat flow meter 7 are fixed simultaneously. Two oxygen concentration sensors 10 are installed inside the rectangular main building 1, respectively located at the midpoints of the bottoms of the walls on both sides. After commissioning the above test system, the temperature and pressure explosion tests with the doses of 100g, 150g, 300g, 400g and 500g were carried out, and some test results are shown in Figure 5-9. Combining the change characteristics of oxygen concentration, pressure time history curve and temperature time history curve, we can see the real energy release process under the internal explosion of thermobaric explosive under the constraint of limited space. It is proved that the rectangular building test device proposed by the patent of the present invention is effective.

According to the airtight method of the protective door 2 and the round pot mounting seat 4 adopted in the present invention, the airtight performance of the rectangular main building 1 is greatly improved, and the explosion test in the airtight space can be carried out. All data wires in the experimental device are wrapped with cable protection tubes, and fixed with Teflon tape and vertical brackets to prevent signal fluctuations caused by the shock wave disturbance of the wires.

The present invention carries out various explosion experiments of different equivalents, different thermobaric explosive formulations, and zero oxygen balance around the rectangular main building 1, and can study the propagation law of the internal explosion damage elements of thermobaric explosives in the rectangular building from multiple aspects.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An experimental device for researching an explosion energy release mechanism in a warm-pressing explosive building is characterized in that: comprises an experiment main body and a test system;

the experimental subject, comprising: the sensor auxiliary fixing mechanism comprises a vertical sensor support arranged in a sector mode around the central point of the main building and mounting seats arranged on the ground, side walls and the top of the main building;

the test system comprises:

the shock wave testing unit is used for acquiring pressure and shock wave speed data of air shock waves in the experiment main body;

the thermal effect testing unit is used for acquiring the temperature of a fireball generated by explosion in the thermal pressure explosive when the fireball moves in the experiment main body and deducing the fireball evolution process in the near detonation region;

the quasi-static pressure test unit is used for acquiring quasi-static pressure data in the experiment main body;

and the oxygen consumption test unit is used for measuring the oxygen consumption percentage of the fuel particles at the position in the shock wave propagation process.

2. The experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism in the warm-pressure explosive building according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the main building is a rectangular building.

3. The experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism in the warm-pressure explosive building according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the shock wave test unit includes:

the air overpressure sensor adopts a pen-shaped free field sensor and is arranged on the vertical sensor bracket, and the needle points of the pen-shaped free field sensor point to the position of the explosive core;

the ground pressure sensor and the side wall surface pressure sensor adopt rod-type PCB pressure sensors, the rod-type PCB pressure sensors are arranged in the mounting seat, and the sensitive surfaces of the rod-type PCB pressure sensors are attached to the ground or the wall surface of the main building;

and thin silicone grease layers are coated on the pen-shaped free field sensor and the rod-type PCB pressure sensor.

4. The experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism in the warm-pressure explosive building according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the number of the pen-shaped free field sensors is more than or equal to 5.

5. The experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism in the warm-pressure explosive building according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the number of the rod type PCB pressure sensors is more than or equal to 17, 7 of the rod type PCB pressure sensors are arranged on the ground of the main building, and the rest rod type PCB pressure sensors are arranged on the side wall surfaces of two sides of the main building.

6. The experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism in the warm-pressure explosive building according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thermal effect test unit includes:

the contact type thermocouple is fixed on the vertical sensor bracket and is used for capturing the temperature change characteristics of each stage of the explosive energy release of the pressure explosive within the explosion equivalent range;

and the heat flow meter is fixed on the vertical sensor bracket and is used for capturing the heat flow density of each stage of the pressure explosive in the explosion equivalent range.

7. The experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism in the warm-pressure explosive building according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the quasi-static pressure test unit comprises a quasi-static pressure sensor, the quasi-static pressure sensor is arranged in the round tank type mounting seat and is mounted on walls on two sides, and the plane of the quasi-static pressure sensor is attached to the walls.

8. The experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism in the warm-pressure explosive building according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the oxygen consumption test unit comprises two oxygen concentration sensors which are respectively and fixedly arranged on the axis of the ground of the main building and at the corner position.

9. The experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism in the warm-pressure explosive building according to claim 1 is characterized in that: and a sealing rubber strip is arranged at the frame of the protective door.

10. The experimental device for researching the explosion energy release mechanism in the warm-pressure explosive building according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mounting seat is of a round tank type.

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