CN103506639B - Surface-coated cutting tool - Google Patents
Surface-coated cutting tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN103506639B CN103506639B CN201310225231.8A CN201310225231A CN103506639B CN 103506639 B CN103506639 B CN 103506639B CN 201310225231 A CN201310225231 A CN 201310225231A CN 103506639 B CN103506639 B CN 103506639B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/148—Composition of the cutting inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/141—Specially shaped plate-like cutting inserts, i.e. length greater or equal to width, width greater than or equal to thickness
- B23B27/145—Specially shaped plate-like cutting inserts, i.e. length greater or equal to width, width greater than or equal to thickness characterised by having a special shape
- B23B27/146—Means to improve the adhesion between the substrate and the coating
Abstract
The present invention provides surface-coated cutting tool, and its hard coating layer plays excellent peel resistance in high rate intermittent machining, resistance to collapses knife.Surface-coated cutting tool of the invention, its underpart layer is Ti compound layers, upper layer is deposited with to be formed by α types Al2O3Hard coating layer that layer is constituted and constitute, using field emission type SEM and EBSD device, the Al couple with the near interface of lower layer2O3Crystal grain determines Al2O3The normal in (0001) face of crystal grain relative to tool base normal to a surface formed by inclination angle when, measure inclination angle in the range of 0~45 degree in the measure inclination angle is divided by every 0.25 degree of spacing, and during adding up to the inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart of the number of degrees being present in each zoning to represent, Al of the inclination angle in the range of 25~35 degree2O3The number of degrees of crystal grain add up to 30~70%, to the Al that upper layer is overall2O3When crystal grain determines inclination angle in the same manner, Al of the inclination angle in the range of 0~10 degree2O3The number of degrees of crystal grain add up to more than 60%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of surface-coated cutting tool（Hereinafter referred to as coating tool）Even if it is at a high speed and discontinuously
Impact load act on the machining that various steel or cast iron etc. are carried out under the conditions of the interrupted cut of cutting edge, hard cladding
Layer also play excellent peel resistance and it is resistance to collapse knife, and through playing excellent wear resistance for a long time.
Background technology
Conventionally, there is known generally by tungsten carbide（Hereinafter, represented with WC）Base cemented carbide or titanium carbonitride（Hereinafter, with
TiCN is represented）The matrix that based ceramic metal is constituted（Hereinafter, they are referred to as tool base）Surface on be deposited with formed by with
Under（a）And（b）The coating tool of the hard coating layer of composition：
（a）Lower layer is Ti compound layers, by the carbide of Ti（Hereinafter, represented with TiC）Layer, nitride（Hereinafter, with
TiN is represented）Layer, carbonitride（Hereinafter, represented with TiCN）Layer, oxycarbide（Hereinafter, represented with TiCO）Layer and carbon nitrogen oxidation
Thing（Hereinafter, represented with TiCNO）Layer in one layer or two-layer more than constitute,
（b）Upper layer is alumina layer（Hereinafter, represented with Al2O3 layers）, crystallized with ɑ types in the state of chemical vapor deposition
Structure.
But, above-mentioned conventional coating tool, although for example in the continuous cutting or interrupted cut of various steel or cast iron etc.
It is middle to play excellent wear resistance, but when this is used for into high speed heavy cut, high rate intermittent cutting, easily produce the stripping of clad
From, collapse knife, there is a problem of that life tools shorten.
Therefore, by suppress clad collapse knife for the purpose of, the structure to hard coating layer proposes various suggestions.
For example, as Patent Document 1, proposition has Ti compound of the Surface coating in tool base as lower layer
Layer, as the Al of upper layer2O3The coating tool of layer, wherein, by with following Al2O3Layer constitutes upper layer to realize resistance to collapsing knife
The raising of property：The Al of upper layer is determined using field emission type SEM2O3The crystal plane of crystal grain is（0001）The method in face
Line relative to surface grinding face normal formed by inclination angle, and when making inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart, in 0~10 degree of model
There is peak-peak in inclination angle zoning in enclosing, and be present in the total of the number of degrees in the range of 0~10 degree and account for inclination
The number of degrees in angle number scatter chart it is overall more than 45% ratio.
Also, for example, as shown in patent document 2, it is known that tool base Surface coating as lower layer Ti chemical combination
Nitride layer, the Al as upper layer2O3In the coating tool of layer, by with following Al2O3Layer constitutes upper layer, even if so that will be upper
The Al of portion's layer2O3During tunic thicknessization, it is also possible to realize the resistance to raising for collapsing knife：Determined using field emission type SEM
The Al of upper layer2O3The crystal plane of crystal grain is（0001）The normal in face relative to surface grinding face normal formed by inclination angle, and
When making inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart, there is peak-peak in the inclination angle zoning in the range of 12~22 degree, and
And be present in total number of degrees for accounting in the number of degrees scatter chart of inclination angle of the number of degrees in the range of 12~22 degree it is overall more than 45%
Ratio.
In addition, for example, as shown in patent document 3, proposition has Tiization of the Surface coating in tool base as lower layer
Compound layer, as the Al of upper layer2O3Layer, also, formed by Al between lower layer and upper layer2O3The reinforcement that layer is constituted
In the coating tool of layer, upper layer is by following Al2O3Layer is constituted：Upper layer is determined using field emission type SEM
Al2O3The crystal plane of crystal grain is（0001）The normal in face relative to surface grinding face normal formed by inclination angle, and make inclination
During angle number scatter chart, there is peak-peak in the inclination angle zoning in the range of 0~15 degree, and be present in 0
The ratio of more than the 50% of total number of degrees entirety accounted in the number of degrees scatter chart of inclination angle of the number of degrees in the range of~15 degree, separately
Outward, enhancement layer is by following Al2O3Layer is constituted：It is same to determine（0001）The normal in face relative to surface grinding face normal formed by
Inclination angle, and when making inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart, exist most in the inclination angle zoning in the range of 75~90 degree
Peak value, and it is present in total number of degrees entirety accounted in the number of degrees scatter chart of inclination angle of the number of degrees in the range of 75~90 degree
More than 50% ratio, be achieved in the resistance to raising for collapsing knife.
Patent document 1：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2005-205586 publications
Patent document 2：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2006-305639 publications
Patent document 3：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-185751 publications
In recent years, the high performance of topping machanism is notable, on the other hand, for the saving labourization and energy-conservation of machining
Change, the requirement of further cost degradation is strong, as it does so, machining more high speed, and exist contour negative with interrupted cut
Lotus acts on the trend of cutting edge, but present situation in above-mentioned conventional coating tool is that this is used for into steel or cast iron etc. usual
Under the conditions of continuous cutting or there is no problem during interrupted cut, but especially when this is used for into high rate intermittent machining condition, by
Constitute the lower layer of the Ti compound layers composition of hard coating layer and by Al2O3The adhesive strength of the upper layer that layer is constituted is not filled
Point, by the stripping between upper layer and lower layer, collapse the generation of the Abnormal damages such as knife and reach service life within a short period of time.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the present inventor etc. from the above point of view, in order to improve the lower layer that is made up of Ti compound layers and by
Al2O3The adhesive strength of the upper layer that layer is constituted and prevent from peeling off, collapse the generation of the Abnormal damages such as knife, and seek life tools
Long lifetime and have made intensive studies, its result is found that following opinion：
The lower layer that is made up of Ti compound layers is formed with cladding and by Al2O3The coating tool of the upper layer that layer is constituted
In, by the Al directly over the most surface layer for controlling lower layer2O3The crystalline orientation angle of inclination distributivity of crystal grain, can improve
Portion's layer and the adhesive strength of lower layer, also, by controlling the Al of upper layer entirety2O3The crystalline orientation angle of inclination of crystal grain point
Cloth such that it is able to maintain the overall high temperature hardness of upper layer and elevated temperature strength, even if therefore making in high load capacity/impact load
During for being used in the high rate intermittent cutting of cutting edge, it is also possible to suppress the stripping between upper layer and lower layer, to collapse knife etc. different
The generation for often damaging, and the cutting ability that can obtain playing excellent in long-term use coating tool.
The invention is completed according to above-mentioned opinion, with following feature：
" a kind of surface-coated cutting tool, it is constituted by tungsten carbide base carbide alloy or base titanium carbonitride
Tool base surface, evaporation formed by following（a）、（b）The hard coating layer of composition,
（a）Lower layer is Ti compound layers, the Ti compound layers by the carbide lamella of Ti, nitride layer, carbonitride layer,
More than one layer in oxycarbide layer and carbon nitrogen oxide layer or two-layer constitute, and with 3~20 μm of total average thickness,
（b）Upper layer is Al2O3Layer, the Al2O3Layer has 2~15 μm of average thickness and in the state of chemical vapor deposition
With ɑ type crystalline textures, wherein,
（c）For most surface layer and the Al of the upper layer at the interface of upper layer in lower layer2O3Crystal grain, uses Flied emission
Type SEM and EBSD device, the tool in the measurement range of its section abradant surface is present in each
There is the crystal grain irradiation electron ray of hexagoinal lattice to determine as the crystal plane of the crystal grain（0001）The normal in face relative to
Inclination angle formed by the normal to a surface of the tool base, and by the range of 0~45 degree in the measure inclination angle
Inclination angle is determined to be divided by every 0.25 degree of spacing, and to add up to inclining for the number of degrees being present in each zoning
When oblique angle number of degrees scatter chart is represented, Al of the inclination angle in the range of 25~35 degree2O3Draw at the inclination angle that is present in of crystal grain
The number of degrees in subregion it is total account in the number of degrees scatter chart of inclination angle the number of degrees are overall 30~70% ratio,
（d）The Al overall for upper layer2O3Crystal grain, is dissipated by using field emission type SEM and the electronics back of the body
Diffraction instrument is penetrated, the irradiation electronics of the crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice being present in each in the measurement range of its section abradant surface is penetrated
Line come determine the crystal grain crystal plane i.e.（0001）The normal in face relative to the tool base normal to a surface formed by
During inclination angle, the measure inclination angle in the range of 0~45 degree in the measure inclination angle is carried out by every 0.25 degree of spacing
Divide, and during adding up to the inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart of the number of degrees being present in each zoning to represent, this inclines
Al of the oblique angle in the range of 0~10 degree2O3The number of degrees being present in the inclination angle zoning of crystal grain add up to angle of inclination
The number of degrees are overall in number scatter chart more than 60%.”
Hereinafter, the structure sheaf to the hard coating layer of the coating tool of the invention is described in detail.
（a）Ti compound layers（Lower layer）：
Ti compound layers（For example, TiC layer, TiN layer, TiCN layer, TiCO layer and TiCNO layers）, basically as with α types
Crystalline texture Al2O3（Hereinafter, only with " Al2O3" represent）Layer lower layer and exist, the excellent high temperature possessed by itself
Intensity makes hard coating layer possess elevated temperature strength, in addition, moreover it is possible to adhere to tool base and Al2O3Layer, therefore with dimension
Effect of the hard coating layer relative to the adhesiveness of tool base is held, but when it adds up to average thickness to be less than 3 μm, it is impossible to fully
The effect is played, on the other hand, if it adds up to average thickness more than 20 μm, especially with thermogenetic high rate intermittent high
Easily cause pyroplastic deformation in cutting, this is the reason for causing eccentric wear, therefore added up to average thickness to be set to 3~20 μm.
（b）The most surface layer of lower layer：
In the invention, lower layer most surface layer for example by the way that implement the following processing will be directly over the layer surface of bottom
The Al of the upper layer of formation2O3Crystal grain can be deposited with into predetermined crystalline orientation angle of inclination distributional pattern（With reference to aftermentioned）.
I.e., first, be deposited with using common chemical evaporation plating device to be formed by TiC layer, TiN layer, TiCN layer, TiCO layers and
After the various Ti compound layers for more than a layer in TiCNO layers or two-layer constituting, under the following conditions by CO and CO2Mixing
Gas carries out oxidation processes, thus in following Al2O3Al is generated in layer film formation process2O3During core, can disperse to form predetermined
The Al of orientation2O3Core.
Reacting gas is constituted（Capacity %）：CO5~10%, CO25~10%, remainder H2、
Reaction atmosphere temperature：980~1040 DEG C,
Reaction atmosphere pressure：5~15kPa,
Time：1~5min.
（c）Al directly over the most surface layer of lower layer2O3Crystal grain：
By above-mentioned（b）The surface of the lower layer of film forming, for example, by evaporating Al under the following conditions2O3, thus, it is possible to
It is enough to disperse to form the Al with predetermined crystalline orientation angle of inclination distributional pattern directly over the most surface layer of lower layer2O3Core.
Reacting gas is constituted（Capacity %）：AlCl31~3%, CO21~3%, remainder H2、
Reaction atmosphere temperature：980~1040 DEG C,
Reaction atmosphere pressure：5~15kPa,
Time：5~30min.
For directly over the most surface of lower layer layer（Directly over the interface of upper layer and lower layer）What is formed is above-mentioned（c）
Al2O3Crystal grain, by using field emission type SEM and EBSD device, it is present in each
The crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice in the measurement range of section abradant surface irradiates electron ray to determine the crystal plane of the crystal grain
I.e.（0001）The normal in face relative to tool base normal to a surface formed by inclination angle, and for the most surface away from lower layer
Al within 1 μm of the film thickness direction of layer2O3Crystal grain, to add up to being present in for crystal grain of the inclination angle in the range of 25~35 degree each
When the inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart of the number of degrees in zoning is represented, with the distribution of above-mentioned crystalline orientation angle of inclination
Form（Hereinafter referred to as " interface orientation form "）Al2O3The table of total the superiors by Ti compound layers of the number of degrees of crystal grain
Especially CO in covering weave and above-mentioned evaporation condition2Gas than influence, if but with above-mentioned interface be orientated form Al2O3
Crystal grain is less than total 30% of the number of degrees in the number of degrees scatter chart of inclination angle, then upper layer Al2O3The lengthwise column of crystal grain
Tissue is formed in a slanted state relative to thickness direction, not fine lengthwise columnar grain, upper layer Al2O3With lower layer
Adhesive strength decline.On the other hand, if being orientated the Al of form with above-mentioned interface2O3The inclination angle number of degrees distribution curve of crystal grain
The number of degrees of figure it is total more than 70%, then with upper layer Al2O3's（0001）The Al of orientation inclination angle number of degrees distribution2O3Crystal grain
（It is aftermentioned）Inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart in the number of degrees Al total overall relative to upper layer2O3The number of degrees of crystal grain are whole
Body turns into less than 60%, upper layer Al2O3Elevated temperature strength decline.
Accordingly, for the Al of the upper layer directly over the interface of upper layer and lower layer2O3Crystal grain, is present in total
When the inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart of the number of degrees in each zoning is represented, by the Al with above-mentioned interface configuration2O3It is brilliant
The total of the number of degrees of grain is set to 30~70%.
Figure 1 illustrates the Al directly over the interface to lower layer and upper layer2O3The interface orientation shape that crystal grain is measured
The Al of state2O3One of the inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart of crystal grain.
（d）The Al of upper layer2O3Crystal grain：
Evaporation forms above-mentioned directly over the most surface layer of lower layer（c）Al2O3After core, formed with following condition
The Al of portion's layer2O3Crystal grain.
That is, with above-mentioned（c）Evaporation forms Al2O3After core,
Reacting gas is constituted（Capacity %）：AlCl31~3%, HCl1~3%, CO25~10%, H2S0.1~0.5%, remainder
Divide H2、
Reaction atmosphere temperature：980~1040 DEG C,
Reaction atmosphere pressure：5~15kPa,
Time：（Until reaching upper layer target thickness）
Under conditions of be deposited with, thus film forming is by the fine lengthwise column Al with the almost parallel growth in thickness direction2O3
The upper layer that crystal grain is constituted.
It is above-mentioned（d）Al2O3Crystal grain direction that be substantially parallel as fine lengthwise column Al to thickness direction2O3It is brilliant
Grain and grow.Also, determine Al2O3The crystal plane of crystal grain is（0001）Normal to a surface of the normal in face relative to tool base
Formed inclination angle, and to add up to the inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart of the number of degrees being present in each zoning to represent,
And obtain Al of the inclination angle in the range of 0~10 degree2O3The number of degrees of crystal grain it is total when, with above-mentioned crystalline orientation inclination angle
Degree distributional pattern（Hereinafter referred to as "（0001）Orientation angle of inclination distribution "）Al2O3The number of degrees of crystal grain it is total relative to top
The overall Al of layer2O3The number of degrees of crystal grain integrally account for more than 60%.
With above-mentioned（0001）The Al of orientation angle of inclination distribution2O3The total of the number of degrees of crystal grain is subject to above-mentioned evaporation condition
In, especially reaction atmosphere temperature and CO2、H2S gases than influence.
Also, with above-mentioned（0001）The Al of orientation angle of inclination distribution2O3When the number of degrees of crystal grain total accounts for more than 60%,
Upper layer Al can be maintained2O3The high temperature hardness of crystal grain, elevated temperature strength, thus, having upper layer in the present invention（0001）Take
To the Al that angle of inclination is distributed2O3The total of the number of degrees of crystal grain is set to more than 60%.
With above-mentioned（0001）The Al of orientation angle of inclination distribution2O3The total of the number of degrees of crystal grain obtains as follows.That is, for
The overall Al of upper layer2O3Crystal grain, by using field emission type SEM and EBSD device, to every
The individual crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice being present in the measurement range of its section abradant surface irradiates electron ray to determine the crystalline substance
Grain crystal plane be（0001）The normal in face relative to tool base normal to a surface formed by inclination angle, and as the inclination
Crystal grain of the angle in the range of 0~10 degree（Have（0001）The Al of orientation angle of inclination distribution2O3Crystal grain）The total of the number of degrees ask
Go out.
Figure 2 illustrates having for being integrally measured to upper layer（0001）The Al of orientation angle of inclination distribution2O3Crystal grain
One of inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart.
In addition, if the overall thickness of upper layer is less than 2 μm, cannot be played in long-term use excellent elevated temperature strength and
High temperature hardness, on the other hand, if more than 15 μm, due to being susceptible to collapse knife, therefore the thickness of upper layer is set to 2~15 μm.
Coating tool of the invention by the lower layer most surface in hard coating layer, for example, by implementing oxidation processes
The Al that the total interface with predetermined number of degrees with respect is orientated form is formed directly over the interface of lower layer and upper layer2O3Crystal grain, and
And, total have by be integrally formed with predetermined number of degrees with respect as upper layer（0001）Orientation angle of inclination distribution Al2O3It is brilliant
The upper layer of grain such that it is able to improve the adhesive strength of lower layer and upper layer, even if therefore with high speed and impact load
The machining of various steel or cast iron etc. is carried out under the high rate intermittent machining condition for acting on cutting edge, excellent height is also showed that
Warm intensity and high temperature hardness, the generation of the and stripping without hard coating layer/collapse knife, play excellent machinability in long-term use
Energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 represents that the interface being measured with the interface surface of upper layer to the lower layer of coating tool of the present invention 1 takes
To form Al2O3The inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart of crystal grain.
Fig. 2 is represented to having that the upper layer of coating tool of the present invention 1 is integrally measured（0001）Orientation angle of inclination
The Al of distribution2O3The inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart of crystal grain.
Specific embodiment
Then, the coating tool of the invention is specifically described according to embodiment.
[embodiment]
Used as material powder, preparation is respectively provided with WC powder, TiC powder, ZrC powder, the TaC powder of 1~3 μm of average grain diameter
End, NbC powder, Cr3C2Powder, TiN powder and Co powder, by these material powders with being combined into, entering shown in synthesis table 1
One step adds paraffin, and ball milling mixing 24 hours, are carried out after drying under reduced pressure in acetone, and the pressure punch forming with 98MPa is
The pressed compact of predetermined shape, by the pressed compact in the vacuum of 5Pa, keeps with the predetermined temperature in the range of 1370~1470 DEG C
The condition of 1 hour carries out vacuum-sintering, after sintering, R is implemented by cutting edge portion：The cutting edge reconditioning of 0.07mm processes to distinguish
Produce the WC base cemented carbides tool base A~F with blade shapes specified in ISOCNMG120408.
Also, used as material powder, preparation is respectively provided with the TiCN of 0.5~2 μm of average grain diameter（It is by quality ratio TiC/
TiN=50/50）Powder, Mo2C powder, ZrC powder, NbC powder, TaC powder, WC powder, Co powder and Ni powder, by these
Material powder with shown in synthesis table 2 with being combined into, with ball mill wet mixed 24 hours, after being dried, with the pressure of 98MPa
Power punch forming is pressed compact, by the pressed compact in the blanket of nitrogen of 1.3kPa, to keep the condition of 1 hour at a temperature of 1540 DEG C
It is sintered, after sintering, width is implemented by cutting edge portion：0.1mm, angle：20 degree of cutting edge reconditioning processes to produce
The TiCN based ceramic metals tool base a~f of the blade shapes with iso standard CNMG160412.
Then, these tool bases A~F and tool base a~f are respectively charged into common chemical evaporation plating device,
（a）First, in table 3（L-TiCN in table 3 represent described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 6-8010 publications with lengthwise
The formation condition of the TiCN layer of crystalline structure is grown, the formation condition of common granular crystal tissue is in addition also represented by）Institute
Under conditions of showing, evaporation forms the Ti compound layers of the target thickness shown in table 6,7.
（b）With the condition shown in table 4, the Ti compound layers to the most surface of lower layer are carried out based on CO and CO2Gaseous mixture
The oxidation processes of body,
（c）Then, it is above-mentioned to implementing（b）The Ti compound layers surface for the treatment of, with the condition of the two-stage shown in table 5,
The Al of upper layer is formed with the target thickness shown in table 62O3Layer, so as to produce coating tool of the present invention 1~13 respectively.
Also, for the purpose of comparing, do not carry out the above-mentioned operation of the invention described above coating tool 1~13（b）、（c）, or it is logical
Cross to depart from condition of the invention（It is expressed as outside the present invention in table 4,5）Carry out, so as to produce the comparing bag shown in table 7
Cover instrument 1~13.
Then, for the Al directly over the lower layer of hard coating layer and the interface of upper layer2O3, swept using field emission type
Retouch electron microscope and EBSD device determines interface and is orientated form Al2O3Crystal grain（0001）The normal institute in face
Into angle of inclination distribution proportion.
That is, from above-mentioned coating tool of the present invention 1~13, the boundary of the lower layer and upper layer that compare coating tool 1~13
Towards 0.3 μm of the depth direction of upper layer, also, with the measure of the section abradant surface of 50 μm of the parallel direction on tool base surface
Scope（0.3μm×50μm）It is placed in the lens barrel of field emission type SEM, to the abradant surface with 70 degree of incidence
The electron ray of the accelerating potential of 15kV is present in angle the survey of the respective abradant surface with the irradiation electric current of 1nA to each
The crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice determined in scope is irradiated, and using field emission type SEM and electron backscattered spreads out
Injection device, to from the most surface of lower layer layer to the Al within 1 μm of film thickness direction2O3Crystal grain, by 0.3 μ m, 50 μm of measurement region
Domain is with the interval of 0.1 μm/step, the crystal plane for determining the crystal grain（0001）The normal in face is relative to the tool base
Inclination angle formed by normal to a surface, and to add up to the inclination angle number of degrees distribution of the number of degrees being present in each zoning bent
Line chart is represented, according to the measurement result, by determining the crystal grain that the measure inclination angle is 25~35 degree（Interface is orientated form
Al2O3Crystal grain）The total of the number of degrees obtain.
Their value is shown in table 6, table 7.
Also, it is orientated form Al figure 1 illustrates the interface being measured to coating tool of the present invention 12O3The inclination of crystal grain
Angle number scatter chart.
Also, the upper layer for coating tool of the present invention 1~13, the hard coating layer for comparing coating tool 1~13 is whole
Body has（0001）The Al of orientation inclination angle number of degrees distribution2O3Crystal grain（0001）Angle of inclination distribution formed by the normal in face
Ratio, to the Al that upper layer is overall2O3Crystal grain, using field emission type SEM and EBSD device, with
It is above-mentioned similarly, irradiate electricity by being present in the crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice in the measurement range of its section abradant surface to each
Sub- ray is determined as the crystal plane of the crystal grain（0001）Method of the normal in face relative to the surface of the tool base
Inclination angle formed by line, by determining the crystal grain that the inclination angle is 0~10 degree（Have（0001）The distribution of orientation angle of inclination）
Al2O3Crystal grain）The total of the number of degrees obtain.
In addition, " upper layer entirety " described herein refers to be to upper layer most surface with the interface of upper layer from lower layer
Measurement range only, including the interface orientation form Al directly over interface2O3The measurement range of crystal grain.
Their value is shown in table 6, table 7.
Also, figure 2 illustrates having for being measured to coating tool of the present invention 1（0001）The distribution of orientation angle of inclination
Al2O3The inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart of crystal grain.
Also, determined using scanning electron microscope（Longitudinal section determines）Coating tool of the present invention 1~13, compare cladding
The thickness of each structure sheaf of the hard coating layer of instrument 1~13, as a result shows substantially average with target thickness identical
Thickness（Determine five average values of point）.
[table 1]
[table 2]
[table 3]
[table 4]
[table 5]
（In table, symbol ※ is represented carries out evaporation until turning into upper layer target thickness）
[table 6]
Interface is orientated form Al2O3Grain size number ratio：Within from the most surface of lower layer layer to 1 μm of film thickness direction
Al2O3Crystal grain, determines the normal in (0001) face relative to during inclination angle, the inclination angle exists formed by tool base normal to a surface
Al in the range of 25~35 degree2O3The number of degrees ratio of crystal grain
(0001) orientation angle of inclination distribution Al2O3Grain size number ratio：The Al overall for upper layer2O3Crystal grain, determines
(0001) normal in face is relative to during inclination angle, the inclination angle is in the range of 0~10 degree formed by tool base normal to a surface
Al2O3The number of degrees ratio of crystal grain
[table 7]
Interface is orientated form Al2O3Grain size number ratio：Within from the most surface of lower layer layer to 1 μm of film thickness direction
Al2O3Crystal grain, determines the normal in (0001) face relative to during inclination angle, the inclination angle exists formed by tool base normal to a surface
Al in the range of 25~35 degree2O3The number of degrees ratio of crystal grain
(0001) orientation angle of inclination distribution Al2O3Grain size number ratio：The Al overall for upper layer2O3Crystal grain, determines
(0001) normal in face is relative to during inclination angle, the inclination angle is in the range of 0~10 degree formed by tool base normal to a surface
Al2O3The number of degrees ratio of crystal grain
Then, to the invention described above coating tool 1~13, compare the various coating tools of coating tool 1~13, using
Stationary fixture is fastened in the state of the leading section of instrument steel lathe tool, and alloy is carried out with following condition (referred to as machining condition A)
The wet type high rate intermittent cutting test (common cutting speed is 200m/min) of steel,
Workpiece：On the length direction of JISSCM440 be formed with equal intervals 8 pods,
Cutting speed：320m/min、
Cutting depth：2.0mm、
Feed speed：0.3mm/rev、
Cutting time：5 minutes,
The firm wet type high rate intermittent cutting test of carbon (common cutting speed is carried out with following condition (referred to as machining condition B)
It is 250m/min to spend),
Workpiece：The length direction of JISS45C be formed with equal intervals 8 pods,
Cutting speed：380m/min、
Cutting depth：1.5mm、
Feed speed：0.4mm/rev、
Cutting time：5 minutes,
The wet type high rate intermittent cutting test of spheroidal graphite cast-iron is carried out with following condition (referred to as machining condition C), it is (common to cut
Speed is cut for 250m/min),
Workpiece material：The length direction of JISFCD500 be formed with equal intervals 8 pods,
Cutting speed：350m/min、
Cutting depth：2.0mm、
Feed speed：0.3mm/rev、
Cutting time：5 minutes,
And the wear of the tool flank width of cutting edge is determined in a cutting test in office.
Its measurement result is shown in table 8.
[table 8]
(in table, symbol ※ represent hard coating layer occur stripping, symbol ※ ※ represent hard coating layer occur
Cutting time (minute) untill reaching service life because collapsing knife)
Knowable to the result shown in table 6~8, coating tool of the present invention 1~13, interface is orientated form Al2O3Crystal grain is in bottom
Layer with the interface of upper layer directly over Al2O3The total of the shared number of degrees is 30~70% in crystal grain, also, with (0001)
The Al of orientation angle of inclination distribution2O3Crystal grain is in the overall Al of upper layer2O3The shared number of degrees add up to more than 60% in crystal grain,
Therefore produced with hyperpyrexia, even if also, under the conditions of the height interrupted cut that interrupted impact load acts on cutting edge
When using, the peel resistance of hard coating layer is excellent, and resistance to collapse knife also excellent.
In contrast, in comparing coating tool 1~13 clearly, in high rate intermittent machining, being coated by generation hard
The stripping of layer, knife is collapsed, and reach service life within the shorter time.
Industrial applicability
As described above, coating tool of the invention continuous cutting or interrupted not only under the usual conditions such as various steel or cast iron
In cutting, even and if acting on this severe machining condition of high rate intermittent cutting of cutting edge in interrupted impact load
Under, the stripping of hard coating layer will not also occur, knife is collapsed, excellent cutting ability is played in long-term use, therefore, it is possible to foot
To tackle the high performance of topping machanism and the saving labourization of machining, energy-saving and cost degradation.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of surface-coated cutting tool, in the instrument being made up of tungsten carbide base carbide alloy or base titanium carbonitride
On the surface of matrix, evaporation is formed with by following（a）、（b）The hard coating layer of composition,
（a）Lower layer be Ti compound layers, the Ti compound layers by Ti carbide lamella, nitride layer, carbonitride layer, carbon oxygen
More than one layer in compound layer and carbon nitrogen oxide layer or two-layer constitute, and with 3~20 μm of total average thickness,
（b）Upper layer is Al2O3Layer, the Al2O3Layer has 2~15 μm of average thickness and has ɑ in the state of chemical vapor deposition
Type crystalline texture,
The surface-coated cutting tool is characterised by,
（c）For most surface layer and the Al of the upper layer at the interface of upper layer in lower layer2O3Crystal grain, is swept using field emission type
Electron microscope and EBSD device are retouched, the Al is present in each2O3The measurement range of the section abradant surface of crystal grain
The interior crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice irradiates electron ray to determine as the crystal plane of the crystal grain（0001）The normal in face
Relative to the tool base normal to a surface formed by inclination angle, and by 0~45 degree in the inclination angle of the measure
In the range of measure inclination angle divided by every 0.25 degree of spacing, and be present in the number of degrees in each zoning to add up to
Inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart when representing, Al of the inclination angle in the range of 25~35 degree2O3Crystal grain is present in this
The number of degrees in the zoning of inclination angle it is total account in the number of degrees scatter chart of inclination angle the number of degrees are overall 30~70% ratio,
（d）The Al overall for upper layer2O3Crystal grain, by using field emission type SEM and electron backscattered spreads out
Injection device, the Al is present in each2O3The irradiation of the crystal grain with hexagoinal lattice in the measurement range of the section abradant surface of crystal grain
Electron ray is determined as the crystal plane of the crystal grain（0001）The normal in face is relative to the surface of the tool base
Formed by normal during inclination angle, the measure inclination angle in the range of 0~45 degree in the measure inclination angle is pressed every 0.25 degree
Spacing divided, and be present in the inclination angle number of degrees scatter chart table of the number of degrees in each zoning to add up to
When showing, Al of the inclination angle in the range of 0~10 degree2O3The number of degrees being present in the inclination angle zoning of crystal grain it is total
It is more than 60% of number of degrees entirety in the number of degrees scatter chart of inclination angle.
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| JP2012-137413 | 2012-06-19 | ||
| JP2012137413A JP5892472B2 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2012-06-19 | A surface-coated cutting tool with a hard coating layer that exhibits excellent peeling and chipping resistance in high-speed intermittent cutting. |
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| CN103506639A CN103506639A (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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| CN106457411B (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2018-12-11 | 兼房株式会社 | Cutting element |
| JPWO2018092791A1 (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2019-10-17 | 京セラ株式会社 | Cutting insert and cutting tool |
| US20220032380A1 (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2022-02-03 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. | Cutting tool |
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| JP5892472B2 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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