CN105929443A - Standard device and method for arbitrarily and actively adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant - Google Patents
Standard device and method for arbitrarily and actively adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant Download PDFInfo
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- CN105929443A CN105929443A CN201610275521.7A CN201610275521A CN105929443A CN 105929443 A CN105929443 A CN 105929443A CN 201610275521 A CN201610275521 A CN 201610275521A CN 105929443 A CN105929443 A CN 105929443A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
- G01T7/005—Details of radiation-measuring instruments calibration techniques
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Abstract
The invention provides a standard device and method for arbitrarily and actively adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant. The standard device comprises a panel, an adjustable micro pump, a flowmeter and an adsorption tube. The panel is provided with an inlet connector and an outlet connector. One end of the outlet connector on the panel is connected with an air inlet of the adjustable micro pump through a pipeline; an air outlet of the adjustable micro pump is connected with an air inlet of the flowmeter; an air outlet of the flowmeter is connected with an air inlet of the adsorption tube through a pipeline; an air outlet of the adsorption tube is connected with the inlet connector on the panel; an opening radon collection cover is covered on the panel, and the inlet connector and the outlet connector are covered in the opening radon collection cover. During measuring, a solid radon source is placed on the panel, and the opening radon collection cover is covered on the panel; and the effective decay constant [lambda]e is adjusted by controlling the flow rate of the adjustable micro pump, and the radon exhalation rate is adjusted through the solid radon sources with different activities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear radiation tech field, particularly a kind of the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant
Standard set-up and method.
Background technology
In air ambient, radon mostlys come from the precipitation of the dielectric surfaces such as soil, the method measuring radon eduction rate on medium furface
Have multiple with instrument.Owing to the precipitation rate of radon of the dielectric surfaces such as soil has bigger with the epidemic disaster of environment and the change of air pressure
Change, therefore, the method for inspection measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface and the accuracy of instrument and reliability, it is necessary to not by environment
Epidemic disaster and the precipitation rate of radon standard set-up of air pressure change.Prior art is to utilize to reveal little hole number and the change of area
Arbitrarily regulate Effective Decay Constant, but the impact accumulated in aperture due to dust in concrete practice, can cause effectively
Decay constant deviation preset value, affects the accuracy of device.
Conventional radon eduction rate on medium furface measures process as it is shown in figure 1, opening collection radon cover 5 is buckled in testing medium surface
On.Conventional particulate matter or cake mass radon release rate process are as in figure 2 it is shown, particulate matter 9 or block 8 materials load airtight
In shape collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber.
Owing to the radon atom in medium is under diffusion with seepage effect, effusion testing medium surface enters opening collection radon cover 5
Or the collecting chamber of closed collection radon cover 7, cause the collection indoor radon concentration of opening collection radon cover 5 or closed collection radon cover 7 to change.Pump
Radon in opening collection radon cover 5 or closed collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber is filtered by drying tube 4 and filter membrane 3 with constant flow rate by 6 always
Measuring chamber 2, flow velocity 0.5-2 liter/min is pumped into so that the radon consistence of measuring chamber 2 and opening collection radon cover 5 or closed collection after daughter
Radon consistence balance in radon cover 7 collecting chamber.
Semiconductor detector 2-1, semiconductor detector 2-1 is had to be connected with secondary meter 1 in measuring chamber 2,
Owing to the flow rate of pump 6 is relatively big, the collection radon cover bag that the radon consistence in measuring instrument is equal, described with the radon consistence in collection radon cover
Including opening collection radon cover 5 or closed collection radon cover 7, the radon consistence C in measuring instrument is:
(1)
(2)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon；S is the floor space of collection radon cover；V is collection radon cover spatial volume；For effectively decay
Constant, including the decay constant of radon, the leadage coefficient of radon in collection radon coverWith back-diffusion coefficient；T is the time of collection radon.
The solution of formula (1) is:
(3)
For ENVIRONMENT RADON CONTENT, multiple measurement period measurements in the collection radon cover obtained, radon consistence Changing Pattern just can pass through line
Property or nonlinear fitting obtain precipitation rate of radon.
On standard set-up, inspection measures the method for radon eduction rate on medium furface and the accuracy of instrument and reliability, only
Compare under the conditions of certain specific Effective Decay Constant, be the most sufficient, it is desirable to be able to arbitrarily regulation effectively decay
The method of constant.
From formula (2) it can be seen that when back-diffusion effect is the least, just can be by regulation leadage coefficientRegulate
Effect decay constant.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and
The standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant and method, utilize these apparatus and method to can be used in inspection and measure radon eduction rate on medium furface
Method and the accuracy of instrument and reliability.
The technical scheme is that the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant, including
Panel, adjustable micro pump, effusion meter and adsorption tube.
Described panel is provided with inlet suction port and air outlet adapter, and panel is use that the dense material of not radium-bearing makes flat
Panel, when opening collection radon cover be held on panel carry out radon release rate time, the panel that dense material is made can stop solid
The back-diffusion of body radon need.
Described dense material is glass and rustless steel.
Described adsorption tube is equipped with adsorbing the adsorbing material of radon, and described adsorbing material is activated carbon.
One end of air outlet adapter on panel is connected with the air inlet of adjustable micro pump by pipeline, going out of adjustable micro pump
QI KOU is connected with the air inlet of effusion meter by pipeline, and the gas outlet of effusion meter is connected with the air inlet of adsorption tube by pipeline,
Adsorption tube gas outlet be connected with the inlet suction port on panel by pipeline, opening collection radon cover covers on panel, and by air inlet
Joint and air outlet adapter cover in opening collection radon cover.
During measurement, solid radon need is placed on panel, cover upper shed collection radon cover, by controlling the flow rate of adjustable micro pump
Regulate Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need using different activity.
Owing to the radon in the confined space that opening collection radon cover and panel form cannot be escaped by leakage and back-diffusion effect
In ambient atmosphere, can only be drawn through effusion meter with air by adjustable micro pump and enter adsorption tube, the radon in air is adsorbed
After adsorbing material absorption in pipe, the air without radon enters opening collection radon cover and the confined space of panel composition, thus can
Enough flow rates by controlling adjustable micro pump regulate leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
The air inlet of the gas outlet of effusion meter in technique scheme with adsorption tube is disconnected, it is also possible to by controlling trace
The flow rate of pump regulates Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need using different activity.
Owing to the radon in the confined space that opening collection radon cover and panel form cannot be escaped by leakage and back-diffusion effect
In ambient atmosphere, effusion meter can only be drawn through with air by adjustable micro pump and enter outside air, the radon in outside air
After adsorbing material absorption in adsorbed pipe, the air without radon enters opening collection radon cover and the confined space of panel composition, this
Sample just can regulate leakage and back-diffusion coefficient by the flow rate controlling adjustable micro pump.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is: replace panel, going out on closed collection radon cover with closed collection radon cover
The air inlet by pipeline with adjustable micro pump of gas joint is connected, and the gas outlet of adjustable micro pump is by pipeline and effusion meter
Air inlet connects, and the gas outlet of effusion meter is connected with the air inlet of adsorption tube by pipeline, adsorption tube gas outlet pass through to manage
Road is connected with the inlet suction port on closed collection radon cover.
During measurement, solid radon need is placed in closed collection radon cover, is regulated by the flow rate controlling adjustable micro pump
Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need using different activity.
Owing to the radon in confined space in closed collection radon cover cannot escape into extraneous big by leakage and back-diffusion effect
In gas, can only be drawn through effusion meter with air by adjustable micro pump and enter adsorption tube, the radon in air is adsorbed the suction in pipe
After enclosure material absorption, the air without radon enters the confined space in closed collection radon cover, this makes it possible to by controlling adjustable
The flow rate of micro pump regulates leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
The air inlet of the gas outlet of effusion meter in technique scheme with adsorption tube is disconnected, it is also possible to by controlling trace
The flow rate of pump regulates Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need using different activity.
Owing to the radon in confined space in closed collection radon cover cannot escape into extraneous big by leakage and back-diffusion effect
In gas, effusion meter can only be drawn through with air by adjustable micro pump and enter outside air, the adsorbed pipe of the radon in outside air
In adsorbing material absorption after, air without radon enters the confined space in closed collection radon cover, this makes it possible to by control
The flow rate making adjustable micro pump regulates leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
The present invention compared with prior art has a characteristic that
The apparatus structure that the present invention provides is simple, and control method is simple and reliable, and precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant can be any
Regulation.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the detailed construction of the present invention is further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is conventional employing opening collection radon cover radon eduction rate on medium furface measurement apparatus structural representation；
Accompanying drawing 2 is conventional employing closed collection radon cover radon eduction rate on medium furface measurement apparatus structural representation；
Accompanying drawing 3 uses opening collection radon cover the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard of Effective Decay Constant for what the present invention provided
Apparatus structure schematic diagram, in figure, the gas outlet of effusion meter 12 is connected with the air inlet of adsorption tube 13 by pipeline；
Accompanying drawing 4 uses opening collection radon cover the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard of Effective Decay Constant for what the present invention provided
Apparatus structure schematic diagram, in figure, the gas outlet of effusion meter 12 is disconnected by the air inlet of pipeline with adsorption tube 13；
Accompanying drawing 5 uses closed collection radon cover the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the mark of Effective Decay Constant for what the present invention provided
Standard apparatus structural representation, in figure, the gas outlet of effusion meter 12 is connected with the air inlet of adsorption tube 13 by pipeline；
Accompanying drawing 6 uses closed collection radon cover the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the mark of Effective Decay Constant for what the present invention provided
Standard apparatus structural representation, in figure, the gas outlet of effusion meter 12 is disconnected by the air inlet of pipeline with adsorption tube 13.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one, actively arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant, including panel 10, adjustable
Micro pump 11, effusion meter 12 and adsorption tube 13.
Described panel 10 is provided with inlet suction port 10-1 and air outlet adapter 10-2, and panel 10 is the densification using not radium-bearing
The surface plate that material is made, when opening collection radon cover 5 be held in carry out radon release rate on panel 10 time, dense material is made
Panel 10 can stop the back-diffusion of solid radon need.
Described dense material is glass and rustless steel.
Described adsorption tube 13 is equipped with adsorbing the adsorbing material of radon, and described adsorbing material is activated carbon.
One end of air outlet adapter 10-2 on panel 10 is connected with the air inlet of adjustable micro pump 11 by pipeline, adjustable micro-
The gas outlet of amount pump 11 is connected with the air inlet of effusion meter 12 by pipeline, and pipeline and adsorption tube are passed through in the gas outlet of effusion meter 12
The air inlet of 13 connects, adsorption tube 13 gas outlet be connected with the inlet suction port 10-1 on panel 10 by pipeline, opening collection
Radon cover 5 covers on the faceplate 10, and is covered in opening collection radon cover 5 by inlet suction port 10-1 and air outlet adapter 10-2.
During measurement, placing on the faceplate 10 by solid radon need 8, cover upper shed collection radon cover 5, by controlling adjustable micro pump 11
Flow rate regulate Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need 8 using different activity.Owing to opening
Radon in the confined space of mouth collection radon cover 5 and panel 10 composition cannot escape into ambient atmosphere by leakage and back-diffusion effect
In, effusion meter 12 can only be drawn through with air by adjustable micro pump 11 and enter adsorption tube 13, the radon in air is adsorbed pipe 13
In adsorbing material absorption after, air without radon enters opening collection radon cover 5 and the confined space of panel 10 composition, thus can
Enough flow rates by controlling adjustable micro pump regulate leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
Embodiment two, the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant, reference example one, with
Unlike embodiment one: the air inlet of the gas outlet of effusion meter 12 with adsorption tube 13 is disconnected, by controlling micro pump 11
Flow rate regulates Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need 8 using different activity.Due to opening
Radon in the confined space of collection radon cover 5 and panel 10 composition cannot escape in ambient atmosphere by leakage and back-diffusion effect,
Can only be drawn through effusion meter 12 with air by adjustable micro pump 11 and enter outside air, the radon in outside air is adsorbed pipe 13
In adsorbing material absorption after, air without radon enters opening collection radon cover 5 and the confined space of panel 10 composition, thus can
Enough flow rates by controlling adjustable micro pump regulate leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
Embodiment three, the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant, reference example one, with
Unlike embodiment one: with closed collection radon cover 7 replacement panel 10, the air outlet adapter 7-2 on closed collection radon cover 7 passes through
Pipeline is connected with the air inlet of adjustable micro pump 11, and the gas outlet of adjustable micro pump 11 is by the air inlet of pipeline with effusion meter 12
Connecting, the gas outlet of effusion meter 12 is connected with the air inlet of adsorption tube 13 by pipeline, adsorption tube 13 gas outlet pass through to manage
Road is connected with the inlet suction port 7-1 on closed collection radon cover 7.
During measurement, solid radon need 8 is placed in closed collection radon cover 7, is come by the flow rate controlling adjustable micro pump 11
Regulation Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need 8 using different activity.Due to closed collection radon
In cover 7, the radon in confined space cannot escape in ambient atmosphere by leakage and back-diffusion effect, can only be adjustable with air
Micro pump 11 is drawn through effusion meter 12 and enters adsorption tube 13, after the adsorbing material absorption that the radon in air is adsorbed in pipe 13,
Air without radon enters the confined space in closed collection radon cover 7, this makes it possible to the stream by controlling adjustable micro pump 11
Rate regulates leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
Embodiment four, the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant, reference example three, with
Unlike embodiment three: the air inlet of the gas outlet of effusion meter 12 with adsorption tube 13 is disconnected, by controlling micro pump 11
Flow rate regulates Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need 8 using different activity.Due to airtight
In shape collection radon cover 7, the radon in confined space cannot escape in ambient atmosphere by leakage and back-diffusion effect, can only be with air
Being drawn through effusion meter 12 by adjustable micro pump 11 and enter outside air, the radon in outside air is adsorbed the adsorption material in pipe 13
After material absorption, the air without radon enters the confined space in closed collection radon cover 7, this makes it possible to by controlling adjustable trace
The flow rate of pump 11 regulates leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
Claims (8)
1. the most arbitrarily regulate precipitation rate of radon and the standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant, it is characterized in that: include panel, adjustable trace
Pump, effusion meter and adsorption tube；
Described panel is provided with inlet suction port and air outlet adapter, and panel is the plane using the dense material of not radium-bearing to make
Plate, when opening collection radon cover be held on panel carry out radon release rate time, the panel that dense material is made can stop solid
The back-diffusion of radon need；
Described dense material is glass and rustless steel；
Described adsorption tube is equipped with adsorbing the adsorbing material of radon, and described adsorbing material is activated carbon；
One end of air outlet adapter on panel is connected with the air inlet of adjustable micro pump by pipeline, the gas outlet of adjustable micro pump
Being connected with the air inlet of effusion meter by pipeline, the gas outlet of effusion meter is connected with the air inlet of adsorption tube by pipeline, absorption
Pipe gas outlet be connected with the inlet suction port on panel by pipeline, opening collection radon cover covers on panel, and by inlet suction port
Cover in opening collection radon cover with air outlet adapter.
2. the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
The air inlet of the gas outlet of effusion meter with adsorption tube is disconnected.
3. the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Panel, the air inlet by pipeline Yu adjustable micro pump of the air outlet adapter on closed collection radon cover is replaced with closed collection radon cover
Connecting, the gas outlet of adjustable micro pump is connected with the air inlet of effusion meter by pipeline, the gas outlet of effusion meter pass through pipeline and
The air inlet of adsorption tube connects, adsorption tube gas outlet be connected with the inlet suction port on closed collection radon cover by pipeline.
4. the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the standard set-up of Effective Decay Constant as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that:
The air inlet of the gas outlet of effusion meter with adsorption tube is disconnected.
5. using device as claimed in claim 1 the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the method for Effective Decay Constant, it is special
Levy and be: during measurement, solid radon need is placed on panel, cover upper shed collection radon cover, is come by the flow rate controlling adjustable micro pump
Regulation Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need using different activity；
Outside cannot being escaped into by leakage and back-diffusion effect due to the radon in the confined space that opening collection radon cover and panel form
In boundary's air, can only be drawn through effusion meter with air by adjustable micro pump and enter adsorption tube, the radon in air is adsorbed in pipe
Adsorbing material absorption after, air without radon enters opening collection radon cover and the confined space of panel composition, this makes it possible to lead to
Cross and control the flow rate of adjustable micro pump and regulate leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
6. using device as claimed in claim 2 the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the method for Effective Decay Constant, it is special
Levy and be: during measurement, solid radon need is placed on panel, cover upper shed collection radon cover, is come by the flow rate controlling adjustable micro pump
Regulation Effective Decay Constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need using different activity；
Outside cannot being escaped into by leakage and back-diffusion effect due to the radon in the confined space that opening collection radon cover and panel form
In boundary's air, can only be drawn through effusion meter with air by adjustable micro pump and enter outside air, the radon in outside air is inhaled
After adsorbing material absorption in attached pipe, the air without radon enters opening collection radon cover and the confined space of panel composition, thus
Leakage and back-diffusion coefficient can be regulated by the flow rate controlling adjustable micro pump.
7. using device as claimed in claim 3 the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the method for Effective Decay Constant, it is special
Levy and be: during measurement, solid radon need is placed in closed collection radon cover, regulated effectively by the flow rate controlling adjustable micro pump
Decay constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need using different activity；
Owing to the radon in confined space in closed collection radon cover cannot escape in ambient atmosphere by leakage and back-diffusion effect,
Can only be drawn through effusion meter with air by adjustable micro pump and enter adsorption tube, the radon in air is adsorbed the adsorbing material in pipe
After absorption, the air without radon enters the confined space in closed collection radon cover, this makes it possible to by controlling adjustable micro pump
Flow rate regulate leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
8. using device as claimed in claim 4 the most arbitrarily regulation precipitation rate of radon and the method for Effective Decay Constant, it is special
Levy and be: during measurement, solid radon need is placed in closed collection radon cover, regulated effectively by the flow rate controlling adjustable micro pump
Decay constant, and regulate precipitation rate of radon by the solid radon need using different activity；
Owing to the radon in confined space in closed collection radon cover cannot escape in ambient atmosphere by leakage and back-diffusion effect,
Can only be drawn through effusion meter with air by adjustable micro pump and enter outside air, the radon in outside air is adsorbed the suction in pipe
After enclosure material absorption, the air without radon enters the confined space in closed collection radon cover, this makes it possible to by controlling adjustable
The flow rate of micro pump regulates leakage and back-diffusion coefficient.
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| CN109521462A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-26 | 衡阳师范学院 | Adjust the precipitation rate of radon standard set-up and method of precipitation rate of radon |
| CN109655870A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Flow gas radon need arbitrarily adjusts the device and method of precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant |
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| CN108303243A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-20 | 嘉兴林众电子科技有限公司 | Micro pump flow testing system |
| CN108089221A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-05-29 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of reference unit and method for stablizing regulation and control precipitation rate of radon |
| CN108089221B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2020-06-02 | 衡阳师范学院 | Reference device and method capable of stably regulating and controlling radon exhalation rate |
| CN108646286A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-10-12 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of reference unit and method of continuous reliable regulation and control precipitation rate of radon |
| CN109655870A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-19 | 衡阳师范学院 | Flow gas radon need arbitrarily adjusts the device and method of precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant |
| CN109521462A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-26 | 衡阳师范学院 | Adjust the precipitation rate of radon standard set-up and method of precipitation rate of radon |
| CN113325460A (en) * | 2021-05-22 | 2021-08-31 | 衡阳师范学院 | Device and method for adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant of radon exhalation rate standard device |
| CN113325461A (en) * | 2021-05-22 | 2021-08-31 | 衡阳师范学院 | Device and method for adjusting radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant by using radon chamber |
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