CN105548288A - Three-dimensional multi-direction detection flame sensor based on electrical capacitance tomography and detection system - Google Patents
Three-dimensional multi-direction detection flame sensor based on electrical capacitance tomography and detection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional multi-direction detection flame sensor based on electrical capacitance tomography and a detection system and belongs to the technical field of electrical tomography. The detection sensor is composed of an insulating base and a basic body. The insulating base and the basic body are each evenly provided with eight electrodes, and the open three-dimensional multi-direction detection flame sensor is formed. A plasma flame burner is arranged in an insulating cylinder. Measuring electrodes of the detection system are composed of insulating electrode plates, the base electrodes longitudinally detect a measurement area, the annular electrode plates transversely detect the measurement area, and then three-dimensional multi-direction detection on flames is achieved. Information about transverse detection on the measurement area is added, the intensity of a sensitivity field in the measurement area is effectively enhanced, three-dimensional images can be re-established, the defects that traditional three-dimensional detection is low in resolution and large in error in the axial direction are well overcome, and detection reliability is improved. Thus, the flame detection sensor can be applied to wider measuring objects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electricity imaging technique, particularly one is based on the 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor of capacitance chromatography imaging (ECT) and detection system.
Background technology
Electrical capacitance tomography (ElectricalCapacitanceTomographyECT) be a kind of medicine CT to be combined with modern detecting, the Novel visual monitoring technology that can be used in polyphasic flow detection field.Mainly through being arranged on the capacitance sensor array of pipeline periphery, obtain the interelectrode capacity value between the different sensors battery lead plate in measured zone, again through data acquisition system (DAS) and corresponding signal transacting and image reconstruction algorithm, reconstruct the two-dimensional/three-dimensional information of measured zone inside, realize the Noninvasive testing to process device.
Traditional acoustics and thermal properties flame detecting method, be difficult to accurate use because its detecting device is subject to the interference of other thermals source of boiler and sound source, can not meet the requirement of large power generating equipment to safe operation.More feasible research direction mainly contains optical method and electric method at present, and the present invention is based on electricity chromatography imaging technique (ECT).Flame is heart circular hole combustion in the sensor, due to flame ionization effect, the electron ion of sensor internal medium is caused to change, eight electrode slices are caused to measure the change of capacitance, thus the change of capacitance reflects the change of interior media, has also reflected the distribution situation of this moment medium simultaneously.By data acquisition system (DAS), capacitance signal is reflected in computing machine, utilizes certain algorithm to carry out image reconstruction, internal flame image can be obtained, realize visual fire defector.
Traditional ECT three-dimensional reconstruction mode is the measurement capacitance by obtaining between all pole plates in sustained height layer pair, according to two-dimensional image array on this layer obtained, then carries out valuation extension by method of interpolation in the axial direction, obtains three-dimensional reconstruction image.This three-dimensional rebuilding method obviously has inevitable error, is therefore called pseudo-three-dimensional reconstruction by many scholars.The present invention devises the open multidirectional detecting sensor that can realize three-dimensional visualization fire defector.Owing to can obtain the three-dimensional measurement capacitance matrix based on differing heights layer based on this sensor, and directly calculate three-dimensional sensitivity field, thus can carry out three-dimensional image reconstruction truly.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor based on capacitance chromatography imaging and detection system, it is characterized in that, described 3 D multi-directional detecting sensor is the flame detection sensor based on capacitance tomography system.This detecting sensor is made up of insulator foot and matrix two parts, respectively comprises eight electrodes, the multidirectional flame detection sensor of composition open three dimensional; The plating of the upper plane decile of described insulator foot eight base electrode, the interval angles α between base electrode pole plate is 5 °; Described matrix is one section of resistant to elevated temperatures corundum cylinder, on the barrel excircle of corundum cylinder decile fix eight ring electrodes, on the distance insulator foot upper bed-plate electrode of ring electrode bottom, the height of plane is 60mm; Radome to be enclosed within outside corundum cylinder and ground connection; Potential electrode is made up of jointly base electrode sheet and ring electrode, has electroplated resistant to elevated temperatures insulation shielding material in the gap between two between electrode, for separating potential electrode, reduces the error of interelectrode capacity when measuring;
The axial height of described corundum cylinder is 200mm, inside radius 80mm, and external radius is 88mm, and pipe thickness is 8mm.
Described base electrode material is resistant to elevated temperatures stainless steel, and inner arc radius is 40mm, and outer arc radius is 80mm.
Described ring electrode material is resistant to elevated temperatures stainless steel, and thickness is 5mm, and axial height is 80mm.
Described radome is the stainless steel cylinder that diameter is greater than corundum cylinder.
The detection system of the described 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor based on capacitance chromatography imaging, it is characterized in that, the base electrode of 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor and the not conducting mutually insulated from each other of annular electro pole piece, base electrode and annular electro pole piece composition potential electrode, data acquisition system (DAS) connects imaging system and potential electrode respectively; Shielding material between base electrode and annular electro pole piece is connected with radome and ground connection; Plasma flame burner is placed in 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor, and connects on the snorkel between two flowmeters by snorkel; Wherein, a flowmeter is connected with methane gas tank by a stop valve; Another flowmeter is connected with decompressor and buffer tank by another stop valve; Buffer tank is equipped with tensimeter.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that this sensor abandons the plane two-dimensional structure of traditional sensors full symmetric in measured zone in design, electrode slice is made as the hierarchy that base electrode sheet and annular electro pole piece combine; The present invention is on the basis of the three-dimensional full open model sensor of base, after adding eight annular electro pole pieces of barrel outside on base portion, achieve and the transverse direction of measured zone is detected and the information fusion longitudinally detected, strengthen the intensity of sensitivity field in upper zone, overcome three-dimensional sensitivity field " soft field " characteristic spatially preferably, effectively improve imaging precision.Compared with prior art, it is advantageous that, the capacitance between the battery lead plate that not only can obtain traditional identical height layer, the capacitance between the battery lead plate that can also obtain differing heights layer.And the change of working medium dielectric coefficient in differing heights layer measured zone can be detected in the axial direction due to base portion sensor, have three-dimensional character, overcoming conventional three-dimensional, to detect resolution in the axial direction low, and the shortcoming that error is large, improves the reliability detected.Thus make this flame detection sensor can be applicable to wider measuring object.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the multidirectional detecting sensor structural representation of three-dimensional open based on ECT imaging system.
Fig. 2 is the insulator foot structural representation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that ECT detects plasma flame experimental provision schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 traditional sensors schematic diagram.
The multidirectional detecting sensor schematic diagram of the three-dimensional full open model of Fig. 5.
The sensitivity field image of wherein representational electrode pair chosen by Fig. 63 D multi-directional detecting sensor and three-dimensional full open model sensor on the height layer apart from base plane being 60mm, wherein,
(a) full open model three-dimension sensor on H=60mm height layer adjacent electrode between sensitivity field image
(b) full open model three-dimension sensor on H=60mm height layer comparative electrode between sensitivity field image
The sensitivity field image of (c) full open model three-dimension sensor on H=60mm height layer between any electrode pair
(d) 3 D multi-directional detecting sensor on H=60mm height layer adjacent electrode between sensitivity field image
(e) 3 D multi-directional detecting sensor on H=60mm height layer comparative electrode between sensitivity field image
The sensitivity field image of (f) 3 D multi-directional detecting sensor on H=60mm height layer between any electrode pair
Number in the figure: 1-insulator foot, 2-base electrode, 3-corundum cylinder, 4-ring electrode, 5-potential electrode, 6-radome, 7-plasma flame burner, 8-data acquisition system (DAS), 9-imaging system, 10-tensimeter, 11-buffer tank, 12-decompressor, 13-first stop valve, the first-class gauge of 14-, 15-second gauge, 16-second stop valve, 17-methane gas tank.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor based on capacitance chromatography imaging and detection system, be explained below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1, Figure 2 shows that the multidirectional flame detection sensor structural representation of three-dimensional open based on ECT imaging system.3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor shown in figure is the multidirectional flame detection sensor of open three dimensional based on capacitance chromatography imaging, and this detecting sensor is made up of insulator foot 1 and matrix two parts; Matrix is one section of resistant to elevated temperatures corundum cylinder 3, and the axial height of corundum cylinder 3 is 200mm, inside radius 80mm, and external radius is 88mm, and pipe thickness is 8mm.Be divided into, respectively comprise eight electrodes, the multidirectional flame detection sensor of composition open three dimensional; Wherein, in plating eight base electrode 2 of the upper plane decile of insulator foot 1, the interval angles α between the plate of base electrode pole 2 is 5 °, and base electrode 1 adopts resistant to elevated temperatures stainless steel material, inner arc radius is 40mm, and outer arc radius is the bottom that 80mm embeds corundum cylinder 3; On corundum cylinder 3 barrel excircle, decile fixes eight ring electrodes 4, and ring electrode 4 adopts resistant to elevated temperatures stainless steel, and thickness is 5mm, and axial height is 80mm; The height of base electrode 2 plane on the distance insulator foot 1 of ring electrode 4 bottom is 60mm.
Because measurand is flame, temperature of combustion is usually at thousands of degrees Celsius, and the senor operating temperature upper limit that traditional soldering process makes is only at about 300 DEG C, thus common insulating material cannot meet with conventional method for making the actual needs measuring flame.The present invention have selected resistant to elevated temperatures insulating material 95 porcelain in the sensor base of bearing flame higher temperature and is made into corundum cylinder, and insulator foot 1 is also have selected resistant to elevated temperatures insulating material 95 porcelain to make; Each method for making its electrode also improves traditional handicraft, adopts electrochemical plating, by the outside surface of electrode plating in corundum cylinder 3 barrel and the upper surface of insulator foot 1; Eight base electrode sheets 2 and eight ring electrode 4 not conductings mutually insulated from each other form the potential electrode 5 of detection system; After this flame detection sensor improves, by test, the highest can resistance to 1500 DEG C of high temperature, meet the requirement of combustion experiment.
Figure 3 shows that ECT detects plasma flame experimental provision schematic diagram.The detection system of the 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor based on capacitance chromatography imaging shown in figure be by eight base electrode sheets 2 and eight ring electrodes 4 insulated from each other, not conducting forms the potential electrode 5 of detection system mutually, radome 6 is greater than the stainless steel cylinder of corundum cylinder 3 for diameter, is enclosed within ground connection outside corundum cylinder 3; Plasma flame burner 7 is placed in 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor, and is connected on the snorkel between first-class gauge 14 and second gauge 15 by snorkel; Wherein, second gauge 15 is connected with methane gas tank 17 by the second stop valve 16; First-class gauge 14 is connected with decompressor 12 and buffer tank 11 by the first stop valve 13; Buffer tank 11 is equipped with tensimeter 10; Secondly, data acquisition system (DAS) 8 connects imaging system 9 and potential electrode 5 respectively.
In traditional capacitance tomography system, by the capacitance between two between battery lead plate on identical height layer, obtain the capacitance value data (as shown in Figure 4) in this section gauge region, the two-dimensional sensitive field in this plane is obtained in conjunction with two dimensional finite element method, by corresponding image reconstruction algorithm, obtain the grey value profile information in this cross section, then by carrying out linear interpolation in the height direction, realize three-dimensional image reconstruction.And sensor provided by the invention, except the capacitance between height layer pole plate identical in survey sensor, as solid arrow direction in Fig. 5, also the capacitance between differing heights layer pole plate will be obtained, as direction pointed by dotted arrow in Fig. 5, containing axial information in the capacitance now obtained, is three-dimensional measurement capacitance matrix.
For ECT system, another important element obtaining measured zone reconstruction image is sensitivity field.Two-dimensional cross sectional sensitivity field can only be obtained based on traditional sensor, and for 16 electrode sensors that the present invention adopts, three-dimensional electric field value is drawn by FEM (finite element) calculation, again as follows dot product addition is carried out to it, can obtain the approximate treatment result of three-dimensional sensitivity field, specific formula for calculation is as follows:
S(n,k)＝E(n,xi)*E(n,xj)+E(n,yi)*E(n,yj)+E(n,zi)*E(n,zj)，
Wherein: n=1,2 ... 64*64; K=1,2 ... 66; I=1,2 ... 16; J=1,2 ... 16; S (n, k)-expression sensitivity field matrix; E (n, xi), E (n, yi), E (n, zi)-expression electric field x, y, z side's upward component; Can find out, this sensitivity field also contains axial information, is three-dimensional imaging sensitivity field matrix.
Required for image reconstruction two large factors: measurement capacitance matrix and sensitivity field matrix all contain axial information, for three-dimensional matrice, therefore without the need at once directly obtaining three-dimensional reconstruction image by the linear interpolation in two-dimensional imaging cross section, the three-dimensional imaging to measuring object is achieved.Because this sensor substantially increases the axial resolution rebuilding image, thus analyze flame differing heights Rotating fields according to the measurement result of this system just more reliable.And to add on barrel after eight ring electrodes, compared with three-dimensional full open model eight electrode capacitance sensor originally, enhance measuring-signal, strengthen the intensity of sensitivity field in distance pedestal sensor plane region far away, make, in wider region, there is good imaging effect.
In order to illustrate that this 3 D multi-directional detecting sensor has the effect strengthening axial sensitivity field intensity, choose itself and the contrast images of three-dimensional full open model sensor at identical height layer plane sensitivity field; The sensitivity field image chosen on the height layer that distance base sensor plane is 60mm wherein between representational electrode pair as shown in Figure 6, as (a) (b) (c) in Fig. 6 is respectively the sensitivity field image between adjacent on H=60mm height layer, relative, any electrode pair of full open model three-dimension sensor, (d) (e) (f) is respectively the sensitivity field image between adjacent on H=60mm height layer, relative, any electrode pair of 3 D multi-directional detecting sensor.Can find out, the more three-dimensional full open model sensor of 3 D multi-directional detecting sensor, owing to having merged the horizontal Detection Information to measured zone, enhance sensitivity field intensity in the higher measured zone in axial distance bottom electrode sheet position, make image reconstruction have better precision, improve imaging reliability.
Claims (6)
1. the 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor based on capacitance chromatography imaging, it is characterized in that, described 3 D multi-directional detecting sensor is the flame detection sensor based on capacitance tomography system, this detecting sensor is made up of insulator foot and matrix two parts, respectively comprise eight electrodes, the multidirectional flame detection sensor of composition open three dimensional; The plating of the upper plane decile of described insulator foot eight base electrode, the interval angles α between base electrode pole plate is 5 °; Described matrix is one section of resistant to elevated temperatures corundum cylinder, on the barrel excircle of corundum cylinder decile fix eight ring electrodes, on the distance insulator foot upper bed-plate electrode of ring electrode bottom, the height of plane is 60mm; Radome to be enclosed within outside corundum cylinder and ground connection; Potential electrode is made up of jointly base electrode sheet and ring electrode, has electroplated resistant to elevated temperatures insulation shielding material in the gap between two between electrode, for separating potential electrode, reduces the error of interelectrode capacity when measuring.
2. according to claim 1 based on the 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor of capacitance chromatography imaging, it is characterized in that, the axial height of described corundum cylinder is 200mm, inside radius 80mm, and external radius is 88mm, and pipe thickness is 8mm.
3., according to claim 1 based on the 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor of capacitance chromatography imaging, it is characterized in that, described base electrode material is resistant to elevated temperatures stainless steel, and inner arc radius is 40mm, and outer arc radius is 80mm.
4., according to claim 1 based on the 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor of capacitance chromatography imaging, it is characterized in that, described ring electrode material is resistant to elevated temperatures stainless steel, and thickness is 5mm, and axial height is 80mm.
5. according to claim 1 based on the 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor of capacitance chromatography imaging, it is characterized in that, described radome is the stainless steel cylinder that diameter is greater than corundum cylinder.
6. described in a claim 1 based on the detection system of the 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor of capacitance chromatography imaging, it is characterized in that, the base electrode of 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor and the not conducting mutually insulated from each other of annular electro pole piece, base electrode and annular electro pole piece composition potential electrode, data acquisition system (DAS) connects imaging system and potential electrode respectively; Shielding material between base electrode and annular electro pole piece is connected with radome and ground connection; Plasma flame burner is placed in 3 D multi-directional flame detection sensor, and connects on the snorkel between two flowmeters by snorkel; Wherein, a flowmeter is connected with methane gas tank by a stop valve; Another flowmeter is connected with decompressor and buffer tank by another stop valve; Buffer tank is equipped with tensimeter.
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| CN107748129A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-02 | 清华大学 | A kind of detecting system and its detection method for the infiltration of porous media insulating sheet material |
| CN109900753A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of high temperature resistant capacitive array sensor based on plasma surface processing technology |
| CN109900752A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of high-temperature and high-presure resistent capacitive array sensor |
| CN111442273A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-24 | 克利尔赛恩燃烧公司 | Control system for a burner with perforated flame holder |
| CN113237569A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Visual measurement method for temperature distribution of annular combustion field |
| JP7366731B2 (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2023-10-23 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | sensor |
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| CN107748129A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-02 | 清华大学 | A kind of detecting system and its detection method for the infiltration of porous media insulating sheet material |
| CN107748129B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-02-21 | 清华大学 | Detection system and detection method for water seepage of porous medium insulating board |
| CN111442273A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-24 | 克利尔赛恩燃烧公司 | Control system for a burner with perforated flame holder |
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| CN109900752A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of high-temperature and high-presure resistent capacitive array sensor |
| JP7366731B2 (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2023-10-23 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | sensor |
| US11852623B2 (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2023-12-26 | Nabtesco Corporation | Magnetic sensor for capturing metal wear particles in suspension in a lubrication fluid |
| CN113237569A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Visual measurement method for temperature distribution of annular combustion field |
| CN113237569B (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2022-04-01 | 北京航空航天大学 | Visual measurement method for temperature distribution of annular combustion field |
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