CN105158788B - The method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon - Google Patents
The method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon Download PDFInfo
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- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 218
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 215
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种开环式同步测量有效衰变常数及氡析出率的方法，包括测量过程和计算过程，通过对集氡罩收集室内氡浓度上升曲线数据进行分析，对现有的计算方法进行修正，并进行简单计算就能够得到的较准确的氡析出率。测量过程采用较短的时间间隔测量，既2‑10分钟测量一次，测量n个周期直到集氡罩收集室内的氡浓度趋于恒定值。计算过程将测量得到的n个周期的氡浓度数据定义为n个周期中点的氡浓度，再利用式（7）进行非线性数据拟合，就能够同步得到氡析出率和有效衰变常数。
An open-loop method for synchronously measuring the effective decay constant and radon exhalation rate, including the measurement process and the calculation process, through the analysis of the radon concentration rise curve data in the collection room of the radon hood, the existing calculation method is corrected, and the A more accurate radon exhalation rate can be obtained by simple calculation. The measurement process adopts a short time interval measurement, that is, a measurement every 2-10 minutes, and n cycles of measurement until the radon concentration in the radon hood collection room tends to a constant value. In the calculation process, the measured radon concentration data of n periods is defined as the radon concentration at the midpoint of n periods, and then the nonlinear data fitting is carried out by using formula (7), so that the radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant can be obtained simultaneously.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及核辐射探测技术领域测量氡析出率的方法，特别是一种开环式同步测量有效衰变常数及氡析出率的方法。The invention relates to a method for measuring radon exhalation rate in the technical field of nuclear radiation detection, in particular to an open-loop method for synchronously measuring effective decay constant and radon exhalation rate.
背景技术Background technique
空气环境中氡主要来自于介质表面的析出，测量介质表面氡析出率的主要方法有累积法、开环式和活性炭吸附法等。活性炭吸附法是利用活性炭对析出氡的吸附，通过对吸附在活性炭中的氡衰变产生的γ谱进行测量求出氡析出率，该方法测量时间长、不易实现自动化；累积法主要是用于测量一段时间内的平均氡析出率，具有重要的统计意义和参考价值，但是不易长期连续监测氡析出率的变化。Radon in the air environment mainly comes from the precipitation on the surface of the medium. The main methods for measuring the precipitation rate of radon on the surface of the medium include the accumulation method, the open-loop method, and the activated carbon adsorption method. The activated carbon adsorption method is to use activated carbon to adsorb the precipitated radon, and obtain the radon precipitation rate by measuring the γ spectrum generated by the decay of radon adsorbed in the activated carbon. This method takes a long time to measure and is not easy to automate; the accumulation method is mainly used for measuring The average radon exhalation rate over a period of time has important statistical significance and reference value, but it is not easy to monitor the change of radon exhalation rate continuously for a long time.
开环式氡析出率测量法是利用泵将外界空气主动引入集氡罩收集室，然后通过一个小干燥管后送入静电收集法测氡仪的测量腔，测量从集氡罩收集室引出的空气中氡的浓度。传统的开环式测量氡析出率的方法都忽略了有效衰变常数的影响，但研究表明：当集氡罩收集室的换气率不满足远远大于有效衰变常数时，测量误差较大。目前也有方法利用两次测量得到有效衰变常数，但是比较复杂。The open-loop radon exhalation rate measurement method is to use a pump to actively introduce the outside air into the radon collection chamber, and then send it through a small drying tube into the measurement chamber of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument to measure the radon from the radon collection chamber. The concentration of radon in the air. The traditional open-loop method of measuring the radon exhalation rate ignores the influence of the effective decay constant, but the research shows that when the air exchange rate of the radon hood collection chamber is not satisfied and is far greater than the effective decay constant, the measurement error is large. At present, there is also a method to obtain the effective decay constant by using two measurements, but it is more complicated.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的上述不足而提供一种开环式同步测量有效衰变常数及氡析出率的方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and provide an open-loop method for synchronously measuring the effective decay constant and radon exhalation rate.
本发明的技术方案是：一种开环式同步测量有效衰变常数及氡析出率的方法，包括测量过程和计算过程，通过对集氡罩收集室内氡浓度上升曲线数据进行分析，对现有的计算方法进行修正，并进行简单计算就能够得到的较准确的氡析出率。其具体操作如下：The technical scheme of the present invention is: an open-loop synchronous method for measuring the effective decay constant and radon exhalation rate, including a measurement process and a calculation process, by analyzing the radon concentration rising curve data in the radon collection room, the existing The calculation method is corrected, and a more accurate radon exhalation rate can be obtained by simple calculation. Its specific operation is as follows:
一、测量过程：1. Measurement process:
将开口集氡罩扣在待测介质的表面上，或将待测介质装入密闭集氡罩收集室内，由于待测介质内的氡原子在扩散与渗流作用下，逸出表面进入集氡罩收集室，导致集氡罩收集室内氡浓度变化，泵一直以恒定流速将外界的空气从集氡罩的进气口抽入集氡罩收集室，与集氡罩收集室内的空气混合均匀后，再从集氡罩的出气口泵入干燥管，然后送入静电收集法测氡仪的测量腔，流速0.5-15升/分钟，使得测氡仪测量腔内的氡浓度与集氡罩收集室内的氡浓度平衡，流量计用来测量流量。Buckle the open radon collection hood on the surface of the medium to be tested, or put the medium to be tested into the closed radon collection chamber, and the radon atoms in the medium to be measured will escape from the surface and enter the radon collection hood under the action of diffusion and seepage. The collection chamber causes the radon concentration in the collection chamber of the radon collection hood to change. The pump always draws the outside air from the air inlet of the radon collection hood into the collection chamber of the radon collection hood at a constant flow rate. After mixing evenly with the air in the collection chamber of the radon collection hood, Then pump into the drying pipe from the outlet of the radon collecting hood, and then send it into the measuring cavity of the radon measuring instrument by the electrostatic collection method. To balance the radon concentration, a flow meter is used to measure the flow.
测量过程采用较短的时间间隔测量，既2-10分钟测量一次，测量n个周期直到集氡罩收集室内的氡浓度趋于恒定值。The measurement process adopts a short time interval measurement, that is, one measurement every 2-10 minutes, and n cycles of measurement until the radon concentration in the radon hood collection room tends to a constant value.
二、计算过程：2. Calculation process:
由于泵的流率较大，静电收集法测氡仪测量腔内的氡浓度与集氡罩收集室内的氡浓度相等，外界环境空气氡浓度非常低，可以近似为0。Due to the large flow rate of the pump, the radon concentration in the measurement chamber of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument is equal to the radon concentration in the collection chamber of the radon collecting hood, and the radon concentration in the external ambient air is very low, which can be approximately 0.
静电收集法测氡仪测量腔内的氡浓度C（t）为：The radon concentration C(t) in the measurement chamber of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument is:
(1) (1)
J为被测介质表面氡析出率；S为集氡罩收集室的底面积，面积单位为cm2；V为集氡罩收集室体积，体积单位为升；L为泵的流率；为有效衰变常数，包括氡的衰变常数，集氡罩收集室内氡的泄漏系数和反扩散系数； t为集氡的时间。J is the radon precipitation rate on the surface of the measured medium; S is the bottom area of the radon collecting chamber, and the area unit is cm 2 ; V is the volume of the radon collecting chamber, and the volume unit is liter; L is the flow rate of the pump; is the effective decay constant, including that of radon , set the leakage coefficient of radon in the radon hood collection room and back diffusion coefficient ; t is the radon collection time.
当时，且集氡罩收集室内的氡浓度趋于恒定值时，即，氡析出率就能够由式（1）变化得到：when , and when the radon concentration in the collection room of the radon hood tends to a constant value, that is , the radon exhalation rate can be obtained by changing formula (1):
(2) (2)
式（2）就是传统的开环式氡析出率测量方法。Equation (2) is the traditional open-loop radon exhalation rate measurement method.
式（1）能够改写为：Formula (1) can be rewritten as:
（3） (3)
式（3）的解为：The solution of formula (3) is:
（4） (4)
对于静电收集法测氡仪，其实际测量的是氡衰变产生的Po-218的浓度，对于Po-218的浓度CPo(t)有：For the radon measuring instrument by electrostatic collection method, what it actually measures is the concentration of Po-218 produced by radon decay, and the concentration C Po (t) of Po-218 is:
(5) (5)
将式（4）带入式（5）得：Put formula (4) into formula (5) to get:
（6） (6)
初始Po-218的浓度为0，式（6）的解为：The initial concentration of Po-218 is 0, and the solution of formula (6) is:
（7） (7)
将测量得到的n个周期的氡浓度数据定义为n个周期中点的氡浓度，再利用式（7）进行非线性数据拟合，就能够同步得到氡析出率和有效衰变常数。Define the measured radon concentration data of n cycles as the radon concentration at the midpoint of n cycles, and then use equation (7) to perform nonlinear data fitting, so that the radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant can be obtained simultaneously.
上述方法采用的测量装置由集氡罩、泵、干燥管、静电收集法测氡仪及流量计组成，集氡罩的出气口接头通过管道与泵的进气口连接，泵的出气口通过管道与干燥管连接，干燥管的另一端通过管道与静电收集法测氡仪测量腔的进气口连接，静电收集法测氡仪测量腔的出气口通过管道与流量计的进气口连接，流量计的出气口通过管道与外界空气相通。The measuring device adopted in the above method is composed of a radon collecting hood, a pump, a drying tube, an electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument and a flowmeter. It is connected with the drying pipe, and the other end of the drying pipe is connected with the air inlet of the measuring chamber of the radon meter by electrostatic collection method through a pipe, and the gas outlet of the measuring chamber of the radon meter by electrostatic collection method is connected with the air inlet of the flowmeter through a pipe, and the flow rate The air outlet of the meter communicates with the outside air through the pipe.
集氡罩包括开口集氡罩和密闭集氡罩。Radon hoods include open radon hoods and closed radon hoods.
开口集氡罩为一个底端开口的矩形容器，开口集氡罩的顶板上设有进气口接头，其侧板上设有出气口接头。The open radon collecting hood is a rectangular container with an open bottom, the top plate of the open radon collecting hood is provided with an air inlet joint, and the side plate is provided with an air outlet joint.
密闭集氡罩包括一个底端开口的矩形容器及密封板，矩形容器的顶板上设有进气口接头，其侧板上设有出气口接头，密封板与矩形容器的开口端采用螺钉连接，通过密封板将矩形容器的开口端封闭。The airtight radon collection hood consists of a rectangular container with an open bottom and a sealing plate. The top plate of the rectangular container is provided with an air inlet joint, and the side plate is provided with an air outlet joint. The sealing plate is connected with the opening end of the rectangular container by screws. The open end of the rectangular container is closed by a sealing plate.
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下特点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics:
本发明与传统的开环式测量氡析出率的方法相比，通过对集氡罩收集室内氡浓度上升曲线数据进行分析，对现有的计算方法进行修正，并进行简单计算就能够得到的较准确的氡析出率，测量过程及计算方法简单，结果准确。Compared with the traditional open-loop method for measuring the radon exhalation rate, the present invention analyzes the radon concentration rise curve data in the collection room of the radon hood, corrects the existing calculation method, and performs a simple calculation to obtain a relatively Accurate radon exhalation rate, simple measurement process and calculation method, accurate results.
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的详细结构作进一步描述。The detailed structure of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1为采用开口集氡罩进行测量时的示意图，图中P1为进气，P2为进气；Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram when adopting opening collection radon hood to measure, and among the figure P1 is air intake, and P2 is air intake;
附图2为采用密闭集氡罩进行测量时的示意图，图中P1为进气，P2为进气。Accompanying drawing 2 is the schematic diagram when adopting airtight collecting radon hood to carry out measurement, among the figure P1 is air intake, P2 is air intake.
具体实施方式detailed description
实施例一、如附图1所示，一种开环式同步测量有效衰变常数及氡析出率的方法，包括测量过程和计算过程，通过对集氡罩收集室内氡浓度上升曲线数据进行分析，对现有的计算方法进行修正，并进行简单计算就能够得到的较准确的氡析出率。其具体操作如下：Embodiment one, as shown in accompanying drawing 1, a kind of method of open-loop synchronous measurement effective decay constant and radon exhalation rate, comprises measurement process and calculation process, by collecting radon concentration rising curve data in the collection room of radon hood, analyzing, The more accurate radon exhalation rate can be obtained by modifying the existing calculation method and performing simple calculation. Its specific operation is as follows:
一、测量过程：1. Measurement process:
将开口集氡罩1扣在待测介质6的表面上，由于待测介质6内的氡原子在扩散与渗流作用下，逸出表面进入开口集氡罩1收集室，导致开口集氡罩1收集室内氡浓度变化，泵2一直以恒定流速将外界的空气从开口集氡罩的进气口抽入开口集氡罩收集室，与开口集氡罩1收集室内的空气混合均匀后，再从开口集氡罩1的出气口泵入干燥管3，然后送入静电收集法测氡仪4的测量腔，流速0.5-15升/分钟，使得测氡仪4测量腔内的氡浓度与开口集氡罩1收集室内的氡浓度平衡，流量计5用来测量流量。Buckle the opening-collecting radon cover 1 on the surface of the medium to be measured 6, because the radon atoms in the medium to be measured 6 escape from the surface and enter the collection chamber of the opening-collecting radon cover 1 under the action of diffusion and percolation, resulting in the opening-collecting radon cover 1 As the concentration of radon in the collection chamber changes, the pump 2 has been pumping the outside air from the air inlet of the open radon collection hood into the collection chamber of the open collection radon hood at a constant flow rate. The air outlet of the opening collecting radon hood 1 is pumped into the drying pipe 3, and then sent into the measuring chamber of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4 at a flow rate of 0.5-15 liters/min, so that the radon concentration in the measuring cavity of the radon measuring instrument 4 is the same as that of the opening collecting method. The radon cover 1 collects the radon concentration balance in the chamber, and the flow meter 5 is used to measure the flow.
测量过程采用较短的时间间隔测量，既2-10分钟测量一次，测量n个周期直到开口集氡罩收集室内的氡浓度趋于恒定值。The measurement process adopts a short time interval measurement, that is, one measurement every 2-10 minutes, and n cycles are measured until the radon concentration in the collection chamber of the radon hood of the opening set tends to a constant value.
二、计算过程：2. Calculation process:
由于泵2的流率较大，静电收集法测氡仪4测量腔内的氡浓度与开口集氡罩1收集室内的氡浓度相等，外界环境空气氡浓度非常低，可以近似为0。Because the flow rate of the pump 2 is relatively large, the radon concentration in the measurement chamber of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4 is equal to the radon concentration in the collection chamber of the open radon cover 1, and the radon concentration in the external environment air is very low, which can be approximately 0.
静电收集法测氡仪4测量腔内的氡浓度C（t）为：The radon concentration C(t) in the measurement cavity of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4 is:
(1) (1)
J为被测介质表面氡析出率；S为开口集氡罩1收集室的底面积，面积单位为cm2；V为开口集氡罩1收集室体积，体积单位为升；L为泵的流率；为有效衰变常数，包括氡的衰变常数，开口集氡罩1收集室内氡的泄漏系数和反扩散系数； t为集氡的时间。J is the radon precipitation rate on the surface of the measured medium; S is the bottom area of the opening collection radon cover 1 collection room, and the area unit is cm 2 ; V is the volume of the opening collection radon cover 1 collection room, and the volume unit is liter; L is the flow rate of the pump Rate; is the effective decay constant, including that of radon , the opening set radon hood 1 collects the leakage coefficient of indoor radon and back diffusion coefficient ; t is the radon collection time.
当时，且开口集氡罩1收集室内的氡浓度趋于恒定值时，即，氡析出率就能够由式（1）变化得到：when , and when the radon concentration in the collection chamber of the opening collection radon hood 1 tends to a constant value, that is , the radon exhalation rate can be obtained by changing formula (1):
(2) (2)
式（2）就是传统的开环式氡析出率测量方法。Equation (2) is the traditional open-loop radon exhalation rate measurement method.
式（1）能够改写为：Formula (1) can be rewritten as:
（3） (3)
式（3）的解为：The solution of formula (3) is:
（4） (4)
对于静电收集法测氡仪4，其实际测量的是氡衰变产生的Po-218的浓度，对于Po-218的浓度CPo(t)有：For the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4, what it actually measures is the concentration of Po-218 that radon decay produces, for the concentration C Po (t) of Po-218 has:
(5) (5)
将式（4）带入式（5）得：Put formula (4) into formula (5) to get:
（6） (6)
初始Po-218的浓度为0，式（6）的解为：The initial concentration of Po-218 is 0, and the solution of formula (6) is:
（7） (7)
将测量得到的n个周期的氡浓度数据定义为n个周期中点的氡浓度，再利用式（7）进行非线性数据拟合，就能够同步得到氡析出率和有效衰变常数。Define the measured radon concentration data of n cycles as the radon concentration at the midpoint of n cycles, and then use equation (7) to perform nonlinear data fitting, so that the radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant can be obtained simultaneously.
上述方法采用的测量装置由开口集氡罩1、泵2、干燥管3、静电收集法测氡仪4及流量计5组成，开口集氡罩1的出气口接头通过管道与泵2的进气口连接，泵2的出气口通过管道与干燥管3连接，干燥管3的另一端通过管道与静电收集法测氡仪4测量腔的进气口连接，静电收集法测氡仪4测量腔的出气口通过管道与流量计5的进气口连接，流量计5的出气口通过管道与外界空气相通。The measuring device adopted in the above method is composed of an open radon collection hood 1, a pump 2, a drying pipe 3, an electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4, and a flow meter 5. The air outlet of the pump 2 is connected to the drying pipe 3 through a pipeline, and the other end of the drying pipe 3 is connected to the air inlet of the measuring cavity of the radon measuring instrument 4 by the electrostatic collection method through a pipeline. The air outlet is connected with the air inlet of the flowmeter 5 through the pipeline, and the air outlet of the flowmeter 5 communicates with the outside air through the pipeline.
开口集氡罩1为一个底端开口的矩形容器，开口集氡罩的顶板上设有进气口接头1-2，其侧板上设有出气口接头1-1。The open radon collecting hood 1 is a rectangular container with an open bottom, an air inlet joint 1-2 is arranged on the top plate of the opening radon collecting hood, and an air outlet joint 1-1 is arranged on its side plate.
实施例二、如附图2所示，一种开环式同步测量有效衰变常数及氡析出率的方法，包括测量过程和计算过程，通过对集氡罩收集室内氡浓度上升曲线数据进行分析，对现有的计算方法进行修正，并进行简单计算就能够得到的较准确的氡析出率。其具体操作如下：Embodiment two, as shown in accompanying drawing 2, a kind of method of open-loop synchronously measuring effective decay constant and radon exhalation rate, including measurement process and calculation process, by collecting radon concentration rising curve data in the collection radon hood to analyze, The more accurate radon exhalation rate can be obtained by modifying the existing calculation method and performing simple calculation. Its specific operation is as follows:
一、测量过程：1. Measurement process:
将待测介质8装入密闭集氡罩7收集室内，由于待测介质8内的氡原子在扩散与渗流作用下，逸出表面进入密闭集氡罩7收集室，导致密闭集氡罩7收集室内氡浓度变化，泵2一直以恒定流速将外界的空气从密闭集氡罩7的进气口抽入密闭集氡罩7收集室，与密闭集氡罩收集室内的空气混合均匀后，再从密闭集氡罩7的出气口泵入干燥管3，然后送入静电收集法测氡仪4的测量腔，流速0.5-15升/分钟，使得测氡仪4测量腔内的氡浓度与密闭集氡罩7收集室内的氡浓度平衡，流量计5用来测量流量。Put the medium to be measured 8 into the collection chamber of the airtight radon collection hood 7, because the radon atoms in the medium to be measured 8 escape from the surface and enter the collection chamber of the airtight radon collection hood 7 under the action of diffusion and seepage, resulting in the collection of radon in the airtight radon collection hood 7. As the indoor radon concentration changes, the pump 2 draws the outside air from the air inlet of the airtight radon collection hood 7 into the airtight collection chamber of the airtight radon collection hood 7 at a constant flow rate. The air outlet of the airtight radon collecting cover 7 is pumped into the drying pipe 3, and then sent into the measurement chamber of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4, with a flow rate of 0.5-15 liters/minute, so that the radon concentration in the radon measuring instrument 4 measuring chamber is the same as that of the airtight collection. The radon cover 7 collects the radon concentration balance in the chamber, and the flow meter 5 is used to measure the flow.
测量过程采用较短的时间间隔测量，既2-10分钟测量一次，测量n个周期直到集氡罩收集室内的氡浓度趋于恒定值。The measurement process adopts a short time interval measurement, that is, one measurement every 2-10 minutes, and n cycles of measurement until the radon concentration in the radon hood collection room tends to a constant value.
二、计算过程：2. Calculation process:
由于泵2的流率较大，静电收集法测氡仪4测量腔内的氡浓度与密闭集氡罩7收集室内的氡浓度相等，外界环境空气氡浓度非常低，可以近似为0。Because the flow rate of the pump 2 is relatively large, the radon concentration in the measurement cavity of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4 is equal to the radon concentration in the collection chamber of the airtight radon cover 7, and the radon concentration in the external environment air is very low, which can be approximately 0.
静电收集法测氡仪4测量腔内的氡浓度C（t）为：The radon concentration C(t) in the measurement cavity of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4 is:
(1) (1)
J为被测介质表面氡析出率；S为密闭集氡罩7收集室的底面积，面积单位为cm2；V为密闭集氡罩7收集室体积，体积单位为升；L为泵的流率；为有效衰变常数，包括氡的衰变常数，密闭集氡罩7收集室内氡的泄漏系数和反扩散系数； t为集氡的时间。J is the radon precipitation rate on the surface of the measured medium; S is the bottom area of the airtight radon collection hood 7 collection chamber, and the area unit is cm 2 ; V is the volume of the airtight collection radon hood 7 collection chamber, and the volume unit is liter; L is the flow rate of the pump Rate; is the effective decay constant, including that of radon , the airtight collection radon hood 7 collects the leakage coefficient of indoor radon and back diffusion coefficient ; t is the radon collection time.
当时，且密闭集氡罩7收集室内的氡浓度趋于恒定值时，即，氡析出率就能够由式（1）变化得到：when , and when the radon concentration in the airtight collection radon hood 7 collection room tends to a constant value, that is , the radon exhalation rate can be obtained by changing formula (1):
(2) (2)
式（2）就是传统的开环式氡析出率测量方法。Equation (2) is the traditional open-loop radon exhalation rate measurement method.
式（1）能够改写为：Formula (1) can be rewritten as:
（3） (3)
式（3）的解为：The solution of formula (3) is:
（4） (4)
对于静电收集法测氡仪4，其实际测量的是氡衰变产生的Po-218的浓度，对于Po-218的浓度CPo(t)有：For the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4, what it actually measures is the concentration of Po-218 that radon decay produces, for the concentration C Po (t) of Po-218 has:
(5) (5)
将式（4）带入式（5）得：Put formula (4) into formula (5) to get:
（6） (6)
初始Po-218的浓度为0，式（6）的解为：The initial concentration of Po-218 is 0, and the solution of formula (6) is:
（7） (7)
将测量得到的n个周期的氡浓度数据定义为n个周期中点的氡浓度，再利用式（7）进行非线性数据拟合，就能够同步得到氡析出率和有效衰变常数。Define the measured radon concentration data of n cycles as the radon concentration at the midpoint of n cycles, and then use equation (7) to perform nonlinear data fitting, so that the radon exhalation rate and effective decay constant can be obtained simultaneously.
上述方法采用的测量装置由密闭集氡罩7、泵2、干燥管3、静电收集法测氡仪4及流量计5组成，密闭集氡罩7的出气口接头7-1-1通过管道与泵2的进气口连接，泵2的出气口通过管道与干燥管3连接，干燥管3的另一端通过管道与静电收集法测氡仪4测量腔的进气口连接，静电收集法测氡仪4测量腔的出气口通过管道与流量计4的进气口连接，流量计4的出气口通过管道与外界空气相通。The measuring device that said method adopts is made up of airtight collecting radon hood 7, pump 2, drying pipe 3, electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4 and flowmeter 5, and the air outlet joint 7-1-1 of airtight collecting radon hood 7 passes through pipeline and The air inlet of the pump 2 is connected, the air outlet of the pump 2 is connected with the drying pipe 3 through a pipeline, and the other end of the drying pipe 3 is connected with the air inlet of the measurement cavity of the electrostatic collection method radon measuring instrument 4 through a pipe, and the electrostatic collection method measures radon The air outlet of the meter 4 measuring cavity is connected with the air inlet of the flowmeter 4 through the pipeline, and the air outlet of the flowmeter 4 is communicated with the outside air through the pipeline.
密闭集氡罩7包括一个底端开口的矩形容器7-1及密封板7-2，矩形容器7-1的顶板上设有进气口接头7-1-2，其侧板上设有出气口接头7-1-1，密封板7-2与矩形容器7-1的开口端采用螺钉连接，通过密封板7-2将矩形容器7-1的开口端封闭。The airtight collecting radon cover 7 comprises a rectangular container 7-1 and a sealing plate 7-2 with an open bottom, the top plate of the rectangular container 7-1 is provided with an air inlet joint 7-1-2, and its side plate is provided with an outlet The air port joint 7-1-1, the sealing plate 7-2 are connected with the opening end of the rectangular container 7-1 by screws, and the opening end of the rectangular container 7-1 is closed by the sealing plate 7-2.
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