CN111406680A - Propagation and hatching method of Australia crayfish - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a reproduction and incubation method of Australia crayfish, which comprises the following steps: establishing a breeding and hatching pool; feeding parent shrimps for feeding; and (5) daily management. According to the method, the breeding and hatching pond, the feeding amount of the parent shrimps and the culture water body are designed and regulated, and meanwhile, breeding and hatching feed with balanced nutrition and enhanced reproductive capacity and immunity is fed, so that the mating rate and the fertilized egg hatching rate of the parent shrimps are obviously improved.

Description

Propagation and hatching method of Australia crayfish

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to a method for breeding and hatching Australia crayfishes.

Background

Australia freshwater lobster originally produced Australia and living in fresh water is one of the most excellent freshwater lobsters in the world at present. Compared with other shrimps, the Australia freshwater lobster has the following advantages: the nutrition is rich, the protein content in the body is rich, the cholesterol content is very low, and the nutritional food is a good low-cholesterol nutritional product; the growth is fast, the yield is high, the breeding is carried out in the same year, and the harvest can be carried out in the same year; the stress resistance is strong, the adaptability is wide, and the tolerance to severe environment is high; (4) food mixed, wide feed source and low culture cost. Based on the above advantages, in recent years, the Australia crayfish is more and more popular with domestic and foreign consumers, and the market demand is greatly increased.

At present, the artificial propagation of Australia freshwater lobster adopts the traditional mode, namely, the female lobster is hatched in an egg-laying manner in an indoor environment, the egg-laying female lobster is isolated and placed in a spawning pond, the color of the egg is gradually deepened, eyespots appear, abdominal limbs are formed, finally, young shrimps are formed and leave a parent body, and the formed young lobster larvae are continuously cultured in a seedling pond; and then the shrimp fries are transferred from the indoor nursery pond to a culture pond for culture.

However, the above breeding and hatching method often has the following problems: (1) unbalanced nutrition supply in the parent shrimp cultivation stage and low feed utilization rate; (2) the parent shrimps have less spawning times, low spawning amount, low hatchability of fertilized eggs and low survival rate of shrimp seedlings; (3) the aquaculture water is easy to deteriorate and breed germs, so that the parent shrimps are easy to suffer from diseases; (4) the young shrimp fry of the born shrimp is often not hatched and is swallowed by the previous generation, and the stress capability is poor and the survival rate is low.

Therefore, there is a need for a breeding and hatching method for Australia crayfish, which can improve the immunity and reproductive capacity of parent crayfish and has high survival rate of hatched seedlings.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems, the inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive research and designed a breeding and hatching method for australian crayfish, which includes designing and controlling parameters of a breeding and hatching pond, a parent shrimp feeding amount and a culture water body, feeding breeding and hatching feed with balanced nutrition and enhanced reproductive capacity and immunity, and significantly improving mating rate and fertilized egg hatching rate of parent shrimps, thereby completing the present invention.

Specifically, the invention aims to provide a reproduction and hatching method of Australia crayfish, which comprises the following steps:

establishing a breeding and hatching pond;

step two, putting parent shrimps and feeding;

step three, daily management;

wherein, in the step (one), an isolation net 1 for separating parent shrimps and young shrimps is arranged in the breeding and hatching pond.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) the method for breeding and hatching the Australia crayfishes has the advantages of simple steps, easily controlled conditions and low cost;

(2) the method for breeding and hatching the Australia crayfishes can fully utilize resources such as natural light and the like, saves the resources, enables the young crayfishes to be in the condition close to the natural environment from breeding to hatching, obviously improves the adaptability to the subsequent breeding environment, and greatly improves the hatching rate and the survival rate;

(3) according to the method for breeding and hatching the Australia crayfish, the adult crayfish and the shrimp fries are isolated, the adult crayfish is prevented from eating the shrimp fries, and the survival rate of the shrimp fries is improved;

(4) according to the method for breeding and hatching the Australia crayfishes, the nanometer aeration pipe is used for exposing oxygen to the water, so that the oxygen demand for the growth of adult crayfishes and young crayfishes is guaranteed, and the growth of the young crayfishes cannot be influenced by large airflow;

(5) according to the method for breeding and hatching the Australia crayfishes, the parent crayfish feed is fed, the addition amount of animal protein is increased, meanwhile, plant protein with a proper proportion is matched, the production cost is reduced, and the egg laying amount of the parent crayfishes is increased;

(6) according to the breeding and hatching method of the Australia crayfish, the fat component of the fed parent crayfish feed is animal oil, the adding proportion is improved, and the gonad development and mating rate of female crayfish are promoted;

(7) according to the breeding and hatching method for the Australia crayfishes, the fed parent crayfish feed is gelatinous in the inner nutritional ingredients, so that the shape-keeping time in water is prolonged, the feed is not easy to decay and deteriorate, and the water body is not polluted; the composite microbial inoculum in the outer layer nutrient components can be ingested by the parent shrimps to adjust the flora structure in the intestinal tract of the parent shrimps and promote the capability of the parent shrimps in digesting and absorbing the feed; but also can decompose toxic excrement and purify the culture water body after being discharged out of the body along with excrement;

(8) according to the breeding and hatching method for the Australia crayfishes, the fed parent shrimp feed is characterized in that the zooplankton eggs in the outer-layer nutritional ingredients are dissolved out into the water body to be hatched into zooplankton under the condition that the feed is not taken for a long time, and the zooplankton eggs become bait for the parent shrimps to prey, so that the feed utilization rate is improved, and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs of the parent shrimps is promoted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a propagation hatching tank according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a sunshade net, a sprinkler, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view illustrating an oxygen increasing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

1-an isolation net; 2-a sunshade net; 3-a spraying device; 4-an oxygenation device; 41-a body; 42-an aerator pipe; 43-a rotating base; 5-a rectangular frame; 6-orbit; 7-a water inlet pipeline; 8-a drainage pipeline; 9-a water storage tank; 10-connecting a pipe; 11-a nutrient solution tank; 12-a water reservoir; 13-a flow meter; 14-a mesh enclosure; 15-a flow retarder; 16-temperature sensor.

Detailed Description

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples. The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description.

The invention provides a reproduction and incubation method of Australia crayfish, which comprises the following steps:

step one, establishing a breeding hatching pond.

In the invention, a breeding and hatching pond is established under outdoor conditions, as shown in figures 1-3, an isolation net 1 for separating parent shrimps and young shrimps is arranged in the breeding and hatching pond,

the breeding and hatching pool also comprises a sunshade net 2 arranged at the top of the breeding and hatching pool, the sunshade area of the sunshade net can be adjusted,

a spraying device 3 is also arranged above the breeding and hatching pond to spray nutrient solution into the pond;

a plurality of oxygenation devices 4 are arranged in the breeding and hatching pond to ensure the dissolved oxygen in the water body in the pond.

According to the invention, the breeding and hatching pond is arranged outdoors, so that resources such as natural light can be fully utilized, resources are saved, and the shrimp fries can be in a condition close to the natural environment from breeding to hatching, so that the adaptability to the subsequent breeding environment is obviously improved, and the hatching rate and the survival rate are greatly improved.

Wherein, the breeding and hatching pond is preferably rectangular.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the separation net 1 is detachably arranged on the inner wall of the breeding and hatching tank, and the gap between the edge of the separation net and the inner wall of the tank can not enable the parent shrimps to fall off.

In a further preferred embodiment, the diameter of the mesh of the separation net 1 is such that the shrimp larvae can fall off and the parent shrimps cannot fall off.

And the young shrimp fries leaving the parent body fall into the lower part of the isolation net from the meshes of the isolation net, so that the independent culture of the parent shrimps and the shrimp fries is realized.

In the invention, the separation net can effectively separate the parent shrimps and the young shrimps, thereby preventing the parent shrimps from swallowing the young shrimps.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sunshade net 2 can be displaced horizontally at the top of the breeding and hatching tank to adjust the sunshade area and thus the water temperature in the tank.

In the invention, when the water temperature in the breeding and hatching pond is higher, the sun-shading area of the sun-shading net can be increased, so that the water temperature in the pond is slowly reduced; when the water temperature is lower, the sun-shading area of the sun-shading net can be reduced, so that the water temperature in the pool is slowly increased.

The inventor finds that the water temperature in the breeding and seedling raising pool is slowly adjusted by utilizing sunlight, so that the breeding and hatching process of lobsters can be ensured to be in a stable temperature change environment, and the hatching rate and the survival rate are improved.

In the invention, after the shrimp larvae which are just hatched adapt to the water temperature environment, the water temperature can be slowly adjusted (increased or decreased by 3 ℃) by adjusting the sunshade net, and enough time difference is ensured, so that the water temperature change tolerance of the shrimp larvae is exercised, and the adaptability of the shrimp larvae in the subsequent culture process is improved.

In a further preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a rectangular frame 5 is provided along the upper portion of the breeding and hatching pond, and the sunshade net 2 moves horizontally along the opposite sides of the top surface of the rectangular frame 5.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a track 6 is provided below the sunshade net 2 and above the pool edge of the breeding and hatching pool, and the spraying device 3 moves along the track 6 to spray the nutrient solution.

In a further preferred embodiment, the track 6 is in the form of a grid, which is placed over the breeding hatchery, so that the spraying device can spray nutrient solution in several areas.

In a further preferred embodiment, universal wheels are provided at the bottom of the spraying device 3 to facilitate multi-directional movement on the track 6.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen increasing device 4 is provided in a plurality and is uniformly arranged below the separation net 1.

In a further preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the oxygen increasing device 4 comprises a cylindrical main body 41 and an aeration pipe 42 disposed outside the main body 41,

the bottom of the main body 41 is provided with a rotating base 43 to drive the oxygenation device to rotate, so that the dissolved oxygen in water is uniform.

Wherein, cylindric main part is hollow structure, the aeration pipe passes through cylindric main part and outside fan intercommunication to the realization lasts the aeration.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aeration tube 42 has a plurality of tubes, and is uniformly disposed outside the body 41.

In a further preferred embodiment, the aeration pipe 42 is obliquely arranged at the outer part of the main body 41, and the included angle between the aeration pipe 42 and the main body 41 is 30-60 degrees.

In a further preferred embodiment, the aeration pipe 42 is a nano aeration pipe having a plurality of micropores, and the pore diameter of the micropores is 0.02 to 0.05 mm.

In the invention, the nano aeration pipe is preferably adopted to aerate oxygen into water, so that micro bubbles can be slowly released, the oxygen demand for the growth of parent shrimps and young shrimps can be ensured, and the growth of the young shrimps cannot be influenced by large airflow.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a water inlet pipe 7 is provided at the upper end of the inner wall of the breeding and hatching tank,

and a drainage pipeline 8 is arranged at the bottom of the breeding and hatching pond.

In a further preferred embodiment, a water storage tank 9 is connected to the water inlet end of the water inlet pipe 7 to uniformly mix water and nutrient solution before water is input.

Wherein, the water in the water storage tank is pumped into the water inlet pipeline through the water pump.

In the invention, the adding mode of the nutrient solution comprises a spraying mode and a water inlet pipeline.

In a further preferred embodiment, the water storage tank is connected to a nutrient solution tank 11 and a reservoir 12 through a connection pipe 10,

a flow meter 13 is provided on the connection pipe 10 to control inflow amounts of the nutrient solution and water, respectively.

In the present invention, the inflow amount of the nutrient solution and water is adjusted by the flow meter so that the ratio of the nutrient solution in the water entering the water storage tank is within a predetermined range.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mesh cover 14 is provided on the top surface of the drain pipe 8 to prevent the young shrimps from being discharged during the draining process.

In a further preferred embodiment, a flow damper 15 is further provided outside said water drain pipe 8 to reduce the wave motion of the water body in the breeding hatchery.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a temperature sensor 16 is further disposed on the inner wall of the breeding and hatching tank to monitor the temperature of water in the tank.

In a further preferred embodiment, the temperature sensor 16 is a thermistor sensor to transmit a water temperature signal to the control room in time.

In the invention, the adopted thermistor is sensitive to temperature change, has small measuring range and high precision, and can meet the temperature range in the pool.

Wherein, thermistor formula inductor is with water temperature signal transmission to the control room of connecting externally, and relevant operating personnel carry out the operation of adjusting the temperature according to temperature signal.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water depth in the breeding and hatching pond is 0.5 to 0.8m, preferably 0.5 to 0.6 m.

In a further preferred embodiment, the water body in the breeding and hatching pond is disinfected 10-15 days before the parent shrimps are put in the breeding pond, the disinfection treatment is to splash quick lime into the water body, and the application amount of the quick lime is 150-180 kg/mu, preferably 160-170 kg/mu.

In a further preferred embodiment, the detoxified formulation is added in an amount of 200-400 g/acre,

the detoxification preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight:

preferably, the detoxification preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the antidote is soaked in pool water for 2-3 hours before use, and then is sprayed in the whole pool.

The inventor researches and discovers that the components in the proportion are used as the detoxifying preparation, so that the growth of various weeds in water can be effectively inhibited, the growth of moss, filamentous green algae, blue algae and the like can be inhibited, the propagation of harmful bacteria can be inhibited, various essentials and chlorine preparation residues can be removed, and the water quality can be purified and activated.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, before the parent shrimps are thrown, the temperature, the dissolved oxygen and the pH value of the water body in the culture pond are regulated, so that the temperature of the water body is 27-32 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 7-11 mg/L, and the pH is 7.5-8.5.

Preferably, the dissolved oxygen amount is 10 mg/L.

In a further preferred embodiment, after various indexes of the water body are adjusted, a nutrient solution is applied to the water body, and the application amount of the nutrient solution is 1-2 g/m³Preferably 1.5g/m³。

In the invention, the sprayed nutrient solution is a substance which can supply nutrient substances required by the growth of parent shrimps and young shrimps and can purify water quality, and can be an aquaculture nutrient solution commonly used in the prior art, such as: "aquatic product EM bacterial liquid" produced by Zhengzhou Qifu agricultural science and technology limited or "polygamy" produced by Beijing Shengtaier science and technology limited.

And (II) putting parent shrimps and feeding.

In the invention, parent shrimps for reproduction are selected from the artificial culture pond, and the parent shrimps with good body type, strong physique and pure body color are selected.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding amount of the parent shrimps is 12-16 tails/m²Preferably 13 to 15 tails/m²，

The feeding proportion of female shrimps to male shrimps in parent shrimps is (2-4): 1, preferably 3: 1.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed for the parent shrimps comprises an inner layer nutrient component and an outer layer nutrient component, wherein the inner layer nutrient component comprises the following components in parts by weight:

in a further preferred embodiment, the inner layer nutrient component comprises the following components in parts by weight:

in a further preferred embodiment, the inner layer nutritional component comprises the following components in parts by weight:

according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protein component comprises animal protein and vegetable protein, and the weight ratio of the animal protein to the vegetable protein is (40-60): 15, preferably (45-55): 15, more preferably 50: 15.

In the invention, the plant protein is preferably adopted to replace part of the animal protein, so that the growth speed of the parent shrimps can be obviously improved, and the production cost is reduced.

The inventor finds that the increase of the addition amount of the animal protein is beneficial to the increase of the fecundity of the parent shrimps, so the weight ratio of the animal protein to the plant protein is preferably set to (40-60): 15, preferably (45-55): 15, more preferably 50:15, can remarkably improve the egg laying amount of parent shrimps.

In a further preferred embodiment, the animal protein is selected from one or more of fish meal, artemia meal, silkworm chrysalis meal, earthworm meal, krill meal and chicken meal.

In a still further preferred embodiment, the animal protein is selected from one or more of fish meal, artemia powder, silkworm pupa powder and earthworm powder.

Preferably, the animal protein is fish meal and earthworm powder, the weight ratio of the fish meal to the earthworm powder is (25-50): 15, and preferably (30-40): 15, more preferably 35: 15.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vegetable protein is selected from one or more of fermented soybean meal, peanut meal, rapeseed cake, cotton seed cake and peanut bran powder.

In a further preferred embodiment, the vegetable protein is selected from one or more of fermented soybean meal, peanut meal and peanut bran powder.

In a still further preferred embodiment, the vegetable protein is fermented soybean meal.

The research of the inventor finds that the fermented soybean meal can decompose and remove anti-nutritional factors (such as antitrypsin, hemagglutinin and the like) in the soybean meal, and provide abundant proteins, organic matters and medium and trace elements for the growth of parent shrimps.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbohydrate component is selected from one or more of corn flour, soybean flour, wheat flour, yeast, hard flour and starch.

In a further preferred embodiment, the carbohydrate component is one or more of corn flour, soy flour, wheat flour and starch.

In a still further preferred embodiment, the carbohydrate component is soy flour.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fat component is an animal fat, preferably selected from one or more of lard, tallow, chicken oil and fish oil.

In a further preferred embodiment, the fat component is fish oil.

The present inventors have found that, among the inner layer nutrients, when the amount of fish oil (fat component) to be added is 5 to 15 parts, preferably 6 to 12 parts, and more preferably 8 parts based on 65 parts of the protein component, gonadal development of female shrimps can be significantly promoted and the egg laying amount of female shrimps can be significantly increased. When the addition amount is less than 5 parts, the egg laying amount is not obviously improved; when the amount is more than 15 parts, the normal growth of parent shrimps is affected and the production cost is increased.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mineral is a multi-mineral premix which is a mixture of three or more of potassium chloride, monocalcium phosphate, ferrous lactate, selenium yeast, sodium selenite, cobalt sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, zeolite powder, sodium fluoride, and cobalt chloride monohydrate.

In a further preferred embodiment, the mineral is a mixture of three or more of monocalcium phosphate, ferrous lactate, selenium yeast, sodium selenite, cobalt sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, zeolite powder, and sodium fluoride.

In a still further preferred embodiment, the mineral is a mixture of monocalcium phosphate, selenium yeast, sodium selenite, cobalt sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and zeolite powder,

the weight ratio of the monocalcium phosphate, the selenium yeast, the sodium selenite, the cobalt sulfate, the zinc sulfate monohydrate, the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to the zeolite powder is 20 (0.005-0.008) to (1.5-2.0): (0.01-0.015): (8-12): (5-9): (6-12).

Preferably, the weight ratio of the monocalcium phosphate, the selenium yeast, the sodium selenite, the cobalt sulfate, the zinc sulfate monohydrate, the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and the zeolite powder is 20 (0.006-0.007) to (1.6-1.8): (0.012-0.015): (9-11): (6-8): (8-10).

Wherein the mineral is necessary for maintaining the life of the lobster, and comprises macroelements and microelements, and the addition of the above components and minerals by weight is beneficial to improving the growth speed of the lobster.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vitamin is a multivitamin premix comprising vitamin C and further comprising at least five of vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E, inositol, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, niacin, inositol, microcrystalline cellulose, and choline chloride.

In a further preferred embodiment, the vitamin is a mixture of vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin E, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, inositol, and choline chloride;

the weight ratio of the vitamin C, the vitamin B1, the vitamin B6, the vitamin E, the inositol, the folic acid, the inositol and the choline chloride is 50 (13-25): (10-18): (16-22): (20-25): (5-10): (15-20).

Preferably, the weight ratio of the vitamin C, the vitamin B1, the vitamin B6, the vitamin E, the inositol, the folic acid, the inositol and the choline chloride is 50 (15-20): (12-16): (18-20): (21-23): (6-8): (16-18).

The inventor researches and discovers that carbohydrate is a cheap energy source in the feed, but because the utilization rate of carbohydrate in the feed is low in Australia crayfish, excessive carbohydrate can be accumulated in the fat of the Australia crayfish, so that the liver of the crayfish is damaged, fatty liver is formed, and the healthy growth of the crayfish is influenced.

Therefore, the invention preferably adds vitamins into the breeding feed, and the ratio of the carbohydrate to the vitamins is (15-25): (1-3), preferably (18-23): (1.5 to 2.5), more preferably 21: 2, the liver of the lobster is normal, the immunity is high, and the survival rate of the hatched lobster fry is high.

In addition, the research of the inventor finds that the vitamin C is beneficial to promoting the gonad development of the parent shrimps, so that the proportion of the vitamin C in the vitamins of the parent shrimp feed is increased, and the mating rate of the parent shrimps is obviously increased.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner layer nutritional ingredients further comprise an immunopotentiator, a phagostimulant and a complex enzyme, wherein the amounts of the immunopotentiator, the phagostimulant and the complex enzyme are respectively 1.2-2.5 parts, 0.05-0.2 part and 0.06-0.15 part based on 65 parts of protein ingredients.

Preferably, the addition amounts of the immunopotentiator, the phagostimulant and the compound enzyme are respectively 1.5-2.0 parts, 0.08-0.15 part and 0.08-0.12 part based on 65 parts of protein components.

More preferably, the immunopotentiator, the phagostimulant and the complex enzyme are added in amounts of 1.8 parts, 0.1 part and 0.1 part, respectively, based on 65 parts of the protein component.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the immunopotentiator is selected from one or more of chitin, chitosan, lycium barbarum polysaccharide, coriolus versicolor polysaccharide, burdock polysaccharide, taurine, garlic juice, lecithin and soy isoflavone.

In a further preferred embodiment, the immunopotentiator is selected from one or more of chitosan, coriolus versicolor polysaccharide, burdock polysaccharide, taurine, garlic juice and lecithin.

In a further preferred embodiment, the immunopotentiator is burdock polysaccharide and lecithin, and the proportion of the burdock polysaccharide and the lecithin is (2-6): 5, preferably 4: 5.

The research of the inventor finds that the burdock polysaccharide is an effective bifidobacteria growth promoting factor, can obviously promote the growth and proliferation of the flora inhibiting bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of the parent shrimps, improve the immunity of the parent shrimps and improve the quality and the hatchability of fertilized eggs.

The research of the inventor finds that the addition of a certain proportion of lecithin in the parent shrimp feed can promote the gonad breeding and reproduction induction of the parent shrimp and is very beneficial to the organism recovery of the parent shrimp after spawning.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the phagostimulant comprises the following components in parts by weight:

preferably, the phagostimulant comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the inventor researches and discovers that the phagostimulant prepared from the components in the ratio can induce the parent shrimps to ingest, improve the utilization rate of the feed and promote the nutrition supplement of the parent shrimps; the residual feed in the water body can be reduced, and the secondary pollution of the excess feed to the water body is reduced, so that the disease risk of the parent shrimps is reduced, and the egg laying amount is increased.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the complex enzyme is selected from two or more of phytase, cellulase, mesophilic amylase, acid protease, xylanase and lipase.

In a further preferred embodiment, the complex enzyme is compounded by lipase, cellulase, mesophilic protease and xylanase, and the weight ratio of the complex enzyme is 5: (2-4): (5-8): (2-6), preferably 5: (2-3): (6-7): (3-5).

In the invention, because the feed adopts plant protein to replace part of animal protein, in order to improve the absorption and utilization rate of the protein of the parent shrimps, the compound enzyme compounded by lipase, cellulase, mesophilic protease and xylanase is preferably adopted, so as to improve the digestibility of the parent shrimps of the Australian freshwater lobster to the feed and improve the immunity.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner layer nutritional ingredients further comprise an antistaling agent and a forming agent, and the addition amounts of the antistaling agent and the forming agent are respectively 4-7 parts and 2-5 parts based on 100 parts of the total weight of the inner layer nutritional ingredients.

In a further preferred embodiment, the antistaling agent is a biological antistaling agent and is selected from one or more of sodium diacetate, EM bacterial liquid, lysozyme and tea polyphenol.

In a further preferred embodiment, the preservative is selected from one or more of sodium diacetate, EM bacterial liquid and tea polyphenol.

In the invention, the biological preservative is added to effectively inhibit the propagation of harmful microorganisms, so that the feed is preserved. When the addition amount of the preservative is less than 4 parts based on 100 parts of the total weight of the inner layer nutrient components, the optimal preservation effect on the feed cannot be achieved; when the addition amount is more than 7 parts, the preservation effect is not increased any more, the cost is increased by continuously increasing the amount of the preservative, and the palatability of the feed is influenced.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the forming agent is one or more of carrageenan, bone glue, xanthan gum, agar and furcellaran.

In a further preferred embodiment, the forming agent is agar.

According to the invention, the inner layer nutrient components are in a gel state under the action of the forming agent, so that the forming agent is beneficial to long-time shape maintenance in water and is suitable for feeding of Australia freshwater lobster in a brood mode, and the biological preservative is added, so that the breeding feed for the parent shrimps is not easy to decay and deteriorate, the water body can be prevented from being polluted, the living environment health of the parent shrimps is protected, and the immunity and egg laying amount of the parent shrimps are improved.

In a further preferred embodiment, the moisture content of the inner layer nutrient component is 8 to 20%, preferably 8 to 18%, and more preferably 8 to 15%.

In the invention, when the water content of the inner-layer nutrient components is set to be 8-20%, preferably 8-18%, and more preferably 8-15%, the inner-layer nutrient components have a good shape-preserving effect and can be tightly bonded with the outer-layer nutrient components.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer layer nutrient is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the inner layer nutrient:

preferably, based on 100 parts by weight of the inner layer nutrient component, the outer layer nutrient component is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

more preferably, the outer layer nutrient component is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the inner layer nutrient component:

the inventor finds that in the prior art, in order to keep the parent crayfish feed of the Australia crayfish not easy to disperse after being put into water, the beneficial microorganisms in the feed are easily inactivated through high-temperature curing and high-temperature plasmid processes in the preparation process of the feed. Therefore, the complex microbial inoculum is preferably prepared outside the gel type inner layer nutrient components, so that the activity of beneficial bacteria can be effectively ensured, and the utilization rate of the feed is improved.

Preferably, the thickness of the nutrient components on the outer layer is 3-6 mm, and preferably 4-5 mm.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the complex microbial agent is made of two or more of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, yeast, bacillus natto, photosynthetic bacteria and amino acid ferment bacteria.

In a further preferred embodiment, the complex microbial agent is prepared from bifidobacterium, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus natto and photosynthetic bacteria in a weight ratio of 3: (6-8): (3-6): (0.5 to 1.0), preferably 3: (6-7): (4-5): (0.7-0.9).

Wherein, the photosynthetic bacteria are preferably rhodopseudomonas palustris.

The inventor finds that the bifidobacterium can stimulate the immune system and the lymphatic tissue of the intestinal tract to generate secretory antibody-immunoglobulin A, so that the immunity of the parent shrimps is enhanced, and meanwhile, acidic substances such as lactic acid, acetic acid and the like generated by the metabolism of the bifidobacterium can keep the internal environment of the intestinal tract acidic, so that the growth of harmful bacteria is inhibited, the immunity of the parent shrimps is enhanced, and the mating rate of the parent shrimps is further improved.

The multiplication of lactic acid bacteria in the intestinal tract of animals produces a variety of inhibitory compounds, including bacteriocins, bacteriocinoids, and various antagonistic substances. The lactobacillus can also adhere to intestinal tract cells, and has space occupying competition and nutrient competition effects, and the generated organic acid can reduce the pH value in intestinal tract, inhibit proliferation of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Clostridium in intestinal tract, and reduce incidence of animal intestinal tract diseases.

The bacillus natto can generate a plurality of active hydrolytic enzymes, promote the degradation of nutrients in the feed and ensure that the lobster can absorb and utilize the feed more fully; has the characteristics of acid resistance and heat resistance, and can generate strong inhibiting effect on harmful microorganisms such as vibrio, escherichia coli, baculovirus and the like; and the part which is not ingested or is discharged along with the excrement of the lobsters can further purify the aquaculture water body, reduce the occurrence of shrimp diseases and effectively improve the immunity of parent shrimps and the hatchability of fertilized eggs.

The photosynthetic bacteria are rich in various vitamins, and simultaneously contain coenzyme Q10, antiviral substances and growth promoting factors, and the photosynthetic bacteria can be used as baits to promote the growth of parent shrimps, can culture zooplankton, increase the number of natural baits, and simultaneously can degrade nitrite, sulfide and other toxic substances in a water body, so that the effect of improving water quality is obvious.

In the invention, the weight ratio of lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, bacillus natto and photosynthetic bacteria in the composite microbial agent is set to be 3: (6-8): (3-6): (0.5 to 1.0), preferably 3: (6-7): (4-5): (0.7-0.9) so that the microbial inoculums have synergistic effect, nutrient substances required by the growth of the parent shrimps are guaranteed, the water environment can be deeply purified, and the breeding and hatching efficiency of the parent shrimps is improved.

In the invention, the compound microbial inoculum has the capability of regulating the flora structure in the intestinal tract of the parent shrimps and promoting the digestion and absorption of the parent shrimps; after the ingested complex microbial inoculum is discharged into the culture water body along with the excrements of the parent shrimps, the complex microbial inoculum can decompose toxic excrement and purify the culture water body of the parent shrimps. In addition, the composite microbial inoculum is prepared on the outer layer of the cultivation feed, so that the composite microbial inoculum can play a role in regulating the micro-ecology of the cultivation water body and maintaining the healthy living water body of the parent shrimps under the condition that the parent shrimps do not eat the composite microbial inoculum in time.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the complex microbial inoculum is applied in the form of a bacterial liquid, and is prepared according to the following steps:

and i, preparing initial bacterial liquid.

Wherein the initial bacterial liquid is prepared as follows:

and step i-1, putting clear water into a culture container, heating and increasing oxygen.

Wherein the heating is heating to ensure that the water temperature is 25 ℃.

And step i-2, adding glucose, fully dissolving, and adding a plurality of microbial inoculum.

Wherein the multiple microbial agents are bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus natto and photosynthetic bacteria (all powdery and commercially available), and the weight ratio of the multiple microbial agents is 3: (6-8): (3-6): (0.5 to 1.0), preferably 3: (6-7): (4-5): (0.7-0.9).

And i-3, intermittently stirring, and detecting the pH value and the total bacteria number of the mixed solution after a certain time to prepare the initial bacteria solution meeting the requirements.

In the invention, after adding a plurality of microbial inoculum, the oxygenation stirring is stopped after 2-2.5 h, then the oxygenation stirring is carried out again after 3-7 h, the circulation is carried out for 120-150 h, and the water temperature is kept at 25 ℃.

After circulating for 100-130 hours, detecting the pH value and the total bacteria number of the mixed solution until the pH value reaches 3-5 and the total bacteria number reaches (3.5-4.5) × 10⁷More than one. If not, continuously oxygenating and stirring until the initial bacterial liquid meeting the requirements is prepared.

In the present invention, the prepared initial bacterial liquid is preferably stored in a sealed and cool state.

And ii, mixing the initial bacterial liquid with water and glucose according to a ratio, continuously stirring, and preparing the final bacterial liquid after a certain time.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of the initial bacterial liquid to the water and the glucose is 5: (95-120): (0.4 to 0.5), preferably 5: (95-110): (0.4-0.45), and more preferably 5:105: 0.4.

Wherein, the water is put into a container, heated to the water temperature of 25 ℃, and simultaneously oxygenated, so that the water body in the container turns over up and down; and then adding glucose into water to be fully dissolved, adding the initial bacterial liquid, and carrying out uninterrupted oxygenation stirring.

In a further preferred embodiment, the uninterrupted oxygenation stirring time is 60-90 h, preferably 70-80 h, such as 72 h.

In the invention, after the uninterrupted oxygenation stirring is finished, the pH value and the total bacteria number of the bacteria liquid are detected, so that the pH value is 6-7, and the total bacteria number is (3.5-4.5) × 10⁷More than one. If not, continuously oxygenating and stirring until the final bacterial liquid meeting the requirements is prepared.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the plankton is zooplankton eggs, preferably one or more of rotifer eggs, artemia eggs, red worm eggs and daphnia eggs, more preferably one or more of rotifer eggs, artemia eggs and red worm eggs.

The inventor researches and discovers that after zooplankton eggs are added into parent shrimp feed and are thrown into a water body to be ingested, sufficient nutrient substances such as amino acid, protein, unsaturated fatty acid, inorganic elements and the like can be provided for the parent shrimps, and the feed has good palatability, is beneficial to the ingestion of the parent shrimps, and further improves the mating rate and the egg laying amount. And after the unphaged feed is soaked in the water body for a period of time, the zooplankton eggs can be dissolved out and further incubated into zooplankton to become bait for the parental shrimps to prey, so that the utilization rate of the feed is improved.

In the invention, based on 100 parts of inner layer nutrient components, the amount of zooplankton eggs is set to be 8-15 parts, preferably 10-13 parts, and more preferably 11 parts, so that nutrients necessary for growth of the parent shrimps are ensured, and the total amount of the zooplankton eggs can be controlled, so that the ecological balance of the parent shrimp culture water body is not influenced.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the additive comprises the following components in parts by weight:

10 portions of mulberry leaves

6-8 parts of Hangzhou white chrysanthemum

4-7 parts of liquorice

Preferably, the additive comprises the following components in parts by weight:

10 portions of mulberry leaves

Hangzhou white chrysanthemum 7 parts

And 5 parts of liquorice.

The Chinese herbal medicine additive with the components added in the invention can clear away heat and toxic materials, improve the endocrine function of parent shrimps and improve the growth rate and the feed utilization rate; the mulberry leaves can increase the egg laying amount of parent shrimps.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the complex microbial inoculum, plankton and Chinese herbal medicine additive in the outer layer nutritional ingredients are coated outside the inner layer nutritional ingredients through a binding agent, wherein the binding agent is selected from one or more of wheat flour, barley flour, corn flour, glutinous rice flour, broad bean flour and sweet potato flour.

In a further preferred embodiment, the binder is selected from one or more of barley flour, glutinous rice flour, broad bean flour and sweet potato flour.

In the invention, the binding agent of the kind is adopted, the composite microbial inoculum, plankton and additive can be effectively coated outside the inner layer nutrient components, and the composite microbial inoculum, plankton and additive are not loosened for a certain time, have certain hardness and accord with the ingestion characteristics of Australia crayfish.

The inventor finds that the binder is added in an amount of 8-15 parts by weight, preferably 9-13 parts by weight, and more preferably 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the inner layer nutrient component, so that the composite microbial inoculum, plankton and additives can be effectively coated and the parent shrimps can be fully utilized. When the amount of the binder added is less than 8 parts, the binding effect is poor; when the amount of the binder added is more than 15 parts, excessive binder dissolved in water affects liver metabolism of the parent shrimps, affects health conditions of the parent shrimps, and further reduces egg laying amount.

Even if the breeding feed is not ingested for a long time, the nutrient components on the outer layer are dispersed, and the dissolved compound bacteria and plankton can continue to play the roles of purifying water quality and providing nutrition. The inner layer nutrient component is gelatinous, so that the water can be preserved for a long time without deterioration.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, optionally, a coloring agent is further included in the outer nutritional ingredient to impart a readily discernible color to the feed in the body of water to facilitate feeding by the parent shrimp.

In a further preferred embodiment, the colorant is selected from astaxanthin and/or carotenoids.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the parent lobster feed for Australia crayfish, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, preparing inner layer nutrient components.

Wherein, step 1 comprises the following substeps:

step 1-1, weighing fat components and mixing with a preservative to obtain a mixed liquid.

Weighing fat components and the preservative according to the proportion in the breeding feed, and placing the mixture in a container to be uniformly stirred to obtain mixed liquid.

Step 1-2, weighing protein components, carbohydrate components, minerals and vitamins, and crushing to obtain a mixture.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pulverization is carried out by ultrafine pulverization to a fineness of 100 mesh or more, preferably 120 mesh or more.

The components are crushed to be more than 100 meshes, preferably to be more than 120 meshes, so that the uniform mixing of the feed in the subsequent preparation process is facilitated.

And step 1-3, adding the mixture obtained in the step 1-2 into the mixed liquid obtained in the step 1-1, then adding the immunopotentiator, the phagostimulant and the complex enzyme, and stirring and mixing.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring and mixing are performed under heating at a temperature of 40 to 55 ℃, preferably 45 to 55 ℃.

The present inventors have found that the efficiency of uniformly mixing raw materials can be improved by appropriately heating the raw materials in the process of mixing the raw materials of the respective components.

And 1-4, adding a forming agent into the mixed system obtained in the step 1-3, uniformly stirring, and cooling and forming to obtain the inner-layer nutrient component.

In the present invention, the forming agent is preferably agar.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the forming agent is added with water and heated to form a viscous solution, and then added to the mixed system of steps 1 to 3 while stirring.

Wherein the weight ratio of the forming agent to the added water is 1: (12-18), preferably 1: 15.

In a further preferred embodiment, the temperature of the forming agent solution added to the mixed system of the step 1-3 is 70-90 ℃.

The inventor finds that when the temperature of the added forming agent solution is lower than 70 ℃, the solution causes uneven forming of the nutrient components in the inner layer, and when the temperature is higher than 90 ℃, the activity of partial enzymes in the nutrient components in the inner layer is damaged, and the quality of the feed is influenced.

In a further preferred embodiment, the stirring time is 5 to 10 minutes.

Through long-term research, the inventor discovers that by adopting the raw materials in the proportion, adding the forming agent and stirring for 5-10 min at the solution temperature of 75-90 ℃, the water content of the obtained inner-layer nutrient component can be controlled to be 8-20%, preferably 8-18%, and more preferably 8-15%.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the inner layer nutrient components mixed with the forming agent are placed in a large container to be cooled and formed, and after solidification, the inner layer nutrient components are divided by a screen as needed.

And 2, coating the outer-layer nutrient components outside the inner-layer nutrient components to prepare the breeding feed.

Wherein, step 2 comprises the following substeps:

and 2-1, preparing the binder into slurry, and uniformly mixing the composite microbial inoculum, the plankton and the additive with the slurry.

In the invention, the binder is preferably prepared into slurry, the content of the binder in the slurry is 15-25%, and then the composite microbial inoculum, the plankton and the additive are uniformly mixed with the slurry according to the proportion.

Wherein the additive is powder obtained by mixing and crushing the components, and the fineness of the additive is more than 100 meshes, preferably more than 120 meshes.

And 2-2, spraying the uniformly mixed system in the step 2-1 to the outer surface of the inner layer nutrient component, and then drying to prepare the parent shrimp feed.

And (3) spraying the mixed system of the binder, the composite microbial inoculum, the plankton and the additive which are uniformly mixed in the step (2-1) onto the outer surface of the inner-layer nutrient component, wherein the thickness of the outer-layer nutrient component is 3-6 mm, preferably 4-5 mm, and then drying at room temperature to prepare the parent shrimp feed.

After the parent shrimp feed is prepared, the feed is preferably subjected to screening and packaging treatment.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, before the parent shrimps take eggs, the parent shrimp feed is put in 1 time every day, and the daily putting amount is 2-4% of the weight of the parent shrimps, and is preferably 3%;

after the parent shrimps take eggs, 2 times of feeds are fed every day, and the feeds are respectively fed in the morning and the evening, wherein the feeding amount in the morning is 30% of the feeding amount in the whole day, the feeding amount in the evening is 70% of the feeding amount in the whole day, and the feeding amount in each day is 2.5-5% of the weight of the parent shrimps, and the feeding amount is preferably 4%.

And step three, daily management.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the breeding and hatching of the parent shrimps, the daily management comprises monitoring the water temperature change daily so that the water temperature of the parent shrimps before mating is maintained at 28 ℃ and the water temperature after spawning is maintained at 27 ℃.

In a further preferred embodiment, the daily management further comprises monitoring dissolved oxygen of the water body and detecting water quality;

wherein the dissolved oxygen of the water body is kept at 7-11 mg/L.

In the invention, the water in the breeding and hatching pond needs to be periodically replaced, and the pond water is prevented from being replaced after the parent shrimps embrace eggs.

During the process of breeding and hatching, whether all parts of the breeding and hatching pond normally operate or not needs to be periodically checked so as to ensure the normal growth of the parent shrimps and the young shrimps.

Examples

The present invention is further described below by way of specific examples, which are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

Example 1

The breeding and hatching method of the invention is adopted for breeding, and the steps are as follows:

step one, constructing a breeding and hatching pond with the length of 6 meters and the width of 3.5 meters and the water depth of 0.5 meter in the pond as shown in figures 1 and 2 outdoors, uniformly arranging 2 oxygenation devices in the pond, wherein the aperture of a micropore on an aeration pipe of each oxygenation device is 0.03 mm;

applying quicklime to the water body according to 160 kg/mu 15 days before stocking the parent shrimps, then drying the pond 3 days later, storing water for 0.5 m, and adding a detoxifying agent (zeolite powder: vitamin C: Bacillus licheniformis: glucose: 90: 0.06: 5: 0.04) according to 300 g/mu;

regulating the water temperature of the aquaculture water body to 28 ℃, the dissolved oxygen amount in the water to 10 mg/L and the pH value of the water body to 8.0, and applying the 'multi-element' nutrient solution to the water body at the application amount of 1.5g/m 3.

Step two, pressing 14 tails/m²The parent shrimps (female shrimps: male shrimps are 3: 1) are put in the feeding amount, and before egg laying, the feed is put in according to 3 percent of the weight of the parent shrimps (1 time per day); after spawning, feeding feed accounting for 4 percent of the weight of the parent shrimps (2 times a day, 30 percent of the total daily amount is fed in the morning, and 70 percent of the total daily amount is fed in the evening);

preparing a parent shrimp breeding feed for Australia crayfish according to the following steps:

(1) weighing 80g of fish oil and 50gEM bacterial liquid (the viable bacteria content is 200 ten thousand CFU/ml, the water content is less than or equal to 9.0 percent) and uniformly mixing.

(2) 350g of fish meal, 150g of artemia powder, 150g of fermented soybean meal, 210g of soybean meal, 20g of minerals (monocalcium phosphate, selenium yeast, sodium selenite, cobalt sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and zeolite powder in a weight ratio of 20:0.006: 1.7: 0.013: 10:7: 9) and 20g of vitamins (vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin E, inositol, folic acid, inositol and choline chloride in a weight ratio of 50: 17: 15: 19: 22: 7: 17) are weighed, ground into 120-mesh superfine powder, and then mixed uniformly.

(3) Mixing the superfine pulverized mixture in the step (2) with the step (1), adding 8g of burdock polysaccharide, 10g of lecithin, 1g of feeding promoting agent (the weight ratio of histidine to arginine to laver to betaine to acanthopanax senticosus is 10:6:5:8:4) and 1g of complex enzyme (the weight ratio of lipase to cellulase to mesophilic protease to xylanase is 5:3:6:4), heating to 45 ℃, and uniformly stirring.

(4) And (3) taking 20g of agar, adding 300ml of water, heating to 80 ℃ to form a viscous solution, adding the viscous solution into the mixed system in the step (3) while stirring, pouring the viscous solution into a shaping container while the viscous solution is hot after stirring for 10 minutes, and then cutting the viscous solution into a plurality of small blocks with the side length of 10mm by using a screen to obtain inner-layer nutrient components.

(5) Adding water into 100g of glutinous rice flour to prepare slurry with the solid content of 20%, then adding 110g of zooplankton eggs (including 60g of red worm eggs and 50g of artemia cysts), 9g of composite microbial inoculum and 60g of additives (the weight ratio of mulberry leaves, chrysanthemum morifolium and liquorice is 10:7:5), and uniformly mixing;

the composite microbial inoculum is prepared by the following steps:

(5.1) putting clear water into a culture barrel, heating the clear water to the temperature of 25 ℃, and then oxygenating the water by using an oxygenation pump;

(5.2) adding glucose into water, fully dissolving, then adding lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, bacillus natto and photosynthetic bacteria powder (the adding ratio is 3:6: 4: 0.8), oxygenating and stirring for 2 hours, stopping, oxygenating and stirring again for 2 hours after 7 hours, circularly performing 130 hours, and keeping the water temperature at 25 ℃;

(5.3) detecting the pH and the total bacteria number of the mixed solution, wherein after circulation for 130 hours, the pH is 3-5, and the total bacteria number is 4.8 × 10⁷Taking the strain as initial bacterial liquid, sealing and storing in shade;

(5.4) weighing the components according to the ratio of the initial bacterial liquid to the water to the glucose of 5:105:0.4, then placing clear water in a culture barrel, heating the water to 25 ℃, using an oxygenation pump to oxygenate the water, adding the glucose into the water, fully dissolving, then adding the initial bacterial liquid, carrying out continuous oxygenation and stirring for 75 hours, then detecting the pH value of the bacterial liquid to be 6.5, and detecting the total bacterial number to be 3.5 × 10⁷And finally obtaining bacterial liquid, namely the compound bacterial agent.

(6) And (4) spraying the uniformly mixed system in the step (5) to the outer surface of the inner layer nutrient component, wherein the thickness is 4mm, and then drying at room temperature to prepare the parent shrimp feed of the Australia crayfish.

And (III) controlling the water temperature of the parent shrimps to be kept at 28 ℃ before mating, keeping the water temperature at 27 ℃ after spawning, adjusting the dissolved oxygen of the water body to be 10 mg/L, and controlling the pH of the water body to be 7.5-8.5.

Example 2

The process used in this example is similar to that of example 1, except that in step (I), the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water is 11 mg/L and the pH is 7.5.

Example 3

The procedure used in this example was similar to that of example 1, except that in step (ii), the ratio of female to male shrimps was 2:1 in the parent shrimps dosed.

Example 4

The method used in this example is similar to example 1, except that in step (two), the daily dosage of the parent shrimp feed was 2% of the parent shrimp weight before the parent shrimp became egg;

after the parent shrimps lay eggs, the daily feeding amount of the parent shrimp feed is 5 percent of the weight of the parent shrimps (30 percent of the whole day feeding amount in the morning and 70 percent of the whole day feeding amount in the evening).

Example 5

The procedure used in this example was similar to that of example 1, except that the amount of fish oil added in step (1) of step (two) was 60 g.

Example 6

The procedure used in this example is similar to that of example 1, except that 380g of fish meal and 170g of artemia meal are added in step (2) of step (two).

Example 7

The process used in this example was similar to that of example 1 except that in step (2) of step (two) the vitamins were added in amounts of vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin E, inositol, folic acid, inositol and choline chloride in a weight ratio of 50: 15: 12: 18: 21: 6: 16.

example 8

The procedure used in this example is similar to that of example 1, except that in step (3) of step (two), taurine is used instead of burdock polysaccharide.

Example 9

The procedure used in this example is similar to that of example 1, except that in step (5) of step (two), 130g of zooplankton eggs (including 80g of red worm eggs and 50g of rotifer eggs) are added.

Example 10

The method used in this example was similar to example 1 except that the amount of glutinous rice flour added in step (5) of step (two) was 130 g.

Comparative example

Comparative example1

This comparative example was conducted in a similar manner to example 1 except that the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water in the step (I) was 5 mg/L.

Comparative example 2

The method used in this comparative example is similar to that of example 1, except that in step (two), the feed was fed in an amount of 3% of the weight of the parent shrimps both before and after spawning, and was fed 1 time per day.

Comparative example 3

The comparative example used a method similar to that of example 1 except that in step (two), the parent shrimp feed was fed to include only the inner layer nutrient components.

Comparative example 4

The comparative example was carried out in a similar manner to example 1, except that the amount of fish oil added in step (1) was 20g during the preparation of the feed in step (ii).

Comparative example 5

The procedure used in this comparative example is similar to that of example 1, except that rapeseed oil was used instead of fish oil in step (1) of the feed preparation in step (ii).

Comparative example 6

The procedure used in this comparative example is similar to that of example 1, except that in step (2) the feed is prepared by adding 150g of fish meal, 150g of artemia powder and 350g of peanut meal.

Comparative example 7

The method used in this comparative example is similar to example 1, except that in step (two) the feed preparation process (3) is carried out without adding burdock polysaccharide and lecithin.

Comparative example 8

The comparative example was carried out in a similar manner to example 1, except that no zooplankton eggs were added in the feed preparation process (5) of step (ii).

Comparative example 9

The method used in this comparative example is similar to that of example 1, except that in step (ii), the preparation of the feed in step (5), the complex microbial inoculum is not added.

Examples of the experiments

Experimental example 1

The method of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1, 2 and 4 to 7 were carried out in 10 breeding hatcheries with the same conditions and specifications for parent shrimps, and after 40 days of cultivation, the average egg laying amount, fertilized egg hatchability and gonad development index of the female shrimps were counted, and the results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

Wherein, the female shrimp gonad index is × 100/× female shrimp ovary wet weight (g).

As can be seen from table 1, the breeding and hatching method for the australian crayfish according to the embodiment of the present invention can significantly improve the vitality of the parent crayfish and the maturation ratio of the gonads, and improve the quality and the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs, compared with the comparative example.

Experimental example 2

The lobster breeding was carried out in 4 breeding hatcheries of the same specification and condition according to the method described in example 1 and comparative examples 3, 8 and 9, respectively, wherein during the breeding, the artificial water purification operation was not carried out, and the water quality in the breeding ponds was measured on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after the breeding of the lobsters, and the results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

Wherein, the ammonia nitrogen content is measured by adopting a nano reagent spectrophotometry; nitrite content was determined by N- (1-naphthyl) -ethylenediamine spectrophotometry.

As can be seen from the table 2, the feed fed in the breeding and hatching process of the lobsters in the embodiment 1 of the invention has a significant synergistic effect on the purification of the aquaculture water body compared with the comparative examples 3, 8 and 9, and the growth speed of the ammonia nitrogen content and the nitrite content in the water body is slow and controlled at a lower level on the 7 th, 14 th, 21 th and 28 th days after the feed is fed, so that the healthy growth of the parent shrimps and the young shrimps is facilitated.

Experimental example 3

From the breeding and hatching feeds prepared in examples 1 and 10, 5 pellets were randomly taken out, placed in water, and the overall shape-keeping time (i.e., outer shape-keeping time) of the feeds and the shape-keeping time of the nutrients in the inner layer were measured, and the results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3

As can be seen from Table 1, the external nutrient components of the parent shrimp feed prepared by the embodiment of the invention can be kept in water for more than 6 hours without loosening, and can meet the ingestion characteristics of parent shrimps; the nutrient components in the inner layer can be kept for more than 149 hours in water, which is beneficial to the full ingestion of parent shrimps, can reserve enough time for manual cleaning and is beneficial to the maintenance of the quality of the aquaculture water body.

The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The method for breeding and hatching the Australia crayfish is characterized by comprising the following steps:

establishing a breeding and hatching pond;

step two, putting parent shrimps and feeding;

step three, daily management;

wherein, in the step (I), an isolation net (1) for separating parent shrimps and young shrimps is arranged in the breeding and hatching pond.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (one), the water body in the breeding and hatching pond is disinfected 10-15 days before the parent shrimps are put in the pond, the disinfection treatment is realized by splashing quicklime into the water body, and the application amount of the quicklime is 150-180 kg/mu.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (one), before the parent shrimps are thrown, the temperature, the dissolved oxygen and the pH value of the water in the culture pond are adjusted, so that the temperature of the water is 27-32 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 7-11 mg/L, and the pH is 7.5-8.5.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the parent shrimps are released in an amount of 12-16 tails/m²，

The feeding proportion of female shrimps and male shrimps in parent shrimps is (2-4): 1.

5. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the fed parent shrimp feed comprises an inner layer nutrient composition and an outer layer nutrient composition, wherein the inner layer nutrient composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:

6. the method according to claim 5, wherein the fat component is an animal fat, preferably selected from one or more of lard, tallow, chicken oil and fish oil;

the mineral is a multi-mineral premix which is a mixture of three or more of potassium chloride, monocalcium phosphate, ferrous lactate, selenium yeast, sodium selenite, cobalt sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, zeolite powder, sodium fluoride and cobalt chloride monohydrate.

7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inner layer nutrient components further comprise an immunopotentiator, a phagostimulant and a complex enzyme, wherein the immunopotentiator, the phagostimulant and the complex enzyme are added in amounts of 1.2-2.5 parts, 0.05-0.2 part and 0.06-0.15 part, respectively, based on 65 parts of the protein component.

8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the outer layer nutrient composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the inner layer nutrient composition:

9. the method according to claim 8, wherein the plankton is zooplankton eggs, preferably one or more of rotifer eggs, artemia eggs, red worm eggs and daphnia eggs;

the additive comprises the following components in parts by weight:

10 portions of mulberry leaves

6-8 parts of Hangzhou white chrysanthemum

4-7 parts of liquorice.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the complex microbial inoculum, plankton and herbal additive in the outer layer nutritional ingredient are coated outside the inner layer nutritional ingredient by a binder, wherein the binder is selected from one or more of wheat flour, barley flour, corn flour, glutinous rice flour, broad bean flour and sweet potato flour.

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