CN103503807B - Method for cultivating coho salmon seedlings - Google Patents

Method for cultivating coho salmon seedlings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103503807B
CN103503807B CN201310366983.6A CN201310366983A CN103503807B CN 103503807 B CN103503807 B CN 103503807B CN 201310366983 A CN201310366983 A CN 201310366983A CN 103503807 B CN103503807 B CN 103503807B
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vitamin
silverside
parts
water
feed
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CN103503807A (en
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刘玉莺
杜宗君
周剑
赵跃春
羊玥颖
周春艳
谢文
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Tongwei Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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TONGWEI (CHENGDU) SALMON CO Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating coho salmon seedlings. The coho salmon seedlings are placed into a cultivating pool under the following conditions that water temperature ranges from 8.5 DEG C to 12 DEG C, the dissolved oxygen content ranges from 9mg per L to 11mg per L, the pH value ranges from 6.5 to 7.2, water in the cultivating pool is running water, water-carrying capacity ranges from 0.04 cubic meter per second to 0.1 cubic meter per second, and illumination intensity ranges from 50lx to 270lx. According to the method for cultivating the coho salmon seedlings, by the selection of parameters of the conditions of the cultivating pool, additives, the feeding amount and time, then, coho salmon can be located in an optimal cultivating and living environment, and the coho salmon seedlings are better cultivated.

Description

Silverside fry rearing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultural technique field, be specifically related to a kind of silverside fry rearing method.
Background technology
Silver salmon: a kind of little silvery white is edible and fish fishing (silver salmon), grows in North Pacific's water system, rear introducing the Great Lakes.Popular name: coho.Silverside fingerling: Osteichthyes Clupeiformes vertebrate.The place of production and term: Alaska State, the State of Washington and Oregon.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of silverside fry rearing method is provided, well can cultivates silverside fry.
Consider the problems referred to above of prior art, according to an aspect disclosed by the invention, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of silverside fry rearing method, silverside fry is put into the cultivation pond of following condition:
Water temperature: 8.5 ~ 12 DEG C;
Dissolved oxygen: 9 ~ 11mg/L;
pH：6.5～7.2。
In order to realize the present invention better, further technical scheme is:
According to one embodiment of present invention, the water in described cultivation pond is flowing water.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the discharge in described cultivation pond is 0.04 ~ 0.1m 3/ s.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the condition in described cultivation pond also comprises:
Intensity of illumination: 50 ~ 270lx.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the condition in described cultivation pond also comprises:
Salinity: 3 ~ 7 ‰.
According to one embodiment of present invention, herring smelt juvenile fish feed is used to feed, described herring smelt juvenile fish feed comprises the component of following percentage by weight: fish meal is 35 to 39%, dried small shrimp is 1 to 3%, yeast is 3 to 7%, expanded soybean is 6 to 10%, phospholipid powder is 3 to 7%, flour is 5 to 9%, PURE WHEY is 5 to 9%, skim milk powder is 1 to 5%, wheat germ powder is 2 to 6%, fish oil is 11 to 15%, soya-bean oil is 1 to 5%, palm oil is 1 to 3%, alfalfa meal is 1.5 to 2.5%, vitamin C is 0.05 to 0.15%, vitamin B compound 0.5 to 0.7%, vitamin D is 0.15 to 0.45%, carotenoid is 0.02 to 0.06%, Choline Chloride is 0.5 to 1%, taurine is 0.01 to 0.02%, emulsifier is 0.1 to 0.2%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described cultivation pond comprises a biological oxidation system, is added with lactic acid bacteria in described biological oxidation system.
According to one embodiment of present invention, vitamin is added in described biological oxidation system.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described vitamin: 4.1 ~ 4.8mg/L.
The present invention can also be:
According to one embodiment of present invention, described vitamin comprises: vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin C, and described vitamin B6 is 38 parts ~ 42 parts, and vitamin E is 33 parts ~ 37 parts, and vitamin C is 23 parts ~ 27 parts.
Compared with prior art, one of beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Silverside fry rearing method of the present invention, by cultivation pond condition, additive, feed for nursing, feeding volume and time isoparametric selection, makes silverside fish be in best cultivation and living environment, better to cultivate silverside fry.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
A kind of silverside fry rearing method,
One, silverside fry is put into cultivation pond, the condition of cultivating pond comprises:
1, cultivate pool area and can select 30 ~ 50m 2.
2, facility is cultivated:
Closed circulation drainage facility can be adopted: Microfilter, foam separator, biological oxidation system, water dissolving type aerator, oxygen/water mixed dissolution machine, ultraviolet ray disinfecting system, incubation tank.
3, water source: spring or underground water, or other.
4, water temperature: 8.5 ~ 12 DEG C.
5, dissolved oxygen: 9 ~ 11mg/L.
6、pH：6.5～7.2。
7, the water cultivated in pond may be selected to be flowing water, and discharge is 0.04 ~ 0.1m 3/ s.
8, intensity of illumination: 50 ~ 270lx.
The preferably environment of the living environment that above water temperature, dissolved oxygen, ph, discharge and intensity of illumination form needed for the hatching of silverside fish and the cultivation of fry.
9, salinity: 3 ~ 7 ‰; In this region, reduce the harmful effect that disease causes fry hatching, used this salinity, the outburst rate of water mold disease can be reduced, thus reduce fry lethal factor risk.
10, cultivate water body, in biological oxidation system, add lactic acid bacteria, add B B-complex 4.1 ~ 4.8mg/L simultaneously, promote the reaction of bioid system, ensure that water body is stablized; The biomembrane that biological oxidation system utilizes dynamic Hymenogaster, form from hair monad, saccharomycete and algae etc., produces oxidationization further and reacts, and allows the nitrate in water body become nitrite, reduces carbonic acid gas, reduction organic matter etc. simultaneously; Lactic acid bacteria refers to that fermenting carbohydrate primary product is the general name of a class without gemma, gram-positive bacterium of lactic acid; Lactic acid bacteria adds biological oxidation system place treatment pond to, and it has catalytic action, stablizes the effect of pH value.Vitamin comprises: vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin C, and described vitamin B6 is 38 parts ~ 42 parts, and vitamin E is 33 parts ~ 37 parts, and vitamin C is 23 parts ~ 27 parts, and the vitamin under this proportioning is more conducive to the cultivation of the microorganism of biological oxidation system.
Two, after silverside fry being put into cultivation pond, 5 ~ 7 days eyed eggs time.Eyed eggs ovum has a stain, the ovum of most stationary stage, is convenient to transport.Eyed eggs has been hatched after having put into cultivation pond.It is exactly the time that hatch fish roe becomes fry.
Three, hatch fish roe becomes the raising method after fry:
1) rupture of membranes is to opening time: 2 ~ 4 days; Opening opportunity: yolk sac disappear 1/3rd time, start open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding.
2) below 0.4g specification fry:
(1) to throw something and feed number of times: every day 12 times;
(2) feeding volume: each feeding volume accounts for 8% of TBW, adopts specification 0.2mm silverside juvenile fish to cultivate feed.Full pool spilling head mode is adopted to throw something and feed.
3) 0.5 ~ 1g specification fry:
(1) to throw something and feed number of times: every day 8 times;
(2) feeding volume: each feeding volume accounts for 6% of TBW, adopts specification 0.5mm silverside juvenile fish to cultivate feed.Full pool spilling head mode is adopted to throw something and feed.
4) 2 ~ 3g specification fry:
(1) to throw something and feed number of times: every day 8 times;
(2) feeding volume: each feeding volume accounts for 5% of overall gross weight, adopts specification 0.8mm silverside juvenile fish to cultivate feed.Full pool spilling head mode is adopted to throw something and feed.
5) 4 ~ 6g specification fry:
(1) to throw something and feed number of times: every day 6 times;
(2) feeding volume: each feeding volume accounts for 4% of TBW, adopts specification 1.2mm silverside juvenile fish to cultivate feed.Full pool spilling head mode is adopted to throw something and feed.
6) 7 ~ 11g specification fry:
(1) to throw something and feed number of times: every day 4 times:
(2) feeding volume: each feeding volume accounts for 3% of TBW, adopts specification 2.0mm silverside juvenile fish to cultivate feed.Full pool spilling head mode is adopted to throw something and feed.
7) 12 ~ 20g specification fry:
(1) to throw something and feed number of times: every day 4 times;
(2) feeding volume: each feeding volume accounts for 3% of TBW, adopts specification 3.0mm silverside juvenile fish to cultivate feed.Start to train juvenile fish to fix a point to ingest.
8) 21 ~ 50g specification fry:
(1) to throw something and feed number of times: every day 4 times;
(2) feeding volume: each feeding volume accounts for 3% of TBW, adopts specification 5.0mm silverside juvenile fish to cultivate feed; Juvenile fish fixed point is ingested, and throws something and feeds 20 minutes at every turn.
Embodiment 2
A kind of silverside fry rearing method,
Put into by silverside fry and cultivate pond, the condition of cultivating pond comprises:
1, cultivate pool area and can select 30m 2.
2, facility is cultivated:
Closed circulation drainage facility can be adopted: Microfilter, foam separator, biological oxidation system, water dissolving type aerator, oxygen/water mixed dissolution machine, ultraviolet ray disinfecting system, incubation tank (40cm*33cm).
3, water source: spring or underground water, or other.
4, water temperature: 8.5 DEG C.
5, dissolved oxygen: 9mg/L.
6、pH：6.5。
7, the water cultivated in pond may be selected to be flowing water, and discharge is 0.04m 3/ s.
8, intensity of illumination: 50lx.
9, salinity: 3 ‰; This salt angle value, reduces the harmful effect that disease causes fry hatching, has used this salinity, can reduce the outburst rate of water mold disease, thus reduces fry lethal factor risk.
10, cultivate water body, in biological oxidation system, add lactic acid bacteria, add B B-complex 4.1mg/L simultaneously, promote the reaction of bioid system, ensure that water body is stablized; The biomembrane that biological oxidation system utilizes dynamic Hymenogaster, form from hair monad, saccharomycete and algae etc., produces oxidationization further and reacts, and allows the nitrate in water body become nitrite, reduces carbonic acid gas, reduction organic matter etc. simultaneously; Lactic acid bacteria refers to that fermenting carbohydrate primary product is the general name of a class without gemma, gram-positive bacterium of lactic acid; Lactic acid bacteria adds biological oxidation system place treatment pond to, and it has catalytic action, stablizes the effect of pH value.Vitamin comprises: vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin C, and described vitamin B6 is 38 parts, and vitamin E is 33 parts, and vitamin C is 23 parts.
Embodiment 3
A kind of silverside fry rearing method,
Put into by silverside fry and cultivate pond, the condition of cultivating pond comprises:
1, cultivate pool area and can select 40m 2.
2, facility is cultivated:
Closed circulation drainage facility can be adopted: Microfilter, foam separator, biological oxidation system, water dissolving type aerator, oxygen/water mixed dissolution machine, ultraviolet ray disinfecting system, incubation tank.
3, water source: spring or underground water, or other.
4, water temperature: 10 DEG C.
5, dissolved oxygen: 10mg/L.
6、pH：6.8。
7, the water cultivated in pond may be selected to be flowing water, and discharge is 0.08m 3/ s.
8, intensity of illumination: 150lx.
9, salinity: 5 ‰; This salt angle value, reduces the harmful effect that disease causes fry hatching, has used this salinity, can reduce the outburst rate of water mold disease, thus reduces fry lethal factor risk.
10, cultivate water body, in biological oxidation system, add lactic acid bacteria, add B B-complex 4.5mg/L simultaneously, promote the reaction of bioid system, ensure that water body is stablized; The biomembrane that biological oxidation system utilizes dynamic Hymenogaster, form from hair monad, saccharomycete and algae etc., produces oxidationization further and reacts, and allows the nitrate in water body become nitrite, reduces carbonic acid gas, reduction organic matter etc. simultaneously; Lactic acid bacteria refers to that fermenting carbohydrate primary product is the general name of a class without gemma, gram-positive bacterium of lactic acid; Lactic acid bacteria adds biological oxidation system place treatment pond to, and it has catalytic action, stablizes the effect of pH value.Vitamin comprises: vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin C, and described vitamin B6 is 40%, and vitamin E is 35% part, and vitamin C is 25% part.
Embodiment 4
A kind of silverside fry rearing method,
Put into by silverside fry and cultivate pond, the condition of cultivating pond comprises:
1, cultivate pool area and can select 50m 2.
2, facility is cultivated:
Closed circulation drainage facility can be adopted: Microfilter, foam separator, biological oxidation system, water dissolving type aerator, oxygen/water mixed dissolution machine, ultraviolet ray disinfecting system, incubation tank.
3, water source: spring or underground water, or other.
4, water temperature: 12 DEG C.
5, dissolved oxygen: 11mg/L.
6、pH：7.2。
7, the water cultivated in pond may be selected to be flowing water, and discharge is 0.1m 3/ s.
8, intensity of illumination: 270lx.
9, salinity: 7 ‰; This salt angle value, reduces the harmful effect that disease causes fry hatching, has used this salinity, can reduce the outburst rate of water mold disease, thus reduces fry lethal factor risk.
10, cultivate water body, in biological oxidation system, add lactic acid bacteria, add B B-complex 4.8mg/L simultaneously, promote the reaction of bioid system, ensure that water body is stablized; The biomembrane that biological oxidation system utilizes dynamic Hymenogaster, form from hair monad, saccharomycete and algae etc., produces oxidationization further and reacts, and allows the nitrate in water body become nitrite, reduces carbonic acid gas, reduction organic matter etc. simultaneously; Lactic acid bacteria refers to that fermenting carbohydrate primary product is the general name of a class without gemma, gram-positive bacterium of lactic acid; Lactic acid bacteria adds biological oxidation system place treatment pond to, and it has catalytic action, stablizes the effect of pH value.Vitamin comprises: vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin C, and described vitamin B6 is 42 parts, and vitamin E is 37 parts, and vitamin C is 27 parts.
Embodiment 5
A kind of silverside fry rearing method, herring smelt juvenile fish feed is used to feed, described herring smelt juvenile fish feed comprises the component of following percentage by weight: fish meal is 35 to 39%, dried small shrimp is 1 to 3%, yeast is 3 to 7%, expanded soybean is 6 to 10%, phospholipid powder is 3 to 7%, flour is 5 to 9%, PURE WHEY is 5 to 9%, skim milk powder is 1 to 5%, wheat germ powder is 2 to 6%, fish oil is 11 to 15%, soya-bean oil is 1 to 5%, palm oil is 1 to 3%, alfalfa meal is 1.5 to 2.5%, vitamin C is 0.05 to 0.15%, vitamin B compound 0.5 to 0.7%, vitamin D is 0.15 to 0.45%, carotenoid is 0.02 to 0.06%, Choline Chloride is 0.5 to 1%, taurine is 0.01 to 0.02%, emulsifier is 0.1 to 0.2%.
In the present embodiment, herring smelt juvenile fish feed comprises the component of following percentage by weight: fish meal 35.5%; dried small shrimp 2.2%, yeast 4.45%, expanded soybean 8%; phospholipid powder 5.2%; flour 6.63%, PURE WHEY 6.4%, skim milk powder 2.48%; wheat germ powder 4.6%; fish oil 13.5%, soya-bean oil 4%, palm oil 2.5%; alfalfa meal 2.5%; vitamin C 0.12%, vitamin B compound 0.6%, vitamin D 0.4%; carotenoid 0.06%; Choline Chloride 0.7%, taurine 0.01%, emulsifier 0.15%.
Herring smelt juvenile fish feed for feeding silverside nursery in the present invention considers in nutritive proportion and feed cost:
The reasonably combined ratio comprising expanded soybean and alfalfa meal with PURE WHEY, skim milk powder, animal protein fish meal, single cell protein yeast, vegetable protein ensure that fish body reaches the protein content needed for maximum growth to the primary demand of protein and fish body, maintains the normal physiological function of silverside juvenile fish.Wherein, PURE WHEY is the origin of amino acid be not only in feed, or the source of growth and adjustment metabolic factor, can as the system of defense resisting microorganism intrusion; Skim milk powder, while effectively providing milk protein source, improves the palatability of feed, increases the appetite of silverside juvenile fish.
Using fish oil, soya-bean oil and palm oil as fat, provide silverside juvenile fish energy source and required fatty acid.Palm oil, on the low side, stable yield, has higher fatty productivity, lower bad fatty acid deposition.
Vitamin is the required class low-molecular-weight organic compound of fish, this kind of material can not be synthesized by other materials or synthesize seldom in vivo, constantly take in from feed, as vitamin B compound, vitamin C, vitamin D etc., be used for maintaining the health of fish and its lethality of reduction.Choline Chloride is the one of Cobastab, lacks choline and can cause fatty liver, poor growth, and spawning rate reduces, and death such as to increase at the phenomenon.
The growth of calcium-phosphorus ratio in feed to fish has a great impact, and calcium major part can be absorbed from water, and the content of phosphorus in water is very low, mainly absorbs from feed, so add a certain proportion of phospholipid powder in herring smelt juvenile fish feed.
Wheat germ powder is wheat processing by product, and containing abundant digestible protein, the composition of essential amino acid is better than general cereal; Vitamin E is rich in fat, vitamin E not only has important trophism to silverside parent population, as antioxidant, to preventing the oxidation of fatty acid in feed from playing an important role, and the immunity and premunition improving silverside juvenile fish also can also be played an important role.
Taurine is bait mainly, promotes silverside juvenile fish brain development, improves nerve conduction and visual performance.
Dried small shrimp mineral value volume and range of product is very abundant, especially the content of calcium phosphorus, can ensure the picked-up of silverside juvenile fish to mineral matter.
Flour in this feed except protein, carbohydrate are provided, can also the mineral matter such as replenishing vitamins and calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium.
The herring smelt juvenile fish feed used in the present embodiment can meet the requirement of silverside juvenile fish for nutrition, and induction feed, improves the immunity of juvenile fish, promotes young brain development, provides the energy needed for juvenile growth growth.
In this specification, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiment, identical similar portion cross-reference between each embodiment.
Spoken of in this manual " embodiment ", " another embodiment ", " embodiment ", etc., refer to the specific features, structure or the feature that describe in conjunction with this embodiment and be included at least one embodiment of the application's generality description.Multiple place occurs that statement of the same race is not necessarily refer to same embodiment in the description.Furthermore, when describing specific features, structure or a feature in conjunction with any embodiment, what advocate is also fall within the scope of the invention to realize this feature, structure or feature in conjunction with other embodiments.
Although with reference to multiple explanatory embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described here, but, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other amendment and embodiment, these amendments and embodiment will drop within spirit disclosed in the present application and spirit.More particularly, in the scope of, accompanying drawing open in the application and claim, multiple modification and improvement can be carried out to the building block of subject combination layout and/or layout.Except the modification of carrying out building block and/or layout is with except improvement, to those skilled in the art, other purposes also will be obvious.

Claims (3)

1. a silverside fry rearing method, is characterized in that, silverside fry is put into the cultivation pond of following condition:
Water temperature: 8.5 ~ 12 DEG C;
Dissolved oxygen: 9 ~ 11mg/L;
pH：6.5～7.2，
Water in described cultivation pond is flowing water, and the discharge in described cultivation pond is 0.04 ~ 0.1m 3/ s;
The condition in described cultivation pond also comprises:
Intensity of illumination: 50 ~ 270lx;
Described cultivation pond comprises a biological oxidation system, is added with lactic acid bacteria in described biological oxidation system;
Vitamin is added in described biological oxidation system;
Described vitamin: 4.1 ~ 4.8mg/L;
Described vitamin comprises: vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin C, and described vitamin B6 is 38 parts ~ 42 parts, and vitamin E is 33 parts ~ 37 parts, and vitamin C is 23 parts ~ 27 parts.
2. silverside fry rearing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the condition in described cultivation pond also comprises:
Salinity: 3 ~ 7 ‰.
3. silverside fry rearing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, herring smelt juvenile fish feed is used to feed, described herring smelt juvenile fish feed comprises the component of following percentage by weight: fish meal is 35 to 39%, dried small shrimp is 1 to 3%, yeast is 3 to 7%, expanded soybean is 6 to 10%, phospholipid powder is 3 to 7%, flour is 5 to 9%, PURE WHEY is 5 to 9%, skim milk powder is 1 to 5%, wheat germ powder is 2 to 6%, fish oil is 11 to 15%, soya-bean oil is 1 to 5%, palm oil is 1 to 3%, alfalfa meal is 1.5 to 2.5%, vitamin C is 0.05 to 0.15%, vitamin B compound 0.5 to 0.7%, vitamin D is 0.15 to 0.45%, carotenoid is 0.02 to 0.06%, Choline Chloride is 0.5 to 1%, taurine is 0.01 to 0.02%, emulsifier is 0.1 to 0.2%.
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CN105124179A (en) * 2015-07-27 2015-12-09 通威股份有限公司 Amino acid mixture used for culturing initial feed for coregonus peled
CN106858178A (en) * 2017-01-05 2017-06-20 广西金臣科技有限公司 A kind of fry mixed feed and preparation method thereof
CN113303256A (en) * 2021-07-06 2021-08-27 山东康科润海洋科技有限公司 Industrial silver salmon fry efficient cultivation method

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