CN103499672A - Method and device for optionally adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constants - Google Patents
Method and device for optionally adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constants Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for optionally adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constants. During measurement, a solid radon source is placed on the plane of the adjusting device, an opening radon collecting cover of an existing device on the plane of the adjusting device, a plurality of small holes are formed in the plane of the adjusting device, the effective decay constants are adjusted by controlling the small holes to open and close, and the radon exhalation rate is adjusted by using the solid radon sources with different source strengths; the number of the small holes in the plane of the adjusting device is N, the diameter of the hole ranges from 0.1mm to 1mm, and the leakage coefficient of each hole is lambada leak1; if n small holes are sealed, the effective decay constants are calculated through a formula (4): lambada1 = lambada + (N-n)* lambada leak1. The adjusting device adopted by the method comprises a plane and an adjusting plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear radiation analogy method and device, particularly a kind ofly simulate the method and apparatus that radon is separated out.
Background technology
In air ambient, radon mainly comes from separating out of the dielectric surface such as soil, and method and the instrument of measuring media surface precipitation rate of radon have multiple.Because the variation with temperature, humidity and the air pressure of environment of the precipitation rate of radon of the dielectric surfaces such as soil has a greater change, therefore, the method of checking measurements radon eduction rate on medium furface and the accuracy of instrument and reliability, just need to not be subject to the precipitation rate of radon standard set-up of temperature, humidity and the air pressure change of environment.
Existing precipitation rate of radon standard set-up 10 as shown in Figure 11, comprise divergent-cone wall 10-1, plastic foamboard 10-2, plasterboard 10-3 and support 10-5, divergent-cone wall 10-1 is fixed on support 10-5, be fixedly mounted on the openend of divergent-cone wall 10-1 as the plastic foamboard 10-2 that separates out medium and plasterboard 10-3, be placed with a high emanation coefficient solid radon need 10-4 in divergent-cone wall 10-1, thereby assembled higher radon concentration in divergent-cone wall 10-1.For stability and the homogeneity that can guarantee precipitation rate of radon, simultaneously again can the simulating reality situation, the factor of porosity of plasterboard 10-3 and soil or tail are husky approaching, and it is difficult for moisture absorption, and the radium-bearing amount can be ignored, and has avoided radon is separated out the impact of stability; Plastic foamboard 10-2 only has fine open pore, and its effective diffusion cofficient and gas penetration potential (seepage flow) are all much lower than plasterboard, and this just makes in divergent-cone wall 10-1 to keep higher radon concentration, is subject to less again the impact of ambient pressure fluctuation.
During use, the collection radon cover 8 of an opening in existing measurement mechanism is covered on precipitation rate of radon standard set-up 10 and measured, its measuring process as shown in Figure 12, described existing measurement mechanism is by the collection radon cover 8 of opening, measuring chamber 2, secondary instrument 3, filtrator 4, drying tube 5 and pump 6 form, the collection radon cover 8 of opening is connected with the inlet end of pump 6 by pipeline, the outlet side of pump 6 is connected with an end of drying tube 5 by pipeline, the other end of drying tube 5 connects by an end of pipe-and-filter 4, the other end of filtrator 4 is connected with the inlet end of measuring chamber 2 by pipeline, the outlet side of measuring chamber 2 is connected with the collection radon cover 8 of opening by pipeline, semiconductor detector 2-1 in measuring chamber 2 is connected with secondary instrument 3 by wire.
Radon release rate process commonly used is: the collection radon cover 8 of an opening is buckled on testing medium surface 11, its measuring process as shown in Figure 13, due to the radon atom in medium, under diffusion and seepage effect, the effusion surface enters collection radon cover 8, causes collecting the interior radon concentration change of radon cover 8.Pump 6 will collect after radon cover 8 interior radons leach daughter by drying tube 5 and filtrator 4 and pump in measuring chamber 2 with constant flow rate always, and flow velocity 0.5-15 liter/min, make radon concentration and the radon concentration balance collected in radon cover 8 in measuring chamber 2.
Because the flow rate of pump 6 is larger, the radon concentration in measuring chamber 2 equates with the radon concentration in collection radon cover 8, and measuring chamber 2 interior radon concentration C are:
(2)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon; S is the floorage of collection radon cover 8; V is collection radon cover 8 spatial volumes;
for Effective Decay Constant, comprise the disintegration constant of radon
, the leadage coefficient of radon in collection radon cover
with the antidiffusion coefficient
; T is the time of collection radon.
The solution of formula (1) is:
The collection radon cover 9 that also can pack into airtight by testing medium 12 is interior realizes above-mentioned measurement, and its measuring process as shown in Figure 14.
The accuracy of the method for checking measurements radon eduction rate on medium furface and instrument and reliability on the precipitation rate of radon standard set-up, only under certain specific precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant condition, compare, be sufficient not, need the method that can regulate arbitrarily precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
What current precipitation rate of radon standard set-up adopted is diffusion type solid radon need, radon separate out the impact that substantially is not subject to environment temperature, humidity and air pressure change.From formula (2), can find out, when the antidiffusion effect very hour, just can regulate Effective Decay Constant by regulating leakage rate, for the solid radon need, can not consider the antidiffusion effect.
But there is a problem in existing precipitation rate of radon standard set-up 10, because the factor of porosity of plasterboard 10-3 and the hole on plastic foamboard 10-2 are fixed, so the precipitation rate of radon of precipitation rate of radon standard set-up 10 and Effective Decay Constant can not be adjusted arbitrarily.
Summary of the invention
The method and the device that the objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and a kind of any adjusting precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant are provided, for the method for checking other measuring media surface precipitation rate of radon and accuracy and the reliability of instrument.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method of any adjusting precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant, in measuring process, the solid radon need is placed on the panel of regulating device, opening collection radon cover in existing measurement mechanism is buckled on the panel of regulating device, the panel of regulating device is provided with a plurality of apertures, regulate Effective Decay Constant by the open and close of controlling aperture, by the solid radon need with different source strengths, regulate precipitation rate of radon.If the individual aperture on the panel of regulating device is N, aperture is 0.1mm-1mm, and the leakage coefficient of each aperture is
, if any n aperture, by shutoff, Effective Decay Constant is:
（4）
The regulating device that said method adopts comprises panel and adjustable plate.
The center of described panel bottom surface is provided with screw rod, screw rod is fixed on panel, be respectively equipped with leg on four corners of panel bottom surface, leg is fixed on panel, also be provided with a plurality of apertures on panel, a plurality of apertures are centered by the axis of screw rod, and the equidistant semicircular arc that is is distributed on panel.
The center of described adjustable plate is provided with screw hole, be bonded with respectively the rubber weather strip of semicircle annular and the rubber blanket of semicircle annular on the panel on adjustable plate one side, the height of rubber weather strip and rubber blanket is the same, and during the adjustable plate rotation, rubber blanket can not hide the aperture on panel.
During installation, by nut, adjustable plate is fixed on to the bottom surface of panel, and by the annular of the semicircle on adjustable plate rubber weather strip, the aperture on panel is sealed.Rotate adjustable plate, on the energy control panel, the open and close of aperture is regulated Effective Decay Constant.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is: in order accurately to determine the open and close quantity of aperture on panel when operating, bottom surface at panel is provided with count tag, be provided with the arrow mark on the panel of adjustable plate, on panel, aperture is N, and count tag is 0～N, when the arrow mark is aimed at 0 in count tag, mean that the aperture on panel all seals, aim at 1 in count tag when the arrow mark, mean to open an aperture, by that analogy.
The present invention further technical scheme is: while in the collection radon cover of packing into airtight by testing medium, measuring precipitation rate of radon, remove four legs on regulating device, regulating device directly is fixedly mounted on the side plate of airtight collection radon cover, the aperture on the regulating device panel communicates with the inner chamber of airtight collection radon cover.
The present invention compared with prior art has following features:
Method provided by the invention can realize precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant are regulated arbitrarily, and regulating device is simple and practical.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is to regulate arbitrarily the measuring process schematic diagram of precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant, and what in measurement mechanism, adopt is opening collection radon cover;
Accompanying drawing 2 is to regulate arbitrarily the measuring process schematic diagram of precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant, and what in measurement mechanism, adopt is airtight collection radon cover;
The structural representation that accompanying drawing 3 is regulating device;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the A-A cut-open view in accompanying drawing 3;
Accompanying drawing 5 is the rear view in accompanying drawing 3;
The structural representation that accompanying drawing 6 is panel;
Accompanying drawing 7 is the left view in accompanying drawing 6;
The structural representation that accompanying drawing 8 is adjustable plate;
Accompanying drawing 9 is the B-B cut-open view in accompanying drawing 8;
Accompanying drawing 10 is the rear view in accompanying drawing 8;
Accompanying drawing 11 is existing precipitation rate of radon standard set-up structural representation;
Accompanying drawing 13 is existing radon release rate process schematic diagram, and what in measurement mechanism, adopt is opening collection radon cover;
Accompanying drawing 14 is existing radon release rate process schematic diagram, and what in measurement mechanism, adopt is airtight collection radon cover.
Embodiment
A kind of method of any adjusting precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant, in measuring process, solid radon need 7 is placed on the panel 1-1 of regulating device 1, opening collection radon cover 8 in existing measurement mechanism is buckled on the panel 1-1 of regulating device 1, the panel 1-1 of regulating device 1 is provided with a plurality of aperture 1-1-1, regulate Effective Decay Constant by the open and close of controlling aperture 1-1-1, by the solid radon need 7 with different source strengths, regulate precipitation rate of radon.If the individual aperture 1-1-1 on the panel 1-1 of regulating device 1 is 9, aperture is 0.5mm, and the leakage coefficient of each aperture 1-1-1 is
, if any 3 aperture 1-1-1, by shutoff, Effective Decay Constant is:
（4）
The regulating device 1 that said method adopts comprises panel 1-1 and adjustable plate 1-2.
The center of described panel 1-1 bottom surface is provided with screw rod 1-1-3, screw rod 1-1-3 is fixed on panel 1-1, be respectively equipped with leg 1-1-2 on four corners of panel 1-1 bottom surface, leg 1-1-2 is fixed on panel 1-1, also be provided with 9 aperture 1-1-1 on panel 1-1,9 aperture 1-1-1 are centered by the axis of screw rod 1-1-2, and the equidistant semicircular arc that is is distributed on panel 1-1.
Described adjustable plate 1-2 center is provided with screw hole 1-2-1, be bonded with respectively the rubber weather strip 1-2-2 of semicircle annular and the rubber blanket 1-2-3 of semicircle annular on the panel on adjustable plate 1-2 one side, rubber weather strip 1-2-2 is the same with the height of rubber blanket 1-2-3, during adjustable plate 1-2 rotation, rubber blanket 1-2-3 can not hide the aperture 1-1-1 on panel 1-1.
During installation, by nut 1-3, adjustable plate 1-2 is fixed on to the bottom surface of panel 1-1, and by the annular of the semicircle on adjustable plate 1-2 rubber weather strip 1-2-2, the aperture 1-1-1 on panel 1-1 is sealed.Rotate adjustable plate 1-2, the open and close of the upper aperture 1-1-1 of energy control panel 1-1 is regulated Effective Decay Constant.
In the present embodiment, in order accurately to determine the open and close quantity of aperture 1-1-1 on panel 1-1 when operating, be provided with count tag 1-1-4 in the bottom surface of panel 1-1, be provided with arrow mark 1-2-4 on the panel of adjustable plate 1-2, the upper aperture 1-1-1 of panel 1-1 is 9, count tag 1-1-4 is 0～9, when arrow mark 1-2-4 aims at 0 in count tag 1-1-4, mean that the aperture 1-1-1 on panel 1-1 all seals, when arrow mark 1-2-4 aims at 1 in count tag 1-1-4, mean to open an aperture 1-1-1, by that analogy.
The existing measurement mechanism that the present embodiment adopts is by the collection radon cover 8 of opening, measuring chamber 2, secondary instrument 3, filtrator 4, drying tube 5 and pump 6 form, the collection radon cover 8 of opening is connected with the inlet end of pump 6 by pipeline, the outlet side of pump 6 is connected with an end of drying tube 5 by pipeline, the other end of drying tube 5 connects by an end of pipe-and-filter 4, the other end of filtrator 4 is connected with the inlet end of measuring chamber 2 by pipeline, the outlet side of measuring chamber 2 is connected with the collection radon cover 8 of opening by pipeline, semiconductor detector 2-1 in measuring chamber 2 is connected with secondary instrument 3 by wire.
In the present embodiment, also can substitute the collection radon cover 8 of an opening with airtight collection radon cover 9, solid radon need 7 is placed in airtight collection radon cover 9 and is measured.Remove four leg 1-1-3 on regulating device 1, regulating device 1 directly is fixedly mounted on the side plate of airtight collection radon cover 9, the aperture 1-1-1 on regulating device panel 1-1 communicates with the inner chamber of airtight collection radon cover 9.
Claims (4)
1. a method of regulating arbitrarily precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant, it is characterized in that: in measuring process, the solid radon need is placed on the panel of regulating device, opening collection radon cover in existing measurement mechanism is buckled on the panel of regulating device, the panel of regulating device is provided with a plurality of apertures, regulate Effective Decay Constant by the open and close of controlling aperture, by the solid radon need with different source strengths, regulate precipitation rate of radon;
If the individual aperture on the panel of regulating device is N, aperture is 0.1mm-1mm, and the leakage coefficient of each aperture is
, if any n aperture, by shutoff, Effective Decay Constant is:
2. the method for a kind of any adjusting precipitation rate of radon according to claim 1 and Effective Decay Constant, it is characterized in that: described regulating device comprises panel and adjustable plate;
The center of described panel bottom surface is provided with screw rod, screw rod is fixed on panel, be respectively equipped with leg on four corners of panel bottom surface, leg is fixed on panel, also be provided with a plurality of apertures on panel, a plurality of apertures are centered by the axis of screw rod, and the equidistant semicircular arc that is is distributed on panel;
The center of described adjustable plate is provided with screw hole, be bonded with respectively the rubber weather strip of semicircle annular and the rubber blanket of semicircle annular on the panel on adjustable plate one side, the height of rubber weather strip and rubber blanket is the same, and during the adjustable plate rotation, rubber blanket can not hide the aperture on panel;
During installation, by nut, adjustable plate is fixed on to the bottom surface of panel, and by the annular of the semicircle on adjustable plate rubber weather strip, the aperture on panel is sealed, rotate adjustable plate, on the energy control panel, the open and close of aperture is regulated Effective Decay Constant.
3. the method for a kind of any adjusting precipitation rate of radon according to claim 2 and Effective Decay Constant, it is characterized in that: in order accurately to determine the open and close quantity of aperture on the regulating device panel when operating, bottom surface at panel is provided with count tag, be provided with the arrow mark on the panel of adjustable plate, on panel, aperture is N, count tag is 0～N, when the arrow mark is aimed at 0 in count tag, mean that the aperture on panel all seals, when the arrow mark is aimed at 1 in count tag, mean to open an aperture, by that analogy.
4. the method for a kind of any adjusting precipitation rate of radon according to claim 1 and Effective Decay Constant, it is characterized in that: the collection radon cover that substitutes an opening with airtight collection radon cover, the solid radon need is placed in airtight collection radon cover and is measured, adopt in airtight collection radon cover while being measured, remove four legs on regulating device, regulating device directly is fixedly mounted on the side plate of airtight collection radon cover, the aperture on the regulating device panel communicates with airtight collection radon cover inner chamber.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104614753A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-13 | 南华大学 | Medium surface radon exhalation rate continuous measurement method and apparatus |
| CN104678767A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for randomly adjusting carbon dioxide flux and leakage and back-diffusion coefficients and standard device |
| CN105929443A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-07 | 衡阳师范学院 | Standard device and method for arbitrarily and actively adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant |
| CN105974086A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-28 | 衡阳师范学院 | Standard device and method for adjusting carbon dioxide flux and leakage and back-diffusion coefficients |
| CN108089221A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-05-29 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of reference unit and method for stablizing regulation and control precipitation rate of radon |
| CN108489771A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-09-04 | 南华大学 | Flow gas Soil Radon air source collection device and collection method |
| CN108896467A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-27 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of method and device of dynamic measurement porosity of soil |
| CN109655870A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Flow gas radon need arbitrarily adjusts the device and method of precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant |
| CN113325461A (en) * | 2021-05-22 | 2021-08-31 | 衡阳师范学院 | Device and method for adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant by using radon chamber |
| CN113325460A (en) * | 2021-05-22 | 2021-08-31 | 衡阳师范学院 | Device and method for adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant of radon exhalation rate standard device |
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| CN104678767A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for randomly adjusting carbon dioxide flux and leakage and back-diffusion coefficients and standard device |
| CN104614753A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-13 | 南华大学 | Medium surface radon exhalation rate continuous measurement method and apparatus |
| CN104614753B (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2017-09-26 | 南华大学 | A kind of method and apparatus of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface |
| CN105929443A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-07 | 衡阳师范学院 | Standard device and method for arbitrarily and actively adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant |
| CN105974086A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-28 | 衡阳师范学院 | Standard device and method for adjusting carbon dioxide flux and leakage and back-diffusion coefficients |
| CN105974086B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-01-16 | 衡阳师范学院 | Regulation of carbon dioxide flux and leakage and the standard set-up and method of back-diffusion coefficient |
| CN108089221A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-05-29 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of reference unit and method for stablizing regulation and control precipitation rate of radon |
| CN108089221B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2020-06-02 | 衡阳师范学院 | Reference device and method capable of stably regulating and controlling radon exhalation rate |
| CN108489771A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-09-04 | 南华大学 | Flow gas Soil Radon air source collection device and collection method |
| CN108489771B (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2020-06-05 | 南华大学 | Flowing gas type soil radon gas source collecting device and collecting method |
| CN108896467A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-27 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of method and device of dynamic measurement porosity of soil |
| CN108896467B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-12-29 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method and device for dynamically measuring soil porosity |
| CN109655870A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Flow gas radon need arbitrarily adjusts the device and method of precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant |
| CN113325461A (en) * | 2021-05-22 | 2021-08-31 | 衡阳师范学院 | Device and method for adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant by using radon chamber |
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