CN104614753B - A kind of method and apparatus of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface Download PDFInfo
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- CN104614753B CN104614753B CN201510071759.3A CN201510071759A CN104614753B CN 104614753 B CN104614753 B CN 104614753B CN 201510071759 A CN201510071759 A CN 201510071759A CN 104614753 B CN104614753 B CN 104614753B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and apparatus of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface, this method comprises the following steps：Step 1：Measure initial radon consistence C0；Step 2：Calculation medium surface precipitation rate of radon；A, B and equivalent decay constant λ e are first determined by the following method：Relation in the collection radon cover of the measurement of n-th and n 1 time between the concentration of radon is：Cn=A+BCn‑1；(b1) in radon accumulation,(b2) in radon homeostasis process,The method and apparatus of the continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface can realize continuous measurement, and measurement efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear radiation detection technology, particularly a kind of fast and reliable continuous measurement dielectric surface Radon eduction
The method and measurement apparatus of rate.
Background technology
Precipitation rate of radon refers to the radioactive activity for the radon that unit area, unit interval dielectric surface are separated out.Precipitation rate of radon is surveyed
Amount is influenceed by the temperature, humidity and air pressure conditions of sampling condition and environment so that the degree of accuracy of measurement result is difficult to control to,
Measurement result is often difficult to reproduce and compare.But, radon release rate be evaluate in Decommissioning of Uranium Mining/milling Facilities waste-rock yard,
The anti-radon of Tailings Dam covers the key link of regulation effect, is also the means that source item is found during environmental pollution of radon is administered.In June, 2011
The national standard come into force for 1st《Code for indoor environmental pollution control of civil building engineering (2013 editions)》- GB50325-2010 soil and
Construction material radon release rate is used as the basic means for controlling Indoor Niton Pollution.The continuous reliable measurements of precipitation rate of radon are to improve me
State's environmental pollution of radon monitoring and evaluation level, building materials radon release rate and controlled level, the resource using radon as tracer nuclide are surveyed
The important guarantee of survey, earth science research and earthquake prediction level.
Patent of invention《Measure the method and device of radon eduction rate on medium furface》In provide and a kind of be based on static collection
Measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface method, though can stop a leak, back-diffusion, the interference of Environmental Radon and thorium emanation, this method
It is that precipitation rate of radon is measured using accumulative, is influenceed less by external condition, although with higher measurement accuracy, but at present should
Method is in order to improve measurement accuracy, and repeatedly measurement, A and B are calculated with least square method, λ e and J is finally obtained, does not carry out
It is continuous to survey precipitation rate of radon, only it is only intended to radon eduction rate on medium furface single measurement.Patent of invention《Closed loop is continuously measured
The method of precipitation rate of radon》In be unable to the change (half-life period of radon is 3.825d) of quick response precipitation rate of radon, there is serious prolong
Shi Xiaoying, it is difficult to the rapid response to customer's need of the earthquake prediction of realization using radon as tracer nuclide etc..
Therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of method and apparatus of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide the method and dress of a kind of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface
Put, the method and apparatus for continuously measuring radon eduction rate on medium furface can realize continuous measurement, measurement efficiency is high.
The technical solution of invention is as follows：
A kind of method of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Measure initial radon consistence C0；
Open sampling pump and sampled with 0.1-12L/min flow rate and contain radon in test environment (being the external environment condition of dielectric surface)
Air, sample time is Δ T, and the radon consistence of collection radon cover is i.e. initial when now the radon consistence in measuring chamber is initial time t=0
Radon consistence C0；
Step 2：Calculation medium surface precipitation rate of radon；
(b) A, B and equivalent decay constant λ e are first determined by the following method：
Collection radon cover with perforate and with agitating function is buckled in testing medium surface；By T of time interval to collection radon cover
The concentration of interior radon takes multiple measurements；
N-th and n-1 times measurement collection radon cover in radon concentration between relation be：Cn=A+BCn-1；
Wherein n is natural number；
CnFor the concentration of radon in the collection radon cover at t=n*T moment；
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon；
S is the floor space of collection radon cover；
V represents to collect the cumulative volume of radon cover (also known as collecting radon chamber) and measuring chamber；
Through repeatedly measurement, formula C is determined using least square methodn=A+BCn-1A and B；And try to achieve
Again withIt is used as radon accumulation and the separation of radon homeostasis process；Time of measuringCorrespondence
Process be radon accumulation,Corresponding process is radon homeostasis process；
(b1) in radon accumulation,
(b2) in radon homeostasis process,
The flow rate 2L/min of sampling pump.
Δ T is not less than 1 minute.It is preferred that Δ T is 500 seconds.
Preferably, T is not less than 10 minutes.
T is 15 minutes.
A kind of device of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface, including emanometer (5) and spiral-lock are on testing medium surface
(6) the collection radon cover (1) on；
Collect radon cover to be provided with leak holes (1-4), collection radon cover with agitator (1-1)；
There is measuring chamber (5-1) in emanometer；
The collection radon cover pumping connecting hole (1-3) of collection radon cover passes through air inlet with the measuring instrument pumping connecting hole (5-2) of emanometer
Connecting tube (3) is connected；
The measuring instrument return-air connecting hole (5-3) of the collection radon cover return-air connecting hole (1-2) and emanometer that collect radon cover passes through return-air
Connecting tube (2) is connected；
Using foregoing method measurement testing medium surface precipitation rate of radon.
Inlet pipe connection is provided with radon daughter filter (4).
Beneficial effect：
The method that the precipitation rate of radon that the present invention is provided continuously is measured is compared with traditional measuring method, with measurement operation letter
Just, the situation of change of energy quick response precipitation rate of radon.Traditional accumulative measures precipitation rate of radon, is influenceed less by external condition, though
So there is higher measurement accuracy, but this method is simply possible to use in radon eduction rate on medium furface single measurement at present, not
Radon consistence in collection radon cover is reached and measured after dynamic equilibrium, it is impossible to the change of continuous monitoring precipitation rate of radon is realized.It is existing
The continuous measurement scheme of closed loop precipitation rate of radon, not only without radon release rate in accumulation, but also is unable to real-time response radon
The situation of change of eduction rate, using hermetically sealed collection radon cover λεSmaller, the radon consistence in collection radon cover is higher, it is impossible to timely respond to this
The situation of change of precipitation rate of radon in measurement process.In this programme use perforate band agitating function collection radon cover, collection the perforate of radon cover with
The amount of leakage that radon is collected in collection radon cover is improved, on the one hand band agitating function make it that radon consistence is uniform in collection radon cover, to ensure measurement
The radon consistence of indoor sampling finish time is identical with radon consistence in collection radon cover, is on the other hand more beneficial for collecting radon in radon cover and lets out
Dew, so that collecting effective decay constant λ of radon in radon coverεIncrease.By (8), formula can be drawn, when collection radon enclosure volume V and bottom surface
Under conditions of product S is certain, as effective decay constant λεWhen larger, obtained radon consistence C (n) minor variations, eduction rate are measured
Value J just can fast reaction, and then realize fast and reliable continuous measurement precipitation rate of radon.The program is using cycle sampling and measurement phase
With reference to process, by dynamic measurement be converted into static measurement, not only ensure the accurate of radon concentration monitoring result, also help and prolong
The life-span of long sampling pump.
Scheme 1【That is patent of invention《Measure the method and device of radon eduction rate on medium furface》】Described in method can only
For carrying out single measurement to radon eduction rate on medium furface, radon consistence in collection radon cover is not reached and surveyed after dynamic equilibrium
Amount, scheme 2【That is patent of invention《The method that closed loop continuously measures precipitation rate of radon》】In mention when measurement period number be more than i
Afterwards, the radon consistence in collection radon cover is only relevant with the change of eduction rate, is not described after specific how many cycle, bright in this programme
Really radon cumulative measurement precipitation rate of radon and dynamic equilibrium measure the process of precipitation rate of radon.By (8), formula can be drawn, when collection radon cover body
Under conditions of product V and floor space S is certain, as effective decay constant λεWhen larger, obtained radon consistence C (n) small change is measured
Change, the value J energy fast reactions of eduction rate, and then the change of quick response precipitation rate of radon.
In summary, the method and apparatus of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface of the invention can realize continuous measurement,
Measurement efficiency is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the continuous schematic diagram for measuring radon eduction rate on medium furface device.
Fig. 2 is measurement process principle schematic.
Label declaration：
1st, radon cover is collected
1-1 agitators, 1-2 collection radon cover return-air connecting holes, 1-3 collection radons cover pumping connecting hole, 1-4 leak holes
2nd, return-air connecting tube
3rd, inlet pipe connection
4th, radon daughter filter
5th, emanometer
5-1 measuring chambers, 5-2 measuring instruments pumping connecting hole, measuring instrument return-air connecting hole
6th, testing medium surface
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments：
A kind of method of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Measure initial radon consistence C0；
Open sampling pump and sampled with 0.1-12L/min flow rate and contain radon in test environment (being the external environment condition of dielectric surface)
Air, sample time is Δ T, and the radon consistence of collection radon cover is i.e. initial when now the radon consistence in measuring chamber is initial time t=0
Radon consistence C0；
Step 2：Calculation medium surface precipitation rate of radon；
(c) A, B and equivalent decay constant λ e are first determined by the following method：
Collection radon cover with perforate and with agitating function is buckled in testing medium surface；By T of time interval to collection radon cover
The concentration of interior radon takes multiple measurements；
N-th and n-1 times measurement collection radon cover in radon concentration between relation be：Cn=A+BCn-1；
Wherein n is natural number；
CnFor the concentration of radon in the collection radon cover at t=n*T moment；
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon；
S is the floor space of collection radon cover；
V represents to collect the cumulative volume of radon cover and measuring chamber；
In radon accumulation, through repeatedly measurement, formula C is determined using least square methodn=A+BCn-1A and B；And ask
Again withIt is used as radon accumulation and the separation of radon homeostasis process；Time of measuringCorrespondence
Process be radon accumulation,Corresponding process is radon homeostasis process；
(b1) in radon accumulation,
(b2) in radon homeostasis process,
The flow rate 2L/min of sampling pump.
Δ T is not less than 1 minute.
Preferably, T is not less than 10 minutes.
T is 15 minutes.
A kind of device of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface, including emanometer 5 and spiral-lock are on testing medium surface 6
Collection radon cover 1；
Collect radon cover to be provided with leak holes 1-4, collection radon cover with agitator 1-1；
There is measuring chamber 5-1 in emanometer；
The collection radon cover pumping connecting hole 1-3 of collection radon cover and the measuring instrument pumping connecting hole 5-2 of emanometer are connected by air inlet
Pipe 3 is connected；
The collection radon cover return-air connecting hole 1-2 and emanometer that collect radon cover measuring instrument return-air connecting hole 5-3 are connected by return-air
Pipe 2 is connected；
Using foregoing method measurement testing medium surface precipitation rate of radon.
Inlet pipe connection is provided with radon daughter filter 4.
The method of continuous measurement precipitation rate of radon, it includes measurement process and computational methods.
A, fast and reliable continuous measurement precipitation rate of radon process：Open sampling pump Q L/min (conventional 2L/min, 0.1-
In flow rate sampling test environment (being the external environment condition of dielectric surface) 12L/min) during the Δ of air containing radon T (being not less than 1 minute)
Between, the radon consistence of collection radon cover i.e. initial radon consistence C when now the radon consistence in measuring chamber is initial time t=00,
It is again V- Δs V by its volume of perforate band agitating function【V represents to collect the cumulative volume of radon cover and measuring chamber】, floor space
It is buckled in for S collection radon cover on testing medium surface, then a closed measuring chamber (volume is Δ V) is connected to form one with collection radon cover
Loop, after certain time interval T-Δ T is collected, opens sampling pump and is mixed product radon chamber with the radon in measuring chamber with Q L/min flow rate
Δ T time is closed, the radon consistence C of radon chamber is accumulated when now the radon consistence in measuring chamber is moment T1, then (it is more than with T again
10min) it is a cycle repeated measurement, you can measure radon consistence data C in a series of collection radon cover of constant durationsn, collect radon
2 processes of change point of radon consistence in cover：That is the measurement of radon accumulation and the measurement of radon homeostasis process, its measurement process is as schemed
Shown in 2.
B, computational methods：
Collecting the change of radon consistence in radon cover can be described with formula (1)：
The change that radon in collection radon cover causes radon consistence is precipitate into for the unit time；J is measured medium surface Radon eduction
Rate；S is the floor space of collection radon cover.λ is the decay constant (2.1 × 10 of radon-6s-1)；Leakages and back-diffusion rate of the R for radon, t is collection
The time of radon.
Make λe=λ+R, λeFor equivalent decay constant；Radon consistence is that the concentration of radon in C (t), i.e. t=0 moment, collection radon cover is
C0.(1) solution of formula is
The continuous measurement that time interval is T is carried out, then adjacent measurement twice collects the following relation of change of radon consistence in radon cover：
Order Then have：
Cn=A+BCn-1 (4)
(1) radon accumulation is measured
Radon accumulation is measured, in (2) formulaWhen, i.e. time of measuringIn order to improve measurement essence
Degree, repeatedly measurement, A and B are calculated with least square method, λ e and J is finally obtained.
(2) radon homeostasis process is measured
Radon homeostasis process is measured, in (2) formulaWhen, i.e. time of measuring
(6) formula calculates obtained J and obtained during above radon cumulative measurement：
The above method use measurement apparatus by the collection radon cover of perforate band agitating function, air inlet pipe, muffler, agitator and
Emanometer is constituted, and the collection radon cover of perforate band agitating function is connected by air inlet pipe and muffler with the measuring chamber in emanometer.
Experimental verification：
By the measuring method and device in the enterprising joining line measurement of No. 1 standard set-up of University Of Nanhua's precipitation rate of radon, measurement knot
Fruit is as shown in table 1.
Table 1：Continuous measurement result
Measuring condition：V=0.0057m3, S=0.066m2, T=15min (900s), Δ T=5min (300s) precipitation rate of radon
Reference value J=1.48Bq/m2/s。
Error is the comparison between measured value and reference value
NRL-II types are a kind of electrostatic collection formula emanometer (emanometer and University Of Nanhua developed by University Of Nanhua oneself
Radon chamber standard supervision emanometer PQ2000 measuring result errors are within 3.0%).
Pointed out in the measure equation for being previously noted precipitation rate of radon, the measurement of eduction rate is by measuring not radon consistence in the same time
Precipitation rate of radon is obtained to calculate.
Reference value is an average value of University Of Nanhua radon chamber measurement for a long time, because the measurement of eduction rate is by temperature, wet
Degree and air pressure conditions influence, therefore need to Radon eduction monitored in real time.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Measure initial radon consistence C0；
Open sampling pump and sample air containing radon in test environment with 0.1-12L/min flow rate, sample time is Δ T, is now surveyed
The radon consistence i.e. initial radon consistence C of collection radon cover when the indoor radon consistence of amount is initial time t=00；
Step 2：Calculation medium surface precipitation rate of radon；
(a) A, B and equivalent decay constant λ e are first determined by the following method：
Collection radon cover with perforate and with agitating function is buckled in testing medium surface；By T of time interval to radon in collection radon cover
Concentration take multiple measurements；
N-th and n-1 times measurement collection radon cover in radon concentration between relation be：Cn=A+BCn-1；
Wherein n is natural number；
CnFor the concentration of radon in the collection radon cover at t=n*T moment；
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J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon；
S is the floor space of collection radon cover；
V represents to collect the cumulative volume of radon cover and measuring chamber；
In radon accumulation, through repeatedly measurement, formula C is determined using least square methodn=A+BCn-1A and B；And try to achieve
Again withIt is used as radon accumulation and the separation of radon homeostasis process；Time of measuringCorresponding mistake
Journey is radon accumulation,Corresponding process is radon homeostasis process；
(b1) in radon accumulation,
(b2) in radon homeostasis process,
2. the method for continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stream of sampling pump
Rate 2L/min.
3. the method for continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface according to claim 2, it is characterised in that Δ T is not less than 1
Minute.
4. the method for continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface according to claim 3, it is characterised in that T is not less than 10
Minute.
5. the method for continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface according to claim 4, it is characterised in that T is 15 minutes.
6. a kind of device of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface, it is characterised in that including emanometer (5) and spiral-lock to be measured
Collection radon cover (1) on dielectric surface (6)；
Collect radon cover to be provided with leak holes (1-4), collection radon cover with agitator (1-1)；
There is measuring chamber (5-1) in emanometer；
The collection radon cover pumping connecting hole (1-3) of collection radon cover is connected with the measuring instrument pumping connecting hole (5-2) of emanometer by air inlet
Manage (3) connection；
The collection radon cover return-air connecting hole (1-2) of collection radon cover is connected with the measuring instrument return-air connecting hole (5-3) of emanometer by return-air
Manage (2) connection；
Using the method measurement testing medium surface precipitation rate of radon described in claim any one of 1-5.
7. the device of continuous measurement radon eduction rate on medium furface according to claim 6, it is characterised in that inlet pipe connection
It is provided with radon daughter filter (4).
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| CN105067789B (en) * | 2015-10-01 | 2016-10-05 | 南华大学 | A kind of method and apparatus of open loop type in site measurement water body precipitation rate of radon |
| CN105929443B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-10-29 | 衡阳师范学院 | Actively any method for adjusting precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant |
| CN106707325B (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2019-02-01 | 南华大学 | For measuring the method and system of dielectric surface radon release total amount in certain period of time |
| CN108489771B (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2020-06-05 | 南华大学 | Flowing gas type soil radon gas source collecting device and collecting method |
| CN110456406B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-03-18 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method, device and system for rapidly measuring radon exhalation rate in open loop mode without flowmeter |
| CN114088313B (en) * | 2021-11-13 | 2024-05-07 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for continuously measuring radon exhalation rate by changing leakage coefficient and back diffusion coefficient |
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